Search results for: Gerhardt Csejka in All Content

The Concept of Corruption in the Context of the Czech Transformation

Koncept korupce v českém transformačním kontextu

Author(s): Veronika Lopourová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 4/2004

Keywords: corruption; democracy; norm; transformation; clientelism; nepotism; social transaction; Czech society

This paper introduces an alternative concept of corruption. The cornerstone of the analysis is the model of secret transactions for profit, in which the actors give priority to informal particular norms over universal norms of democracy. Further, a model of corruption as a process is constructed. This model is applied to the social conditions as they have developed in the Czech Republic after 1989. Corruption seems to be a stable part of the social organization of the Czech society. It closely relates to the influence of pre-1989 networks, clientelism and nepotism. The combination of a weak official system (that should assert universal norms) and strong unofficial systems of community interests (that encourage corruption) builds a strong corruptogenic setting in the macrostructure. On the micro-level this outcome is fostered by the weak loyalty of nationals to the state and their tendency to distrust and resist the authorities.

Language contact areas in Central Europe and the German-Czech micro-area in Eastern Austria

Areály jazykového kontaktu ve střední Evropě a německo-český mikroareál ve východním Rakousku

Author(s): Stefan Michael Newerkla / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 4/2007

Keywords: language contact areas; Central Europe; German-Czech language contact; Czech influence on German; Austria

Not only does pluricentric German display characteristic features of Standard Average European, but it also comprises several distinguishing features in various contact areas with Baltic, Finno-Ugrian and Slavic languages. Therefore, it seems justified to speak not only of one Central European language area, but of several varyingly distinct and overlapping language contact areas in Central Europe. Like isoglosses, which constitute certain dialect areas in dialectology, bundled language contact phenomena distinguish certain contact areas from others. A major language contact area in Central Europe – merely one out of several – is the contact zone which we can associate with the former centre of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, with German, Hungarian, Czech and Slovak as its core languages as well as Polish and Slovene as its only partially involved peripheral languages. From this contact area, a micro-area emerged in Vienna and Eastern Austria that was particularly affected by the influence of Czech on German.

On the First Russian Edition of a Volume of Selected Works by Miroslav Červenka

Nad prvním ruským výborem prací Miroslava Červenky

Author(s): Sergej Ljapin,Igor Pilščikov / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 3/2012

Keywords: Červenka Miroslav; poetics; semiotics

The paper is devoted to the first Russian edition of a volume of selected articles by Miroslav Červenka (Smysl i stich, 2011). The authors discuss Červenka’s works on the theory and history of verse, poetics, and the semiotics of culture, and draw attention to the particularities of the reception of the ideas in the Russian, Czech, and international contexts.

The Idea of the University: Learning Processes

The Idea of the University: Learning Processes

Author(s): Jürgen Habermas / Language(s): English / Issue: 3-4/1-2/1997

Hymn translations and the history of Estonian philology

Eesti filoloogia sünd ja kirikulaulude tõlked

Author(s): Kristiina Ross / Language(s): Estonian / Issue: 08-09/2016

Keywords: Estonian philology; figurative language; Lutheran hymns; Pietist hymnal; translation; old Literary Estonian;

In the development of Estonian philology, two phases can be distinguished: the phase of the so-called external view, when the meta-language of philological discussions was German, and the phase of the internal view, when since the 19th century, Estonian began to be used as the meta-language for speaking and writing about the Estonian language and folklore as well as about the emerging literature. The emergence of Estonian authors’ literature and literary criticism presupposed a literary language expressive enough to describe the emotional life and trains of thought of the 19th century, but at the same time familiar enough to the mostly peasant audience of Estonian texts. Literary Estonian was first developed by German pastors and up to the 19th century most of the texts created in this variety remained unaccustomed for the Estonian target group. Hymns were the only kind of literature Estonians had had to learn by heart and actually pronounce already since the 16th century. In the 18th century, Pietist pastors composed a hymnary where the figurative system of the original German hymns was intentionally simplified. The variety of the Pietist hymnal combined a short list of literary figures of speech with idioms of the spoken vernacular. The hymnal became extremely popular and had a great impact on the figurative thinking of Estonians. Following the example of contemporary German poetry, the same figurative language was partly used by the first educated Estonian poets during the National Awakening in the 19th century. The article argues that it was precisely the 18th-century Pietist hymns that had made the language familiar to the grassroots, thus providing the emerging Estonian literature with a vast audience and paving the way for the second, internal-view phase of Estonian philology.

