Fıkra Metinlerinin Kız Ve Erkek Çocuklar Tarafından Algılanışı

Author(s): Nalan Kızıltan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 134/2006

This study aims at discussing if there is a significant difference between male and female students’ comprehension skills of humorous texts. Therefore, six Nasreddin Hodja’s jokes in Turkish books for the first graders in Turkey have been given to 120 students in Samsun, Turkey. Both reading and listening comprehension skills of the first graders have been tested through 41 questions about the six jokes. The data have been analysed by SPSS. It has been indicated that the comprehension competence of both female and male students can be said to be insufficient for humorous texts.

Университетското обучение по турски език в България – aктуално състояние и перспективи

Author(s): Milena Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The paper discusses the history of Turkish language education in Bulgaria and focuses on current practices in Turkish language teaching at universities. It considers the reasons for necessity of language training and of qualified specialists in Turkish or Turkic Studies in the country.

Evliyā Celebi’s Seyāḥatnāme as a Source for South Slavic Linguistics

Author(s): Slobodan Ilić / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2017

In autumn and winter 1660, accompanying his patron Melek Aḥmed Pasha in an expedition against the Venetian fortifications in northern Dalmatia, the Ottoman traveller Evliyā Celebi (d. 1684) toured Serbia, Bosnia and Dalmatian rocky hinterland, leaving a meticulous description of towns, fortresses, public buildings, and peoples of the region, including samples from the local languages. Assumed as being of no interest for general Turkish reader, these linguistic specimens have been for the most part left out in abbreviated printed editions, and consequently, in contemporary translations in western languages, including Serbian and Croatian. Using an Ottoman manuscript generally accepted as the archetype, if not even the autograph of the related fifth part of the work (Topkapı Sarayı, Bağdat Koşku 307), the author introduces Evliyā’s Seyāḥatnāme (Book of Travel) as a work of linguistic, next to undisputed historical and literary significance.

Kaitstud doktoritööd

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 03/2019

Defended doctoral theses.

„სიკვდილისა“ და„სიცოცხლის“ რეპრეზენტაციის ენობრივი საშუალებები (ქართულსა და თურქულ ენებში)

Author(s): Tsiala Lagvilava / Language(s): Georgian Issue: 1/2020

The conceptual field of death-life in the cultures under study is the national-cultural manifestations of the universal field the integral semantemes of which are existence and non-existence (the end of existence). The phenomenon of death-life encompasses the entire organic world, which also makes a difference in its nomination, depending on the biological status of the object of death – concerning humans, animals or plants. In interpreting the research concepts, great importance is attached to the linguistic means of its representation. Conceptual meanings are expressed at different linguistic levels: lexical, phraseological and paremiological units. In addition, it is quite common to convey the content of a concept through figures of speech (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, personification). Synchronic analysis of the representation of the concepts – “Life” and “Death”, which shows the modern structure of the concept (on dictionaries and discourse materials), is filled with diachronic and comparative excursions based on etymological dictionaries and encyclopedic material.

Osmanlı Türkçesinde Arapça ve Farsça Kökenli Duygu Sözcükleri

Author(s): Ahmet Ferhat Özkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 71/2021

Emotion researches has gained momentum in many fields of social sciences with the rise of social constructivist perspective which claims emotions are not only biological impulses but also socio-cultural constructs. One of these disciplines, “the history of emotions”, focuses on changes of emotions over time, and their differences in various cultures, with reference to historical texts and literary works to list emotional vocabulary of the language it focuses. In this regard, detecting emotional vocabulary of Turkish language would yield useful results not only for Turkish literature researches but also to track histories of emotions in Turkish. In this respect, it is important to detect the emotion words belonging to another cultural sphere, of which Turkish language in Western field starts to interact from 13th century. This lexicon search tries to identify Arabic and Persian originated “emotion nouns” of Ottoman Turkish from 13th to 19th centuries. For this purpose, Ottoman Turkish – Modern Turkish Dictionary of Ferit Devellioğlu, which is the most extended dictionary of Ottoman Turkish from 13th to 19th centuries, has been looked up item by item, and three hundred and ninety five words which express an emotion or an affect have been found. Afterwords, the vocabulary found in Devellioğlu Sözlük, searched in Kamus-ı Türkî, the most reliable dictionary of Ottoman Turkish for 19th century, to understand whether they still exit or is there any semantic changes. In this process it is aimed to determine the emotional lexicon which is borrowed from Arabic and Persian of Ottoman Turkish from 13th centuries to 19th centuries, and their situations especially in 19th century in which new genres of Turkish literatures emerged.

