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Advertising is becoming globalized. As the world is more interconnected, advertising discourses occupy new spaces in consumers’ minds. This article highlights some of the new strategies employed by advertising creators and their struggle against communicative saturation. The distracted minds of consumers are increasingly inaccessible to their strategies. Consumers, hyper-connected minds are now affected by advertising campaigns that appeal to the most basic part of our instincts. The process is the same, regardless of the advertising medium or distribution channels. The article proposes an analysis of the phenomenon through different examples from everyday life. The examples have a global reach and are representative of a global trend.
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Our study is based on the measurements performed by The Transmedia Romanian Audit Bureau (BRAT), during the 2002-2014 timeframe, a period chosen in order to observe the changes that the media offer in Romania has been going through. We present here the dynamic of the media consumption, including the access to the new information and communication technologies. The Internet consumption performs an important role, because here is where we find the explanations regarding the changes that took place in the cultural/media consumption. A secondary analysis, performed over the database of the National Library (The Legal National Repository), has allowed us to evaluate the state of the written press in the recent years. We also present the evolution of the written publications’ circulation and the trends that have manifested in mass media.
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Convergence of multimedia content involves the unification of several media channels through a technology, and it is in a state of continuous transformation driven by the technological evolution. Recently developed, mobile and wireless technologies have facilitated new forms of convergence that permit users to consume information. Although media convergence involves many aspects, this paper considers just the perspective of technological convergence. The subject of this article is mobile sites created as a consequence of the convergence based on mobile technologies and devices. This paper shows new forms of media convergence designed by the mobile technologies. It presents and discusses theoretical aspects of this topic, and also describes practical solutions adopted by the media industry in Romania. The methodological solution is based on hierachical cluster analysis to group similar mobile sites based on their characteristics. The results of this study show that mobile technologies bring a new perspective to media.
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This paper focuses on the use of mobile technologies and their ability to engage audiences in a new type of exploration that enriches the museum experience. The rapid expansions of media technology, the universal access to the Internet, the continuous online presence in the social media are fundamentally changing the cultural experience. In the entertainment and the new museum era, the issue is no longer whether new media and technologies should be used by cultural institutions (more precisely, in this article, museums), but how they may be used so that they heighten the visitor experience. Therefore, we will explore the new relationship between technology and museums and the ways in which newly emerging technologies such as augmented reality could be used in order to transform the audience’s encounter with culture.
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Pierwsza dekada XXI wieku przyniosła ze sobą rewolucyjne zmiany w polskich mediach. W pierwszych latach po 1989 roku istniejące słabości można było nazywać błędami młodości. Obecnie wolne polskie media są już „pełnoletnie”. W tym czasie obalone zostały stare hierarchie, ale nie zdołały się wyłonić nowe. Pojawiły się kolejne problemy i zagrożenia. Wielu dziennikarzy ma poczucie poruszania się w chaosie.
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Cechą współczesnego świata jest jednoczesne współistnienie dwóch zjawisk i dwóch procesów, pozornie do siebie nieprzystających. Jednym jest podkreślanie różnorodności i wyjątkowości, a drugim uniformizacja oraz standaryzacja postaw i zachowań jednostkowych i zbiorowych. W pierwszym przypadku mamy do czynienia z eksponowaniem wszystkich tych elementów, które stanowią o wyodrębnianiu się wzorów kulturowych spośród innych, w drugim – z ujednoliceniem i unifikacją tychże wzorów. Jak pisał Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński: Rezultatem globalizacji rozumianej jako hybrydyzacja jest „kreolizacja” świata, czyli daleko posunięte wymieszanie odmiennych wcześniej kultur lokalnych, które miałoby doprowadzić do nowej jakościowo, globalnej syntezy kulturowej […]. Globalizacja zawiera wprawdzie w sobie tendencje homogenizacyjne, lecz także jest potężnym czynnikiem hybrydyzacji kultur lokalnych. Na dodatek żadna z tych perspektyw nie uwzględnia stopnia żywotności kultur lokalnych i ich odporności na popadanie w kulturową zależność od centrum lub na synkretyzację.
