Język – lektura – interpretacja w dydaktyce szkolnej
Language, reading, and interpretation in school didactics
Contributor(s): Ewa Jaskółowa (Editor), Małgorzata Wójcik-Dudek (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Summary/Abstract: We invite you to read a collection of texts by scholars whose investigations into the role of school education is akin to the reflection of Rabindranath Tagore embedded in such values as: freedom, one’s own thoughts, mutual understanding. One might even venture to say that freedom warrants the process of including a person ’s thoughts into a broader corpus of ideas making up the human heritage, and confronting one’s thoughts with Others in order to better understand oneself and Another. In this very dialogue transcending time and space, a non-trivial role is played by education, for which one of the major tasks, if not the paramount one, is preparing one to being able to intepret, which means not so much to comprehend but to carry on on the road to mutual understanding. (A fragment from the Introduction)
Series: Pedagogika, Dydaktyka
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-226-3466-0
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-226-3465-3
- Page Count: 282
- Publication Year: 2018
- Language: Polish
Mieczysława Mitera‑Dobrowolska – twórczyni katowickiej Katedry Dydaktyki Polonistycznej
Mieczysława Mitera‑Dobrowolska – twórczyni katowickiej Katedry Dydaktyki Polonistycznej
(Mieczysława Mitera-Dobrowolska – the founder of the Katowice Chair of Linguistic Didactics and Polish Literature)
- Author(s):Zofia Adamczykowa
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:9-19
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:history of didactics; the Chair of Linguistic Didactics and Polish Literature of the University of Silesia; Mitera-Dobrowolska
- Summary/Abstract:The article is a memory of Professor Mieczysława Mitera-Dobrowolska, the founder of the Chair of Linguistic Didactics and Polish Literature of the University of Silesia in Katowice. In the text devoted to the researcher, the author recalls not only the professor’s biography, but also the methods of working with students she that had developed, as well as a reflection on the condition of university didactics.
- Price: 4.50 €
Przeciw interpretacji? Szkolna lektura a wiedza literaturoznawcza
Przeciw interpretacji? Szkolna lektura a wiedza literaturoznawcza
(Against interpretation? School reading and specialist knowledge of literature)
- Author(s):JACEK KANIEWSKI
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:21-34
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:interpretation; prescribed reading;didactics;
- Summary/Abstract:The text considers the influence of the knowledge and interpretation of literature, as it is on the curriculum, on interpretation of art in the school. The author asks what type of prescribed reading has been introduced by documents regulating formal education in High School and how the method of interpretation of an art piece impacts students’ reading motivation. This study considers programs that have been in place since 1970 and indicates that prescribed readings are treated in an instrumental way, which has a negative impact on students’ reading motivation. How prescribed readings are used in the Matura exam was also used to emphasise the discussed processes.
- Price: 4.50 €
Parafraza czy interpretacja?
Parafraza czy interpretacja?
(Paraphrasis and interpretation)
- Author(s):Krzysztof Biedrzycki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:35-42
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:interoretation; paraphrasis; literary theory;Zbigniew Herbert;
- Summary/Abstract:Cleanth Brooks refused to treat an interpretation as a paraphrase. He understood a paraphrase as an indication of the ‘real’ core of the text’s sense, and its expression in non-literary language. This often results in the fact that the poem or novel is replaced by the paraphrase. Bartosz Brożek says a paraphrase is the essence of an interpretation. In his concept, it is an expression of the text’s sense in an alternative way, only one out of a numerous different possibilities. Both ideas could be reconciled. Brożek describes a general rule, Brooks – a particular case of adopting one paraphrase as an ultimate text’s explanation. The interpretation of the poem The Envoy of Mr Cogito by Zbigniew Herbert is an example of the simplifying paraphrase in Brooks’ meaning and various possible paraphrases in Brożek’s understanding.