Bulgarian Words in Evliya Çelebi’s Seyahatname (17th Century)

Author(s): Marek Stachowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The paper offers a presentation and discussion of several words classified as Bulgarian in the original text of Evliya Çelebi’s Seyāḥatnāme as well as in its two modern editions. Besides, some other possible Bulgarianisms are discussed, even though they were not classified as such by the editors.

Лексические заимствования из османского турецкого языка в новоболгарских письменных памятниках XVII–XVIII в.в. (на материале одесских дамаскинов)

Author(s): Tatyana Braga / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2022

The article deals with lexical borrowings from the Ottoman Turkish language in the New Bulgarian monuments of the 17th–18th centuries. Based on the material of the Odessa Damaskins from the collection of V. I. Grigorovich, an attempt was made at semantic classification, the purpose of which is to study the ways of spreading Turkish borrowings and the scope of their use in the Bulgarian folk language. The group of lexical units analyzed is considered as part of the general Bulgarian lexical fund in its stylistic variants, as well as at the level of everyday speech activity.

LUIGI BONELLI’NİN TRABZON AĞZI DERLEMESİ ÜZERİNE

Author(s): Resul Kaya / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 74/2022

The interest of Italians in Turkish culture dates back to the 13th century or even earlier. Until the 19th century, Italians produced works on Turkish culture in many fields, especially the Turkish language. In the 19th century it is seen that the studies on the Turkish language and culture were conducted in the modern sense. Today it can be said that the true foundations of Italian Turcology were laid in the nineteenth century. Undoubtedly, Luigi Bonelli is one of the people who laid the scientific foundations of Italian Turkology in this century. The late Italian Turkologist Luigi Bonelli had written extensively about Turkish language and culture – especially spoken Turkish (Turko vulgare) – during his time in Istanbul, Turkey between 1890 and 1891. It is understood that Bonelli, who frequently uses the expression Turkish vulgar (popular Turkish, vulgar Turkish) in his works, attributes particular importance to popular Turkish. Rossi, claimed that his talent for languages developed at birth, and that he had mastered Istanbul Turkish to a degree that left Turks blown away. He also was fascinated by regional dialects as well – most notably the Turkish of Trabzon. This study will explore Bonelli’s observations about the dialect, including its phonetics, morphology and lexicography.

OCJENE I PRIKAZI

Author(s): Sabaheta Gačanin,Emrah Seljaci,Fuad Ohranović,Merisa Đido,Esad Duraković,Sabina Bakšić,Vedad Hurić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 71/2022

Review of: Esad Duraković - Amra Mulović, DISKURSNA ANALIZA GOVORA PREDSJEDNIKA SVRGNUTIH TOKOM ARAPSKOG PROLJEĆA, Centar za napredne studije, Sarajevo, 2020, 245 str. Vedad Hurić - Amira Trnka-Uzunović, ARAPSKI VEZNICI I NJIHOVA SEMANTIKA U KURʼANU, Fakultet islamskih nauka i El-Kalem, Biblioteka monografije 20, Sarajevo, 2020, 227 str. Sabina Bakšić - Ekrem Čaušević, Barbara Kerovec, TURSKI I HRVATSKI U USPOREDBI I KONTRASTIRANJU: SINTAGMA I JEDNOSTAVNA REČENICA, Ibis grafika, Zagreb, 2021, 319 str. Esad Duraković - Madžida Mašić, POETIKA GAZELA U DIVANU AHMEDA TALIBA BOŠNJAKA, Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Orijentalni institut, Posebna izdanja LXIV, Sarajevo, 2021, 234 str. Merisa Đido - Munir Drkić, OSNOVE PERZIJSKOG JEZIKA – GRAMATIKA SA VJEŽBAMA, Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Filozofski fakultet, Kulturni centar Ambasade IR Iran u BiH, Sarajevo, 2021, 185 str. Fuad Ohranović - Vjeran Kursar, Nenad Moačanin, Kornelija Jurin Starčević (eds.), EVLIYA ÇELEBI IN THE BORDERLANDS: NEW INSIGHTS AND NOVEL APPROACHES TO THE SEYAHATNAME (WESTERN BALKANS AND IRAN SECTIONS), Srednja Evropa, Zagreb 2021, 230 str. Emrah Seljaci - Alma Omanović-Veladžić, HRONIKA MUHAMEDA ENVERIJA KADIĆA KAO IZVOR ZA IZUČAVANJE KULTURNE HISTORIJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE, Univerzitet u Sarajevu - Orijentalni institut, Posebna izdanja LXV, Sarajevo 2021, 755 str. Sabaheta Gačanin - Mubera Bavčić i Lamija Hatibović, BIBLIOGRAFIJA IZDANJA ORIJENTALNOG INSTITUTA 1950. – 2020. / BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES 1950 - 2020, Posebna izdanja LXVI, UNSA OIS, Sarajevo 2021, 400 str.

