„Váróterem-politika” A Beneš-dekrétumok kérdése az osztrák nyomtatott sajtóban
The article analyses the discourse on the Benes-decrees as presented in the Austrian press.
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The article analyses the discourse on the Benes-decrees as presented in the Austrian press.
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The main aim of the essay is to shed light on how consumption, identity and capitalism relate to each other. According to the premise of the writing, nowadays individuals can be described with the concept of animal consumers, because after the decreasing importance of the great narratives and the ideologies in the second half of the 20th century, it has been consumption, which became the core element on which identifies are constructed. This epoch – second modernity – is characterized by individualization: identity construction mainly revolves around the construction of the uniqueness, distinctiveness and authenticity of the individual. In this context consumption becomes a way of communication: one of the main functions of buying and consuming is to represent individual identities. On the one hand, the second part of the writing focuses on how values change due to the changing role of consumption. On the other hand, it analyzes the social conditions, which are required for the reproduction of such identityconsumption relations. The author uses the notion of „two-dimensional society”, in order to describe contemporary consumer capitalism, where the main motive is conformist individualism.
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Sociální a etnické hranice v základní škole*
The article explores the dynamics of social marginality and dominance in educational settings. Special attention is paid to the role of schools in the process of boundary constructions. The article deals with social distance dynamics among pupils in elementary school, and observes how these dynamics strengthen or weaken their position in the hierarchy. The text describes social interaction in a group of children, and records the context in which the inclusion or exclusion of those who are seen as the bearers of an identity other than the group dominant identity takes place, and whether it has the character of ethnic or social class. The article is based on longterm, qualitative, inductive, and ethnographic fieldwork. The central method of the fieldwork was ethnographic observation. To large degree, the research was conducted in the framework of interactionism. The article sheds light on many aspects of social exclusion in educational settings and on the obstacles of educational research.
More...![„W tobie jest źródło życia i w twej światłości [...] światłość” Wiara i religia
w perspektywie resocjalizacji skazanych](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2016_29750.jpg)
The paper intends to take a broader perspective on the issue of religion in the life and rehabilitation of individuals sentenced to the penalty of imprisonment. It discusses the importance of faith and (mainly Christian) religion and religious practices in the specific context of incarceration, as well as the role of prison pastoral care and correctional volunteering, with some major references to the findings of the thematic empirical work. Moreover, the paper calls for a more in-depth (both empirical and theoretical) analysis of the effectiveness of religiously motivated rehabilitation, without any attempts at its idealization or depreciation. Excerpts from a prison diary - selected as meaningful parts of the paper (in order to outline, among all, the importance of the convicts’ conversions) - are not intended to stun the reader with their emotional message. They are rather testimonials of the life of individuals, in their own flesh and blood, and as such send a powerful message for others. The rest is just about the faith and the will of individual readers and their interpretations. As for things of importance, sometimes suffice is to tell about them (with no references to doctrinal interpretations and paradigms or without establishing any ad hoc scientific constructs). That approach proves that the author’s intent goes far beyond the accurate reporting, disentangled from personal and self-construed messages. Universal clues for choosing between the good and the evil just do not exist. But steps are being taken to save others from the effect of the evil. Prison constitutes a peculiar space of existence where human life can both come to its end or have a new beginning.
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Migrants’ narratives do not exist in a vacuum: they have their places within similar narratives, historically embedded within a larger public story. This continuity is often overlooked, particularly when it comes to similar narratives shared by different ethnicities. The purpose of this paper is to investigate poetic manifestations of memory, especially trauma or pain memory, in a selection of texts written by Wioletta Grzegorzewska. Her poems consider the question of memory on both micro and macro levels. Her collection Smena’s Memory, as this paper argues, investigates the role of memory in the process of identity creation.
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Pedagogy, both as an academically theoretical activity and humanistically social practice hasbeen under a serious crisis for a long time. Obviously, this crisis has been caused by numerous reasons,both external and internal. Yet, it seems to be a perfect opportunity to re-discover the sourceof pedagogy in the philosophy of upbringing and – through the conversion in the centre of pedagogicalthinking – to restore the tension between philosophy (in its wise ontological-metaphysical hesitation) and pedagogy. It seems clear that this lack of tension and limiting pedagogy to a detailedsocial science, is damaging and appears to be the fundamental problem and the main reasonof the critical condition of contemporary pedagogy.
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Relying on Maurice Maeterlinck’s essays, the article reflects on the question of human perception of insects, especially termites. Spatially enclosed termitemounds impose specific way of life which, in Maeterlinck’s view, resembles human way. Following Gernat Böhme’s argument, this realization can only be attained if one accepts emotions in perception. By writing about “places of imprisonment” of living creatures, Maeterlinck was the first to depict human living space as natural imprisonment. At the same time, in his entomological monographs he initiated human experiencing of nature; the process which B¨ohme described as situating man in his surroundings.
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The research has dealt with the medium as a carrier of the message and as the message itself for decades; my approach tries to shed the light on an area that has not yet been studied from this point of view, mainly the media used by the writers – authors or journalists –to record ideas, informations or even plans. The note, the message is in this case not intended for a wide audience, but for the personal use of the writer. Does the selected medium play a role? Is it chosen consciously or not? What does the medium stand for? These are some of the questions I am answering at.
