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Автономия и морал

Author(s): Veselina Slavova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

This article examines the development of the definition of autonomy in the context of contemporary bioethics without claiming to be covering all of the concepts. Its principal goal is to stress on the difficulties which follow from the breach in the connection between autonomy and moral. The enrichment of the knowledge of this particular problem and the questions that follow from it, will undoubtedly give publicity to problems connected to the solution of contemporary medical conflicts which ought not to be treated simply as formal procedures but to be considered in the context of interpersonal relations.

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Структуриране на личността в психоаналитична перспектива

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

This paper will search to offer a model of the whole-integrated personality with encompassing the structure, the areas and the internal specifications and connections in the personality universum. For this purpose we will follow and derive the basic conceptual models which exist and generalize what personality is in our comprehension. This also will be a phenomenological reconstructing of fundamental types of projections in personality constituting – we will derive the initial approaches to the world of I-instance in Descartes and Kant, but basically we will define the process personality in Hegel as the result of process-ending of the pure thought system. We will also draw for consideration Heidegger’s model in analyzing the personality as an event, as a phenomenon of the live and actual human presence in the world. Thou the essential goal is reconstructing the three-instance psychoanalytical model which will be considered in unexpected configuration by drawing together of S. Freud’s and A. Maslow’s personality depth-structuring. The hypothesis raised up here is: Maslow’s pyramid of basic needs, in its hierarchy reflects a general structuring of the levels of the personality universum, with this the areas of integrity, continuity and I-projecting of whole personality will be formed.

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История на човешката еволюция

Author(s): Kiril Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

The present study reveals a new approach of understanding of human evolution reasons. Humans are formed because of a conflict with himself own, but not by a conflict with the nature. As a result of that conflict, the species survival means are no longer successful, and human beings are prompt in searching of individual tools to survive. By that reason, they are forced to abandon their instincts, passing from biological to psychological level of defense. During the evolution process, new models of surviving among the fellows appear. These relations between individuals formed a new biological kind – the Mankind. In their essence these models are instruments of mimicry and misguidance, which paradoxically lead to rapprochement between individuals, transform them into social objects. In the phylogenetic memory of modern men, they appear as mental disorders. Actually, every mental illness is an attempt to throw back the consciousness to ancient models of surviving, created in the evolution process.

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Познанието на религията в началото на новия век: подходи и дебати

Author(s): Nonka Bogomilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The paper analyses some new contemporary approaches, notions and discussions in the study of religion within the “phenomenology – scientific “reductionism” dilemma. The “comprehension” and the “religious experience” approaches were the direction taken by the phenomenology of religion, which proceeded from the idea of the “absolute autonomy” of religion (Otto, Eliade). Religion was perceived as being an autonomous, unique sphere, which cannot be explained and defined through factors lying outside it. As an expression of the opposite trend, the analysis gives attention to some new scientific and explicatory “reductionist”, “functionalist” approaches, and especially to the research program called Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) – a trend of naturalization of religion as a result of the development of contemporary evolutional biology and psychology.

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Моралната идентичност

Author(s): Dimitar Bogdanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

In the present article is presented the problem of the moral identity which is related with the notion of the identity and the moral functioning of the self. There is a definition of that what is moral identity – combination of moral opinions, understandings, emotions and representations of our own self. The author presents several theories about the moral motivation and actions: theories about the moral thinking, theories about the moral emotions and theories about the moral identity.

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Политическата антропология на Николай Бердяев

Author(s): Stoyanka Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The article analyzes the contribution of Nikolai Berdyaev to the disclose human dimension of politics. Special attention is given to the justification of the antinomy between the individual and society, as well as the analysis of the fundamental contradictions that characterize the historical existence of man. Originality of political and philosophical ideas of Berdyaev is derived from its particular attention to the human content of social phenomena to their religious and moral evaluation.

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Политическият инфантилизъм или „болният здрав разум“ на човека-в-политиката

Author(s): Dimitar Tafkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The paper reflects on two main questions: "What is a political infantilism?", as well as - "Why do political people do evil?"

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Превръщането на тялото в машина и възходът на пропагандата във визуалните изкуства в периода 1918 – 1936 г.