- Price: 4.50 €
Społeczna odpowiedzialność edukacji polonistycznej
Społeczna odpowiedzialność edukacji polonistycznej
(Social responsibility of Polish philology)
- Author(s):Magdalena Ochwat
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:43-56
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:social responsibility of Polish studies education; reportage; socially responsible reading; Martha C. Nussbaum; critical thinking; critical reading;civic education;
- Summary/Abstract:The title of my article refers to the concept of Social Responsibility of Universities. Solidarity in thinking, ultimately humanistic, based on caring for others and being interested in their lives, is becoming crucial in education. It is the school, and especially Polish language classes that should provide a general framework for permanent debate on social issues that are filled with solidarity and empathy. That is why I decided to reflect on a series of publications that could perfectly fill the gap and provide relevant, up-to-date, multinational, civic-minded texts. Out of a myriad of excellent reporters rated for their social responsibility, I selected four titles that can be discussed in Polish secondary school with respect to both global and national problems.
- Price: 4.50 €
Jak mówi literatura, a jak mówi się o literaturze w szkole?
Jak mówi literatura, a jak mówi się o literaturze w szkole?
(How literature speaks, and how literature is spoken about at school)
- Author(s):Anna Janus‑Sitarz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:57-64
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:reading methodology; reading diary; interpretation;Sándor Márai;
- Summary/Abstract:The author of the article presents arguments concerning the importance of the art of asking questions and talking about the work of literature for the interpretation of a literary text. The researcher sees the reasons for the reluctance of young people to read in unsophisticated and poorly conducted conversations on the required readings. The formula of interpretative speech with the thesis, which is obligatory during the exam and not very well-trained in lessons, has little to do with the need and pleasure of sharing thoughts about the reading. The author therefore proposes other methods of the encounter with the text, e.g. ‘a reading diary’ modelled on the records of Sándor Márai.
- Price: 4.50 €
Ciągłość czy wydarzenie? Pytanie o cel dydaktyki lektury
Ciągłość czy wydarzenie? Pytanie o cel dydaktyki lektury
(Continuity or event? The question about the purpose of didactics of reading)
- Author(s):Krystyna Koziołek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:65-75
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:reading; interpretation;meditation;
- Summary/Abstract:The researcher proves that the purpose of didactics of reading is to create the continuity, although the process takes place due to an encounter with a specific, finite and single text. This means that the teacher, while working with his/her pupils on developing careful reading of individual works, at the same time imparts the knowledge not about a set or a collection of texts, but how to see literature in every single poem and story. Only thus the continuity is being formed. It is understood not as a consequence of subsequent texts, but as the repetition of point reading, which is possible thanks to being active and meditation. Hence, the repetition of the reading renews the text and reading, that is literature, resulting in an insatiable habit, which is the real purpose of didactics of reading.
- Price: 4.50 €
Lekcja jako doświadczenie transgresji. O przekraczaniu horyzontu oczekiwań
Lekcja jako doświadczenie transgresji. O przekraczaniu horyzontu oczekiwań
(Lesson as an experience of transgression. On transgressing the horizon of expectations)
- Author(s):Tomasz Pawlus
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:77-84
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:interpretation; critical thinking; transgression; horizon of expectations;Martha Nussbaum;
- Summary/Abstract:The article refers to the lesson of Polish language given by the author, the aim of which was to examine the mechanism of negotiating the limits of interpretation as a language act, and to assess the student’s creativity. Such a way of designing a lesson is subject to, above all, two concepts deriving from the sphere of philosophical and sociological thought: ‘transgression’ and ‘horizon of expectations’. Both phenomena have a decisive impact on the work of creative thinking in the school space as an institution of knowledge. The researcher, by referring to the practice of the teaching profession, gives reasons behind the importance of one of Martha Nussbaum’s postulates in humanistic education, that is, the duty to support critical thinking.
- Price: 4.50 €
Co pomaga przyszłym nauczycielom i uczniom w interpretacji literatury?
Co pomaga przyszłym nauczycielom i uczniom w interpretacji literatury?
(What aids trainee teacher and students in interpreting literature?)
