Post-totalitarian Difference and In-difference Différence Post-totalitariste et In-différence

Author(s): Daniela Ţuchel / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2010

Le but de cet article est de discuter le problème des attitudes post-totalitaristes envers quelques différences qui sont la conséquence des pressions sociales. D'une part, la pression d'être différent peut générer un résultat surprenant, la condition de devenir indifférent. D'autre part, l'investigation de ce qui se trouve derrière une différence conduit à une spécificité roumaine dans la manifestation factuelle et dans l'analyse critique. En explorant plusieurs articles contenus dans la publication Dilema Veche, je signalerai des hypostases comme l'utilisateur de blog adulte, le consommateur ethno-botaniste, la femme qui tient un journal intime, le uichendist dans Land of Choice, l'enfant autiste. Tous ceux-ci forment une liste de rộles qui occupent la première et la deuxième place dans la société roumaine. Ces sujets sont examinés par une variété d'auteurs flexibles dans leur argumentation et préparés du point de vue de la rhétorique à nous convaincre que ces caractères ont un statut qui les singularise. C'est une illustration de la réflexion de Henry David Thoreau qui croyait que si un individu ne peut pas s'intégrer c'est parce qu'il entend une autre voix. Je vais analyser les réalisations métaphoriques du posttotalitarisme et les techniques discursives que chaque contributeur à la publication Dilema Veche (M. Chivu, L. Popescu, S. Giurgeanu, E. Istodor et M. Şchiopu) utilise pour construire la thèse de la différenciation de l'individu qui entend une autre voix.

Obraz polityczek w okresie wyborów parlamentarnych 2015 w wybranych polskich tygodnikach opinii a teoria zagłuszanej grupy

Author(s): Katarzyna Brzoza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

This article presents the results of a content analysis of the opinion weekly magazines - „Wprost”, „Polityka”, Newsweek Polska” and „Do Rzeczy”. The Polish parliamentary campaign in 2015 is the period of research. The aim of the conducted analysis is to show if the Polish politician women are presented in the publications and what image of women involved in politics is promoted by the reviewed weeklies. The collected research materials analyse through the prism of assumptions of Muted Group Theory (MGT) created by Edwin Ardener and popularized by Cheris Kramarae.

Komunikacja polityczna za pośrednictwem Internetu przez pokolenie Y

Author(s): Wiktor Widera / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The aim of this article is to present a fragment of the research results obtained during the implementation of the research project: "Communicating Policy Actors". The research was aimed at diagnosing the activity of the "Y" generation in political communication via the Internet. The research was conducted among the community of students studying in Katowice, at faculties of science, journalism, communication and new media. Apart from the assumed above-average use of new media tools by students, the rationale for directing research at students was their potential participation in professional life, in which they are consulted on everyday political activities. The research hypothesis was that the respondents were aware of the importance of their participation in political communication.

NATO jako podmiot komunikowania politycznego

Author(s): Justyna Arendarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The article raises the issue how the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation communicates with the broad public and how the organisation creates its image in the social media. The paper presents quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the communication that was published on the official NATO account on Twitter in the first three months of 2017. The aim of the study was to determine who is the main recipient of the communication, and what kind of language is used by the sender. In the main hypothesis author claims that the language and format of the communication does illustrate the effect of mediatization on communication processes in online media. The author proved that even the language and format of the communication on security issues are formatted according to the requirements of online media and thus, are affected by the mediatization processes.

Praktyczny wymiar demokracji lokalnej. Model współpracy Miasta Szczecin z organizacjami pozarządowymi

Author(s): Krzysztof Kowalczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The aim of this article is to analyze the cooperation of the City of Szczecin with non-governmental organizations in the years 2012-2016. The article deals with the formal and legal aspects of cooperation, the potential of Szczecin NGOs, selected areas of co-operation within the three dimensions and conclusions. The hypothesis assumes that the City of Szczecin is a model example of cooperation with non-governmental organizations.

Comparative study to explore factors affecting E-government ranking: the case of Malaysia, Nigeria and Republic of Korea

Author(s): Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad,Rozaini Sheik Osman Wan,Muhammad Shahzad Aslam / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The present study aims to find out the criteria for e-government ranking generally as well as particularly focusing on Malaysia’s e-government ranking. In addition, with regard to the Malaysia’s e-government ranking, the results shown that, most of the Human Capital, Online Services and Telecommunication Infrastructure and its sub-indicators has not seen any improvement through the previous periods comparing with other countries such as Republic of Korea. Indeed, this comparative study sought to highlight of the tangible part of the e-government ranking through explored the gap between the e-government of Malaysia and other countries such as Republic of Korea. Moreover, this study discovered the weakest dimensions of e-government applications to assist the government to address them. Besides that, this comparative study also attempts to help the countries all over the world especially those developing ones in enhancing the performance of the e-government simply by understanding the reasons of the utilization by the respective stakeholders.

