Биоразнообразието - фактор за развитието на туризма

Author(s): Todorka Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century tourism plays a minor role in the development of biodiversity. However, after the adoption of the strategic document „Agenda 21 “, а very tangible progress in this regard has been аchieved as sustainable tourism is included as one of the structurally important sectors in the economy. The Committee on Sustainable Development at the UN is mandated to develop an international action program, oriented towards effective work in the field of conservation and expansion of biodiversity. A lot of other organizations like the World Tourism Organization (WTO), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and others have an active attitude to this international program.

Sistemul de planificare spaţială în Germania. Planificarea în criză?

Author(s): Irina Caretu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Lucrarea de faţă îşi propune să prezinte structura sistemului ierarhic de planificare spaţială în Germania, dezvoltând fiecare nivel de planificare şi anume planificarea la nivel federal, la nivel de Land, la nivel de regiune şi la nivel de comună, prezentând mai apoi şi Legislaţia specială a planificării urbane, capitol care include următoarele subteme: Măsuri de reabilitare urbană, Măsuri de dezvoltare urbană, Restructurare urbană, Oraşul social şi Ordonanţa de conservare. Următorul capitol îşi propune să încerce să răspundă la întrebarea dacă actualmente planificarea spaţială în Germania trece printr-o perioadă de criză, aducând o serie de argumente în acest sens. Astfel că acest capitol se împarte în mai multe subteme printre care se numără şi instrumente de planificare pe timp de criză şi sarcinile de viitor ale planificării spaţiale. Mai apoi lucrarea dezvoltă teoria formulată de Christensen în anul 1985 privind comportamentul în faţa nesiguranţei în procesul de planificare. Christensen, tematizează necesitatea ca planificatorul (urbanistul) să joace rolul de comunicator, mediator. El trebuie să se lupte nu numai cu o nesiguranţă analitică în procesul de planificare, dar şi cu o nesiguranţă sistematică. Planificatorii înţeleg nesiguranţa ca fiind principalul obstacol în procesul de planificare, încercând să o reducă, iar Christensen propune în primul rând o înţelegere mai bună a calcului nesiguranţei la nivel de planificare spaţială. Ultimul capitol abordează planificarea participativă, acest subiect fiind pus în discuţie pentru prima oară în Germania în anii 60, în ziua de azi discuţia participării cetăţenilor la marile decizii în ceea ce priveşte planificarea fiind un nou indicator democratic, formulând centrul noilor metode de planificare în Germania. Din păcate însă participarea este actualmente înţeleasă ca un elemnt ce deranjează, constrânge aşa zisa bună desfăşurare a proceselor de planificare, procesul de paticipare presupunând şi mai mult timp, personal şi bani.

Le littoral sud-ouest de Madagascar : une zone d’accueil et de départ. Nouvelles mobilités et nouveaux enjeux!

Author(s): Francis Veriza / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Le projet d’article, que je propose ici, est une étude sur les dynamiques socio-territoriales à l’oeuvre dans le village de pêcheurs du littoral Sud-Ouest de Madagascar, Andavadoake. Les critères d’identification de cette zone sont basés : d’une part sur les règles de résidence traditionnelles c’est-à-dire la présence de cimetière(s) et de hazomanga (poteau rituel) rendant palpable l’identité des groupes, et d’autre part, sur l’émergence des migrants venant de l’intérieur de terre, et la « pullulation » de projet de développement/ conservation dans la région. Si depuis des années la côte sud-ouest malgache a été occupée majoritairement par les pêcheurs Vezo, elle accueille désormais des différents types migrants que certains se convertissent en pêcheurs et d’autres introduisent des nouvelles activités et nouvelles pratiques en adoptant du nouveau mode de vie. Cette situation provoque des désordres sociétaux : conflit entre les usagers des ressources, vente de terre, non respect des anciens…Mon propos consiste donc à réfléchir sur l’avenir de cette zone littorale face à son « statut multiple » : à la fois une « terre d’accueil » pour les étrangers et une « terre de départ » pour les « autochtones » Vezo. De ce fait, la question à laquelle nous cherchons à répondre est: pourquoi les tompontanà, (propriétaire du village) préfèrent migrer, et laisser leur territoire à ces nouveaux venus ? Le déplacement saisonnier était une stratégie utilisé par les pêcheurs vezo pour échapper aux dangers (traite d’esclaves, colonisation, insécurité,…). Avec le temps, cette pratique est devenue une tradition et ils la pratiquent d’une manière systématique pour trouver des endroits plus productifs.

