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Николай Бердяев и рицарската алтернатива на буржоазния свят

Author(s): Dobromir Dobrev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Though the ideas and practices of chivalry never evolved in Russia, Nikolai Berdyaev wrote inspiring lines in order to protect it. The very personality of Berdyaev reminds us of knightly virtues and times long gone. The fight against the spiritual bourgeois and the retreat from the religious values deeply disturbed the Russian philosopher. He offers us a return to the values of the creative Christian ethics.

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Априорното във философия на религията: Ранният Рудолф Ото

Author(s): Miroslav Bachev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The quest for a priori principle in religion is especially active in the German Enlightenment. Immanuel Kant is one of the first, who makes effort to justify religion as a natural religion (religia naturalis). After Kant the issue about the aprioristic status of the religious is discussed by Jakob Fries, Ernst Troeltsch, Rudolf Otto and others. Our main thesis is that the idea of the religious a priori in early Otto is formed on the basis of Jakob Fries and Wilhelm De Vette’ philosophies, while in the “The Idea of The Holy“ (Das Heilige, 1917) Otto relies almost fully on Kant, particularly on its epistemological and aesthetic ideas.

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Екстатичната практика Рабъта – религиозни и исторически проявления

Author(s): Hristo Saldzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The present article deals with the phenomenon of rabata – sufic and neosufic practice and ritual typical of the Nakshibend order and its branches. In the article, several aspects of rabata are discussed: the descriptions of rabata in the writings and works of Nakshibend authors, the different kinds of rabata and their places in the Nakshibend ritual complex and belief system, the theosophical and ecstatic aspects of rabata and its early history. Final conclusion is that the origin of rabata must be sought among the Persian speaking Muslim communities influenced by the Middle age batinism and Sufism.

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Aнтропология на престъплението

Author(s): Jacinto Choza / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The present paper investigates the following topics: 1 – Sources of crime’s Anthropology; 2 – Killing to survive; 3 – Essence of the Crime; 4 – The criminal Mind; 5 – Absolution of the homicide and the abolition of the death penalty.

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„Дон Kихот“ като трактат за реалността

Author(s): Javier San Martín / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Referring to some of the basic ideas of “Reflections on Don Quixote”, Javier San Martin analyzes the philosophical approach of Ortega to the book “Don Quixote” by Cervantes. The article presents the intertextuality of the “Reflections” and explicates three different notions of reality deriving from various cultural and historical periods. According to the article’s author Ortega appreciates “Don Quixote" as metanarrative of Modernity, because the mind is presented in the novel as a problem in itself.

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Третичният мисловен процес на кръстопътя между метапсихологията, когнитивната наука и невронауката

Author(s): Petar Radoev Dimkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The strict differentiation between the abstract-verbal-logical thought (the Freudian secondary thought process) and the primitive, fantastic thought (primary thought process) is conditional and the border between the two is not clear-cut. This fact allows one to postulate the existence of a third thought process, which would fill the empty space. The third process, essentially, can be defined as concrete, imaginative representation of abstract notions, which is subjected to modifications of volition or as a regress in the name of the ego. Due to this position, the question about the third process touches upon some ancient philosophical questions, e. g. the origin of notions, in particular, the so-called conceptual empiricism, and the transcendental schematism of Kant. Also involved are the contemporary psychological research on representations as concrete and nonetheless generalizing image as well as fantastic imagination and reproductive imagination. The third process reveals itself as invaluable means to creative thought, which, in comparison with the secondary process, is elastic and plastic, and exactly due to this fact it can be subjected to modification (constructivism). Subjectivism and constructivism allow one to view this thought process from a philosophico-practical point of view.

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Възрастови особености на сетивното познание на ученици от начална училищна възраст според психоаналитичната периодизация на Зигмунд Фройд

Author(s): Mariyana Stamboliyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to present the perspective of psychoanalytic periodization age of the school students from the initial stage of primary education. In psychoanalysis self-concept is part of the personal sphere and its content influences the perception and the perception of people for their determination and to build his idea of a specific human being. The period of primary school age, according to psychoanalytic periodization is called “Latent period” covering 6-7 years of age and adolescence. In this particular phase of child development, sexual development according to Sigmund Freud as if interrupted. The interests of children in this period focused primarily on communicating with their peers and school activities. With knowledge in school are enriched the intellectual and moral and aesthetic feelings. Sensory knowledge is only one part of the total knowledge of the individual, directed to her and to the surrounding world. According to Sigmund Freud social experiences reflect meaningful wishes and interests of individuals and thus structuring one of the most important countries in its formation – values and direction to build a strategy for behavior and activity. All this is a reason to be directed more noticeable children’s attention to the general conditions of school life and school activities and thus provide a full development of their overall personality.

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Синергийно-антропологична интерпретация на исихазма

Author(s): Georgi Belogashev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article focuses on the possibility interpretation of hesychasm by the Russian scientist-theologian Sergei Horujy to be supplemented by a creative anthropology. Reveals the conceptual potential of hesychasm, developed after 50 years of the 14th century in Bulgaria. Anthropology of hesychasm, in her creative side argues that man is a spiritual being, sublime natural and social world over, which is primarily meant to create and to change the world around him. Mentioned are the advantages of anthropology based on a contemporary interpretation of the hesychasm.

