Vojno-geografska analiza područja odgovornosti Operativne grupe Sjever Zbornoga područja Split u operaciji „Oluja”

Author(s): Marin Sabolović,Krešimir Samodol / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2015

The first stage of the Croatian War of Independence ended with the international recognition of the Republic of Croatia. In the early 1992 the second stage of the war began. During the second stage, the Croatian Army began liberating the occupied territory and that culminated with the military operations in 1995. The military operations were carried out on previously determined battlefields, and among those the most important one was held in the area surrounding the capital of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (RSK). Battlefield or area of operations included an area of responsibilities assigned to a unit, the surrounding territory that can affect the military operations and the airspace directly above it. The surrounding area of the Knin battlefield included the mountain range Dinara with its karst features and distinctive vertical division. The specific configuration of the Knin valley enabled the implementation of the digital military and geographical analysis which included the analysis of inclination or the ability to move operation techniques and personnel, analysis of exposure or the potential of protection and clandestinety of the relief and other specific secondary analysis such as tank operational mobility. The object of this work is to create a digital model for the operational areas, and its aimsare based on the DTM show of the military and geographical features of Knin and its surrounding areas.

Dobrogea în epoca otomană: kazaua Hârșova (sec. XVI)

Author(s): Anca Popescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XXXIII/2015

The Ottoman chancery documents, such as defters, orders, regulations, are a key source for studying Dobrudja under Ottoman rule, revealing its administrative, military and economic structures. This paper draws on toponymical, topographical and administrative information taken from eight Ottoman registers, all dating from the sixteenth century. The toponymy and the rural habitat are interpreted from a long-time perspective, assessing the continuity between the Ottoman and the pre-Ottoman structures. The Dobrudja case is also placed in the larger image of the dynamics of the Ottoman rural landscape. This article identifies both military and non-military Ottoman institutions in Dobrudja, such a vozar, derbendci, ellici, gümrükçi, müsellem, akıncı. Consequently, it proposes a comparative analysis between the Ottoman power structures and the previous, imperial, Byzantine ones. A chronological and cartographic inventory of the human settlements in Ottoman Dobrudja argues for a reconsideration of their synchronic and diachronic evolution.

European Border Cities as Cross-border Cooperation Engines

Author(s): Constantin Toca / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2015

A general research on the works related to the European border cities reveals the fact that scholars do not so frequently approach this matter. One of these very rare sources, that of Decoville, Durand and Feltgen2 considers the border cities from a new and very intersting perspective for the former communist countries: that of de-marginalisation of the border urban areas, of an upgrading of the status of peripheral regions, and, in the end, of the dynamisation of their economic and cultural life by their very easy to establish external relations in the framework of the process of cross-border cooperation. In the context of the greater consideration allotted to the problem of borders and cross-border cooperation in the EU, consecrating an entire issue of Eurolimes to the role of the border cities could be considered as an act of reparation to these urban areas, to their ethnic diversity, multicultural sophistication, political role in key situations, or economical potential for their communities and even region or country.

Sarajevo – A Border City Caught between Its Multicultural Past, the Bosnian War and a European Future

Author(s): Miruna Troncota / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2015

The analysis is devoted to the city of Sarajevo and its turbulent history as being an illustrative case for how political borders have been symbolically reconstructed on ethnic lines in the Balkans for the last five centuries. Key historical periods such as the Austro-Hungarian period, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and next the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Olympic Games, the war and the Dayton Peace Agreement including its aftermath shall be discussed in turn. Some of the most significant events that have shaped the history of the 20th century have directly marked the city of Sarajevo and they tackle some of the most intricate issues that dominate European history as a whole such as national belonging, political ideologies, and religious beliefs. Several milestones can be traced in this regard: the beginning of the first World War, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the second World War, Tito's political vision and the prosperous era of socialist Yugoslavia, the dissolution of Yugoslavia and violent ethnic war, the period of peace building and post-conflict reconstruction which is still ongoing. The aim of the study is to analyse the events and patterns which might have contributed to changes in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s capital city. The main argument that the analysis tries to put forward is that the post-conflict Sarajevo's governance structure has maintained and institutionalised the ethnic divisions and political differences in the country and city’s reality.

