Teoretyczne podstawy koncepcji miasta piętnastominutowego w kontekście debaty o związkach planowania przestrzennego i polityki transportowej

Author(s): Michał Beim / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The paper discusses the concept of a 15-minute city. The immobility and social isolation caused by the pandemic situation was an impulse to search for new rules of space organization and directions of urban development. One of the answers was the concept of the fifteen-minute city, which gained great popularity due to being adopted by the Paris authorities. A 15-minute city has been seen not only to be the best response to the challenges of sustainable development, but also to be an optimal resilience. The paper presents the evolution of 15-minute city: from the idea presented in the public debate to the research concept. A 15-minute city is also presented in relation to other concepts of urban development.

J-P. Rodrigue (red.) – The Geography of Transport Systems, Hofstra University, Hempstead NY, 2020, https://transportgeography.org

Author(s): Maciej Tarkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

J. Dellheim, J. Prince (eds.) – Free public transit: and why we don’t pay to ride elevators, Black Rose Books, Montreal, 2018; 250 pp.

Author(s): Daniel Štraub / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Wspomnienia i życiorys doktora Jędrzeja Gadzińskiego

Author(s): Michał Beim,Radosław Bul / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

Zmiany dostępności transportowej mieszkańców miasta w obliczu organizacji wystaw światowych na przykładzie Expo Horticultura w Łodzi

Author(s): Paulina Kurzyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

One of the most important international events that allow for far-reaching promotion of a country, place or region are world exhibitions called Expo. The purpose of the article below is to assess the changes in transport accessibility of the areas of the areas where the Expo Horticultural exhibition in Łódź is to be held, based on the analysis of the transport system and the number of people before and during the organization of the event. The analyzed area is noteworthy because it is the first host city that decided to organize such an event almost in the city center, which is a challenge for the entire transport system. Network analyzes were used in the work. The research results below prove that the chosen exhibition location will deteriorate the transport accessibility of this area.

Położenie i funkcjonowanie dworców autobusowych w wybranych małych miastach województwa podkarpackiego

Author(s): Jakub Łodziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The paper presents the functioning of the infrastructure used for passenger check-in, both for PKS bus departure points and private carriers, in small towns in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship: Leżajsk, Lubaczów, Łańcut and Przeworsk. The location of the stations in urban space, the form of their organisation and the comfort provided to passengers vary greatly between stations. Among the reason for their current state are organizational transformations and ownership changes that have taken place over the last decades, both in the whole bus transport industry and individually in the case of specific stations. The custom indicator has been used to determine the distribution of stations in relation to the most important public infrastructure facilities; functional development of the nearest surroundings has also been identified. Negative examples of infrastructure transformation prevail in analysed sample. Most check-in places do not provide passengers with basic amenities – only three objects have all the basic elements of a station required by law.

Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Ariel Ciechański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Zbigniew Taylor – wybitny polski geograf transportu – portret w 75-lecie urodzin

Author(s): Ariel Ciechański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Geographic differences in passenger turnover decline at airports around the world in 2020 caused by the COVID-2019 pandemic

Author(s): Sergey Tarkhov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Decline types of passenger turnover of 517 airports worldwide in 2020 compared to 2019, caused by COVID-19, are analyzed. This decay was uneven in space, as well as in individual countries, areas, poles, centers and cores. The strongest decline in 2020 occurred at airports of Europe (especially in the UK, Spain, Germany, and Italy) and Asia (particularly in India and Malaysia), medium – in the countries of America (the USA, Mexico, Brazil) and Norway, moderate – in Russia, weak – in China. 48% of all airports covered by the study showed a strong decline in passenger turnover (from 65 to 85%), 32% – medium (45 to 65%), 10% – moderate (30 to 45%). A catastrophic decline (over 85%) was recorded at 14 airports (2.7%), weak (15-30%) – in 26 (5%), insignificant (3-15%) – in 9 (1.7%). Stagnation (from -3% to + 3%) was noted only in 1 airport, and growth (more than + 3%) – in 3. The largest international airports with a high proportion of international transit passengers and airports with a narrow resort and tourist specialization were most affected by the covid crisis; less – airports with a dominance of domestic traffic. The pandemic has deformed the persistent territorial structure of world air traffic, which has formed over the past 60 years, and also violated the already established hierarchy of the largest and large airports not only around the world, but also within individual mega-regions and countries with big territories and populations.