Author(s): Boryana Angelova-Igova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

This research aims to explore the visual arts from 1918 to 1935 in Germany, France and Italy. This philosophical analysis shows how the athletes’ body is transformed into the machine that produces medals and fame for the totalitarian regimes. In this period the rise of propaganda and its establishment are a matter of fact.

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Диалог и общуване в образованието

Author(s): Nikoleta Mihaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The article attempts to reveal the dialogue as an immanent characteristic of the learning process, which formed the culture of communication and personal development of learners. A realization is needed that it is time to overcome the still dominant in pedagogical practice authoritarian monologue logic and a new pedagogical paradigm oriented towards subject-subjective interactions is being built. The arguments in support of this thesis are based on the ideas in the works of M. Bahtin and H. Batistev.

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Рефлексия в обучението и стремеж към собствена значимост

Author(s): Stanislava Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Praxeological reflection was studied by means of self-assessment of 21 students. Coincidence between self-appraisal of one’s activity and other students’ evaluations was present in 14% of the cases. Self-appraisal of one’s activity was higher than other students’ evaluations in 81% of the cases. Self-appraisal of one’s activity was lower than other students’ evaluations in about 5% of the cases. Research of personal reflection indicated that 33.6% of 134 students frequently thought of their present and future significance. Almost the same number – 32.8% thought of future glory and recognition. 79.9% declared that they possessed many undiscovered abilities, that they had not known themselves. Striving for one’s significance and reflection in the study are related.

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Рефлексивна природа на его-състоянието Възрастен

Author(s): Irena Levkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The ego states have not been studied considerably in the world psychology literature and they have mostly been studied in respect to their behavioral aspects. The paper presents a hypothesis about the nature of the Adult based on the theoretical views on reflection via which the specific functions of the Adult ego state could be explained.

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Възрастови особености на сетивното познание на ученици от начална училищна възраст според психоаналитичната периодизация на Зигмунд Фройд

Author(s): Mariyana Stamboliyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to present the perspective of psychoanalytic periodization age of the school students from the initial stage of primary education. In psychoanalysis self-concept is part of the personal sphere and its content influences the perception and the perception of people for their determination and to build his idea of a specific human being. The period of primary school age, according to psychoanalytic periodization is called “Latent period” covering 6-7 years of age and adolescence. In this particular phase of child development, sexual development according to Sigmund Freud as if interrupted. The interests of children in this period focused primarily on communicating with their peers and school activities. With knowledge in school are enriched the intellectual and moral and aesthetic feelings. Sensory knowledge is only one part of the total knowledge of the individual, directed to her and to the surrounding world. According to Sigmund Freud social experiences reflect meaningful wishes and interests of individuals and thus structuring one of the most important countries in its formation – values and direction to build a strategy for behavior and activity. All this is a reason to be directed more noticeable children’s attention to the general conditions of school life and school activities and thus provide a full development of their overall personality.

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Отвъд живота и смъртта – биополитиката и властта на биотехнологиите

Author(s): Mariya Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

In the following article different problems of the biopolitics are investigated. The biopolitics is a power which decides on the questions of life and death. The biotechnologies and their development, the solving of questions in which cases and under what conditions they to be used set up new and new biopolitical questions. The J. Habermas position on the role of the biotechnologies in solving the questions of life and death is presented and analysed.

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Развитие на толерантност чрез спорт

Author(s): Tatiana Iancheva,Ina Vladova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The article focuses on the issue of the emerging tendency of a lack of tolerance that often leads to aggression. The authors conducted a study with students from the National Sports Academy – Sofia (Bulgaria) on attitudes to work in a multicultural environment. The results show that the majority of students have a positive attitude towards working with ethnic minority students. Discussed is the possibility for developing tolerance in children through sport. Sports pedagogic specialists should be able to identify in a timely manner the behavior of pupils during sport and other activities and to reveal the reasons that lead to different behavioral responses.