The German Security Apparat in Opava Administrative District 1938–1945

Německý bezpečnostní aparát v opavském správním okrese 1938–1945

Author(s): Ondřej Kolář / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 51/2016

Keywords: Region of Opava; Sudetenland; the Nazi occupation; Second World War; police; criminalistics; anti-Nazi revolt

The study deals with personal and organisation structure and main aspects of German police apparat’s activities in the region of Opava, i.e. the part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland with predominantly Czech population. Police forces comprised of many Sudeten Germans and men from border German areas. Forms of criminality and ways of its investigation have strong similarities with the pre-war period. However, apart from safeguarding order, police also fulfilled a state-security function. There is the evidence of monitoring of activities of the Czech intelligence and the participation of police in the realization of anti-Jewish measures. The particular attention is given on supervision of forced labourers from conquered Eastern regions. All forces of security apparat were running professionally and without noticeable competence disagreements.

The Interplay between Leadership and Team Performance: An Empirical Investigation in a Major Swiss HR Consulting Firm

The Interplay between Leadership and Team Performance: An Empirical Investigation in a Major Swiss HR Consulting Firm

Author(s): Daniel Seelhofer,Gianni Valeri / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Keywords: leadership; trait research; personality; human resources

This paper reports the results of an empirical examination of leadership traits and behaviors that contributed to team performance in a major Swiss HR consulting firm. Based on personality tests, survey research, and in-depth interviews, results indicate that, in the context of the company’s sales-driven, high-pressure environment, personality factors such as conscientiousness or detailorientation seem to be better predictors of leadership success than extraversion and openness to experience. Female leaders overall outperformed their male counterparts, and experience was found to significantly contribute to superior performance. Implications for hiring, development, and succession practices are discussed.

The Apocryphon on the Apostle Andrew and the Route «from the Varangians to the Greeks and from the Greeks along the Dnieper» as a Route around Europe

Апокриф об апостоле Андрее и «путь изъ варягъ в греки и изъ грекъ по Днѣпру» как путь вокруг Европы

Author(s): Jelena Syrcova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1-2/2016

Keywords: Kiev;apocrypha;

The apocryphon in question was created in Kiev in the 11th century in connection with the development of the veneration of Apostle Andrew and the theme of unifi cation of «all the Rhos». At the beginning of the 12th century it was included into the introductory part of the chronicle «The Tale of Bygone Years». This work mentions two apostles of the Slavs, Andrew and Paul, who were preaching in Illyricum, from where one of the groups of the Rhos moved to the Dniepr River no later than in the 8th century. This repеresentation refl ects the historical memory of the Kievan people regarding the migration of three maritime groups of the Rhos not only in the Black and Baltic Sea regions but also in the Adriatic.

Five Centuries of Bible Translations into Kashubian

Five Centuries of Bible Translations into Kashubian

Author(s): Adam Sikora / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2021

Keywords: Bible; Kashubian; translations; Pericopes of Smołdzino; biblical translation studies

This paper discusses translations of biblical passages into Kashubian, which originated in the Lutheran circles between the 16th and the 19th centuries, followed by translations made in the Catholic circles in the 20th and the 21st centuries. The history of these translations has been divided into two periods: “old translations” and “contemporary translations.” The former comprise various bibli[1]cal texts preserved in manuscripts and printed monuments, which came into being between 1586 and the second half of the 19th century. The fundamental texts of this period include the works by Szymon Krofey (1586), Michał Pontanus (1643), and Perykopy smołdzińskie (1699–1701). The old translations were done from German in the Protestant circles in West Pomerania. In turn, the “contemporary trans[1]lations” of biblical texts into Kashubian embrace translations from the second half of the 20th century, which were produced in the Catholic environment of Gdańsk Pomerania: from Latin (Mk 4:3-20) by Alojzy Nagel (1973), from Latin (four Gospels) by Rev. Franciszek Grucza (1992), from Polish (the New Testament and the Psalms) by Eugeniusz Gołąbek (1993–2007) and my own translations from Hebrew and Greek (the Four Gospels, the Pentateuch, Ecclesiastes) prepared in 2001–2020.

