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Analiza warunków glebowych w planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym na obszarach wiejskich

Author(s): Anna Bielska,Adrianna Kupidura,Radosław Rogoziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2012

This study covered the area of four different communes (pol. gmina) in Mazowieckie voivodship (pol. województwo): Boguty, Cegłów, Dębe Wielkie and Zaręby Kościelne. The analysis concerned data on soil conditions, their scope, detail and usefulness for the purposes of drafting local studies of conditions and directions of spatial planning and of local development plans. The criteria which determine the scope and detail of soil conditions data in the studies of conditions and directions of spatial planning and in local development plans were established. With respect to the scope, it was assumed that the required minimum for the purposes of proper terrain management are the following: the type of land use, valuation class, type, soil type and grade, as well as the agricultural suitability complex. With respect to the detail, it was established that soil condition data should be applied in studies with an accuracy that corresponds to a scale of 1:25,000 and in local development plans to a scale of 1:5 000.

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Methods of Determination of a Point where a Gallery Breaks Through a Deposit

Author(s): Roxana Claudia Herbei,Mihai Valentin Herbei,Radu Bertici / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

The problems of underground mining are based on the realization of a stable and precise underground topographic base made under optimum conditions, fulfilling the required conditions can be solved using the vector methods presented in Chapter 6, solving based on analytical, trigonometric and graphical processes. The introduction of an information system for solving the problems of mine penetration in the conditions of using a spatial reference system in optimal conditions of realization of the underground topographic networks of support represents an important contribution in the selection, programming and determination of elements of breaking of mining works performed in optimal conditions, efficient, accurate and economical.

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The Implications of Topography in the Projects of Industrial Infrastructure

Author(s): Ioan Ienciu,Robert Draşovean / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

The industrial objectives are the place of the activity necessary for the production of industrial goods intended for the consumption of the population. Due to the technological progress marked by the evolution of techniques and technology, the production and assembly lines of the industrial product have become increasingly complex including automation components such as conveyor belts, machine tools, manipulating robots, cranes, tunnels and other like these. These components, being connected to each other, require the need for special surveying to be placed in the field.In this context, the topographer engineer is present at every stage of the "life" of an industrial hall, starting with the plot, plotting the axes, positioning the posts in the construction phase, marking it in the cadastral registers, drawing machine tools and auxiliary equipment in its endowment phase, the behavior and deformation of the construction during its exploitation and the deletion of the construction during its demolition.

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The Implementation of Systematic Cadastre in the Commune of Gura Riului, Sector 29, County of Sibiu

Author(s): Eva Koncsag,Petru Loloiu / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

Under the National Cadastre and Land Register Programme launched by the National Agency for Cadastre and Land Registration (ANCPI) in Romania, the systematic registration works initiated by the local territorial units (LAUs) are financed according to the law on cadastre and land registration no. 7/1996 republished with subsequent modifications [1]. Their object are the cadastral sectors within LAUs that include real estate properties outside the built-up areas or, in the absence of land outside built-up areas, at the level of cadastral sectors inside the built-up areas, irrespective of their owner or holder. The aim of the Programme is to accelerate the development and implementation of cadastre in Romania, to register properties into the integrated cadastre and land registry system, free of charge. It is also aimed at developing and implementing the cadastral map of real estate properties and at opening the land registers at the level of all territorial units in order to support the implementation of the new payment schemes in agriculture. Thus, the present paper presents the implementation of systematic cadastre in Sibiu, Gura Riului commune, in sector no. 29.

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Using GIS for the Calculation of Equalization Volumes of Horizontal Platforms

Author(s): Luciana Oprea,Tudor Borşan,Robert Draşovean / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

The lands designated for construction are generally irregular facts that are leading to various constructional malfunctions. These irregularities of the land require leveling works in the form of horizontal or inclined platforms where appropriate. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to calculate the volumes of materials to be used or dislocated in order to carry out the designed works.Thus, the present paper aims at the efficiency of digital modeling in order to equalize a horizontal platform. By digitally modeling the data taken from topographical measurements and making use of the architectural plan, the areas most affected by the altimetry will be easily identified, these areas being subjected to correction works in order to bring them to the level of the design.

