![Commercial or a sick fantasy](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2007_4266.jpg)
Keywords: prostitution; brothels; Zagreb
Prostitution is a major moral, societal, social, economic, and public health issue. Until 1922 in Zagreb, prostitution was permitted in public houses. The operation of these public houses was regulated by a regulation (Regulation on Prostitution) from 1899. The Zagreb police issue a Regulation on the Supervision of Prostitution in the Municipal Territory on 24 September 1922. By this law public houses were disbanded. Girls and women who worked as prostitutes received the status of publicly tolerated prostitutes and were registered in a special file controlled by the police. Prostitution was forbidden in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1934 under the law for combating sexually transmitted diseases. By the end of September 1934 legal prostitution came to an end in Zagreb. After 1934, prostitution did not disappear rather it was thrown into the sphere of criminal activity.
More...Keywords: sevdalinka; oral formula; poetic grammar; rhythm; rhyme; prosody; semantics; stylistics; collocation; vocabulary; grammar
This paper will give a partial list and description of linguistic characteristics of sevdalinka from a certain number of existing print collections. The focus of the paper will be given to description of those linguistic structures which are caused by epic formula, i.e. oral grammar of text. Besides, we will point out the fact that the linguistic idiom of sevdalinka itself, significantly depends on poetic and stylistic characteristics of songs. Linguistic description will be focused on some aspects of linguistic structure of sevdalinka, in order to point that the paper will be focused on existence of mutual linguistic elements in all varieties of oral poetic opus in Bosnian language: epic, lyric and epic-lyric poem, that include and some other, even non-linguistic observations connected with this issue. Such selection of linguistic elements fits into the immanent linguistic patterns of oral poetry, and using of certain linguistic varieties, regardless how much the poem’s text is shaped on certain standard procedures, particularly on the level of phonetics, phonology and grammar, and even the vocabulary, in extremely small percentage. This means that the question of song’s origin is not relevant when we consider such methodology, unlike some other studies where the essence of methodology is just criterion of song’s origin.
More...Keywords: Nazism; fascism; Nazi-fascist regimes; totalitarian state; antinomy of direct democracy; democracy by acclamation; corporatism; political leadership
Nazi-fascist ruling regimes have gained legitimacy through various forms of direct democracy. That form of government was based on principle of the rule for people. The authorities were created by leaders in the name of the people. Therefore, the rule for people has characteristics of absolutist dictatorship. Nazi-fascist regimes are based on unconditional sacralisation of the supreme leader’s will. With help of demagogy, propaganda and agitation, Nazi-fascist leadership provides the support of manipulated masses that actually assisted them in achieving of proclaimed expansionist goals. At mass gatherings, marches and demonstrations - through direct political communication and aggressive political rhetoric - the people’s feelings were manipulated, and besides, their will was usurped during controlled, illegal and fake referendums and plebiscites. Having this in mind, the author argues that the Nazi-fascist experience of direct democracy was marked by plenty attributes of antinomy.
More...Keywords: Hillary Rodham Clinton; Barack Obama; Media; Bias; Presidential Nomination; Women
This paper is analyzing the position of women in politics in general and media treatment of Hillary Rodham Clinton and Barack Obama where Hillary got eliminated from the presidential race through the mass media coverage. Analysis is done based on consideration of few large researches of the media treatment of Hillary Rodham Clinton and Barack Obama during the presidential campaign, but also based on consideration of various public polls which were showing candidate standings during the whole presidential race. The analysis paralely considered the position of Hillary Rodham Clinton and Barack Obama in polls and media treatment they were receiving at the same time. Conclusions of the paper are that Hillary Rodham Clinton got eliminated from the race through the mass media coverage which were openly supporting Barack Obama with their biased reports and hiding the facts about him and that the women-who primarily has to prove that she is as good enough as man and only then present the program-always easier to eliminate from the race then a man.
More...Keywords: pornography; pornography consumption; female sexuality; gender
Research into the influence of pornography (sexually explicit material) on the sexual life and satisfaction of women is largely concentrated on the negative consequences of such consumption. There is a notable lack of interest in the influence on female sexuality of frequent female consumption of pornography, particularly when it is positive. This paper deals with attitudes, motivation and patterns of pornography consumption among young women who frequently use pornography to satisfy their own sexual needs. It is based on qualitative research carried out by way of in-depth interviews with 16 women aged between 20 and 29, who were engaged in higher education or had already earned a degree. The results have shown that, apart from satisfying their own sexual needs, women are also motivated by curiosity and a desire to learn for the purpose of broadening their own sexual repertoire and their repertoire with a partner. Carried out on a specific sample, this study has shown that consumption of pornography can have a positive influence on those women whose motives for its consumption are related to exploration and enrichment of their own sexual experience.
