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"Glossary of Silesian Dialects" is the result of many years of scientific work of several generations of linguists from the Silesian Institute in Opole, Poland.
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"Glossary of Silesian Dialects" is the result of many years of scientific work of several generations of linguists from the Silesian Institute in Opole, Poland.
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"Glossary of Silesian Dialects" is the result of many years of scientific work of several generations of linguists from the Silesian Institute in Opole, Poland.
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More than one in four people in the world have online social network accounts; Facebook (FB) alone has over two billion users, and the site is by some estimates the second-most popular in the world after Google. By comparison, VK, the largest Russian social network on the European continent, has more than 460 million registered user profiles and ranks 10th most popular in the world. Even a regional, largely Russian-speaking network Odnoklassniki [literally “Classmates”] can boast some 330 million users and the 27th place worldwide. There is more and more evidence that Russia has been conducting a long-term campaign aimed at a Western audience which includes both so-called soft power tools as well as more active measures. Social networks emerged as active channels through which Russia actively spreads a toxic mix of disinformation and propaganda. Russia views the Baltic states—and their Russian-speaking populations—as key target groups that can be used as focal points for efforts to spread a disruptive influence, reshape political and popular opinion, and reinforce misleading or false images and narratives. The main objective of the current analysis is the study of the demographic, public posts, and behavior patterns of Russian-speaking users of VK, OK, and FB in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. The analysis achieves this by evaluating the general characteristics of its chosen statistical sample of the target audience; analyzing the public profiles and posts of social network users in the target regions; describing the public profiles of users who create, distribute, and consume ideological content; describing the typical online behavior of ideological active users; investigating the structure of the relationships between ideological active users and ideological groups, and examining the rhetoric used in posts while researching thematic associations related to ideological content. A variety of analytical methods were used, including information search algorithms, data visualization, applied linguistics tools, structural network analysis, elements of expert systems theory, trend and opinion analysis, neural networks, and machine learning. Profiles and public Russian-language posts/comments in the three social media networks in the Baltic states served as the analysis sample, with a geographical focal points being the areas in the three states that comprise large Russian-speaking population: the cities of Tallinn, Maardu and Paldiski as well as Ida-Viru county in Estonia; the cities of Riga, Jūrmala, Jelgava and Liepāja as well as the Latgale region in Latvia; the cities of Vilnius, Visaginas, Klaipėda, Kaunas, Šiauliai as well as Šalčininkai and Vilnius districts in Lithuania. Textual analysis, conducted during the period from January 2013 to May 2017, focused on eleven macro topics such as the USSR, World War II, Russia, West, Ukraine, non-citizens, defense forces, Allies, hostile influence, etc., each of which contained a number of carefully chosen keywords. Analysis revealed presence of a relatively small but significant proportion of active ideological users in every network in each of the Baltic states—the ones who primarily create, support, and disseminate pro-Russian rhetoric, exploiting the increasingly well-developed connections among users as well as the growth in the number of public groups featuring ideological content. The analysis in this study shows that 10% of Russian speaking social network users (identified as real people rather than bots) generate 70% of the ideological information found on those networks. Many events taking place offline are used as pretexts to push certain topics into public discussion, making use of dramatic language. Particular attention is paid to topics related to the Second World War, the USSR, present-day Russia, and anti-Western sentiment. Russian-speaking sectors of social networks in the Baltic states are thus widely used both to continue Russia’s information activities against EU and NATO member countries while cementing its own positive image among the Russian-speaking population of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Analysis also revealed clusters of clearly active and interconnected ideological users, each of which specializes in the creation (Writers), distribution (Distributors), or consumption (Readers) of ideological information. In addition, there is a significant number of members of “active reserve”, from which the ranks of the above clusters are replenished. It seems that users who create ideological content on a wide range of macro topics do not give any preference to any particular topic; consequently they have no personal desire to promote certain political values or views, which indicates that they might be motivated by non-ideological factors—perhaps even those that are material in nature. Nonetheless, there is a significant—and growing— number of Russian-speaking social media groups and communities in the three networks members of which are based in the Baltic states and which exhibit pro-Kremlin, pro-Russia and anti-Western orientations. They serve as sources of ideological posts that are widely disseminated by active users who capitalize on their connectivity and visibility among the Russian-speaking users of VK, OK and FB in the Baltics.