Planificare şi cercetare pentru dezvoltare urbană durabilă şi competitivă

Author(s): Vera Marin,Mircea ENACHE,Alina Băileşteanu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Changements climatiques et flux migratoires actuels et futurs : État des lieux et impacts dans le cas de l’Afrique

Author(s): Matouk Belattaf / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

For a long time, attention was paid to migration flows generated by conflicts and economic and political reasons. But migration, for environmental or ecological reasons,is increasingly becoming more and more crescendo. In addition to natural disasters and disasters, globalization and climate change caused by human activities are increasing environmental change and degradation, and therefore associated migration. As a result, environmental migrations, with climate change and their effects, can be considered one of the major global concerns and a major issue in public policy in the current century.The most exposed regions – coastal areas and overcrowded deltas, island countries, Sahel – are pushing people to leave their places of life for more mature spaces. This jeopardizes food and water security, political and economic stability, livelihoods and landscapes. The paper will focus on the following five points: Environmental migrations: some characteristics; Natural and technological disasters and disasters; Impacts of Climate Change; The causes of hunger in the world and COP21 and COP22 as a solution?

Transition énergétique et financement vert : état des lieux et perspectives pour l’Afrique à la lumière des COP21 et COP22

Author(s): Matouk Belattaf,Sylia Belattaf / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The energy transition relates to environmental and climate issues by focusing on global warming to consider the gradual emergence of fossil fuels and the development of renewable energies. Especially since energy is the main GHG emission source at the global level, which makes absolutely necessary the fight against climate change… Where we need to decarbonize the economy The last two international meetings – COP21 and COP22 – have set a goal of limiting global warming to less than + 2° C by the end of the century, which has materialized in the Agreement from Paris. For Africa and other developing countries, it is planned to finance the North for its benefit of USD 100 billion by 2020. In Marrakech, it is decided to catalyze the transition in Africa towards a green economy and to direct capital flows for efficient, sustainable and low-carbon infrastructure projects. The paper will try to highlight the energy transition in the world, its assessment and evolution by region, and green finance. Then focus on the state of play and prospects for Africa, in light of COP21 and COP22.

Meteorologiczne uwarunkowania stężenia radonu w przygruntowej warstwie powietrza w środowisku miejskim i zamiejskim

Author(s): Agnieszka Podstawczyńska / Language(s): English,Polish

Daily and annual dynamics of Rn-222 concentration in near ground air layer are presented in this work. The research area comprised centre of Łódź, outskirts of Kraków (Kraków-Bronowice) and rural area in Ciosny (25 km north of Łódź) and the temporal scope of the analysis covered the period: 2008–2010.

Significant natural and cultural landscapes along the Danube from the springs to the sea

Author(s): Maria Boștenaru Dan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper presents a guided tour of significant natural and cultural landscapes along the Danube from springs to the sea, including those in Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. A cross view to Serbia is provided. Methods included field work and photographic survey, literature research not only in technical papers but also in works of art. The paper highlights which are the UNESCO World Heritage Sites and which is otherwise the protection status of the landscapes. In conclusion a variety of landscape typologies were analysed and set in the context of the definition of the term.

Noworoczny podarek albo o sześciokątnych płatkach śniegu

Author(s): Johannes Kepler / Language(s): Polish

Introduction to the world of Kepler’s geometric deliberations, connected with the discoveries of the following centuries, up to the 20th century. The first Polish translation of the book in which Kepler attempts to deduce fundamental laws of nature from the shape of a snowflake. Kepler believed the Earth had a soul which was involved in, among others, the formation of snowflakes.

Systemy hydrogeochemiczne zlewni górskich o różnej litologii

Author(s): Marzena Szostakiewicz-Hołownia / Language(s): Polish

The author’s concept of the hydrogeochemical system of the mountain catchment referring to the general mathematical theory of systems. The author characterizes the hydrogeochemical conditions of three catchments: of the Tatras, Pieniny and Podhale and describes the processes leading to the removal of rock mass dissolved in water from land areas taking into account a wide range of issues of hydrodynamics, hydrochemistry and mineralogy.

