![Задълбочено изследване на устойчивостта на българските ферми](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2018_44072.jpg)
We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The subject of the analysis was a new contract in polish legal system – the contract of help by harvests – and sources of motivation to create this agreement. The goal of research was particularly the answer on question: why contract of help by harvests was legally defined as civil law contract, despite of fact that it has all essential attributes, which are relevant to contract of work.
More...
The objective is to provide a systematization of concepts connected with sustainable development of agriculture (SDA) as the basis for indication of directions of changes in Polish agriculture. The author applied descriptive and comparative analyses based on a survey of the literature to indicate the differences between the described concepts. Both sustainable agricultural and rural development (SARD) and multifunctional rural development (MRD) could be connected with reduced agricultural production, which would bring positive and negative environmental consequences. The multifunctional agriculture cannot exist without production, so it is more favourable for SD, however it should be based on environmental requirements. Then it is close to sustainable agriculture. Considering these concepts, the author formulated and used his own definition of the SDA and its objectives. The sensitive rule of sustainability with secured critical natural capital is the proper one for agriculture in Poland. Currentl , Polish agriculture is in dual development (industrialisation and sustainable transition). For the SDA, the support for agriculture should be conditioned by compliance with basic environmental standards and by provision of public goods. It depends on properly directed and effectively implemented environmental and economic measures of the CAP.
More...
The geographic location and the combination of natural and climatic conditions in the Black Sea region are comparatively favorable for cereals and sunflower seeds production and trade. The region offers a diverse picture of macroeconomic policies that affect agricultural production. This raises the question of the impact of government policies on price levels and price risk rates faced by agricultural producers in Black Sea region countries. The purpose of this paper is to make a comparative assessment of price levels, price risk and the impact of macroeconomic policies on these variables for wheat, maize and sunflower growers on the basis of particular concept of price risk. The survey covers the period 2007-2014. The risk levels in Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Turkey were measured by a coefficient of variation for the prices. In order to assess the impact of government policies on price levels, a Nominal Protection Ratio was used. The impact of world prices on producer prices has been assessed.
More...
Providing food security is a top issue of agricultural economics in a global scale. Although Ukraine helps other countries become more food secure through its exports of wheat, corn, barley, and sunflower, low per capita income levels create challenges for Ukrainians to keep their diet nutrition balance in animal food basket. The research objective supposed applying mathematical apparatus to support solving this problem. The offered consumption optimization model has been developed to ensure inelastic customers’ food preferences by animal products subject to income and calories constraints. The proposed econometric models have been designed to project broiler, pork, eggs, milk, and beef productions. Complex implementation of the set mathematical models maintained the tool to analyze scenarios by expected export/import and demands for grain and oilseed crops used for feed in animal husbandry. The results of this research provide state authorities, livestock and poultry producers, Ukrainian consumers and other interested parties with management guidance focused on developing animal husbandry in the presence of income, as well as animal product price variability.
More...
Organic farming, agritourism and wildlife are the foundation of the development of the food industry, agriculture and tourism sector. In the past years, the harmony between them is a task for both manufacturers/ retailers and end-users. The increased interest in creating and developing an agritourism market through the use of organic products in the Republic of Bulgaria requires a unified system that guarantees the quality of the offered tourist product. This draws attention to the certification and labeling of bioproducts in agritourism and leads to the need to ensure high control and guarantees of compliance with the rules and regulations.
More...
The relevance of creating clusters is due to the fact that there is a need to switch to an innovative type of development. To increase the competitiveness of products and introduce innovations into production, the cluster is defined as a system of interrelated forms of various agricultural enterprises. In most countries, cluster development policy is an organizational form of industrial integration. Effective functioning of clusters leads to economic growth and increased competitiveness of the region economy. The main goal of the work is to consider the possibility of introducing a cluster and make a forecast of its effectiveness for the agriculture of the Kyrgyz Republic, on the basis of the chosen methodology. To achieve the objectives of the work, the following tasks were set and accomplished: review the theoretical aspects of the issue under research, conducting a SWOT analysis of the Chui oblast from the point of view of developing an agro-industrial cluster in it, calculate the clustering coefficients, choose a model for calculating cluster implementation efficiency, and propose a scheme for forming an agro-industrial cluster. The ability to create a cluster is calculated using the synergistic effect method. Methods of logical, statistical analysis ere also used. The calculations show that the cumulative effect of factors leads to increased opportunities to create a cluster, and possibly in the future, will contribute to the effective development of the region and its international expansion. It is also confirmed that with the introduction of the cluster, the speed of agricultural development in the region will increase.