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The Role of Models in Cadastre

Author(s): Ion Botnarenco,Efim Zubco / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

The practice of cadastre implementation in the Republic of Moldova made us face an objective reality that later became a scientific issue - the models in the cadastre. This reality has its arguments. It took place in the post-soviet countries.For a long time in the post - soviet countries, the cadastre developed in the conditions of lack of private land ownership, under the conditions of the state monopoly on property. Particular attention was paid to the protection of land resources.In other countries of the EU, the cadastre was developed having the main purpose of protecting land ownership and implementing economic policies.Having different objectives, the reality has given rise to two models in the cadastre which, at the current (contemporary) stage, complete positively one another. At present, all three objectives are up to date for the society.The present study aims to highlight the points of tangency in the content of cadastral models in order to enrich the world cadastral concept by eliminating those negative aspects that cannot be successful for various reasons.

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Comparative Analysis of Specific Deformations Geodetic Reference Systems in Romania

Author(s): Floarea-Maria Brebu,Alina Corina Bălă / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

Based on the theories of Ptolemy emerge so far and Romania various systems cartographic projections: Stereographic 1930, Stereographic 1970 or Universal Transverse Mercator, which are used today. Each of these cartographic projection systems presents both advantages and disadvantages. Analyzing the deformations in the main cartographic projections in our country, using a generic program of transformation of geospatial coordinates from one CRS to another, we can obtain visually appropriate interpretations and make statistics, with the possibility of the percentage, the advantages of using one or the other.Based on the above-mentioned criterion, the scientific paper aims to present the implications from the point of view of the linear deformations, which each of these projections generates, as well as a comparative analysis between them, more suggestively, the advantages of cartographic representation in each case.

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Adjustment of GNSS Permanent Stations Network MOLDPOS

Author(s): Iuliana Constantinov,Vasile Chiriac / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

The aim of this work is to analyze the GNSS measurements results at different periods of time in order to estimate the accuracy of GNSS network monitoring in Republic of Moldova and to describe the national position system MOLDPOS. The goals of this paper are: the analyze of position systems; analyze of GNSS bases processing methods; the study of GNSS measures processing software and the adjustment of permanent stations network and the comparative analysis of the results. The most important part of the work was achieved by using Leica Geo Office Software that allowed to calculate the GNSS permanent stations coordinates for 4 different periods of time with the help of which was possible to determinate the smallest average deviation from initial coordinates and to determinate the average square error both in altitude and plan, in this way it’s possible to find out which accuracy is the best from all periods of time. The achievements of this paper are: for 30 minutes with ±1 cm in plan and ±2.6 cm for altitude and is the best accuracy and the rest of the results are represented in the next way: 24 hours: in plan : ±0.9 cm and for altitude is ±3.4 cm; 60 minutes: in plan: ±1 cm and for altitude is ±2.7 cm; 15 minutes: in plan: ±1.6 cm and for altitude is ±3.5 cm;

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Pixel Based Classification of Images

Author(s): Iuliana Maria Pârvu,Iuliana Adriana Cuibac - Picu,Petre Iuliu Dragomir / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

Nowadays, automation became a basic theme in all the fields of activity. Reducing the operator tasks from a workflow led to the need of research extensions in automation. In Photogrammetry we can start this process from the data collection and going to the final product generation. The main goal of this article is to facilitate the updating process of the National Geospatial Database and to ensure support for different products of our institution. The study was conducted on two types of coverage: extraurban and urban areas, both in Bihor County. The segmentation and classification process used the Single Feature Probability method, considering attributes like spectral signature, texture and shape. The results depend on the initial data, the workflow used and the samples collected.

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Coordinate Systems Used Over the Last 100 Years in Romania

Author(s): Ioan Voina,Mircea Beldea,Flavius Petru Bozu / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

The science of mapping has been imposed since ancient times, being generated by the development of other sciences, by military, economic and commercial geo-strategic requirements, and the use of maps and topographical plans can be considered as old as time.In our country, starting with the beginning of the twentieth century to the present, the development of reference geodetic systems has directly influenced the scientific issues of cartography.Thus, as a result of the military artillery of the First World War, our country has switched from equivalent projections to conform projections, after which a need for coordinate transformations from one system to another appeared. This paper aims to present the evolution of the cartographic basis and the reference systems used in Romania for the past 100 years.

