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In this article author describes the changes in organization and functioning of school-public libraries in Poland during last 40 years (1972-2012), attempting to answer the question about the pros and cons of this type of libraries. She also presents the results of the national research conducted by the Book and Readership Institute (National Library) in 2012.
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The article presents the newest statistical data on school libraries in Poland based on the System of Information on Education. Results are based on research conducted in rural districts of Poland in 2012. Findings refer to such factors as: network of the libraries in Polish schools, average area of school libraries, average size of book collection and computerization. The author presents profiles of five main types of libraries. In addition, paper contains the results of the survey conducted among pupils of primary (6th class) and secondary schools (2nd class) concerning the ability to take advantage of the school libraries’ potential. In conclusion author focuses on evaluation of the chances and risks concerning school libraries.
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The paper presents the research project which is carried out by teachers and students of the Institute of the Czech Language and Library Science, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, and is focused on determining the meaning, purpose and role of a library in an intergenerational perspective. In the first part of the contribution the philosophy and methodology of the research project, the main goals and sub-targets are presented. There are also analysed basic motivation for choosing a qualitative approach and reason for the use of the behavior research methods (psychometry) for data acquisition. The advantage of using mixed-methods strategy for data analysis in this kind of library research is discussed as well. In general, the first part of the paper offers the way, which can be very effective in exploring both general and specific library user’s attitudes. The second part of the paper is focused on main results obtained from the qualitative research section – individual interviews. Data obtained from elementary school children and teen adolescents are presented and interpreted. At the end of the paper the research project and all presented outcomes are related to the ideas of community library open to intergenerational meeting of values.
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The aim of the article is to reveal teenagers’ perception of a contemporary library. The research is carried out in accordance with the original study conducted by the author. Written answers given by Latvian teenagers (n=61) to the open-ended question “What should a contemporary library be like?” were analysed using NVivo software. All the respondents were 14-16 years old students (Form 8 or Form 9) from five comprehensive day schools of big cities of Latvia. The study resulted in a mind map, containing three hierarchy levels with 51 categories and subcategories in total. Five main categories for classifying teenagers’ associations are as follows: “library and technologies” (n=48), “information resources” (n=48), “premises” (n=39), “general description” (n=19) and “user- -friendly staff” (n=11). Most of the associations classified as “library and technologies” are devoted to a perception of a library as a place providing public access to computers and internet. Meanwhile “information resource” mainly contains references to a library as a place where printed books are kept. The study results show that it is vital to perform activities in order to change teenagers’ perception of a contemporary library as a physical space which mainly operates as an access point to computers and printed books.
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The paper discusses a problem of Internet websites’ role in stimulating development of children’s reading interests. The main objective of the study was to compare the results of the research carried out in 2012, with similar projects conducted in 2014. Cracow primary school libraries’ websites were analyzed qualitatively to discover the extent and type of elements supporting the process of activating reading among children. The analysis included: information about the current library offerings, listings of new acquisitions, publishing news, reviews, the lists of recommended books, information about reading promotion actions, lists of recommended links to web resources, multimedia, educational games, activating elements of Web 2.0, etc. Frequency of occurrence of these elements on the surveyed websites was analyzed quantitatively. As a result, conclusions regarding dynamics of changes in the scope and ways of using libraries websites as potential tools for supporting development of children’s interests in reading were formulated.
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The aim of this paper is presentation of common reading experience and distances in the activities, preferences and reading motivations of twelve and fifteen year olds. Author tries to answer the questions: what is the place of reading books in teens’ everyday life, what are the patterns of reading initiations in Polish families, what kind of literature is the most popular among Polish young readers? Shared and diverse habits of reading books belonging to students on different stage of adolescence will be demonstrated, particularly the strategies in reading paper books and reading on screen. The paper will be based on outcome of research of children and adolescents readership conducted in 2013, consisting of two stages: quantitative research (48 IDI) and national survey of students from sixth classes of primary schools and third classes of lower secondary school: total 3 537 pupils from 202 schools in Poland.
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The survey aimed at description and verification of the reading culture of the group of teenagers (11 and 12 years old Łódź inhabitants), including evaluation of its scale, and comparison of opinions expressed by the youth and their parents. Both the students and their parents (although in slightly different form) were asked to present their opinions about: attitudes towards reading, reading preferences, their private book collections, as well as the role of parents and other people in shaping their reading habits.