- Author(s):Danuta Łazarska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:85-97
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:prospective teachers of Polish; students; interpretation; analysis;literature;
- Summary/Abstract:The author has focused on selected results of the research conducted in the academic year 2016/17 in a group of trainee teachers, that is students of Polish Philology. It was them who gathered and edited reflections concerning the significance of studying poetics and theory of literature for prospective teachers. The empirical data compiled in this way is very extensive and conducive to multidirectional analysis. The article presents only the results that concern students’ ideas about what may be useful for trainee teacher and students in the task of interpreting literature. The conclusions offer an insight into the question of what literature itself may turn out to be for them.
- Price: 4.50 €
Charakterystyka postaci jako źródło wiedzy antropologicznej
Charakterystyka postaci jako źródło wiedzy antropologicznej
(Description of the character as a source of anthropological knowledge about human)
- Author(s):Mirosław Grzegórzek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:99-114
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:poetics of experience; literary figure; anthropology; description of the character;identity;
- Summary/Abstract:The school as locus educandi is, in many acpects, an anthropological place. It is here where the individual subjectivity interacts with the Others and their narrations mainly by having contact with the texts of culture. Through promoting personal patterns, attitudes and ways of living in literary texts, they play a vital identity-creative role in personal and cultural dimensions for young people in the period of their adolescence. In the postmodern cultural mix of continuous reality – different points of view and values held, the patterns and authorities change into idols or become utterly defied, yet always essential for the right development of personality. The literary personal patterns, since they comprise some specific values, in the ethical ergo existential dimension, shape the human life. Reading, as practicing the otherness, and the ethical interpretative attitudes, which carry newness, uniqueness and the individuality of experience, in reference to direct talking about a man, are reflected in the character description. In the outlined context, it is a genre that merges the anthropological knowledge about a man in the school. The article presents the reflections resulting from empirical studies. The reflections concern the self-characteristics of the middle school students and senior pupils of primary school, considered as peculiar images of people in the modern world: the tools and testimonies of preserving, constructing and overcoming one’s identity in the relation to the other person, that is the change of the world, another human being and himself over time.
- Price: 4.50 €
Pogranicza intuicji i wiedzy – percepcyjne możliwości młodzieży w zakresie odkrywania językowego obrazu świata
Pogranicza intuicji i wiedzy – percepcyjne możliwości młodzieży w zakresie odkrywania językowego obrazu świata
(The margins of intuition and knowledge – perceptual capabilities of the youth for discovering the cultural image of the world)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Grudzińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:115-129
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:cultural linguistics; linguistic image of the world; cultural image of the world;language education;
- Summary/Abstract:The article is based on the results of a research survey carried out in upper secondary schools, covered by the theory of cultural linguistics. A test of six elaborate tasks was used to diagnose the perceptual potential of young people for discovering the image of a culture hidden in language. It also helped to find out whether the high school students were tempted to take a language education course to reflect on the cultural image of the world. The results show that nearly half of the surveyed youth have a problem with delving into the hidden linguistic meanings – what is the main obstacle to the perception of linguistic phenomena is the historical perspective. The greatest difficulty for young people is to decipher the image of the past hidden in phraseological and proverbial terms and to understand the historical variability of the lexical layer of language. It can be assumed that the high school students had not come across such problems in their language lessons, whereas the results of the research have unambiguously indicated that cultural linguistic issues positively affect the student’s motivation. It is an attractive topic for high school students, which leads them to adopt cognitive attitudes towards language learning.