More...
In recent years, the use of agricultural land, organic agriculture and local products as a means of rural development has begun to gain importance. In order to achieve rural development, the presence of rural areas must be maintained. For this, rural areas should continue to exist as agricultural land. The people living in the rural areas have less economic and social facilities than the urban people. Increasing the employment opportunities in the rural areas by reducing the difference of socio-cultural and economic development between city and rural by providing the economic contribution to the local people by cultivating their own products. Immigration to the city is prevented and the living standards of the people in the countryside are raised. In this research, The impact of local products on rural development is discussed.
More...
A considerable increase in prices for raw milk in Russia in 2013-2015 and the support for beginner farmers had an impact on improving the intensity of production in the dairy cattle breeding. However, due to the high share of the population’s households in the structure of milk production (about 45%) and its low marketability (about 34%), there is a deficit and dependence on import. At the same time, the tempos of the growth of prices for raw milk cannot provide producers with development due to the delay of cost increase, reduction of the consumer demand and high price competition with exporters from Belarus. All this is a consequence of the lack of an efficient system of re-allocating the created value between sectors of the dairy products subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation, the servicing area, and trade. The creation of agro-industrial clusters in regions will solve such problems as the non-participation of the state in regulating the price formation on the milk and dairy products market, the lack of a transparent mechanism to stipulate the retail price for dairy products, infrastructure problems, innovative and investment development, etc. The research allowed us to substantiate the possibility of creating a dairy products cluster in the Saratov Region. Forming a logistic model and comparing algorithms of commodity circulation, it was determined that functioning of the cluster would exclude duplication of production and marketing functions and reduce the total costs by more than 40% on average. Prerequisites will be made to increase production volumes, to develop the infrastructure of the region and rural areas, and to increase the population’s employment, which will make up a huge social and economic effect at the minimal cost.
More...
Study was conducted in the area of comparative dairy efficiency and finding the most effective farms that can be used by less effective farms and new dairy farms to increase their outputs and use inputs in more productive ways. We used the data of dairy farms for 2015 provided by National Committee on Statistics of Kazakhstan upon our request to perform this research and applied Data Envelope Analysis (DEA). The closest to the efficiency boundary was the dairy farm with a value of 0.66 (milk production 3 573 tons per year with the following top expenses: feed $400K; depreciation $200K and salary $142.424). Based on super-efficiency factors farm No 3 which produced 762,1 tons of milk per year with the cost closest to min mean was found as the most effective one among others. The least efficient was farm no 1 produced the most amounts of milk but with higher than average expenses. Based on the literature-based review the concept of dairy efficiency was developed, showing the linkage between inputs such as feed, salary, depreciation, energy and others. Further analysis can show the geographic and climatic similarity or the identity of the management system of reference, distribution of feed and tied inefficient pre-regions. Proceeding from this, it is possible to develop and make management decisions that allow inefficient enterprises to become effective companies.
More...
A social market economy is predicated on the principle that sustainable development is possible only if there is a solid focus on key economic, social, and environmental issues. The purpose of the research reported in this paper is to explore the outcomes of market reforms related to the shift to a green economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The findings from the authors’ study indicate that today the Kazakh economy is one of the world’s most energy intensive economies, which is due to the use of outmoded infrastructure, technology, and standards, most of which were inherited from as early as the Soviet period. As a result of its market reforms, Kazakhstan has experienced tangible economic growth, but the nation’s environmental indicators remain a serious concern in relation to the health of its citizens. In the Environmental Performance Index (EPI), Kazakhstan has fallen far behind not only most developed market-oriented countries but some of the developing nations that used to be part of the former Soviet Union as well, like Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Turkmenistan, and others. To galvanize the process of shifting to a “green” economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan, it may help to implement some of the new instruments that have been employed as part of environmental policy in certain market-oriented countries and have proven to be efficient. These instruments and approaches include environmental taxes and levies, permit trading systems, deposit return systems, environmentally motivated subsidies, and organizations and enterprises displaying a willing, voluntary attitude toward improving their environmental performance.