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The aim of the article is to characterize the reading preferences of Cracow teenagers. The work opens with the recall of key trends of contemporary youth readership (eg. use of electronic publications, preferring other forms of leisure, fashion not-to-read, etc.). Then the methodology of the survey conducted among selected Cracow teenagers is described. Reflections on current trends in readership teens can be found at the last part of the text.
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Scandinavian children literature is very extensive and popular both within these countries and abroad. Among the most well-known authors or titles one can mention Astrid Lindgren or contemporary Swedish authors of the series about Lasse and Maja, Karl Martin Widmark and Helena Willis, or Norwegian Jo Nesbo. Scandinavia has a long history of high level of literacy. In the result of the Swedish king’s campaign for literacy and reading of the Bible and religious literature in the seventeenth century, 80% of the Swedes could write and read in the nineteenth century (the literacy level was similar in the whole region, for comparison in Poland it was 20-30%). High literacy indicator can be observed in high press reading indicators nowadays. Book readership is also relatively high in Sweden and Norway. It is a result of the state’s financial support for projects aiming at increased readership among children and youth, as well as many civic projects resulting from the citizens’ engagement in the countries’ problems. The purpose of this text is to discuss examples of the most interesting reading project for children, youth and parents of small children in Sweden and Norway, for example the Swedish Reading Ambassador nominated by the Ministry of Culture or reading promotion among children who train sports in Norway.
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The article focuses on the importance of motivation in the reading process. The author analyses publications on readership and motivation, available studies and documents concerning the activities of libraries. Reading phenomena is be discussed from a psychological perspective. She also presents the role of the library in the reading encouragement, discusses the factors either facilitating or threatening this process. Selected activities of libraries influencing attitudes toward reading are characterized. Despite the decline in readership, or maybe just because of that, it is very important to undertake activities supporting pro-reading attitudes.
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The article is dedicated to multimedia and the role they currently play not only in communication, but also in access to information and reading practice for people deaf from birth whose native language is sign language. After some introductory explanations concerning the media, those types that have particular relevance to young people called “e-natives” or “e-generation”, are presented. The vast majority of them is available thanks to the development of information technologies, especially the Internet. Special computer programs created for the people with hearing impairment are also quite significant. Some of them allow learning and improvement in sign language (e.g. computer-based sign language dictionary), improvement in phonic language (e.g. Logo-games) or converting speech to text (SkryBot). Others facilitate access to information in sign language, the use of Websites and participation in specific reading practice, which is especially important for children and adolescents. Multimedia serve numerous functions: teaching, educational, compensating, and integrative as well as those serving entertainment and liberating creativity. Therefore, they are worth paying good attention.
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The article discusses current forms of work with the reader that evoke positive feelings to a book, and result in increase of reading among library users. Attention is drawn to the most popular activities, such as: nights in the library, kamishibai, booktalking, storytelling, educational games or bibliotherapy workshops, and in particular exhibitions and reading contests. The article was inspired by a long-term cooperation between the Institute of Information and Library Science at the Pedagogical University of Cracow and school and pedagogical libraries. Thanks to this project a lot of exhibitions, reading contests and theatre performances were organised, a few of them based on original scripts. They were very popular among the students. The Institute also took part in the project “An update of the training for the librarians from small municipal libraries”, in which students organized exhibitions and reading contests in five public libraries. The experience brought many valuable insights. Its results enable analysis and proposal of forms and methods ofwork with children and teenagers in future. Students’ opinions on the project were also assessed.
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Section I: PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF DOCUMENTS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN ROMANIA. MODELS OF GOOD PRACTICE The present study presents the technical-scientificd ocumentation regarding the restoration of two paper documents ( two sheets out of nine) with extreme mechanical fragmentation, written in Romanian in 1863. In addition to the physical-mechanical degradations (blocking the sheets, breaks on the fold line) other types of degradation were highlighted: biotic and chemical. The restoration methodology consisted in unblocking the fragments of the tabs with the help of a solvent, cleaning and biocidal operations. Afterwards, the fragments were sorted according to the assortments of paper, color and graphics and placed in a puzzle system in order to reconstruct the original sheet format. The gap areas were integrated with 31g/m2Japanese paper, and as a final operation the sheets were consolidated by plating (double-sided) with 6g/m2Japanese paper.