- Price: 4.50 €
LEGO‑LOGOS jako alternatywna metoda pracy z tekstem literackim
LEGO‑LOGOS jako alternatywna metoda pracy z tekstem literackim
(LEGO LOGOS as an alternative method of working with the literary text)
- Author(s):Anna Podemska‑Kałuża
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:131-143
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:innovative method of working with a text; active metods;interpretation;
- Summary/Abstract:LEGO-LOGOS is an innovative method of working with a text, which has been found effective in school didactics. This method introduces LEGO bricks, extremely popular among children and young people, for creative education: the teacher can activate them during the analysis and interpretation of the texts from the literary canon. The use of LEGO-LOGOS during the periods of Polish language mobilizes students to an exchange of reflections, increases their verbal involvement, raises the student’s readiness for a creative receptive game with a text. Due to this alternative method of teaching-learning, the students are more eager to undertake the tasks of analysis and interpretation, to which it is usually hard to motivate them.
- Price: 4.50 €
Po cóż patrzeć na ptaki? Ornitofauna Janka Muzykanta
Po cóż patrzeć na ptaki? Ornitofauna Janka Muzykanta
(Why look at birds? Janko The Musician’s avifauna)
- Author(s):Magdalena Paprotny
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:145-155
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:didactic; Janko the musician; human animal studies;zoophilology;
- Summary/Abstract:The article is an attempt to present how the perception of closely relations between a human and animals may encourage a school interpretation. The author points out that teacher is capable of enlarging and deepening knowledge and hobbies of his/her pupils by adopting a cross-disciplinary attitude in a Polish literature lesson. Moreover, the changing of the perspective of view (from the anthropocentric to the zoocentric), will be conducive to the pupils’ creative thinking while solve problems, and empathy.
- Price: 4.50 €
Poeta, osiołek i Moguer w prozie poetyckiej Juana Ramóna Jiméneza
Poeta, osiołek i Moguer w prozie poetyckiej Juana Ramóna Jiméneza
(The Poet, the Donkey and the Town of Moguer in prose poem by Jiménez)
- Author(s):Ewa Ogłoza
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:157-175
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:the poetp; the Donkey and the town of Moguer in prose poem by Jiménez
- Summary/Abstract:In the article I make the Polish reader familiar with a book published more than one hundred years ago, which has not lost its artistic values and literary charm, though. The prose poem by Juana Ramón Jiménez entitled “Platero y yo” (translated into Polish as Srebrzynek i ja or Srebroń i ja) provides a tender portrait of the donkey, describes the feelings and emotions of the man who is simultaneously the narrator, and represents many details of the topography, landscape, fauna and flora, and the everyday life in the Andalusian town of Moguer. In the article I elaborate on all these subjects. Besides describing the literary world and the narration mode, I add didactic advice of what drama techniques could a Polish language teacher make use of in their classes.
- Price: 4.50 €
O użyciach i nadużyciach fotografii oraz o jej „użyteczności” na lekcjach języka polskiego na przykładzie jednej fotografii z Zagłady
O użyciach i nadużyciach fotografii oraz o jej „użyteczności” na lekcjach języka polskiego na przykładzie jednej fotografii z Zagłady
(About the use and abuse of photography and about its ‘utility’ during Polish lessons illustrated with the example of a photograph from the Holocaust)
- Author(s):Beata GROMADZKA
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:177-189
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:photography; Holocaust;education;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this article is to present the educational possibilities of using photographs from the Holocaust. The choice of medium is due to the fact that photography is a form of communication familiar to the students and their communication practices. The initial point for discussion is the fate of a photo from the liquidation of the ghetto in Warsaw – Pulled out of the bunkers from The Stroop album. Recreating his story, analysing the message itself and using it in culture (critical art, popular culture) are examples of the use and abuse of photographs of suffering Nazi victims. The analysis of the Holocaust photographs in lessons devoted to the literary representations of this subject enables to launch a new cognitive, emotional and aesthetic perspective. The purpose of the proposed educational activities is to develop an attitude of understanding survival against a difficult and ethical challenge of the Holocaust and its representation.