Биография на репресираната тюркология в България

Author(s): Milena Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

This article is a review of the book “Turkology in Exile: Mefküre Mollova. A Biographical Study”, authored by Zeynep Zafer and Murie Muratova. Mefküre Mollova (1927–2009) was the first Turkish woman and university professor in Bulgaria, who gained international fame with her research in the field of Turkology. She devoted herself to unexplored issues of Turkish dialectology, related to the Turkish dialects in Bulgaria and other linguistic questions. Mefküre Mollova was among the founders of the Turkish Philology at the University of Sofia. She had worked for only about 7 years (1953–1961), when she and her husband were dismissed from their academic positions. Although unemployed and persecuted in communist Bulgaria, Mefküre Mollova continued to publish her work both in the country and abroad. She published her research in four languages – French, Turkish, Bulgarian, and Russian, but mostly in French. Mefküre Mollova was also the first Turkish poet to publish poems in Turkish periodicals and the only woman who managed to publish an independent collection of poems in Turkish in Bulgaria. In addition, she is the first author of several well-written travelogues. Having gained fame and recognition around the world, in her homeland she and her husband Riza Mollov are forgotten and neglected. Their refusal to collaborate with the communist authorities and to falsify academic research stigmatized them for decades and the autors hope that this book will contribute to correcting this injustice.

Nevâdirü’l-Emsâl’deki Su Konulu Deyimlerde Metaforların İncelenmesi

Author(s): Lale YEŞİLOVA,A. Melek Özyetgin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 21/2023

In this study, it is aimed to examine the idioms about water in Mîrek Muhammed Nakşîbendî-i Taşkendî’s dictionary of idioms Nevâdirü’l-Emsâl (NE) according to Lakoff Johnson's metaphor theory. NE is a rare dictionary of proverbs, idioms and other stereotyped phrases written in Persian Turkish. The work, which was written at the beginning of the 17th century, has been the source of many idiomatic lexicons after it. In this article, 6 waterrelated idioms, which are the head of the Persian item in NE are discussed. In line with their connotation areas and the meanings they have gained in Turkish, it will be questioned which target areas the source “water” concept points to, and which target areas have been reached from the “water” source area will be revealed through Persian Turkish language relations and words.

Prodor bosanskih leksičkih značajka u dubrovački govor 17. i 18. stoljeća

Author(s): Ivana Lovrić Jović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2012

The work analyses the Bosnian lexemes in two bodies of texts: the 17th and 18th centuries Dubrovnik wills written in the Croatian language and the so-called francesaria – adaptations of comedies by Molière to Dubrovnik speech. As the studied period did not bring forth any major names in literature and, as a result, no comprehensive linguistic monographs, the mentioned linguistic material may be considered fairly representative of Dubrovnik speech in the 17th and 18th centuries. This is supported by the fact that these texts belong to different language genres: administrative language and stylized (dramatic) language. Although the Bosnian element left its mark on only certain portions of the mentioned two bodies, it should not be considered a sporadic or accidental phenomenon. Namely, in the testamental material the wills by Bosnian immigrants abound in Turkisms, whereas in the francesaria the Bosnian lexical element mostly occurs in the stylogenic function as a dramatic part of one of the standard characters – the Bosnian. This may lead to a wrong conclusion that the Bosnian element in Dubrovnik speech of the 17th and 18th centuries does not actually exist (except as part of the general Croatian lexica). Yet the fact that the translators, the autochthonous inhabitants of Dubrovnik, knew how to stylize the Bosnian’s speech with Turkisms tells best that they got to know them directly – probably through the living speech of the Herzegovian hinterland or through multiple trade links with Bosnia.