More...Keywords: loneliness; adolescents; social relations; gender and age differences
The aim of the present study was to investigate gender and age differences in loneliness among preadolescents and young adolescents, and to examine the relationship between loneliness and several indicators of the quality of social relations (sociometric status, same-gender friendship intimacy, and social support). The study encompassed 188 elementary school pupils in grades 5th to 8th, who filled out the Short Form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Intimate Friendship Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Sociometric Questionnaire. Children reported a relatively low level of loneliness, with boys feeling significantly lonelier than girls. Among girls, older ones reported higher loneliness than younger ones, while among boys younger ones felt lonelier than older ones. Indicators of the quality of social relations explained a similar amount of variance in girls’ (11.1%) and boys’ (11.7%) loneliness. However, predictors of loneliness differed for children of different gender. Girls who felt lonelier perceived lower social support and had better status in the classroom, while boys with better status among classmates reported lower loneliness.
More...Keywords: Muslim woman; Muslim women issue; emancipation; reisu-l-ulema Džemaludin Čaušević
his article deals with the issue of emancipation of Muslim women in Bosnia and Herzegovina between the two World Wars. It is a contribution to the studies about Muslim women issues. Statements of reis Džemaludin Čaušević, one of the most prominent Bosniak reformers, precipitated the solution to this problem. By the end of 1927, he stated that Muslim women in schools or working outside their homes are not obliged to cover their faces. He demanded the reform of the status of Muslim women of the time. Thus he said that Muslim women ought to be educated in all spheres of life especially as doctors and teachers. The Muslim woman has to become a strong economic factor that would secure economic growth and earnings. Modernists and reformers of the Islamic world of the time have head strong impact upon the thought of reis Čaušević in this regard. However his statements have initiated long discussions with the topic of the emancipation of women. Those inclined towards modernism and reform, supported the ideas of the reis while others, traditionalists have rejected such an idea of women emancipation. None the less, these discussions have brought about a gradual improvement of the status of Muslim women in family as well as in the society.
More...Keywords: body; identity; personality; reality; pain
The paper is based on the identification and analysis of metaphorical structures related to the original domain of the body as a stronghold of personal identification. The meaning of the body as a “center of orientation” in the process of (de)constructing identities and forming the body mediated “self image” or “sense of self” is explored. Corporal mediation (physical function, reaction and conditions of the body) in the creation of individual perspectives is studied in the context of the presence of body in language as a medium of shaping the reality experience. Positive and negative effects of the role of the body in the attempt to form a “meaning of the world” and understand the relationships that determine the experiential reality are detected. Bodily experience is viewed as the basic medium of perception.
More...Keywords: morality and cheating; prevalence of cheating; reasons for cheating; school cheating
School cheating in Croatia is a widespread phenomenon, but it is little spoken of, and even less investigated. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and acceptability of cheating, reasons why it occurs, the existence of possible differences in cheating considering the states where the students come from and the attitude toward the acceptability of cheating. The research was conducted on a sample of 390 students of high schools in the Republic of Croatia (in Zadar) and 353 students of high schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina (in Žepče). During one school hour students completed The Demographic Data Questionnaire, Scale of Cheating, Scale of Reasons for Cheating and The Social Injustice Questionnaire. The results showed that high school cheating is very frequent both in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The reasons for cheating can be divided into two groups: internal and external. The students in the Republic of Croatia tend to cheat more, and cheating is more acceptable to them than to the students in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The students who approve of cheating are more susceptible to cheating (in both states), which is in accordance with Turiel's model of morality which supposes that students do not perceive cheating as a problem of morality, but rather as a simple disobedience of social norms.
More...Keywords: Ancient Egypt; animals; daily life; feeding; hunting; fishing; flowing; hunting weapons; scenes of hunting; flowing and fishing; tombs
In this article author deals with history of hunting and fishing in ancient Egypt from predynastic periods until the end of pharaonic times (c. 5000-30 BC). In its introduction author gave review of the role of hunting in prehistory. In first part of chapter entitled »Hunting and fishing in ancient Egypt« author analyzes relevant historical sources and literature. He concluded that in historical and Egyptological sciences not many works have been written about this topic. This was main reason why this whole topic he reviewed mostly according reliefs and wall paintings from Egyptian tombs which are today housed in various museums around the world or which still stands on the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs. Next author gave review of various animal species which could be found in ancient Egypt according reliefs and wall paintings and writings of ancient writers (e.g. Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus). The last and biggest part of this paper deals with history and customs of hunting and fishing from predynastic periods until the end of pharaonic era. Separately he analyzed hunting of wild animals in the desert, hunting of hippopotamus, hunting of crocodiles, fishing, hunting on various kinds of birds, hunting of elephants and royal hunting of wild beasts.
More...Keywords: Luz Arce;
Essay about Luz Arce.
More...Kad Wolfgang Kayser u svom čuvenom djelu Das sprachliche Kunstwerk nastoji dati uzornu naučnu interpretaciju Verlainove pjesme La lune blanche, on počinje interpretaciju tako, da najprije razlikuje četiri sloja pjesničke forme (»Schicht« - možda bismo bolje rekli sfere), kako ona djeluje na slušaoca. Prvu sferu zove on izvanjskom kompozicijom (vrst stiha, broj stihova, oblik strofe i sl), druga je sfera ritma, treća zvuka, a četvrta je sfera značenja.