Arii protejate – concepte, tipologii, politici privind biodiversitatea / ariile naturale protejate la nivel european şi în România

Author(s): Oana Catalina Popescu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The chapter explores theconcepts, typology, and policies on biodiversity related to the natural protected areas in Europe and Romania.

Transect urbanism and form-based codes

Author(s): Farah Nizam / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This presentation aims to provide an overview of the urban transect and the smart code approaches. It casts the light on the importance of this approach and its role in enhancing the urban life in general. Also, it presents some international examples applied in this field.

CONTRIBUTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH MANAGEMENT OF AGE-FRIENDLY URBANISM

Author(s): Ivana Šandrk Nukić,Danijela Rogina / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper presents the research whose aim was to investigate age-friendly urbanism characteristics and answer the question: Does managing the creation of age-friendly environments lead to sustainable development goals? Applying theoretical scientific methods like induction, deduction, analysis, classification, and description, a review of relevant scientific literature and legislative and strategic publications has been conducted. In addition to that, the case of the City of Osijek has been studied. The introduction of the paper presents aging and increased urbanization as two significant forces shaping living in the 21st century. Building onto those presumptions, age-friendly cities have been defined as those that foster healthy and active aging by enabling the more extraordinary functional ability for elderly citizens. The second chapter reveals characteristics of modern cities, emphasizing polycentricity to maintain humanity and functionality even in fast emerging megacities. Additionally, given the impact that increased urbanization has on sustainable development, the effect of sustainable development goals has been pointed out. The third chapter reviews the existing body of knowledge of age-friendly environments, encompassing municipal services, the social environment, and the physical environment. It also reflects on person-environment fit and elaborates the importance of the right to the city.

Skrypt do ćwiczeń z limnologii fizycznej

Author(s): Adam Choiński,Mariusz Ptak / Language(s): Polish

“Script for physical limnology workshops” describes the basic issues concerning processes and phenomena occurring in lakes; referring to among others chemical and physical parameters of lake waters, dynamics of water masses, and morphological-geological conditions of their functioning. Due to the broad scope of the research, the discipline benefits from methods developed by climatology, geology, physics, chemistry, etc. The script is primarily addressed to students of environmental majors. It also points to ways of solving selected research problems through designated example tasks. This knowledge provides the basis for further detailed and frequently interdisciplinary studies of lake ecosystems.

Zróżnicowanie roślinności łąkowej i ziołoroślowej Doliny Górnej Wisły i jej znaczenie w ochronie przyrody

Author(s): Justyna Michniok,Zbigniew Wilczek,Magdalena Zarzycka,Wojciech Zarzycki / Language(s): Polish

The book presents the characteristics of meadow and herb plants occurring in the Upper Vistula Valley. The significance of the vegetation in nature protection has been determined by the assessment of the share of protected vascular plant species and alien plant species which pose a threat to the phytocoenoses under investigation. Plant communities have been identified as Natura 2000 natural habitats and it has been proposed to create new protected areas to preserve the best-developed patches of vegetation studied.

Adatfeldolgozás alapjai R-rel. Alkalmazások a környezettudományban

Author(s): Andrea Rebeka Zsigmond / Language(s): Hungarian

This book is designed for students involved with environmental science studies. It is a useful guide for them to become acquainted with R, which is a free software for statistical analyses and data processing. Today, R is accepted and widely used in the scientific community. The main reason of its popularity is the boundless possibilities R gives for users through the packages developed by statisticians all over the world. The book contains eight chapters, at first providing information about the basics of statistics and experimental design in the environmental sciences. The following chapters present the language of R and the main commands for handling a data frame and constructing simple plots such as histograms, box plots, or scatter plots. Through chapters three to seven, the distributions of continuous and discrete data and the most relevant hypothesis testing procedures are detailed. This part is the core of the book, which provides an expansively treated knowledge for the reader to feel themselves confident in processing experimental data with R in a scientific manner. The eighth chapter is dedicated to regression analysis. This chapter presents the linear regression and the generalized linear models confined to one independent variable. The book relies on a comprehensive bibliography containing Hungarian, English, and Romanian scientific articles and books. For students who want to deepen their English statistical language, The R Book (Crawley, 2013) is highly recommended. There are also some books written in Romanian language that are also recommended: Analiza statistică folosind limbajul R (Păun Păun 2009) and Noţiuni de statistică aplicată cu exemple în R (Păun 2016). For learners, it is recommended to pass through the chapters chronologically because the knowledge the book gives is logically constructed. For those who are familiarized with the statistical tools, the book can be used as a handbook for finding a useful solution in R for the given problem.