- Price: 4.50 €
O sztuce i historii na języku polskim Interpretacja Pierwszej fotografii Hitlera Wisławy Szymborskiej
O sztuce i historii na języku polskim Interpretacja Pierwszej fotografii Hitlera Wisławy Szymborskiej
(On art and history in Polish language lesson Interpretation of Hitler’s first photograph by Wisława Szymborska)
- Author(s):Jadwiga Maksym‑Kaczmarek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:191-203
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:photography; education;Wisława Szymborska;
- Summary/Abstract:The main part of the publication is the presentation of conclusions from the interpretation of the poem by Wisława Szymborska – Hitler’s first photograph in the context of studies into photography by Susan Sontag and Roland Barthes. In the process of interpretation, the author shows different ways of using photography in the poetry by Szymborska. Additionally, the presented text has an interdisciplinary nature. Due to the used form it refers to the art of photography, and due to its content it refers to the universal history. In conclusions there are presented some ideas for including this poem into lessons of Polish language.
- Price: 4.50 €
Etyka interpretacji jako doświadczanie lektury tekstu. Studium praktyczne: Theodore Roethke Walc mojego taty (1942)
Etyka interpretacji jako doświadczanie lektury tekstu. Studium praktyczne: Theodore Roethke Walc mojego taty (1942)
(Ethics of interpretation as experiencing of reading the text Practical study: Theodore Roethke My Papa’s waltz (1942))
- Author(s):Anna Włodarczyk
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:205-217
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:otherness, ethics of interpretation; ethical turn; reading; text experience
- Summary/Abstract:Article Ethics of interpretation as experiencing of reading the text. Practical study: Theodore Roethke ‘My Papa’s waltz’ (1942) has been devoted to reflections on academic reading of the text in terms of the use of modern methodology and literary studies in Polish didactics. In the first part the author explicates what critical ethics is and what consequences the ethical turn has in the theory of interpretation. The major problem of research boils down to examining what relevant for the interpreter results from the relationship of ethics and literature. How does the Nussbaum thesis about school duty in supporting critical thinking foster the process of shaping a young person’s worldview and personal development, his /her existence and life style? In the first place, however, the teacher themselves must be prepared for it, that is, equipped with certain practices and skills, and ready to face the unknown, indefinable and difficult. In the second part of the article, based on the poem of Theodore Roethke My Papa’s Waltz (1942), a practical study of interpretation and translation of the text has been subjected to analysis. As a consequence, ethical reading took place on two levels: through perceiving the text as an event and an artifact from almost a hundred years ago, and also from today’s point of view. The ethics of reading is meant to show the process and reveal the full text of the reading.
- Price: 4.50 €
Zatrzymane w czasie. Romantyczne inspiracje fantastyki, grozy i pamięci Osobliwy dom Pani Peregrine Ransoma Riggsa jako szkolna lektura
Zatrzymane w czasie. Romantyczne inspiracje fantastyki, grozy i pamięci Osobliwy dom Pani Peregrine Ransoma Riggsa jako szkolna lektura
(Stopped in time. Romantic inspirations of fantasy, horror and memory Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children by Ransom Riggs as a school reading)
- Author(s):Dorota Michułka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:219-238
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:thriller; horror; a novel for youth;imagination;
- Summary/Abstract:The author of the article argues that the prose by Ransom Riggs affects the reader through colours, sounds, smells and flavours, while the narrative poetics refers to both the thriller and horror novel and symbolism of mental images, the world of romantic historiosophy and transcendence, as well as the absurd humour resembling a specific character of Alice in Wonderland. What plays an important role in the story is: individual memory and an extraordinary dialogue between generations, a special emotional relationship, a unique emotional understanding that Jacob and his grandfather have at the beginning of the story, and the boy’s great desire and commitment to discover the secrets of his grandfather’s biography. However, it is the author’s fantasy that, above all, constitutes the artistic dominant in the story. It, by activating deep layers of imagination and emotions, opens reading minds to ‘other’ worlds.