Border / Frontier Cities: Between Communication and Fragmentation

Author(s): Ioan Horga,Ana-Maria Costea / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2015

The globalisation phenomenon led to the relaxation of borders all over the world. But, at the same time it generated the appearance of invisible frontiers which may create deeper fragmentations inside the society. Apart from the national states, the cities are also markers of identity and places where the ethnic, religious, social, economic differences are more sensible. The present article tackles the issue of frontier / border cities in order to highlight the differences between them and to analyse how the border / frontier affect their development.

Повече от литература: някои аспекти на конструиране на идентичността в светлината на унгарско- румънските отношения в Трансилвания

Author(s): Eva Blenesi / Language(s): Issue: 1/2005

From the perspective of cultural studies, Transylvania as a region, appears in different narratives as a constellation of symbolic geography and collective identities where culture and history shape each other and the representatives of different ethnic groups bound by their “imagined communities” and “invented traditions” are also rooted - at a deeper level in more “primordial” patterns of identities, myths beliefs, cultural fantasies.One of the key questions that the current paper raises is that to what extend can artists and different works of art belonging to the Hungarian literature or fine arts in Transylvania successfully meet all those challenges that faces them while in one hand they are expected to assume the role of being the key promoters of nation building and at the same time to correspond to those expectations of complex systems of values which are universally valid irrespective of geographical location or national belonging.

EXPERIENŢA CARANTINEI DUNĂRENE ÎN TEXTELE CĂLĂTORILOR STRĂINI

Author(s): Adina Ginghină / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2011

The original writings of several foreign travelers who visited the Romanian Principalities provided us with important information about the Danubian quarantine established at the mouth of the Danube (or in Dobrudja) in the 19th century. The works of David Urquhart, Henri Abdolonyme Ubicini, James Henry Skene, Adolphe Joanne, P.D. Holthaus, Valentine Mott, as well as the writings of Karl Otto Ludwig von Armin included in the series of foreign travelers about the Romanian Principalities in the 19th century, managed to portray the manner in which the quarantine was organized and how disinfection measures were applied to both people and goods.

Az egykori Külső-Szolnok–Kővár vidéki Unitárius Egyházkör településeinek térinformatikai alapú adatbázisa

Author(s): Sándor Selinger / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2015

This paper presents the evolution of the Greater Szolnok–Kővár Unitarian District and its congregations between 1571 and the fi rst part of the 17th century.The spatial unfolding of these changes are analyzed, as well as the changes of the Transylvanian administrative districts. A Graphical Information System (GIS), together with data from Unitarian historical sources, are used to create a series of maps showing these changes over time.The paper examines thirty-one settlements (towns and villages) mentioned in Unitarian sources. For sixteen of these, there is evidence both of the existence of Unitarian congregations in the sixteenth century, including the length of time these congregations existed. For each of the other fi ft een towns, there was either no evidence of a Unitarian congregation, or the there was no record of the duration of its existence.

Badania ułożenia klastów w glinach morenowych jako element rekonstrukcji kierunków transportu lodowego w obszarze między Piotrkowem Trybunalskim, Radomskiem a Przedborzem

Author(s): Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 103/2015

The article presents the results of measurements of the longer axes orientation in the morainic tills at 11 sites and 12 outcrops in zones I–IV of the glacigenic forms in the area between Piotrków Trybunalski, Radomsko and Przedbórz. Zone III located in the western part of the said area corresponds to the well-recognised Widawka lobe in the Łódź region. Zones I, II and IV in the eastern part of the study area associated with the hypothetic Pilica-Luciąża lobe (S part of the Rawka lobe) and both coming from the Warta ice-sheet. Measurements of fabric clasts in zone III proved that the ice sheet has arrived from NNW and NW (330º–340º). In zones I, II, and IV transgression came from the NNE and NE (357º–52º). The lobe reached the Kamieńsk–Rzejowice–Przedbórz line. In the Łódź hump, the meridian belt between Kamieńsk and Łódź fabric tills are of various orientation interpreted as a confluence of the two lobes.