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This article presents the results of qualitative comparative analysis of such causal factors of Lithuanian government’s stability as decision-making model, role of political parties, government ideology and parliamentary majority. The basic source of the research was the interviews with ministers who have served in different cabinets. The cabinets led by Kazimiera Prunskien÷, Gediminas Vagnorius, Adolfas ŠleŃevičius, Laurynas Mindaugas Stankevičius, Rolandas Paksas, Andrius Kubilius, Algirdas Mykolas Brazauskas and Gediminas Kirkilas are analyzed in this article. The research showed that in most cases the governments, where decision-making model is monocratic and party influence in governmental decision-making process is weak; or those in which decision-making model is monocratic and which have support of the parliamentary majority, are stable. It was also revealed that a strong influence of ruling party (or parties) in the governmental decision-making process and the leftist ideology could lead to government stability. The governments might be classified into three homogeneous groups according to decision-making model, role of political parties in decisionmaking, ideology, size of parliamentary support and cabinet duration.
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The paper analyzes the trends of wards organization and the development of their activity in the Republic of Lithuania. It highlights the status of ward in the system of local selfgovernment, defines the peculiarities of its regulation and problems of its organization and activity, as well as describes relations between wards and local community too. The article justifies the tends of development of wards functions, the necessity of increase of their financial independence and states that changes of warden’s status are concerned with procedures of his/her appointment and dismissal, powers, subordination and accountability. The authors emphasize that it would be purposeful to pass the law that would regulate procedures of local communities’ organization and activity as well as legitimize local communities as communities of wards.
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This article explores the development of strategic planning and management in the state institutions of Lithuania. The issues of correlation between strategic management and leadership as well as goals set for strategic management from positions of leadership lying within the focus of recent theoretical studies have been taken as the essential dimension to this research. The analysis of formal strategic planning methodology, in particular, its requirements for the content of plans and the planning process, and its change has been carried out based on this approach. The horizontal cross-section of the analysis is the analysis of the methodology from the point of view of regulation centralisation-decentralisation. On the ground of the performed analysis, classification of stages in the development of strategic management is provided. Strategic management prospects are linked to the wider issue of political leadership and democratic strategy communication processes. With respect to this aspect, areas of cooperation for science and public administration practice are sought.
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The article presents a variety of e-government assessment methodology, and on the basis of municipal websites assessment survey instrument, developed by E-Governance Institute at Rutgers University (United States of America) and the Global e-Policy e-Government Institute at Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea), assessment of development level of municipal websites of the Republic of Lithuania is presented. Municipalities were ranked by E-Governance Performance Index, which was determined as the sum of partial indexes of five measures: Privacy/Security, Usability, Content, Services and Citizen Participation. By comparative analysis of results of that evaluation with results of other evaluation where websites were evaluated by the point of view how websites meet requirements to websites of State and municipal institutions, determined by decry of the Government of Republic of Lithuania, is shown, that these results differs essentially. It confirms that results of e-government assessment results are determinated by the system of parameters of evaluation, and assessments of different investigators sometimes can be incomparable.
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Based on Lithuanian civil servants’ representative survey conducted in April – May 2011 and qualitative research (individual interviews), the aim of this article is to discuss civil servants’ attitude to different aspects, potential issues, usefulness of performance assessment by results, adopted in 2011. At the beginning of the article problems and specificity of performance assessment based on objectives are analyzed, experience of the implementation of performance assessment in the EU countries is evaluated. The article presents an analysis of survey’s statistical data and qualitative results that reveal Lithuanian civil servants’ attitude to performance assessment’s improvement in Lithuania.