Railway atlases: bibliography of the cartographic products published worldwide between 1945 and 2021

Author(s): Karol Kowalczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The objective of this paper is to present the results of a study compiling a bibliography of railway atlases published worldwide between 1945 and 2021. The atlases are a specific kind of product that supports cartographic communication of information regarding the current or former state of the railway network in a certain area. They are used in professional activities, for travel planning, or as a historical source. The research identified 253 unique titles forming 348 separate volumes. The bibliographic data are presented in tables corresponding to particular geographic regions. The lists are preceded by a descriptive part devoted to the origins of railway cartography, research methods, and a brief overview of selected items.

Analiza porównawcza ruchu pociągów pasażerskich w Polsce w latach 2010 i 202

Author(s): Tadeusz Bocheński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The aim of the article was to examine the load on the railway network in Poland with passenger train traffic as at the beginning of 2020 and its comparison with the beginning of 2010. The years 2010-2020 are a period of intense railway investments and the development of regional carriers market. At the same time, the length of the railway network has been shortened. However, the volume of passenger transport and the intensity of train traffic increased, especially in regional traffic. Infrastructural investments and the involvement of local governments improved the railway offers. However, this improvement did not apply to the entire country. It was most visible in the areas of the Warsaw, Wrocław, and Poznań agglomerations, and the weakest in north-eastern Poland. The border of the voivodeship is also unfavorable in this respect. Silesia and Lesser Poland.

Problematyka przejmowania infrastruktury kolejowej przez samorząd terytorialny – przykład województwa dolnośląskiego

Author(s): Mateusz Smolarski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Regional passenger rail transport has been affected by changes in the organisation of transport in recent years. This concerns both management issues and the extent of the railway network served. There are noticeable tendencies to reactivate rail connections and to create new transport links. This is related both to service of urban agglomerations and regional transport. The process of creating new railway communication system can be based on: reactivation of inactive tracks or building new connections. The procedure of taking over unused lines by voivodeship self-government is an element of restoring the original railway system. On the one hand it allows to preserve the infrastructure, and on the other hand it may be a solution for improving transport accessibility. It may contribute to reducing the phenomenon of transport exclusion. An additional measure may be the use of bus transport as a feeder to the railway line. The survey carried out has shown that in Dolnośląskie voivodeship 16 sections of railway lines have been taken over and another 5 are planned to be connected to the rail system. Most of the routes are short connecting sections. The study showed that most of the routes are not located in the main planning documents (including the voivodeship transport plan). From the spatial point of view the highest concentration of routes takes place in the southern part of the voivodeship and within the Wrocław agglomeration. The entirety of the local government’s activities should be of a comprehensive nature, and the voivodeship’s regional public transportation system should be the result.

Rozwój przestrzenny portu morskiego na przykładzie Gdyni

Author(s): Sandra Żukowska,Tadeusz Palmowski,Marcin Połom / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The article presents selected issues of the spatial development of the seaport in Gdynia, in particular its development conditions, as well as the relationship between the port and the city. The seaport and the city of Gdynia are a unique case of development of a port-city unit where, contrary to other cases, the port was created first and then the city started to develop. These conditions had a significant impact on the development of the spatial and economic structure of the port-city complex. The study was supplemented with a synthetic analysis of perspectives and barriers to development of the Port of Gdynia.

Zmiany sieci pozamiejskiego publicznego transportu autobusowego w Bieszczadach i Beskidzie Niskim – ujęcie topologiczne

Author(s): Ariel Ciechański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

In the article, the author returns to the graph methods which were once classic in the transport geography. Using basic indicators such as the cyclomatic number μ, the α Kansky index, the γ Kansky index and the Gns index developed by A. Ciechański, he analyzes the changes in the network of non-urban public bus transport in the area of the Beskid Niski and the Bieszczady Mountains. He also tests the Gns indicator for more complex graphs with a complicated structure, including often very numerous isolated vertices. Unfortunately, unlike the simple and inconsistent transport networks for which it was created, in the case of large transport networks containing many cycles its sensitivity shows a much worse level and the obtained results are much less unambiguous than in the case when the isolated subgraphs are less numerous, but with the more elaborate structure.

Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Marcin Połom / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

Rola infrastruktury transportu jako jednego z czynników rozwoju regionalnego

Author(s): Jakub Majewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

The aim of this paper is to present the place of transport infrastructure in socio-economic development programming and to analyse the nature and role of this factor in selected theories of regional development. The first part of the paper describes the research method and sources used. The second part contains a synthetic review of the literature on transport economics and indicates the key elements from the point of view of socio-economic development and, consequently, the interest of public authorities. The third part describes the discussion on the expected role of infrastructure investments and their place in selected concepts of regional development. It focuses on the dilemma of the “anticipatory” or “secondary” model of infrastructure development and the role of this issue against the background of other regional development factors. The book closes with a conclusion on the role of the transport sphere in supporting regional development and the conclusion that transport infrastructure is an indispensable element in creating accessibility and, in parallel, the internal potential of regions.

Dostępność transportowa wybranych ośrodków miejskich Pomorza Środkowego z uwzględnieniem zjawiska wykluczenia komunikacyjnego

Author(s): Adam R. Parol / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

This article brings up the issue of the transport accessibility of the capital cities or their equivalents on the county level. The Middle Pomerania region was taken as a research area. Some of these regions were pointed as to show the different level of the transport offer. The aim was to present the context of compatibility between functional linkages and existing administrative division on the county level, but also to find areas excluded in public transport system. The role of the towns in the settlement system was referred to places that offer selected goods and services which local community needs and have to travel in order to acquire them, with no-closing within the framework of the existing administrative division. For the purposes of the article the indicators of communication linkages and town ranks were constructed. The results of the research procedure turned out to be compatible with the wordings contained in other scientific studies dealing with this topic, but they were taken more precisely and up-to-date. Conclusions contained in this paper, especially regarding corrections in the territorial division to adjust its borders to actual linkages, may be used as a suggestions for people responsible for moulding transport policy in the region and for spatial dimension of state administration.

Wpływ zmiany pełnionych funkcji na fizjonomię portu w Ustce

Author(s): Tomasz Michalski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

The aim of the article is to present the impact of changes in the functions performed by the port in Ustka on its physiognomy. The functional analysis mainly covers the period of 2016-2019, while the analysis of the physiognomy was conducted for 2021. It was found that the basic trans-shipment function is played to a minimum extent in Ustka. The function of sea tourism is insufficiently realized (no yacht marina), and the function of passenger shipping is not performed. The function of recreational fishing and angling is still performed by the port, but to a lesser extent than in the past. There is no longer any production activity in the port area, although in the past it was carried out on a large scale. There is a chance that the port will develop a function related to the maintenance and operation of wind farms. On the other hand, the tourist function (gastronomy, hotels, etc.) and housing are strongly developing in the port. Introducing the latter function into the port was considered a mistake. Changes in functions result in changes to the port physiognomy. Industrial and trans-shipment facilities are disappearing and replaced with hotel, catering and residential facilities. However, these changes are long delayed.

Mobilność w centrum średniego miasta w perspektywie możliwości wprowadzenia strefy płatnego parkowania – studium przypadku Tczewa

Author(s): Michał Adam Kwiatkowski,Grzegorz Pawlikowski,Donata Wysocka,Jadwiga Biegańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

Parking policy is one of the more important challenges in the development of modern cities in terms of transport. One of the tools for shaping this policy in cities is the introduction of paid parking zones, which are intended to increase vehicle turnover and encourage the use of other means of transport for everyday commuting. This is particularly important in the context of city centres. The introduction of paid parking zones is a common solution in large cities, less so in medium-sized and small ones. The aim of this study is to analyse how residents of a medium-sized city – Tczew – travel to the centre (Old Town) and to assess the possibility of introducing a paid parking zone. The study was carried out through a survey, using the PAPI (Paper and Pencil Interview) technique, with 375 responses collected. It showed that there is a high level of public acceptance for the possible introduction of a paid parking zone in the case under consideration. The study also yielded that the vast majority of users of the centre are people who get there on foot. It was also confirmed that residents are not only willing to pay for parking in the city centre, but also to walk a certain distance from their parking space to their destination. This work can be applied as a guide to other cities of similar size and structure that intend to introduce paid parking zones or other types of car traffic restrictions.

Koncepcja zielonego portu w działaniach strategicznych polskich portów morskich

Author(s): Sandra Żukowska,Tadeusz Palmowski,Marcin Połom / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

The article presents selected seaports’ approaches to sustainable development and policy-making based on the green port concept. In the current reality, the development of seaports should not only focus on traditional activities related to the development of port resources – infrastructural or suprastructural development. New forms of activity should go beyond the boundaries of their operation and include, inter alia, issues related to the social environment and environmental sensitivity. The survey results illustrate the priorities of port development activities and indicate areas that require increased attention. Action in these areas is necessary to enhance activities that balance economic, social and environmental benefits.