VÝZKUM ÚZEMNÍHO A PROSTOROVÉHO PLÁNOVÁNÍ V CESTOVNÍM RUCHU

Author(s): Pavel Attl,Petr Studnička / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the importance of the zoning plan for spatial planning in tourism. One of the most important documents in the European area is the European Charter for Urban Planning, which determines the basic principles and objectives of urban planning in Europe. In the Czech context, the relationship of urban planning and tourism is historically made in the Tourism Regionalization in Czechoslovakia and in revised form under the title Update Toursim Regionalization in CSR and SSR. On the particular example of Čelákovice, the article introduces readers to the preparation and operating procedure of the processing entirely new zoning plan of Čelákovice taking into account its recreational development areas. These are located along the river Elbe, where are the objects of second homes, cycleways and now the brand new wheelchair accessible footbridge over the river is under construction.

Environmentalismus je mrtev – ať žije neo-environmentalismus!

Author(s): Vojtěch Pelikán / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Ambiciózní plány, jak s pomocí supermoderních technologií nadesignovat životní podmínky na Zemi, mohou znít lákavě i leckterému příslušníku ekologického hnutí. Zvláště když se stav globálního ekosystému zdá být čím dál zoufalejší. Na Západě, především ve Spojených státech, se část takto přemítajících jedinců sdružila do proudu takzvaných neo-environmentalistů. Říkají, že bychom měli odhodit sentiment, vzít vážně skutečnost, že jsme už nějaký ten čas pány planety, a raději začít přemýšlet, jak konečně klimatickou změnu porazit.

Understanding the Relationship Between Natural Habitat Loss and Urban Development in Irbid Governorate

Author(s): Anne A. Gharaibeh,Tareq N. Aldela’a / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The global population has grown rapidly, causing urbanization and rural habitat loss. Current research investigates the causes for habitat loss and fragmentation in the Bani-Kinanah County, Irbid, Jordan. It defines loss and fragmentation as natural or anthropogenic separation of green land. It also examines decision-makers' challenges and proposes greenways to reduce habitat loss and fragmentation. The study utilized snowball sampling to interview decision-makers and ArcGIS software to digitize aerial photographs. A literature review and criteria analysis determined greenway and green corridor locations. The study compared digitized aerial photos from 2005 and 2021 for several villages to assess built-up areas, street construction, and ecological natural corridors. Agricultural footprints were also examined. Interviewing the decision-makers revealed that habitat loss and fragmentation are attributed to physical and non-physical factors. they suggested modifications to natural habitat regulations and laws, public awareness of their importance and the causes of fragmentation, and physical interventions to minimize negative effects to prevent habitat fragmentation and loss. This study provides a foundation for understanding habitat fragmentation and loss and proposing solutions. The study recommends community involvement and collaboration with nature/environmental associations to monitor and prevent changes. It also proposes greenways and green corridors to sustain natural habitats.

Transport accessibility and road network load in Poland when faced with flood hazards

Author(s): Szymon Wiśniewski / Language(s): English

The monograph contains the results of research devoted to determining the vulnerability of passenger road transport in Poland by identifying the nature and scale of changes in transport accessibility and changes in the network traffic load in the event of a flood (with different probabilities of occurrence), conducted under the project number 2018/29/B/HS4/01020, financed by the National Science Center in Poland. In the course of the implementation of such formulated main goal of the study, an attempt was made to achieve a group of specific objectives of a cognitive, methodological and application character. The research was conducted mainly on the basis of data on the extent of flood risk areas in Poland and their development, as well as the road network and the development of its neighborhood. The publication may be of interest to researchers dealing with the geography of transport or – more broadly – with socio-economic geography and spatial management. It can also be helpful material for students of study programs that relate to the geography of transport, transport accessibility or spatial mobility in their curriculum. The content of the thesis covers issues that can be used by specialists in crisis management or road infrastructure management in crisis situations related to the occurrence of a flood.