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Actual Approaches on the Water Utilities Data Models

Author(s): Ana Cornelia Badea,Gheorghe Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

In November 2017 the Technical Normatives about producing spatial datasets on public utility networks was approved and published by National Agency of Cadastre and Land Registration. Romania has undertaken the implementation of INSPIRE, so identifying the best ways to put it into practice is an essential step in the application of these rules. Currently there are developed models for water and sewerage networks, designed both using company software and open source software solutions. From cadastral and urban management viewpoint, it is very important that the utility networks to be correctly and complexly modeled, justifying the importance of presented analysis. Its importance is due to the fact that utilities networks are fundamental parts of the smart city concept, being integrated with the cadastral information. The implementation of concepts that lead to 3D modeling of standards-compliant utilities networks, while also offering open-source access, is a top priority, including at international level. The present article aims to analyze these models by highlighting their current status and defining important aspects.

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Spatial Data Multi-Dimensional Acquisition using Digital Panoramic Images

Author(s): Floarea-Maria Brebu,Alina Corina Bălă,Tudor Borşan / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

In the past decade, data acquisition possibilities multidimensional were quickly improved method for determining the spatial position, models multi-dimensional objects using panoramic images. The visualization model thus created plays an important role in various applications such as urban planning, documenting cultural heritage and animation, and documenting historic buildings and sites, etc. Multi-dimensional 2D, 3D or 4D models are also a new way of presenting spatial data as a final product for measuring objects in the field. Capturing images and viewing them will soon be a core technology within the geospatial domain. It will not be based on field measurements where individual points are measured and time spent on the ground is lower, increased flexibility but the new results will provide new opportunities and a strong competitive advantage.This article describes an approach using panoramic images captured by V10 Trimble technology to enhance the details and realism of the geospatial data set in order to build 2D, 3D or 4D multi-dimensional models and virtual reality applications.

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Creating an Interior 3D Model of a Church

Author(s): Tamás Jancsó,Peter Udvardy,Krisztian Imre Kovacs / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

The paper deals with the 3D modelling based on photos. The target object is an interior space of a church. The photos were taken with a DJI Phantom Advanced UAV. Since the GPS receiver is not available inside buildings, the photos were taken in manual mode. In order to organize the shooting positons into vertical strips, the photos were taken from three different stations from different vertical positions. The 3D model was built with AgiSoft PhotoScan software. The camera calibration was carried out prior the processing to ensure a higher accuracy. The scale of the model was setup by reference distances and points. The experiments showed us, that the created model is suitable not only for demonstration and artistic purposes, but for engineering measurements as well.

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Proposals for the Verification of the Systematic Cadastral Works

Author(s): Cornel Păunescu,Florin Nache,Vlad Păunescu,Roxana Nache / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

The systematic cadastral works are carried out on the whole ATU (Administrativ Territorial Unit) or on cadastral sectors. In this paper we refer to the implementation of the systematic cadastre on the whole ATU. The basis of the work is the Order of the General Director of the National Agency for Cadastre and Real Estate Publicity (ANCPI) no. 533/2016, published in the Official Gazette Part I no. 362/11 May 2016. There are also provisions on this type of work in Law no. 7/1996 (Law of the Cadastre and Real Estate Publicity) and in Order no. 700/2014 of GD of ANCPI. Within OGD 533/2016 we consider that many of the provisions regarding the verification and reception of works leave room for interpretation. It is not clear what error or mistake is, repeatedly mentioned as reasons for rejection of the work. We consider that it is strictly necessary to define them clearly and without interpretation.

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A Test Facility for Verification of Length Measurements

Author(s): Orthodoxia Arabatzi,Nikolaos Koyvas,Vassilios Pagounis,Maria Tsakiri / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

This paper describes the design and measurement of an internal test facility for length measurements. The purpose of setting up this control baseline is mainly to verify precision instruments of a few millimeters such as geodetic total stations and laser scanner instruments for educational and research activities. The paper describes the measurement process for the baseline reference distances using an absolute laser tracker and the statistical results of the tests using the baseline for two proprietary total stations.