“Okay, so, moving on to question two”: Achieving transitions from one item to another in paired EFL speaking tasks

“Okay, so, moving on to question two”: Achieving transitions from one item to another in paired EFL speaking tasks

Author(s): František Tůma / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2022

Keywords: transitions; closings; lists; gaze shifts; multimodality; conversation analysis

This multimodal conversation analytic study explores how participants transition from one item to another in paired speaking tasks based on lists. These transitions are crucial for achieving progress in the task. Based on video recordings from English as a foreign language (EFL) classes, the analysis shows that the way participants achieve transitions depends on the embodied participation framework. Within a co-operative participation framework, participants transitioned to the next item using sequences of (1) closings, (2) verbal expressions of transition, and (3) new item initiations. It is shown that the list of items plays a crucial role as participants start gazing at it already during the closings, thus flagging the relevance of an upcoming transition. In such cases, verbal expressions of transitions were not always present. Less commonly, participants remained focused on the lists, produced minimal responses and moved on to new items after question-answer sequences. The study sheds light on how transitions are achieved in institutional settings where participants’ roles are symmetric and where the talk is based on lists, which, in turn, serve as resources to maintain the progressivity of the interactional project.

Entrepreneurial social identities and nascent entrepreneurial behaviour: Mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy

Entrepreneurial social identities and nascent entrepreneurial behaviour: Mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy

Author(s): Majid Murad,Sheikh Farhan Ashraf,Nausheen Syed,Muhammad Munir,Rehan Sohail Butt / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2022

Keywords: entrepreneurial social identities; Darwinian; missionary; communitarian; entrepreneurial self-efficacy; nascent entrepreneurial behaviour;

Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial social identities (Darwinian, missionary, and communitarian) on nascent entrepreneurial behaviour with the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Research Design & Methods: The study is based on a research sample of 455 students from public sector universities of Punjab, Pakistan. The survey questionnaire was developed along with PLS-SEM partial least squares structural equation modelling technique to examine the research model and hypotheses. Findings: The findings indicate that (Darwinian, missionary, and communitarian) social identities are positively and significantly related to nascent entrepreneurial behaviour. The results also show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a key mediator that affects the relationship between social identities and nascent entrepreneurial behaviour. Implications & Recommendations: The findings have important practical and academic implications for both universities and policymakers to foster student’s entrepreneurial social identities and develop an entrepreneurial nascent behaviour to become an entrepreneur. Contribution & Value Added: This study is the first attempt that contributes to the field of social psychology and entrepreneurship by taking the entrepreneurial self-efficacy as a mediator and investigates the influence of entrepreneurial social identities (Darwinian, missionary, communitarian) on nascent entrepreneurial behaviour among students in Pakistan.

Disgusting Spring

Undorító tavasz

Author(s): Tamás Oláh / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2021

In the spring of 1992 – while the former Yugoslavia was falling to pieces – a disproportionately large number of wartime draft letters arrived to Tresnjevac (Oromhegyes,) a village of barely two thousand people in North Vojvodina, only twenty kilometres from the Hungarian border. As a response, circa two hundred locals locked themselves into the village pizzeria and declared the Zitzer Spiritual Republic. Their peaceful resistance lasted 96 days, this was the most significant anti-war action by the Hungarian community in Vojvodina. This paper explores the performativity of this event.