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Decentralization is frequently seen to provide an impact for the development of local government. However, for developing countries, such as Indonesia, decentralization is not adequately understood from an administrative concept or merely from the government politics. Obstacle found in local areas, such as a low index of human development, low local competitiveness and inadequate public service can become an issue by local politics to interfere local government. Two cases of local government in Indonesia, Jembrana and Banyuwangi regency can be the illustration of this matter based on the case analysis and on empirical data analysis in those two areas. A descriptive analysis revealed that Jembrana regency is successful in running its local government, that can be seen from its high innovative level. Conversely, Banyuwangi regency, despite having a blueprint of its innovative area, encounters failure in its application. Failure or success in those two areas is more heavily affected by local political intervention in those intended areas. In Jembrana, local politics does not too enormously interfere its local government, while in Banyuwangi the local politics strongly interferes.
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The article deals with the international background and the Czech constitutional background of the right to university education and implementation of the above in the legal system of the Czech Republic. It is further concerned with the background for implementation of the statutory provisions by universities’ own acts; it also explains that, with respect to the definition of the limits. The article also explains why university education in the Czech language is provided free of charge to everyone irrespective of nationality – i .e. not only to the citizens of the Czech Republic.
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Financial sector supervisory bodies are organized in different forms in different countries of the European Union. These “models” range from independent stand-alone supervisory authorities to consolidated (centralized) supervisors responsible for supervising the entire financial sector, including banks, insurance companies and securities firms. The aim of this article is to analyse the new financial market supervision approach in the Republic of Lithuania. Since 1 January 2012 the supervision of the Lithuanian financial market has been centralized. Therefore, the Central Bank of the Republic of Lithuania is the sole supervisory authority that supervises the Lithuanian financial market. The new financial market supervision approach has led to the further amendments. Under the Law on Bank of the Republic of Lithuania (Central Bank); since 1 January 2012 the supervision of the financial market funding partly derives from the fees imposed on regulated entities. The operational independence of the supervisory authority leads to more transparent and professional financial market supervision and unburdens public administration costs. However, as it is mentioned in the article, the global financial crisis has led to the disputes that the supervision of the national financial market as well as the financial market of the European Union should develop a harmonized core set of supervision standards that can be applied throughout the European Union. Therefore, by the de Larosiere report as a basis, the European Commission is attempting to establish a new European financial supervision system. Consequently, the new macroeconomic supervision approach will impact the further developments in the Lithuania’s financial market supervision.
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Public administration system has been restructured by agencification in many countries. The new or reorganized agencies have been established. These agencies rely more on business management methods pursuing to improve public services quality, increase people's confidence in government, public administration, reduce costs, etc. Using principal – agent theory paper gives theoretical justification and by investigation of the reasons, means and results of agencification paper reviews practical experience of agencification in countries: Great Britain, Ireland, Portugal, Germany, the United States of America, and Sweden. Despite the divergence in agencification (agencies types and structures, legal framework), general trends and key success factors – political consensus and strategic reform management – can be determined.
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The article based on the method of “Three Step Public Sector Strategy Model” and Lithuanian and foreign scientific literature analyzes peculiarities of Lithuanian police institution strategic planning and the realization of the strategy. In the first part of the article the principles of strategic planning – planning, fulfilling and evaluation – applicable for public administering have been revealed. The second part of the article analyses Police Department strategic activity plans and reports evaluating them according to the methods of three step model and presents recommendations for the improvement of activity planning. In the article the author draws the conclusion that the Police Department Strategic Plan aims, tasks, measures and evaluation criteria are often worded in the wrong way, i.e. more orientated towards the administrative activity of the department – the number of carried out programs, prepared legal acts, and not towards the defence of the public interest. Judging by police activity reports it is difficult to evaluate the stage of program’s realization, as there is information either on strategic planning or on the results, but not on the realization. During the analysis no connection between the program’s reports, their evaluation and planning of the next year budget has been found. The activity reports remain a formal document, practically having no influence on the future assignations.
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