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София – Европейска столица на спорта: амбиции, реалности, възможности

Author(s): Ivan Sandanski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The emergent concept of strategic leveraging of sport-based initiatives and events aimed at creating social benefits for local communities enables a better understanding of the role and involvement of local authorities in modifying and fast-tracking existing or developing new local sport policies, strategies, programmes and projects. The article sets out to unpack the current efforts and approach by Sofia municipality to capitalize on prospective opportunities the initiative ‘Sofia – European Capital of Sport 2018’ can provide to generate any social legacies in the form of a range of benefits for both the community and various sport organisations and educational establishments operating in the capital city. To that end, a modified version of O’Brien & Chalip’s (2007a, 2007b) conceptual exploratory framework for social leveraging was employed. The study adopted an inductive methodology and data came from a combination of participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and content analysis of documentary evidence. Analysis reveals that the potential of ‘Sport 2018’ should be assessed not so much on any outcomes derived, but rather on to what extent those effects actually tell us why or how they occurred. In other words, what mechanisms and strategies undertaken around the initiative have been effective (or not), for whom, and in what specific context. However, the lack of systematic empirical research and any published evaluation reports with detail information on participants’ history and background, context of activities, capacity of engaged organisations, and embedded resources and mechanisms, seriously undermines the endeavours to drawing objective findings and making evaluations about the initiative’s leveraging for producing desired social outcomes. This speaks for a rather ad hoc than a strategic approach on the part of the actors involved. Implications for practice and future research on strategic leverage of sport initiatives are presented.

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Оптимизиране на двигателната активност на децата в детската градина чрез туризъм и спорт сред природата

Author(s): Paulina Andreeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

This article discusses the organization and implementation of an initiative for increasing the motor activity of children. The main goal is to strengthen and temper the children, to develop physical capacity and to build personal qualities and social skills through active outdoor motor activity. Through the organized tourist activities was increased the motor activity and the opportunity for participation in open-air sports activities of all kindergarten children. The provided sporting equipment diversifies the forms for conducting physical culture and helps to develop new motor skills. Sports activities contribute to the development of personal and social qualities and improve the health of children. The results of the surveys and especially the recommendations show that there is an increased interest and desire of children, parents and teachers for active participation in future joint sports activities.

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Как съвременните родители общуват с децата си? Позитивни методи за възпитание

Author(s): Maria Georgieva,Maia Rogashka,Zhivka Doicheva,Zlatomira Mihaylova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The text aims to present the experience of the educational institution in working with parents. The topic of partnership with parents in recent years has become particularly relevant. The Forestry and Woodworking School "Nikolay Haytov" - Varna strives to meet the high demands of society to maintain good relations with parents, to support their functions and to encourage them to take care of their children, to stimulate education as a process and to increase their motivation for learning. A number of activities have been undertaken to support those goals. The text shows innovation started by the team of the high school that achieved high results.

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Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)

Author(s): Nadejda Aleksieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The article deals with the presentation of the Communicative Language Teaching (The Communicative Approach) which is an approach to the teaching of foreign languages, emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. This method is highly value to CLIL which stands for Content and Language Integrated Learning. The main purpose of the lesson plan included is the acquisition of the knowledge by the students through different set of activities and tasks.

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Електронно портфолио на ученика

Author(s): Galina Tsvetkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The main purpose of the following article is to make an outline of the advantages of using an electronic portfolio in the educational sphere and to give practical information on what steps and stages to follow when we introduce it in our work as teachers. What is more, we have to bear in mind that the goals we try to accomplish are the crucial factors when we make decisions what type of electronic portfolio to use, how to organise the information in it and how to utilise the opportunities it offers as an assessment tool.

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Мястото на екологичните проекти в обучението по биология

Author(s): Irina Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The modern methodology and practice in the teaching of biology focuses more and more on environmental education. Primarily the changes concern the educational content, followed by appropriate amendments in the structure and methodology of teaching. The emphasis of the environmental education is no longer upon the teaching and acquiring of theoretical knowledge, but upon developing the ability for alternative thinking, opportunities for creative practical application of scientific knowledge and developing the skills for effective decision-making regarding environmental protection problems.Therefore, along with the use of innovative interactive methodologies, teaching by means of environmental projects is increasingly important.

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