The ‘Righteous’ as an Element of Transnational Memory Politics: The Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust and the Memory of the Rescue of Jews during the Second World War

The ‘Righteous’ as an Element of Transnational Memory Politics: The Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust and the Memory of the Rescue of Jews during the Second World War

Author(s): Zofia Wóycicka / Language(s): English / Issue: 125/2022

Keywords: transnational memory; politics of remembrance; Righteous Among the Nations; Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust; Holocaust rescue;

In the last two decades, the topic of help given to Jews during the Second World War has experienced an extraordinary boom in Europe and beyond. Transnational and intergovernmental organisations such as the Council of Europe, the European Parliament and the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) have played an essential role in promoting this subject. This paper shows that the first big event to introduce the category of the Righteous into transnational memory politics was the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust (2000). Researchers have described the conference as a significant step toward the ‘institutionalisation of a European memory’ and promoting a self-critical, victim-centred, future-oriented and highly personalised Holocaust remembrance. I argue that it was precisely the universalisation of the Holocaust and the notion of a wide-ranging implication of European societies in the genocide, which paved the way for the rescue narratives. However, as this paper demonstrates, the participants in the conference defined the Righteous differently and invoked them for divergent purposes.

The State of Competence and Language Proficiency of a 6‑Year‑Old Boy with Social Orphanhood. Comparative Study

Stan kompetencji i sprawności językowej 6‑letniego chłopca z sieroctwem społecznym. Studium porównawcze

Author(s): Karolina Małocha-Pytlak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 6/2022

Keywords: language competence; language proficiency; socialization; social orphanage; maternal deprivation

In the medical, psychological, and pedagogical literature it is emphasized that the lack of satisfying the basic psychological needs of a child affects its somatic development, causes disturbances in the emotional sphere, and delays psychomotor development. In various sci­entific fields, the effects of social orphanhood are already a marginalized topic and only dis­cussed in general terms regarding basic teachings – making these topics in speech therapy especially a novelty.This article deals with the level of competence and language skills of a six‑year‑old boy with social orphan compared to a boy of the same age who is raised with his nuclear family – thus not deprived of his basic physical and emotional needs. A comparative – quantitative analy­sis based on the Linguistic Development Test and – qualitative analysis was performed, tak­ing into account all language subsystems.The initiated research is includes a new perspective in speech therapy – taking into account the environmental effects on language development and in particular the impact of social orphanhood on the child’s linguistic development.

Horticultural Therapy Course as an Educational-Therapeutic Tool of Rehabilitation for Individuals with MSDs

Horticultural Therapy Course as an Educational-Therapeutic Tool of Rehabilitation for Individuals with MSDs

Author(s): Iryna Sarancha,Mikhaylo Kovinko,Borys Maksymchuk,Halyna Tarasenko,Sergey Kharchenko,Iryna Demchenko,Sofiia Dovbnia,Liliia Rudenko,Olesia Symkanych,Tetiana Martyniuk,Valentyna Bilan,Iryna Maksymchuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2022

Keywords: natural environment; educational conditions; conductive pedagogy; communication with nature; course implementation; educational-rehabilitational process;

The article presents the authors’ course “Horticultural Therapy”, which includes various activities related to the interaction with flora and its images. Evidence suggests that Ukrainian discourse lacks methodical materials on horticultural therapy and, thus, requires methods that can contribute to developing the skills of conscious psychological separation from constant parental care, taking responsibility for their lives, setting real-life goals and destroying the position of helplessness in individuals with MSDs. The article aims to theoretically justify, methodically develop and present the results from implementing the authors’ course “Horticultural Therapy” in rehabilitation centres. The authors’ methodical complex is based on the use of the following methods: analysis of theoretical and methodical sources; modelling of educational conditions and programmes; methods of implementing the didactic content in the educational-rehabilitational process; expert evaluation; statistical methods. The verification quasi-experiment of the modelled conditions for corrective learning has shown a significant increase in social skills in individuals with MSDs. Besides, findings confirm the increased levels of their independence, social and personal incentives, household and self-care skills. The international relevance of the article lies in the further development of nature-centric methods of corrective pedagogy, conductive pedagogy and non-medical treatment of CNS diseases, which is an important area of neurorehabilitation today.