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Disabled people are a social category that is very often at the effect of the stereotypes and prejudices prevalent in society. Frequently such persons suffer marginalization or exclusion. A disability can be the source of a stigma that defines the life of a human being both in the individual and social dimension. Only a portion of disabled persons manage to counteract the social stigmatization effectively, and above all to overcome their own fears about appearing in public with a body that is not fully functional. The author presents the changes occurring in the lives of persons with physical disabilities after their engagement in sports activities. Using Fritza Schütze’s theory of process structures and Anselm Strauss’s work on identity, he tries to show that engaging in sports could make it possible for a disabled person to move from a trajectory of suffering as a stigmatized person toward a biographical plan of action involving specific turning points and a reconstruction of the person’s ego.
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The article discusses media events in the context of Greece before the rise of Syriza. Contemporary cases of political violence have been instrumentalized as a “war against anomie”. This makes it possible to analyze its highly medialised context, within which the discourse of an emergency situation has been formulated in Greece. The article discusses the broad impact of media events on voters outside of Athens, with particular attention being paid to the hunger strike chance of a young anarchist named Nikos Romanos, the media coverage of which serves as an example of counter-hegemonic media practices.
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The educational reality is nowadays increasingly associated with the philosophy of postmodernity. The new orientation leads researchers to explore new paths – one of them may be the inclusion of popular culture with all its potential, not excluding popular arts, to the educational canon. This text is an attempt to approximate the popular arts as having signi cant educational potential in reference to the critical pedagogy. I will try to prove that even purely entertaining aspects of culture may have educational content. First of all, I would like to describe a critical orientation in pedagogy; I will present its practical side in relation to the deconstruction of cultural meanings and nally, I will show some consequent implications for relations between culture and education. The next part of my considerations will concern the popular culture as an educational area, with particular emphasis on a game as the source of culture and as an inherent element of popular arts. I will present in detail associations between popular arts and education based on Polish cabaret which I acknowledged as a place, where basic tasks and functions of critical pedagogy can be seen and realized. Finally, I will present some parts of interviews which had been conducted as my researches – these are the respondents’ opinions about cabaret and its interpretation. This part seems to be showing cabaret as a place of discourse, where a critical dialogue between the sender, the content and the recipient of cabaret transmission takes place.
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The research about Jewish colonization of South East Asia have been causing a lot of controversies. However the fact that in the Middle Kingdom begun the history of Jews living in the Far East seems to be unquestionable. The over-the-centuries presence of Jews in Eastern Asia didn’t result in building emigrant’s settlements in other countries of the region or in Japan. The Land of the Rising Sun was an unknown land for the Jewish merchants and travelers. According to the official statements this situation remained unchanged up to the second half of the 19th century. In relation to the historical sources about 50 Jewish families came to Yokohama in the late 70-ties of the 19th century. The emigrants came mostly from England, Germany, France, Russia and former Poland which was annexed by Russia and Austria. In the next years a lot of Jewish scientists and specialists were invited by the Japan government to China in order to rebuild and modernize this country. Meanwhile there were taken efforts to prove the presence of the Jews in the South Eastern Asia, who settled there after escape from Assyrian persecution in 771 B.C. and in the end conquered some primitive tribes and gave rise to the ancient civilizations. This research let the speculation that the ancient Jewish settlers were founders of the Japan imperial dynasty and created the warrior and aristocracy class. In the early 20-ties of the 20th century people were interested in discovering the Jewish origin of the Japanese society. In 1921-1922 the weekly paper “Israel’s Messenger” in Shanghai published several articles of Jewish and Japanese authors. They announced another discoveries and hypothesis about Jewish ancestors of Japanese society. These conceptions enjoyed people’s attention mainly at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. Nowadays we can also find some publications and discourses which rise this question. There are a lot of people who agree with the thesis of the common Jewish-Japanese roots: not only Joseph Eidelberg and others mentioned previously but also representatives of different Japanese Neo-Christian sects and members of American sect Back Hebrews. All this causes that the myth of Japanese being lost Israeli tribe stays alive.
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Family is the primary social cell in which every human being is born and raised. Its value is undeniable, and any attempt to distort this environment has a negative impact on the integral development of not only man but also society. The cooperation of different backgrounds in the process of education has become one of the issues addressed by Edmund Bojanowski. His thought of supporting the society of spouses and emphasizing the role of father and mother in shaping the personality of a young child today seems even more up-to-date. Without strong family values, you can not create strong societies that will serve the good of the whole but of the individual.
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The paper discusses the phase immediately preceding adoption. In the light of the interviews with the people supporting this process, 3 of its aspects have been presented: perception of a child, preparation of the child to adoption and a phase of separation of the child with a foster family as a special moment in its life. The time preceding adoption can sometimes be helpful for a child to prepare for meeting its new parents and dealing with the vastness of feelings' alternation accompanying it. A great resposibility lays on the people taking care of the child in the intermediate institutions, the people working with the future parents and as well on the potential new caretakers. The narration provides a proof that this is a very diffucult time not only for the child, but also for all the people taking care of it.
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