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The article discusses the speech in town of Bansko. It gave some historical information about the speech and very short characteristic of this speech. It’s very interesting because Bansko is on the border of east and west Bulgarian speech. It deals with traditional livestock vocabulary. It also deals with some morphological and syntactical aspect.
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The purpose of this study is to develop psychoanalytic mechanism of the act of separation of the individual and formation of the Doppelganger. The study uses Freud’s concept of splitting of the ego as it is related to the concepts of introjection and projection. Тhe analysis of the story of Edgar Allan Poe „William Wilson” presents a theoretical model of the function and image of the Doppelganger.
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In this text I will present the topic of my doctoral thesis Pragmatism and literature: habit, norm, metaphor. I will examine the philosophical tradition of pragmatism through the works of its founder Charles S. Peirce. The core of every pragmatic doctrine lies in the pragmatic maxim, which was originally presented by Peirce in 1878 in his paper How to Make Our Ideas Clear. Pragmatism is a new theory of sorting out the effects of concepts in the process of signification. The sum of these effects then forms the whole of the meaning. The process is based on the semiotic doctrine, according to which the sign lies in the core of the meaning. The key concepts for development and sustainability of knowledge are those of habit, norm and metaphor. Employing thеse concepts, I argue that the pragmatic approach is essential for a dynamic conception of the literary field. Habits are models of behavior, which aim at representing universal norms. Innovative metaphors allow discursive flexibility and establish new interpretative threads in the development of cognition.
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The main objective of this work is to analyze the nonstandard dubitative verb forms extracted from the internet communication. The first part of the paper presents the semantics, the morphological status and the standard dubitative verb paradigm in Bulgarian. The basic notions which are relevant for the nonstandard dubitative forms – variants, linguistic variables, gaps, and deviations are outlined in the second part. The third section analyses seven types of nonstandard dubitative forms. The last section presents two classifications based on two independent criteria: tense and deviation.
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The article presents a classification model of adjectives in Bulnet and presents a model that can distinguish qualitative and relative adjectives by relations that are the basis of Wordnet and represent lexical-semantic database for adjectives with which to prepare and extract semantic signs of adjectives.
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The article is focused on the word-formation of ethnonyms and names of inhabitants in the Four Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander from 14th century. From methodological aspect the analysis in the work is based on the theoretical postulates of the Czech linguist M. Dokulil (1962). They were applied for the first time in Bulgaria by Ivan Kochev when working with dialectal material in 1971. The conclusions of the word-formation analysis refers to the place and the volume of each of word-formation types and to the competition between the suffixes.
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The article deals with some of the theoretical problems, related to the future catalogue description of the manuscripts of Zograf monastery on Mount Athos. Taking the Psalter manuscripts as a starting point, the author discusses terminological and analytical issues of the cataloguing. The second part of the text puts up specific problems, concerning three of the library’s “jewels”. Ms. 59, the so-called Psalter of Radomir, still hides unsolved liturgical calendar puzzles. Ms. 79, the Psalter of Avram Dimitrievich, one of the few Bulgarian manuscripts with chrysography, is notable not only for this fact, but also because its illumination forms a secondary semiotic system, revealing liturgical and theological topics. In addition, Ms. 104 contains fragments from a Psalter, that might be connected with the period of church flourishing in Moldavia under the rule of prince Stephen the Great, Ștefan cel Mare, or even with the prince himself.
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The article examines three manuscripts from the library of Zograf monastery – № 317, № 381 and № 400. All three manuscripts contain The Akathist Hymn to the Theotokos. The main purpose of the article is to present a comparison of the three texts and to define their belonging to one of the recensions, described by M. Momina – recension 31, whose emergence and spreading refers to the time between the 17th and 19th centuries.
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The paper describes and compares the Bulgarian lexical causatives and decausatives expressing an emotion. This includes verb lexemes and phraseological units. The analysis is focused on their semantic and formal specificity, as well as on the parallel between them.