Karakteristike jezika sandžačkih Bošnjaka u Istanbulu

Author(s): Christoph Giesel / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 91-92/2023

Between 1878 and 1970, a large number of Bosniacs from the territories of today’s Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo and (Northern-)Macedonia emigrated in several waves to the Ottoman Empire and Turkey. Estimates regarding the number of Turkish citizens of Bosniac heritage range between 3 and 9 million, but the number of Shtokavian resp. Bosnian or “Bosniac” speakers only ranges from several ten thousand to a maximum of several hundred thousand. The vast majority of Turkish Bosniacs living in Istanbul originate from the Serbian and Montenegrin Sandžak which their families left in the 1950s and 1960s due to various reasons. Despite the rigid assimilation policies pursued by the Turkish state in the 20th century, they succeeded in retaining certain forms of their “Yugoslav-Muslim” or Bosniac ethnicity within the context of their social and linguistic embeddedness in Turkey where they are subject to a mixture of Turkish assimilation and ethnic revival processes. This is why this community displays numerous and multi-faceted aspects of identity, social, linguistic and ethnic attitudes as well as collective memories. Furthermore, their South Slavic Shtokavian ethno-language which is threatened by extinction is characterised by specific influences and idiosyncrasies which in their combination are unique to Turkey’s Bosniac community. It is composed of the following important features: i) dialects from the region of origin, ii) specific features of the Serbo-Croat or Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin standard languages which are mixed with each other, iii) influences of the Ottoman and the modern Turkish standard languages, iv) lexical, syntactic and morphological changes and loss or errors in regards to case, gender, tense and other verb forms which are due to the general loss of language knowledge and v) a way of speaking which is inspired by lexical and grammatical deficits and which is often based on paraphrasing and improvisation. In the previous issue of Almanah (no. 89-90), an essay by the author on the Turkey-Bosniacs already thematized the aspects of time periods and reasons of migration, distribution, number, ethnonyms, language names and other special features, ethnic identities, assimilation and ethnic revival processes, socio-linguistic attitudes and characteristics as well as other historical, political and social issues. The concluding section of the paper presented assessments, theses and discussion aspects about the significance and preservation of the historical, cultural, ethnic, social and linguistic characteristics of the Slavic population in Turkey on the one hand and the meaning of the language type and the socio-linguistic attitudes of the Bosniacs in Istanbul within the context of the language science paradigms and politics of language nationalism in several states of the former Yugoslavia on the other hand. These presentations form the basis for the second essay in this present issue, which deals, from a purely linguistic perspective, with reflections and analyses of selected dialectal and contact-linguistic features of the spoken South Slavic / Shtokavian (Turkish-influenced) language of the Bosniacs from Istanbul. Here, the article focuses on the following aspects: general language characteristics, specific language and dialect features of Southwest Slavic, Shtokavian origin, Turkish language features and influences (lexis, phonetics, syntax, features of written language use), foreign language influences and Slavic/Bosniac influences in spoken Turkish. Finally, the linguistic-political discussion aspects and arguments already addressed in the previous article will be revisited and supplemented by incorporating the results of the linguistic analyses of this essay.

Фамилни имена, производни от стари названия на занятия

Author(s): Ludwig Selimski / Language(s): Turkish,English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The surnames are considered from the point of view of their linguistic origin, word-formation structure and primary meaning – 109 surnames, which were not a subject of such an analysis, or, although they were worthy of analysis in St. Ilchev (1969), were deemed “unclear“, or received an unacceptable explanation, or their analysis needed some further additions and/or corrections. Some of the old, unpopular or perhaps forgotten names of occupations, borrowings mostly from Turkish, are embedded in their 41 stems. We will not find some of them even in the most exhaustive lexicographical works. In the analysis of surnames special attention is paid to their sound structure and to the phonetic and other sound changes reflected in it, which sometimes seriously hamper the researcher in correctly identifying the given form with its initial state, to reconstruct the primary form.