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Private letters belong to most interesting materials, as far as their language is concerned. This book presents an insight into contemporary methodological approachesto a linguistic treatment of these materials.
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This publication is the result of research by a young collective (professional staff and doctoral and non-doctoral students) from the Department of Slavonic Studies at Masaryk University’s Faculty of Arts. Its component chapters provide studies on the broadly-defined topic of the urban space in all three zones of the Slavic region—East-Slavic, West-Slavic (Central European), and South Slavic (Balkan-Slavic)—with some carry over into the non-Slavic Balkan environment. The whole publication is based on the area concept, which consists mainly in stepping beyond the conventional borders of traditional philology and creating room for intertwining of philological and social sciences. The individual surveys analyze phenomena traditionally covered by linguistics, language teaching theory, history, religious studies, and literary science.
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Unusual in its theme, this comprehensive publication should please not only experts in onomastics but also fans of rail transport. For the first time, they can discover detailed linguistic analysis of the names of 357 trains that have been crossing the Czech Republic since its foundation. The core of the book consists in an extensive dictionary of proper names of train lines where each train connection is accompanied with a table of extra-linguistic factors such as the train category, its number, departure and destination, route, and time of operation. Supplementary charts and maps are provided at the end.
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Proceedings of the Czech and Slovak Conference of Hispanists “Setkání hispanistů / Encuentro de hispanistas Brno 2012”, held at the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures of Masaryk University from 30th November to 1st December 2012. The proceedings contain 16 papers presented by Czech and Slovak Hispanists and PhD students dealing with the latest research carried out in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in the fields of Hispanic linguistics, literatures, cultures, and translatology.
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Publication deals with critical history of Spanish Gypsy lexicography. In first place, it pays attention to the theoretical lexicography and it applies its rules, mainly from the area of lexicographical criticism, to the corpus of Spanish Gypsy dictionaries. The main part of the book presents a critical study of repertoires of lexical units of this mixed dialect, starting from the 16th and 18th centuries manuscripts, 19th century amateur lexicographers’ dictionaries and ending up with 20th century ones. Final chapters look closely to Spanish Gypsy vocabularies and lists of lexical units present in publications about flamenco and Spanish Gypsies in general.
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This book analyzes in contrastive way Czech and Bulgarian translations of phrasemes of two Serbian prose works: The Bridge on the Drina by Ivo Andrić (1945) and Dictionary of the Khazars by Milorad Pavić (1984). It tracks and describes the formal, semantic and stylistic variations of Czech and Bulgarian translation solutions while trying to answer the question, to what extent the greater typological linguistic proximity is playing bigger role at the accuracy of the translation of phraseology (Czech is thus closer to Serbian than Bulgarian) and to what extent the genetic and cultural-historical propinquity is more important (Bulgarian to Serbian is thus closer than Czech).
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It could appear that people use the same language in school as they do everywhere else. Nonetheless, school language is so specific that it is often considered to be a foreign language. In fact, students begin to learn particular facts together with ways to talk about them as soon as they enter school. The sole purpose of this book is to examine this process which is typically called school-language socialization. The book, based on empirical research of classes of Czech language at lower secondary schools, describes how students learn to use language in a specific culturally determined way in conformity with the customary teaching activities of a given school subject.
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Collection of papers “Current issues of the Russian language teaching XII” is devoted to issues of methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, to issues of linguistics and literary science. It is a result of the international scientific conference of the same name which took place on 9–11 May 2016 in Brno (Czech Republic).
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The study presents a stylistic textual analysis based on examples of film reviews and similar texts devoted to film as published in a variety of German magazines and newspapers (both printed an on-line). The corpus analyzed contains 470 texts about films from German magazines and dailies Der Spiegel, Focus, Die Zeit, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, sueddeutsche.de etc. The comparative aspect is represented by several Czech sources, such as texts from the website iDnes.cz.