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The aim of the paper is to present some not popular or unknown attempts to systemize and interpret part of the vocabulary of the Banat Bulgarian literary language. This archaic Bulgarian dialect was codified as literary microlanguage because of historical circumstances. In 1896 the first and the only Bulgarian-Hungarian thematic dictionary was published - Kis magyar-bolgar szotar bolgar nepiskolai tanulok szamara"– Manen madžarsći-balgarsći rečnić zarad balgarsći narudniškulsći škulare. It was designed for the Bulgarian pupils in the primary classes of the Hungarian schools; today this dictionary is a precious source about the condition and the vocabulary of the dialect. The emphasis in the paper is placed on the attempts after 1990 in the vocabulary sections of the newspaper „Naša glas“, in the prefaces of the issues of Banat popular fairy tales (Banatsći balgarsći prikazći) in the addendum to the book Banatsćija balgarsći dialekt i pismenus, part of the vocabulary of the present and archaic strata of the dialect to be collected and presented.
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The aim of this paper is to present the Bulgarian-Hungarian cultural relations throughout the centuries. To study the historical roots of the Bulgarian-Hungarian relations, we have to look to the distant past – to the ages before the foundation of the Bulgarian and Hungarian states when the two nations lived side by side and in good neighbourly relations for a very long time. This is reflected in the two nations’ legends and folk art, and also in certain linguistic facts. Important milestones in the history of the Bulgarian- Hungarian relations are John Hunyadi’s military campaigns and the Battle of Varna, the cultural activity of the Kossuth Emigration, as well as the migration of Bulgarian gardeners to Hungary.
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The problem that is implicit in the title was provoked by the need for examining the performance not only in the range of the art, but as an overall concept of impact, which is realized through various semiotic tools. Through the analysis of performances of Marina Abramovic proves necessary and indispensable connection between the art and the science that helps the ideas reach the viewer at different levels.
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Learners of L2 in foreign learning settings receive a different type of input, in terms of quantity and quality, and have a much more limited exposure to the target language. Having taken this into consideration, the research presented in this article attempted to analyse the outcomes of the L2 learning process which takes place in such conditions through the perspective of implicit /explicit learning and implicit / explicit knowledge dichotomy. It seems justified by the fact that the conditions in which L2 learning happens in a foreign language classroom do not resemble, even remotely, the naturalistic learning in immersion environment. The former presupposes mostly explicit learning and acquisition of explicit knowledge, which might or might not turn into implicit knowledge, depending on the length of learning and exposure to L2, whereas the latter presupposes implicit (L1 children-like) learning and acquisition of implicit knowledge, although it might be supplemented by explicit knowledge as a result of education in formal environment. The findings showed that the most significant factors which have an impact on learners’ performance on tests measuring implicit knowledge (TGJT and OIT) tend to be the length of exposure to L2 in environment where it is used as native and the starting age of learning, followed by length of learning and type of input, which were also found statistically significant. Learners who perform better on tests measuring implicit knowledge also demonstrate higher levels of proficiency, which points to the fact that an L2 is best learned through acquiring implicit knowledge.
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In this paper, the author focuses mainly on foreign language teaching and its objectives, which serve not only the mediation of the basics of a foreign language, but it also has an educational mission. It is therefore appropriate that in foreign language teaching tasks are given that take into account not only cognitive but also social, emotional and motivational aspects of acquiring a foreign language involved extensively in the development of key competencies of pupils. General competences are those which are characteristic of the language, but which are necessary for the different activities as e.g. to purposely gain new knowledge and skills, to understand the intention of the specified task, to use the acquired language actively and frequently, to supplement their knowledge and develop language skills, to interconnect them with the knowledge, to systematize them and use for its further development and real life, to evaluate their progress critically, to receive feedback and be aware of the possibility of their development, to use available materials for self-study and so on.