Ratio Civilis: The Central European Experience of the Early Modern City

Author(s): Ferenc Hörcher / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2019

Dél-Szlovákia gazdasági helyzete a koronavírus árnyékában

Author(s): Zsolt Horbulák / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2022

The study deals with the impact of the coronavirus in 16 districts of southern Slovakia. The first part of the paper outlines the impact of the pandemic on the Slovak economy. In the beginning, attempts were made to slow the spread of the epidemic by limiting contacts between people. This had a significant negative impact on supply chains and affected all countries in the developed world. The measures have had the most negative impact on services. Economic performance declined, unemployment and later inflation increased. This was also felt in southern Slovakia. The area is an integral part of the country, with many of the largest companies located in the region analysed. Despite this, the 16 districts of southern Slovakia are collectively lagging behind the national average. It is true that there are significant regional disparities, but the development gap between West and East is significant. Taking unemployment, industry salaries and business productivity into account, it can be said that southern Slovakia is still one of the most backward regions in Slovakia. In view of the lower level of development, it is difficult to determine to what extent this is due to the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus, but it can be stated that the current situation makes it difficult for southern Slovakia to catch up.

Térátmenetek – a város és pereme

Author(s): János Balázs Kocsis / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2023

The relationship between the city and its vicinity has been undergoing a fundamental change, calling many old approaches into question, and challenging local societies and decision-makers. The regions of East-Central Europe have several specificities that render it difficult to adopt traditional western approaches and procedures. This article attempts to interpret peri-urban developments by incorporating local features and transcending the dichotomy of town and countryside.

Nógrády Árpád: Sáros vármegye

Author(s): Zoltán Magyar / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2023

The latest volume of the Historical Geography of Árpád-period Hungary series (a two-volume publication including a monograph and a map supplement) is about the formation and historical geography of the former Sáros (Slovak: Šariš) county.

Możliwości identyfikacji reliktów wyludnionych wiejskich jednostek osadniczych i przekształceń zachodzących w ich obrębie w świetle nieinwazyjnych metod i technik badawczych – studium wsi Bartki z terenu dawnych Prus Wschodnich

Author(s): Anna Majewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 169/2022

The article tackles the issue of the identification of relics and type of transformations in the rural cultural landscape of Warmia and Masuria, which took place as a result of the depopulation of localities due to the course and consequences of World War II. The incorporation of the southern part of East Prussia into Poland in 1945 initiated a number of social, economic, and cultural changes. Above all, the region was affected by huge migratory movements. These started with the hurried escape of the local civilian population fleeing from the Red Army that conquered the area in the winter of 1944–1945. Subsequently, the displacement of the German people and the unstable political situation that made it difficult to maintain habitation contributed to the depopulation of hundreds of villages, manor houses, foresters’ lodges, and small settlements. Today, in Poland’s incorporated part of former East Prussia, there are about 788 abandoned localities. The extent to which the rural landscape has changed as a result of the total depopulation of hundreds of settlement units has not yet been determined. The purpose of the research was to diagnose the processes that occurred in the material structure of the landscape of Warmia and Masuria after the continuity of habitation had been interrupted, based on data collected due to on-site prospections, searches, and spatial analyses. The elaboration presents possibilities for identifying transformations that occur after depopulation on the basis of the results of multifaceted spatial analyses carried out with the use of GIS tools. Particularly noteworthy is the use of detailed elevation data obtained from airborne laser scanning, which data largely condition not only identification of surface relics but also the degree of degradation of rural structures. The issues concerning the diagnosis of transformations are discussed using, as an example, the study of one of the depopulated localities – Bartki – a former settlement that lies in Olecko County (Warmia-Masuria Province).