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Establishment of a Gravimetric Polygon of Calibration in Sinaia, Prahova County

Author(s): Radu Dan Nicolae Crișan,Cătălin Erhan,Neculai Avramiuc,Miluță Flueraș,Crina Marina Burada,Dan Cristian Andrei / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

National Centre of Cartography conducted between May 2016 - September 2017 the execution project "Establishment of a gravimetric polygon of calibration in Sinaia, Prahova County". The gravimetric polygon consists of 5 stations spread over a distance of 11 km and is located at a maximum altitude difference of 775 m covering a gravity interval of 160 mGal. The polygon will be used to check the accuracy of relative spring gravimeter before and after the measurements in the gravimetric network, and to determine the calibration factor/constant for recalibrating our gravimeters. In this article are presented the main activities to create the gravimetric polygon, the results obtained so far and the prospects for the coming years.

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Acquiring and Processing of Field Information Based on UAV, GNSS and GIS Technologies

Author(s): Mihai Valentin Herbei,George Popescu,Adrian Smuleac,Alin Cosmin Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The present work consists in taking photogrammetric images with the help of the drones, making their mosaic and georeferencing of the orthophotoplan resulting in the national stereographic projection system 1970. The flight took place at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat, King Mihai I of Romania, in Timisoara. Also, 15 targets were measured in the 1970 stereographic projection, based on GNSS technology. To achieve these objectives, the following equipment was used: PHANTOM 4 ADVANCED drones, GPS GS08, the 15 targets as well as the ArcGIS, PIX4D, SKYCATCH (iOS) data processing software’s.

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Increasing the Accuracy Of Parameters For Hydrotechnical Nodes Determination Using GIS

Author(s): Petru Plesca,Viorica Mocreac,Gabriel Săndulache,Octavian Mocreac / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

At the moment on the territory of the Republic of Moldova there is massive evidence, elaboration of technical data sheets and rules for exploitation of lakes / ponds. These regulate the regulation of storage lakes / ponds regulating the general criteria for the exploitation of water accumulations regardless of the type of property built according to the requirements of the normative and legal acts in force for the purpose of their correct and sustainable exploitation and applies to anything natural person or legal entity that owns and manages reservoirs/ponds. For this it is necessary to collect parameters such as: dam dimensions, elevation of the dam, water discharge devices and bottom drainage. Efficient exploitation is achieved if accurate measurements of the area of the water mirror surface are at different levels, such as normal, hard and minimally acceptable, but we also need cadastral and legal data.

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Real Estate-Urban Geographical Information System of a Municipality

Author(s): Gheorghe Sălceanu,Gheorghe Nistor,Cristian Onu,Dan Pădure,Cristian Huțanu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The Geographical Information System (GIS) is a modern software tool which allow the collection of referenced data; the storage; organisation; viewing; integration and interpretation of information with a spatial component; so that it the relations between them are understood and that the patterns and tendencies may be established. The Land Information System of a municipality is a very important and complex system; achieving a strong scientific and information basis accessible for the assistance of activities which support the decision-making process in local government; a major factor in making the qualitative level of geo-spatial information domains more efficient. The main purpose of the GIS project is to organise a coherent database that would contain information regarding the installations and equipment in the distribution network and to correlate the information with their position; represented through maps and digital plans.

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Integrity of Land Relations and Terrestrial Measurements Within the Multifunctionality of Cadastre

Author(s): Efim Zubco,Ion Botnarenco / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The need to develop land relations and the emergence of property relations highlighted some of their peculiarities and namely the spatial aspect of land relations. As part of cadastre; terrestrial measurements have been applied under the influence of law as a social category of land relations. Land rights have their peculiarities and namely: location; formation; development and protection. Any land right is obligatorily accompanied by its spatial aspect. The issue related to the land right connection to space is still current nowadays. The form and content of the land rights is in a permanent evolution as well as their location in space. Historically; the land right evolved from a simple spatial layout in a horizontal plane to the formation of the 3D and 4D property right. The object of our study relates to the interaction of land rights as a social category and the measurement process within the multifunctional cadastral system. Also the author mentions that; in the study; the land rights are examined through the prism of land ownership and land measurements as a need to identify physically the property right on the ground. In the cadastral field; land measurements have been developed including at the request of such processes as: land valuation; land use; protection of limited natural resources; etc.

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