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Section I: PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF DOCUMENTS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN ROMANIA. MODELS OF GOOD PRACTICE National bibliographies, especially those on old printing are continually developing, both as concerns book titles and unknown aspects of some editions belonging to the already listed titles. More recently identified volumes or those that recently entered the collections of some public institutions reflect suchcircumstances. This study tackles the case of a copy of the Horologion printed by Meletie Macedoneanul, in Govora, in 1640. The work is extremely rare: besides the recently purchased volume by the National Museum of Unification Alba Iulia, it is only known that depicted by specialized bibliographies and held within collecti ons of the "Lucian Blaga" Central University Library of Cluj-Napoca. By completions with analyses specific to restoration propositions and subjecting of the copy held in Alba Iulia to the scientific lexicon, numerous contributions are brought to the knowledge of the Horologion edition from 1640 as well as the Romanian printing in the first half of the XVIlth century.
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Curchi Monastery, founded in 1773 by Iordache Curchi, had one of the richest libraries, consisting of old documents, manuscripts and printed books. The first evidence of the existence of a library at Curchi Monastery dates back to the 18th century, when the monastery was run by Manasie, the brother of its first founder. Other information about the monastery library dates back to 1814 when Theodosie Sabau, another founder of the monastery, died. The monks gathered in Curchi an appreciable number of books, used in the officiating of the divine services and at the school established at the beginning of the 19th century next to the monastery. In the interwar period, the library had about 4,000 books and documents, which disappeared during the Soviet rule. Only a small number of books have been identified in libraries in Chisinau.
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Episcopal, monastic and church libraries shelter thousands of religious books in which donors, hierarchs, priests and teachers recorded the events they thought were most important. We intend to present some of the notes from the researched books from the Episcopal Museum of Huși and those from the libraries of the Secu and Neamț monasteries that provide various information of an institutional, political, social, ecclesiastical, genealogical character or concerning the natural calamities. Our references go especially to the past of the Husi Diocese and of the localities under its jurisdiction.
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The article aims at presenting the illustration of the Old Romanian Book collection from the patrimony of the Library of the Romanian Academy, from the 18th century, found in books published in Wallachia. The approach has an interdisciplinary character that involves fields such as history, book history and fine arts (wood engraving). The study presents a selection of illustrations from representative books in the patrimony of the Library of the Romanian Academy from the 18th century, resulting in the iconographic description and identification of the connection between the image and the biblical message. The presentation of the woodcuts is based on the research undertaken in order to support the doctoral thesis.
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In the old book fund at Bogdana Monastery (Bacău county), in the process of cataloguing, among many bibliophilic curiosities, there is a copy that we consider to be a typographic forgery. The tile page indicates that it is an Antologhion printed at Râmnic, in 1737, but it is not identical to the Antologhion from Râmnic known from that year (BRV II 215). Inside it, after the title, it continues with Minologhionul from Blaj, since 1781 (BRV II 448). We consulted the catalogues available, including the monography of the printing house (Gabriela Mircea) and we found no mention of it. The careful analysis of the two title pages (the fake and the genuine one) from a historic and bibliographic point of view, led us to identify another typographic forgery in Blaj.
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The paper tryes to determine the problem of informational-bibliographicaxiology, which has the eternal purpose of helping to know existing values, to conditionthe achievement and creation of new values in all fields of human activity. The categoriesand notions of informational-bibliographic axiology are specified: information compression,selectivity, evaluation, ordering, systematization, indexing, reflection, orientation
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This chapter attempts to summarize the principles of preparing scientific speeches accompanied by presentations that enable speakers to better communicate research findings, argue persuasively, and build their reputation. It also includes information on mistakes that make it difficult for the audience to follow such speeches. Presentations should be carefully planned, both in terms of contents and visual aids, so that they are attractive for researchers at different stages of their careers and resonate with different types of audience members. Information should always be selected in a way that helps the audience achieve cognitive ease. Although the structure of a presentation is similar to that of a research article, it also includes elements of building rapport with and maintaining the attention of the audience. The chapter lists the principles one should follow when planning a presentation. They are derived from scientific knowledge on how the human brain processes information, mainly dual coding theory, i.e., processing information using visual and verbal systems, and multimedia learning theory, from which detailed principles are derived for reducing extraneous information processing, managing the processing of essential information, and fostering generative processing, through which listeners organize and integrate information. Based on these principles, detailed guidelines are developed, for example, concerning the amount of text and images per slide, the relationship between written text and images and the spoken word, font size, and even the colors used on slides. The following methods were used in the chapter: bibliographic review, critical review of literature, and heuristic method.
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