Ocena wiarygodności części tzw. szkiców parafialnych Karola Perthéesa na przykładzie sieci osadniczej powiatu gostyńskiego

Author(s): Tomasz Królik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2022

This article evaluates the reliability of a part of the Geograficzno-statystyczne opisanie parafiów Królestwa Polskiego (Geographical-Statistical Description of the Parishes of the Kingdom of Poland, called Parish Sketches) on the example of the settlement network of the then Gostynin County (Greater Poland Province). The area under examination was made up of three deaneries with 23 parishes. Settlement network data were collected from the selected verification maps, and then a common database with all the acquired information was developed. The analysed Parish Sketches were compared with the special map of the Poznań Province and other cartographic materials in terms of their content. The resulting quantitative and qualitative analyses made it possible to assess the correctness of the Parish Sketches as a source document for developing a special map.

Atlas historyczny Polski w badaniach nad średniowiecznym osadnictwem Polski. Związki Atlasu ze Słowikiem historyczno-geograficznym ziem polskich w średniowieczu

Author(s): Marta Piber-Zbieranowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2022

This article presents the relationship between two monumental series developed at the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences – the Historical Atlas of Poland and the Historical-Geographical Dictionary of the Polish Lands in the Middle Ages. From this perspective, the author presents the idea of their development, conceptual assumptions and the history of institutional relations. A separate part is devoted to analysing the use of the Atlas in the compilation of the Diction

Two eighteenth century cartographic sources used for the construction of a historical GIS database dedicated to Transylvania

Author(s): Andrei Nacu / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2023

The article presents the creation of a regional historical GIS database derived from two eighteenth century maps of the Principality of Transylvania, an eastern province of the Habsburg Empire at the time. The research was focused on an area in the southern part of the principality marked by the presence of the Transylvanian Saxons, the ethnic German descendants of the colonists invited to settle here by the kings of Hungary during the High Middle Ages. The extracted features were assembled in four vector layers (two point layers and two line layers) and were subsequently published online on a free data repository (Harvard Dataverse).

Lindleys’ Map of Warsaw (1:2,500) as a tool for understanding the urban space preservation

Author(s): Katarzyna Słomska-Przech / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2022

The article focuses primarily on the 1:2,500 Lindleys’ map (1897–1901), one of the results of the cartographic work undertaken in connection with the development of the Warsaw sewage and waterways system. The map served as a basis for the edition of urban plots presented in the source. The obtained spatial data enabled comparing the stability of urban plot borders established at the turn of the twentieth century against current geodetic data.

Piotr Oliński: Pogoda i klimat regionów południowobałtyckich od końca XIV do początków XVI w. w źródłach narracyjnych, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2022

Author(s): Aleksander Smalianczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2022

Book review: Piotr Oliński: Pogoda i klimat regionów południowobałtyckich od końca XIV do początków XVI w. w źródłach narracyjnych, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2022, pp. 299, 3 maps

Nesonim Dugi otok

Author(s): Vlado Skračić / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 4/2017

Dugi otok is the only large inhabited Adriatic island with a name composed of two words, with a Croatian name and with a noun island (Croat. otok) in it. Almost all of the linguists and historians agree that the island was first mentioned by Constantine the Porphyrogenitus (10th cent.) as Pizych, which can nowadays be recognised in place names Čuh and Čuh Polje on Dugi otok near Proversa. By the disappearance of that settlement the name was forgotten, but none of the names of newly founded settlements did not become the nesonym, as frequently occurred elsewhere in Croatian nesonymy. In the archival documents and historical maps the island is usually identified by the Romance compound word: geographical term insula/isola + determinant Magna, Maiori, Grossa, Grande, Longa. The island was named Dugi only in the latter half of the 19th century. Neither the nesonym Dugi otok, the ethnic Dugootočanin nor the ktetic dugootočki are used outside the official usage.