Izborni sistemi i Duvergerov zakon

Author(s): Štefica Deren-Antoljak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 02/1992

Scholarly and political debates demonstrate that there is no unique opinion concerning the significance of electoral systems and of their relationship towards party systems. The author discusses three controversial questions: 1) the importance of electoral systems; 2) concrete political effects; 3) the evaluation of electoral systems with regard to party systems. Special attention is paid to Duverger’s understanding of the influence exercised by electoral systems upon the party system and to the re-formulations of Duverger’s stands expressed in works by Douglas W. Rae, William Riker, and Giovanni Sartori. The author believes that the impact of the electoral system upon the party system cannot be understood simply in terms of definitions and abstract features but ought to be evaluated through an analysis of the electoral system in its concrete social and political context. The effects of electoral systems cannot be separated from concrete socio-political structures and processes nor from specific socio-political circumstances within an electoral system is created.

Politička romantika u hrvatskoj političkoj kulturi

Author(s): Davor Rodin / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 02/1992

C. Schmitt’s book »Political Romanticism« is the author’s starting point in this treatise on romanticism and romantics in the sphere of politics and political action. He points to the fact that political action and artistic presentation of political action differ and cannot be compared. He shows that 1) problems which can be approached only politically cannot be dealt with aesthetically, religiously, or ethnically; 2) political action cannot be romantically indicted as being the cause of ethnic, social, and religious conflicts because these occur exactly when the political ground is being abandoned; 3) the social sciences represent forms of a scientific decontextualization of the political process from which it follows that scientific insights cannot serve as an instrument for rational political action. In the context of political life in Croatia, the author concludes, political romanticism and its ignoring of reality can be counterproductive. Therefore the political problems of the Republic of Croatia cannot be solved aesthetically but only through moral, legal, and political means.

Netherlands’ Media vs. Ukraine’s Communication Efforts: The Case of the Netherlands’ Referendum in 2016

Author(s): Natalia Karpchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2017

Ukraine has redeclared its way to European integration which means the arrangement of not only the information campaign directed at the Ukrainians but the promotion campaign directed at foreign public. A serious communication challenge was caused by the advisory referendum in the Netherlands concerning the ratification of the EU–Ukraine Association Agreement. Ukraine had to counteract the well-organized media campaign held by the Dutch Eurosceptics. The Ukraine’s communication efforts are analyzed within the context of the Dutch referendum, 2016.

Azja Centralna: polityka, gospodarka, społeczeństwo

Author(s): Łukasz Żołądek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The European Union will draw up a proposal for a new strategy for Central Asia by the end of 2019. In this context, the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of Central Asia region, consisting of five former Soviet republics: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. The author discusses history of the region, current political situation, economy, as well as main social problems in these states.

Problem tożsamości politologii

Author(s): Czesław Mojsiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2009

Każda dyscyplina naukowa dąży do zachowania tożsamości. Ramy dyscyplin są określone, np. w filozofii, socjologii, historii, ekonomii, psychologii, i w ich obrębie specjalizują się pracownicy, tak naukowi, jak i dydaktyczni. W nauce istnieje pojęcie pól naukowych kompetencji, a w ich ramach – problem naukowych specjalizacji – są dziedziny wiedzy i wąsko pojętych ram specjalizacji naukowej. W nich występują pola naukowej kompetencji i koncepcje specjalizacji naukowych. Historia pokazuje istnienie ściśle wytyczonych granic pól istniejących w całokształcie wiedzy o jednostce ludzkiej i społeczeństwie w poszczególnych jej dyscyplinach. To ogranicza występowanie tzw. omnibusów naukowych i dydaktycznych. W praktyce mamy do czynienia z problemem pola kompetencji naukowych i granic specjalności (specjalizacji). Występuje trudność w określeniu pogranicza między poszczególnymi dyscyplinami (pedagogika-psychologia, pedagogika-socjologia, pedagogika-filozofia, politologia-historia itp.). Jak wytyczyć granice podziału naukowych i dydaktycznych zainteresowań, działalności pracowników? Na tym tle stale toczą się spory i dyskusje.

Klasyczne podejścia do interpretacji praktyk poznawczych podmiotu w polityce: od czasów antycznych do średniowiecza

Author(s): Andriy Garbadyn / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2014

The importance of research on theoretical understanding of the problem of cognitive practices in political science and traditional explanations of cognitive practices as a basic mechanism for explaining policy are presented in the article. The ways cognition was understood by thinkers in antiquity and the Middle Ages are explained. The article also presents the understanding of political institutions and processes and the place of a person as the primary subject of knowledge.

A marxi és engelsi szocializmuskép és az átmeneti társadalom

Author(s): János Juhász / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/1985

Politikai polarizáció és gazdasági sikertelenség az európai demokráciákban

Author(s): Veronika Patkós / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2017

The paper investigates the connection between voter group polarization and economic performance in European democracies. According to a common hypothesis in the literature, the polarisation of voter groups increases insecurity, harms accountability, and reduces government effi ciency. By and large, due to these effects, the economic performance of the more polarised countries is also supposed to be weaker than that of the less polarised ones. However, there has so far been little empirical study of this connection, especially in the context of European countries. The paper investigates the data of 30 European countries between 2002 and 2013. Controlling for several variables, the study found – in line with the hypothesis – a signifi cant and widespread inverse relationship between party polarisation and economic performance. It can thus be concluded that strong party polarisation among groups of voters is not only an important issue for the study of voter behaviour but can also be linked to poorer economic performance.