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The present book combines the results of my studies on developmental psychology, theories on humour, translation theories and cognitive linguistics with the special emphasis on the theory of mental spaces and conceptual integration. Gill Fauconnier and Mark Turner’s model of conceptual blending serves as a basis for creating mental maps that can be used by translators as tools in translating humour, especially wordplays. // The book contains several examples of translating humorous elements taken from English children’s literature (Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, Roald Dahl’s The BFG and Francesca Simon’s Horrid Henry) into Polish and Portuguese in its European and Brazilian version with the use of mental maps. Cognitive aspects of translation are strongly emphasised, while translation theories and developmental psychology can be treated as a background for translation analysis and evaluation.
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The monograph deals with the research of the composer Bedřich Smetana’s Czech. Smetana (1824–1884) lived in the period of time which is, in works on history of Czech language, referred to as revival or post-revival. From the linguistic perspective, this period is typical of replacement of German by Czech in the function of high communication variety and formation of modern standard language norm. The publication poses a question how contemporary speakers, who were educated but were not professionally involved in Czech language (as e. g. writers or journalists), mastered this norm. By the analysis of orthographical, grammatical and also complementarily of lexical aspects of Smetana’s correspondence, the monograph demonstrates how is Smetana’s expressing prototypical and in contrary extraordinary. The aim of the work is also to contribute to the knowledge of constitutive standard language of the second half of the 19th century.
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The paper deals with the Russian folk tales and predictions describing the wedding rites and roles of their participants with regard not only to the ceremony itself but also to its meaning. These elements, i.e. roles, action, meaning are reflected via the present and future states that the participants are and will be in. The fiancée is presented as a key character from the point of view of her role and meaning in the stages of the ceremony. The world of objects is described as a special one with regard to the reality and the impact this world has upon a human being and vice versa. The author suggests a number of attitudes towards the potential, virtual typologies connected with the meanings of the paradigmatic units. The units are presented with regard to their structure and position in general semantics.
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The mistakes made by Chinese language learners, criminal law conditions in Arab countries or family love shown in Bollywood productions are just a few of the issues that readers can get find in this volume which aims to discuss problems related to Asian societies, languages and cultures, as well as to help them see the mutual influences and connections with the Western world. The texts are the fruit of an interdisciplinary scientific conference OMIS, organised by the Institute of Linguistics of the University of Silesia. Thanks to a variety of topics and accessible language, the publication is an excellent source of knowledge not only for specialists.
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This volume represents a collection of texts presented in the form of scientific interventions during the annual French-speaking colloquium organized for the XXIVth consecutive time by our French Department of the Faculty of Letters of the University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" of Iași. In 2019, the general theme of this international event was that of irony. Laughter, questioning of seriousness, withdrawal from the gravity and implacability of fate, humor and other literary and linguistic forms of irony are therefore the main subjects of our book.
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The volume presents eleven articles written by participants of the Eighth Brno Conference on Linguistics Studies in English held in September 2019. The papers (including two plenary speeches delivered by Prof. Julia Hüttner from University of Vienna, and Assoc. Prof. Markéta Malá from Charles University, Prague) offer a range of linguistic topics, covering media discourse, learner discourse (e.g. CLIL), literary genre, language of advertising, and the interdisciplinary approach to language and international relations, to name just a few.
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The book Synergistic Application aims at investigating the synergistic application of metaphorical and humorous elements in Polish and English multimodal press ads. The presence of conceptual similarities as regards both construction and understanding of humour and metaphor, seen through the lens of the theory of conceptual integration, is a starting point for discussion. The analysis of advertising material makes it possible to investigate joint workings of the phenomena in question. Furthermore, research participants’ feelings on perceived attractiveness and funniness levels of the ads sampled are examined. The results help to check how the informants understand the mechanisms inducing humour and metaphor in ads, which allows for the identification of both similarities and differences between the two language samples.
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