Топонимията и нейната роля за подчертаването на динамиката на ландшафта

Author(s): Cristina Mihălţeanu / Language(s): Turkish,English,Romanian Issue: 1/2017

The present work contains an analysis of the Southern Dobruja’s toponyms, proving the permanent existence in this region of an autochtonous population, dating from the times of Getae and the Romans and to this day, irrespective of the domination oppressing them. The elements of the natural environment were reflected in the toponymy, some of the localities borrowing their names from the characteristics of the relief or of the geological features of the land. Most of the toponyms in Southern Dobruja are of Turkish origin, bearing diversified meanings, sometimes being the names of the settlers, of the prevailing economic activities or human specificity.

SİYASAL KİMLİKLİ AYDINLARIN DİL DEVRİMİ’NE ETKİSİ (1932-1952)

Author(s): Murat Fikrettin Turan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2023

Intellectuals with political identity played a leading role in the modernization process of Turkey. Such groups have been influential in terms of transforming the society and ensuring that the movement is permanent. Language studies, one of the most significant activities of the Republican period, is an initiative that has been accomplished through the efforts of the aforementioned group of intellectuals. Intellectuals who participated actively in the language studies were also experts in the fields of education, language and literature since the last period of the Ottoman Empire. They utilized the knowledge which they acquired through their experiences and observations for the completing Language Revolution successfully. It has been figured out that in the Republican era, the inclusion of intellectuals holding positions in the administrative levels and institutions of the state in language studies was based on professional merit. The majority of the intellectuals who took part in language studies were people who worked in institutions affiliated to the Board of Education, worked as an author and translator in newspapers and magazines, and had their works published on Turkish grammar and Turkish literature. Said people were authorized in various manners to participate in language studies, by considering their knowledge, experience and abilities. While the intellectuals were authorized initially for the establishment of the Language Council in 1928 initially, they were authorized for the adoption of the decision to switch to Latin letters by the Assembly subsequently. With the establishment of the Türk Dili Tetkik Cemiyeti (Society for Examination of Turkish Language) in 1932, language activities were expanded to cover all areas of politics. Language studies was a movement executed by the state and institutionalized particularly under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and other intellectuals with political identity. Such initiatives, initiated by the authors having knowledge on the structure of language and its cultural development, naturally determined the nature of the debates in the Assembly. As a result of the findings obtained mainly from the minutes of the Turkish Grand National Assembly and the sources of the Language Conventions, the influence of the intellectuals with political identity on the Language Revolution has been examined in this study.

On the Etymology of the Middle Bulgarian Anthroponyms Асѣнь (Asěn) and БѣлгꙊнь (Bělgun)

Author(s): Hristo Saldzhiev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The present article addresses the etymology of two Middle Bulgarian anthroponyms, Асѣнь (Asěn) and Бѣлгꙋнь (Bělgun). The Turkic hypothesis of their origin is critically considered and refuted because of phonetic and semantic discrepancies. On the basis of recently discovered ancient documents, the evidence of medieval sources, especially the correspondence between Tsar Kaloyan and Pope Innocentius III and analysis of early medieval Bulgarian anthroponyms, arguments in favor of a Romance hypothesis for the origin of both anthroponyms are suggested.

Slavic Languages in Contact, 11: Serbian between Turkish and Italian (ARAKÇINCI, ÇİZMECİ)

Author(s): Marek Stachowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

A newly (2023) published Orientalia series of the Lessico Etimologico Italiano brings much lexical material for professional discussion. In this author’s opinion, some Turkish words attested in Italian sources were borrowed via Serbian rather than directly from Turkish. That is to say, Serbian sometimes played the role of an intermediary between Turkish and Italian. Two such cases, previously unknown, are shown in this article.

Kongressbericht: Das interdisziplinäre Symposium „Angst und ihre Implikationen in den Gesellschaften Südosteuropas und ihren Sprachen, Literaturen und Kulturen“

Author(s): Corinna Leschber / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2024