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Връзката с „Другия“ – приемане или отхвърляне, релация между „Аз“ и „Ти“

Author(s): Luchyan Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper discusses issues related to the development of society in our time and the place of “the Оther“ in interpersonal relationships. M. Buber’s views on the relationship with “the Оther“ and the relation between „I“ and „You“ are followed.

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Деветдесет години след Фреге. Готлоб Фреге – живот и дейност

Author(s): Kamen Lozev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper surveys the main events of Frege’s life and explains why he is considered to be the father of Modern logic and Philosophy of language. Special emphasis is put on Frege’s first work Begriffsschrift and its importance for logical thinking. Frege’s failed attempt to ground Arithmetic entirely on Logic is considered in the light of Russell’s efforts to develop and eventually complete the logicist programme. The most famous concepts of Frege’s philosophy of language – Sinn and Bedeutung – are sketched in the end of the article.

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Топика на априорното

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

By introducing the a priori-investigation of the reason, Kant poses the possibility of one separate area, or method, or thematic in the transcendental analysis of the pure forms of reason. Do the a priori then have its own field which could distinct the derivation of those pure forms and so the a priori alone to differentiate itself among the three, delineated inside the boundaries of reason, areas of the basic faculties of pure reason – sensibility, understanding and reason. We raise the question – whether the a priori is connected with a meta-posing of the transcendental procedure as a reflection upon the activity and possibilities of the reason itself. And from this point on to differentiate the a priori with its own elements and progress of realization and so the a priori could find its own topics in the hole constitution of pure consciousness.

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Ценностите – универсалии между нормата и емпирията

Author(s): Lyubomir Christov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

In its genesis this work of writing is “nest-like” and particular. It was born in the inevitable for any explorer solitary communion with the books (those most unselfish friends of ours), in conversations, in the spiritual confrontation of concepts, in degrading societal and intellectual relations … Do not ask where! In the overcrowded lap of solitude, of course…. Some of the “nests” date back from those odious totalitarian times. Others shaped up after the “democratic” catastrophe in Eurasia, whose levelling mediocrity and amoral demagogy set out to sweep up certain invaluable and idiosyncratic cultural and ethnic traditions… Verbally, though, they became possible as a result of concentrated philosophical speculation…

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Владимир Соловьов – човешката социалност, пречупена през призмата на нравствеността (национализъм, престъпност, икономика, война и право)

Author(s): Dobromir Dobrev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper discusses Vladimir Solovyov’s views of objective ethics and the need for its implementation in our lives. It also monitors the impact he had on the next Russian thinkers and in particular on Nikolai Berdyaev.

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Болестта срещу удоволствието: употреби на метафората на болестта в първите две десетилетия на комунистическия режим в България

Author(s): Gergana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The main goal of the paper is to analyze the usage of the metaphor of illness from the communist regime in philosophical and anthropological perspective. The metaphor of illness is showed as an important element of the communist disciplinary practices. The article focuses on its importance for the communist constructions of the ideal human body.

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Шотландската философия и Шопенхауер. Интерпретации на каузалността

Author(s): Atanaska Cholakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The analysis of causality in Schopenhauer’s conceptualization of the representative model of knowledge presupposes the mentioning of two significant representatives of the Scottish reaction against Hume’s skepticism, namely Thomas Reid and Thomas Brown. The goal of this paper is to explicate some concrete ideas from both of their theoretical systems in relation to the critique of Hume’s notion of causality and later their interpretation in Schopenhauer’s philosophy.

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Eкзистенциалната философия на Eмануел Mуние

Author(s): Deyan Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The philosophy of Emmanuel Mounier, as part of the stream of personalism, incorporates the basics of existentialism, discussed in his book “Existentialist Philosophies: An Introduction”. Mounier divides the existential philosophy into two – Christian and atheist, and agrees with first. In this text we will examine the topics of human subject as a real participant in existence, the secret into being and relationship you and I, which have become the center of existential understandings of Mounier.

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Отвъд идея и материя в нравствената философия на Владимир Соловьов

Author(s): Ivo Minkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The research shows only the formation of these crucial thoughts, not the entire philosophy of Vladimir Solovyov. The fundamentals of this paper are the master and doctoral dissertations of the Russian philosopher and the development aims to present the possibilities and abilities of moral philosophy on the way to great ideas and the unity of mankind.

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Личността във философско-антропологически аспект

Author(s): Luchyan Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The concept “person” has been drawing the attention of scientists from different fields, leading to more than 70 definitions given by philosophers, anthropologists, biologists, geneticists, psychologists, pedagogues. The issues related to the development of a person are occupying a leading position in all natural and social sciences dealing with man. In this act of development the personality goes through a complex process of metamorphosis. It is necessary to seek how, and through what forces do this development goes through as well as what defines and guides it.

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Философски основи на интеграцията и включващото образование на деца със специални образователни потребности

Author(s): Pelagia Terziyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The study directs reader’s attention to the philosophical origin of the integration as a phenomenon. Various philosophical aspects of the integration and the inclusive education of children with special educational needs are being examined. The author clarifies the significance and the role of the axiological approach for overcoming socio-cultural stereotypes about people with disabilities, equality and freedom of choice. Philosophical elaborations for the ethics of life, for the tolerance, ideas for existentialism are being analyzed, because they are exclusively important for understanding the essence of the integration and the inclusive education.

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Обща характеристика на съновиденията и тяхната специфика в детска възраст

Author(s): Stanislav Pandin / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The main task of this article is to explain in details what is this manifest and latent content of dreams of children in preschool and primary school age.

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