Romanian Citizens Returned to Romania after Detention in the USSR

Cetățeni români reveniți în țară, după detenția în U.R.S.S.

Author(s): Adrian Brișcă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/1998

Keywords: Romania; USSR; detention; return; communism;

Adrian Brișcă is dealing here with one direction of the scientific research which brings to today's public the tragedy of certain Romanian citizens whose fate was to directly experience the "benefits" of the regime in this country. The documentary material the author introduces into the scientific circuit offers an image that is fragmentary for the time being (not that the author wished it to be so) of the Romanian citizens who were repatriated after being detained in the USSR.

«The Law must be Social» Otto von Gierke and the Solidarity of the 1923 Constitution (I)

«Dreptul trebuie să fie social» Otto von Gierke şi solidarismul Constituţiei din 1923 (I)

Author(s): Tudor Avrigeanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: Otto von Gierke; Genossenschaftslehre; Sozialrecht; Property; Duguit;

Departing from the Romanian Constitutional regulation of property from 1923 to 1934 controversies on the nature of the property as subjective right and/or social function, the present paper aims to reconstruct an unitary theoretical framework within the legal thought which could explain more widely the Romanian Constitution from 1923 as a solidarist constitution. We shall try to show that Otto von Gierke´s doctrines on Genossenschaft and Sozialrecht could aptly fulfill that role although (or rather because) it is not so well known among the Romanian legal scholars. The first part here will deal with the controversy on the nature of property by rising some questions, while the second to follow should offer some answers from Gierke´s work.

Modelled on print – ivory diptych with scenes of the Nativity of Christ and the Adoration of the Magi in the Princes Czartoryski Collection

Modelled on print – ivory diptych with scenes of the Nativity of Christ and the Adoration of the Magi in the Princes Czartoryski Collection

Author(s): Elżbieta Musialik / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2021

Keywords: Princes Czartoryski Collection

The Social Sciences in the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in the First Two Decades of Its Existence

The Social Sciences in the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in the First Two Decades of Its Existence

Author(s): Martin Franc / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2022

Keywords: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences; Social sciences; Expertisation; Science policy

This essay-like study primarily explores the position of the social sciences within the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (Československá akademie věd, ČSAV) during the first two decades of its existence. It emphasises especially the gradual shift from its accent on sciences which could be used in political or national propaganda, such as archaeology, philosophy or ethnography, to sciences as a tool for the expert control of society, such as sociology, political science and psychology. Even though especially during František Šorm’s chairmanship (1962–1969) efforts were being made to squeeze the social sciences out from the ČSAV and thus deprive them of the benefits of development in a privileged institution, they were able to defend their position. The dispute was not only over the degree of exactness but also over the compatibility between the key working methods and the ČSAV’s mode of operation.

The manager’s role in job satisfaction due to multi-mediation effects

The manager’s role in job satisfaction due to multi-mediation effects

Author(s): Rafael BOLIVAR,Gonzalo MORENO,Deward RICO / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: job satisfaction in public universities; labor-management relations; mediation of manager’s role; mediator’s effect on job satisfaction; SEM model;

Job satisfaction has been measured, analyzed, and understood in different dimensions in previous works. However, this work analyzes it from the broader perspective of the organization. This study analyzed data from 364 respondents belonging to a public university through a survey that covered the following six dimensions: salary compensation, working conditions, the manager’s role, co-workers’ relationships, labor welfare & promotion, and task & process. An SEM model using AMOS V23 contrasted seven hypotheses to evaluate the direct or mediating effect of the manager’s role on the other five dimensions. The manager’s role results in a direct and strong effect on the relationships between co-workers and in the labor welfare & promotion dimension. A direct and moderate effect was observed on work conditions and tasks & processes. The indirect effect of the manager’srole on the salary dimension was observed, along with an effect of total mediation on the dimensions of labor welfare & promotion and work conditions. This study contributes to a holistic view by providing an understanding of the manager’s role in job satisfaction, clarifying the interactions between the six organizational dimensions, and highlighting the relevance of styles of manager that lead to organizational growth and job satisfaction. Finally, the limitations associated with this research are also discussed.