- Price: 4.50 €
O kondycji najnowszej literatury dla młodzieży (głos w dyskusji)
O kondycji najnowszej literatury dla młodzieży (głos w dyskusji)
(On condition of the recent adolescent literature (voice in discussion))
- Author(s):Jolanta Fiszbak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:239-256
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:adolescent literature; novel; novel of manners;growing up;
- Summary/Abstract:In her article On condition of the recent adolescent literature (voice in discussion), the author discusses the issues of aims, artistic level, thematic extend and the reader of the recent adolescent literature. Does it fulfil its aims and solve the problems? The author answers this question basing on vast amount of research material; she considers those matters from the point of view of the educator. In the conclusion, she notices a wide spectrum of themes, however, unlike children’s literature, this for an adolescent reader very often does not provoke any reflection upon oneself and life, it does not contribute to broadening knowledge of the world and it does not prepare the reader for reaching for more difficult, artistic literature. What is of great concern to the author is also the artistic level of this literature and its target reader. Thus, she proposes introducing the term juvenile literature (literatura młodzieńcza), following the idea of R. Waksmund, who introduced the term children’s literature (literature dziecięca), which already has been accepted in literature. This term would inform the potential reader that the book is intended for a teenager, not for a thirty-year-old person, who is also considered as an adolescent.
- Price: 4.50 €
Jutka i Anna potrzebowały opowieści jak powietrza. Interpretacja utworów dla dzieci i dziecięcych na podstawie Bezsenności Jutki Doroty Combrzyńskiej‑Nogali oraz Anny i Pana Jaskółki Gavriela Savita
Jutka i Anna potrzebowały opowieści jak powietrza. Interpretacja utworów dla dzieci i dziecięcych na podstawie Bezsenności Jutki Doroty Combrzyńskiej‑Nogali oraz Anny i Pana Jaskółki Gavriela Savita
(Jutka and Anna needed stories as desperately as they wanted to breathe. Interpretation of works of literature for children and children’s literature based on Jutka’s Insomnia by Dorota Combrzyńska-Nogala and Anna and Mr Swallow by Gavriel Savita)
- Author(s):Alicja Baluch
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:257-266
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:literature for children; children’s literature; performer; reader;researcher;
- Summary/Abstract:Interpretation is part of the research process that is conducted on the basis of a formulated interpretative hypothesis and contexts accompanying the reading. These activities are available to experts in literature. Compositions for children are not, in principle, subject to interpretation. Working on them should be determined by the perception capabilities of little readers, and thus what must be taken into account is the intersemiotic character of these texts, wherein the word image gesture is the most important. The comparison of Jutka’s Insomnia by Combrzyńska-Nogala and Anna and Mr Swallow by Gavriel Savita reveals thematic similarity and genre distinctions of both of the works.
- Price: 4.50 €
(Nie)świadomość zagrożeń? Ciąża a zespół FAS (na przykładzie powieści Magda.doc Marty Fox)
(Nie)świadomość zagrożeń? Ciąża a zespół FAS (na przykładzie powieści Magda.doc Marty Fox)
((Un)awareness of threats? Pregnancy and FAS (based on the novel entitled Magda.doc by Marta Fox))
- Author(s):Marta Bolińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:267-281
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:novel for girls; pregnancy; FAS; prose by Marta Fox
- Summary/Abstract:There is a massive body of literature on pregnancy, which has been presented in many distinct ways. There have been various approaches as well: naturalistic, philosophical, medical, autobiographical, and many others. It should be sufficient to recall a couple of such novels, e.g.: The Story of Sin by S. Żeromski, The Covenant with a Child by M. Kuncewicz, Polish Woman by M. Gretkowska, It by D. Terakowska or Domino. Treaty on the birth by Anna Nasiłowska. One of the writers, who choose the topic of pregnancy in their prose, especially those addressed to girls,, is Marta Fox. Her protagonist faces a surprising discovery – she will soon become a single mother. Readers learn what she does, what she gives up, what her daily routine is like from her computerized journal (Magda.doc and Paulina.doc). One of the issues that appear in the novel Magda.doc is consumption of alcohol. The possible effects (e.g. FAS / Fetal Alcoholic Syndrome) shall be presented in this paper.
- Price: 4.50 €