More...Glavni konobar u noćnom klubu gdje sam radio, Village Gateu, pokretao je kazalište u napuštenoj crkvi. Rekao mi je da traži tekst koji će postaviti, a ja sam rekao da imam jedan. Pročitao ga je i uzeo, a dvojica konobara iz kluba koji su bili glumci glumili su u njemu. Bila je to neka vrst Village Gate družine – tako Sam Shepard objašnjava kako mu je postavljen prvi komad Kauboji na scenu Theatrea Genesis 1964. godine. Do tada je već proživio život nalik većini svojih junaka – rođen 1943. u vojnoj tvrđavi kao Samuel Shepard Rogers, djetinjstvo proveo u Kaliforniji kao Steve Rogers (inače ime pjevača country glazbe) gdje je radio kao štalski momak, berač naranči, strizač ovaca i pastir, te došao u New York pod novim imenom – Sam Shepard. Konobario je u istočnom donjem dijelu Manhatana koji je tada bio jedno od zapuštenijih i jeftinijih mjesta za život, ali istovremeno prostor novog kazališnog događanja – stvaranja off-off Broadwaya. Shepard je u tome zdušno sudjelovao iako mi nismo bili svjesni da je to pokret, samo se moglo nešto napraviti.
More...Keywords: Bénédictins; art roman; art gothique; Hongrie; Byzance; Syrmie (Srijem); Dumbovo (Dombó).
L’histoire de l’abbaye à Dumbovo (hongr. Dombó), en tant qu’une institution vivante, peut être suivie sur la base des documents écrits entre 1237 et le milieu du 15ème siècle. D’après une bulle de 1490 du pape Innocent VIII, cette abbaye fut incorporée à la mense épiscopale de Syrmie. C’est probablement sous l’administration des évêques de Syrmie que le monastère a été converti en un château fort, étant signalé en cette fonction sur les cartes géographiques de la première moitié du 16ème siècle. Après la conquête ottomane (en 1526), le petit village de Dumbovo figurait dans la nahiye (sub-district) de Petrovaradin, composante du sandjak de Syrmie. Il n’y a pas d’indices que les bâtiments du monastère fussent utilisés par les Turcs. À quelques kilomètres vers le sud, plus au coeur de la montagne de Fruška Gora, il y avait alors le monastère orthodoxe serbe de Rakovac (aujourd’hui Stari Rakovac). Le village de Dumbovo a été déserté probablement pendant la guerre de reconquête à la fin du 17ème siècle et le titre de l’abbaye fut revivifié au 18ème siècle. Mais ce n’était qu’à la fin du 19ème que Dezső Csánki a localisé sûrement, dans son ouvrage classique de géographie historique, l’abbaye de Dumbovo connue des sources écrites médievales. L’emplacement plus exacte sur la monticule de Stručica a été confirmé par les premières trouvailles fortuites des fragments de la sculpture architecturale, au début du 20ème siècle. Au milieu de ce siècle, l’entourage du site a été repeuplé, le nouveau village étant nommé Novi Rakovac. Parmi les trouvailles accidentelles de l’époque, provenant des alentours de la monticule, une place distinguée appartient à un dépot d’objets en bronze (découvert en 1963), parmi lesquels 8 icônes de provenance byzantine...
More...Keywords: Bosanski sandžak; 16. stoljeće; vakuf; novčani vakuf; korištenje uvakufljenog novca
Based on written sources, the article considers the role and significance of money/cash waqf in different spheres of life in Bosnia at the end of the 16th century. The article centres on published and unpublished works of Ottoman origin focusing on only documented amounts of waqf money from the second half of the 16th century. Waqfs from the mid-16th century are not included. The article attempts to establish the amount of endowed money, its territorial distribution, the social status of endowers as well as the conditions, ways, and purposes of using waqf cash and its profit.
More...Keywords: gender (in) equality; labor market; qualitative research; focus groups
The phenomenon of gender inequality in the labor market is not recognized as one of the main themes in the discussions of public policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Despite social and academic relevance of the issue of the economic position of women in today’s BiH, empirical evidence and academic studies on this topic are ruther scarce. Searching for a scientific answer to the question about whether the fall of socialism, war and post-war transition undermined gender equality in the labor market in BiH, this qualitative study examines the perceptions of women on gender equality in relation to the following categories: (un) equal employment opportunities (not) equal social status, (un) equal opportunities to exercise own labor rights and the (un) equal benefits of the actual performance. The research results allow for mapping of different social practices of unequal treatment of men and women, as well as multiple discrimination on the labor market in BiH, and suggest that there is a need of societal change towards equality of opportunity aimed at more equitable distribution of opportunities, resources and rights.
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