More...
This article notes that one of the real sectors of the economy contributing to the development of Kazakhstan is agriculture. In this regard one of the priorities of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the accelerated sustainable development of agriculture on the basis of tax methods of regulation of agricultural producers. Taxes are one of the most important economic regulators, the basis of financial and credit mechanism of state regulation of economic sectors including agriculture. It is obvious that the success of economic reform in Kazakhstan depends to a large extent on the directions in which the transformation of the tax system of the country will go, how much the tax policy of the state will meet the requirements of the development of socially important sectors of the economy.
More...
Food security is one of the main objectives of the agrarian and economic policy of the state. In its general form, it forms the vector of movement of any national food system to an ideal state. Analysis of indicators of the state of the food market and the provision of the population with food, the selection of the most optimal of them for making effective management decisions is an important task in developing a strategy for ensuring the country's food security. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to assess food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article analyses the statistical data of the Republic of Kazakhstan on ensuring food security in the country.
More...
The goal of this study is to verify the correlation between the industrial organisation and the profitability of the food industry in Japan. Our analysis shows the profitability of each upstream, midstream, and downstream industry us-ing the concept of the smile curve. A quantitative analysis was performed using the B-to-B rate and operating income margins of 32 industrial classifications. The results indicate that the profitability of midstream industries is lower than that of downstream food industries.
More...
The study presents findings from thirty cases of organic product European retailers and identifies the potential enablers of collaborative network development on this food industry niche market and the barriers that currently restrict its adoption at a large scale. In the present paper, using fsQCA, we examine how competitors’ perceive the usefulness of a collaborative network on the organic market niche, how their perceived compatibility of a retailers’ business model and how their perceived risks connected to commitment to the collaborative network affect the wider adoption of collective networks, using empirical data from a sample of 30 European retailers of organic food products. The findings reveal that a combination of high usefulness, low compatibility of the business models and low perceived risk is a sufficient condition for the development of a collaborative network on the food industry organic market niche.
More...
The aim of the article is to present selected innovative tourism products located in the metropolitan area of Krakow. The article also presents the essence of the concepts of innovativeness and innovative product and it characterizes Krakow Metropolitan Area. The article is based on the desk research method and selected publications on tourism, metropolitan areas and tourism products. It makes references to strategic documents concerning the metropolita area of Krakow and includes national and regional statistics. The final part of the article presents selected tourism products which can be used by the inhabitants (tourists) of the metropolita area of Krakow.
More...
In a world where the scarce resources are limiting our choices, the importance of institutions as good practices is crucial for a long-term development perspective, irrespective of the economic sector where they are applied. In such context, we reiterate the importance of the primary sector in the equation of sustainable development with a particular focus on the existing good practices in Romanian agricultural profile that support sustainability trend in all its hypostases. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the manner in which the existing institutional framework from Romania, formal and informal, is supporting the activity of agricultural cooperatives, perceived as successful patterns of economic activity, in order to assess the real contribution of Romania’s regulations to the process of long-term development.
More...
For agriculture, precision farming represents the future - by increasing incomes and reducing the environmental burden at the same time. Precision management produces surpluses in yields, revenue, and profits, but not immediately. The additional income potential is expected to increase by 20% to 50%. Farmers mostly introduce precision farming in order to relieve workers. Although many farmers are afraid of using new technologies, the use of information technology in agriculture will be unavoidable. However, technology is fundamentally expensive, it is not widespread, and farmers currently use only a few elements of the technology available. Moreover, following the precautionary principle, technology used in farming covers only a part of their agricultural land. So farmers need to learn to produce more precisely than before, in a knowledge-based way.
More...
The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical The Village Credit Institutions "Lembaga Perkreditan Desa" (herein after abbreviated to as Village Credit Institution)‟ in Bali has a unique organizational culture. It owned by traditional villages in Bali are able to compete with other modern banking. This scientific work discusses sustainable competitive advantage management and the values of the organizational culture that strengthens of Village Credit Institution get the trust of the people of Bali, able to compete with modern banking institutions. The result of the research shows that a sustainable competitive advantage management strategy coupled with the awig-awig strength in the Village Credit Institution as a medium for the role of community discipline, padengelahang's attitude is able to build the confidence of local villagers and the strength of the human resource role in menyame braye as an effort to build shared values..
More...