Idea liberalizmu v pragmatickej perspektíve hľadania slobody a lepšieho sveta

Author(s): Daniel Dobiáš / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2018

In the intellectual tradition of Europe, there is the core of the desire to be recognized as a human being in an idea of dignity, freedom and moral will, supported by the power of human reason. The abovementioned characteristics limit and at the same time allow the reflection of steady conceptual structures in the evolution of liberalism. The present study deals with the civilization trajectory of human reality in the evolution of liberalism, where the individualistic ethos constantly oscillates about the attempts to accept social, moral and collective identity transcending the individual dimension of existence. From our point of view, the perspective of awareness of ambiguity and paradoxical content of individual parameters of liberalism, is a mirror image of how those conditions differ from the standard assumptions formulated in theory.

Směrem k evoluční politologii

Author(s): Bohumír Štědroň,Jakub Štědroň / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2018

The article founded the new scientific discipline: “Evolutionary politology”. The traditional discipline “Politology” failed in many cases, for example a lack of predictions in connection with the disintegration of the former Soviet Union. The objective of this study is to describe the main principle of evolutionary politology including methodology of evolutionary biology (political systems follow similar stages to biological systems) or computational models (A.Lichtmann procedure developed for the elections in the USA). This new Lichtmann forecasting procedure is creatively applied to Germany, France and Austria in the article. In the conclusion it is stressed that evolutionary politology is able to predict the evolution of the political systems including proposing the necessary political reforms

Berlinov zisk uznania a spoločenského statusu ako podmienka nahradzujúca moc

Author(s): Magdaléna Steinhauser Wesserlová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2018

The definition of Berlin's fundamental freedom as well as their analysis are not part of the traditional interpretations of Isaiah Berlin's ideas, as even Berlin itself in his work does not set forth the postulates of its theory. The complexity of the subject under discussion is also inconsistent because the problem of negative freedom is not one of the most discussed topics in the field of political philosophy. Discourse on this topic in the region of Central Europe pays only narrow attention. Hence, in the present study, one of an alternative of one the potential conditions of Isaiah Berlin's negative freedom was proposed. The paper tried to define, describe and analyze the position appreciation of the human. Since it is not always possible to perceive appreciation as a potential factor extend the level of freedom, but its attainment can easily incite a person to skid the way of using the power associated with the gain of a certain social status, it has to be shown that the condition corresponding more to the positive type of freedom can under certain circumstances, also serve to find the boundaries of negative freedom. As a results of ascertainments was that each gain in the valuation or the gain of the social position, if it is for the benefit of a company or part of the company, can incite the expansion of the extend of human freedom. This does not mean that the person is in direct proportion to own appreciation becomes powerful and uses his power against others. The research through a different perspective on Berlin's problem of acquisition of appreciation highlighted different action of the influence of appreciation on a variety of people, and thus proved that the gain of recognition can be considered as a marginal condition of negative freedom.

DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SERVICES AND PRODUCTS IN UZBEKISTAN DURING GLOBALIZATION

Author(s): Feruza Khayrullaevna Sidikova,Bobur Abbasovich Shermukhamedov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The main purpose of the article is investigation of the issues of development of information services and products in Uzbekistan during globalization role of information and communicative technologies in development international business and trade. As the results of the research there revealed a connection of introducing electronic commerce and business in practice of firms, corporation and banks there conducted changes in the character of carrying out commercial and financial transactions, interrelations with partners and clients, elaborations and introduction business strategies and competition itself. In the conclusion there offered the suggestions of joining and adjusting to each other varying legislation of different countries and developing international system of taxation of Internet commerce satisfying all participants of electronic trading transactions.

THE EUROPEAN UNION’S RELATIONS WITH GREENLAND

Author(s): Magdalena Tomala / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Greenland has a special relationship with the European Union due to its link with the Kingdom of Denmark – Greenland’s mother country. As a result, Greenland shares some parts of the EU’s internal market via association agreements. Greenland, has become a meeting place of American, European and Asian interests in the Arctic. It is therefore essential that the EU doesn’t lose the North and keeps strengthening its relationship with Greenland. After having focused its attention on the East and the South, it is high time that the European Union looks further North, notably through a more ambitious Arctic Window in its Northern sphere of influence.

Választás helyett sorsolás. David Van Reybrouck kettős reprezentativitás-elmélete

Author(s): Ágoston Sámuel Mráz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2018

David Van Reybrouck: Gegen Wahlen. Warum Abstimmen nicht demokratisch ist. Wallstein Verlag, 2016