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The article examines texts for students from third and fourth grade, written during exercise in creative writing classes in English. Despite the challenges that young age presented to creative writing and additional problems associated with the expression of a foreign language school, the texts indicate that nine- and ten-years students are capable of personal and social creativity and divergent thinking; that, in creating suitable conditions during the learning process, they can understand abstract concepts; to overcome his childhood egocentricity and show empathy and compassion; and last but not least, they are capable of poetic expression. All this makes the texts created significant as pedagogical, and the linguistic point of view.
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The paper deals with some tendencies observed in texts written for the entrance exam of Bulgarian and Bulgarian literature for Sofia University. Some relevant facts have been pointed out – future university students don’t master the usage of prepositions, of semantics of many words which leads to texts as if written in a foreign language or by foreigners.
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In this article we analyze some personal names in Russian anecdotes from the point of view of linguoculturology, applying methods of this relatively new linguistic discipline. The theory of anthropocentric language is key in modern linguistics from the end of the XX century, while the linguoculturology is the product of the anthropocentric paradigm in modern linguistics. Precedent personal names in modern anecdotes show, who is “the hero and anti-hero of contemporary times”. These names reflect part of the mentality of Russian speaker. The accumulation of background knowledge we need for understanding the comic effect of anecdotes as well as the ability to tell a joke –this is a part of a successful intercultural communication
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In this report I outline the drinking culture of Russia and China. The problems of drinking in Russia, the distinctive culture of drinking in ancient Russia, and the concept of drinking in the Russian language picture of the world are discussed. The origin of wine in China and traditional Chinese wine utensils are introduced. I also show the connection between Chinese drinking culture and folk culture, the spirit of the Chinese people and the spirit of the poets. The end of the reportis devotеdtoall who love Chinese culture with one of the most famous poemsabout drinking in China (QiangJin Jiu)
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Albanian is an Indo-European language which forms its own branch in the Indo-European family and has no close relatives. It is spoken by about 7.6 million people, mainly in Albania and Kosovo, and also in parts of Italy, Macedonia, Montenegro, Greece, Romania, Serbia, and the diaspora. Albanian is thought by some scholars to be a descendant of Illyrian, a group of Indo-European languages spoken in the Western Balkans until perhaps the 6th century AD. Others believe that Albanian descended from Thracian or Dacian, Indo-European languages spoken in parts of the Balkans until about the 5th century AD. Albanian absorbed some words from Greek and many words from Latin between the 2nd century BC and the 5th century AD. After that, it was influenced by the languages of Slavic and Germanic tribes who settled in the Balkans. There were also borrowings from the Proto Romanians or Vlachs from the 9th century AD. A few brief written records are preserved from the 15th century, the first being a baptismal formula from 1462. The scattering of books produced in the 16th and 17th centuries originated largely in the Gheg area and reflect Roman Catholic missionary activities. Much of the small stream of literature in the 19th century was produced by exiles. Perhaps the earliest purely literary work of any extent is the 18th-century poetry of Gjul Variboba, of the enclave at San Giorgio, in Calabria. Some literary production continued through the 19th century in the Italian enclaves, but no similar activity is recorded in the Greek areas. All these early historical documents show a language that differs little from the current language. The documents from different regions and times exhibit marked dialect peculiarities, however, they often have a value for linguistic study that greatly outweighs their literary merit. The standard language, written in a standard Roman style orthography adopted in 1909, was based on the south Gheg dialect of Elbasan from the beginning of the Albanian state until World War II and since, has been modeled on Tosk. The Albanian alphabet, that is still in use today, was approved in the Congress of Manastir and it is composed of two main dialects: Gheg and Tosk
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This paper compares the forms and semantics of phraseological units in Bulgarian and Greek, using the head word Fish. The resulting observations of the study allow for the drawing of some linguistic and ethno-psycholinguistic conclusions regarding these two Balkan nations. In analysing the construction of semantic equivalents in the two languages, both complete and partial similarities can be observed. Semantic classification reveals that phraseologisms are personally orientated, and that amongst these, those which characterise qualities, actions, and states evoking negative emotions are seen to dominate.
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