![Dying of old, gallant Zagreb](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2012_3527.jpg)
Dying of old, gallant Zagreb
Umiranje staroga galantnog Zagreba
Spomenica zaboravljenom hrvatskom književniku Ivanu Luliću
More...Spomenica zaboravljenom hrvatskom književniku Ivanu Luliću
More...Keywords: identity; gender; archeology;
Article about gender and its identity.
More...Należę do istot z rzędu marniejszych. Powieść mam już wymyśloną i – okropność – brak mi chęci do pisania. No nie, może napiszę jednak choć parę akapitów? W głowie mam pomysły zarobkowe. Trzeba je tylko zrealizować. Potrzebuję pieniędzy. Przydałoby się wystroić, dobrze zjeść – bo kiedy w końcu rozkwitnę, mam już przecież 31 lat?! Wszystko przemyślałam – zajmę się w końcu sobą, swoim zdrowiem, wyglądem. Mam ku temu najlepsze warunki, a jestem chuda jak szczapa.
More...Othello je napisan 1604. a Zimska priča 1610. na 11. Glavna tema obiju drama je paranoja. Shakespeareova potreba da se vrati toj temi naznačuje da se autor, pišući Othella, nije uspio osloboditi te opasne sposobnosti. Obje drame mogu povećati naše razumijevanje tog aspekta Shakespeareovog nesvjesnog.
More...Keywords: cultural conceptions of sex;movies about the post-apocalypse; imagining the future; anthropology of popular culture;
The paper deals with ways of representing sexual relations in movies about the post-apocalypse. Different forms of sexual relations which occur in a postapocalyptic setting are considered with regard to two types of communities/ societies which emerge after the end of the world. These movies indicate how much the idea of an instinctual, natural, biological sexuality is widespread in popular imagination – in the post-apocaypse sex is represented as a motivational force on par with hunger.
More...Ipak, promatrao sam s ushitom te životinje, kako instinkti pulsiraju u njima, kako se mišići naprežu, a zjenice se prije skoka šire, misleći kako su divne, gipke, veličanstvene. Nisam u njima prepoznavao usamljene i izgubljene živote, nisam vidio ka ko su im tijela svakom godinom sve bolnija, do konačnog poraza, dok posredstvom neke nesreće ne umru.
More...Keywords: Educational programs; madrasa; School programs;
Školstvo i obrazovanost u islamskom kulturno-civilizacijskome krugu u pocetkuje bilo vezano za ucitelje-znalce koji su davali pecat cjelokupnom sistemu. Treba samo spomenuti imena Ebu Hanife, Safija, Imami Gazalijai drugih koji su imali cjelovit i zaokruzen obrazovni sistem. Nakon velikih ucitelja izgradila su se i razvila ucilista poput El-Ezhera, Zejtune, koji su postali sinonimom klasicne ucenosti i obrazovanosti u muslimanskome svijetu. Najvaznija ucilista su se razvila iz dzamija. Termin dzamija u savremenom arapskom jeziku znaci univerzitet.
More...Keywords: gender / sex; sexuality; masculinity; vampire; mythical ancestor;
Ethnographic literature from the late eighteenth and during the course of nineteenth and twentieth century, presents us with a diverse but insufficiently conceptualized notions based on which vampire could be discussed in the context of aberrant life, untypical death, or inadequate burial practice. The structure of ancestral cult, containing among other things ideas of the "nature" of interrelationships between the living and the dead, is only one of the constructions imitating the ideological discourse of old-fashioned cultural pattern, certain relations in the society and structural order. Relations between the living and the dead are limited to ones on the male side, implying the reciprocal obligation: on one hand, respect of the burial rituals and mourning determine the "posthumous destiny", as well as the obligation of sacrificial offerings to godly ancestors, on the other the requirement of ancestors to protect and watch over their descendants in return. In order to be able to reproduce at all a community must mind the deceased’s soul, i.e. prevent the possible demonization by properly observing the rituals. In that sense, notions of vampires and the devil are emblematic warnings of the fact that each deceased, necessarily, is not an ancestor, and that the ideal model of generational hierarchy and of awe sustained by the proclaimed old-fashioned relations is actually relative, that is to say the notions of vampires and the devil point to the split in generations and to the governing relations in an old-fashioned society. Directly dependant on the male descendents, aberrant life as well as the aberrant "posthumous destiny" are mechanisms for excluding from the social relations with the dead the ones that cannot be given the status of ancestors, so we can conceive them as thwarted mythical ancestors. In the second part of the paper, I endeavored to demonstrate that the conceptions of masculinity could also be deconstructed through analysis of mythical imagery, for mythological images of say vampires are based on contradictions between objectively different scripts – religious and secular ones. Images of vampires could as well be viewed as symbolic constructions of certain masculinity patterns, first of all church, non-Christian (pagan) and secular patterns that collide. The collision of different masculine scripts results in repression of those not belonging to public Orthodox discourse, so the latent processes of Christianization implicitly reproduced the notions of vampire as thwarted male sexual potential.
More...Keywords: German bourgeois tragedy; G. E. Lessing;F. Schiller; H. L. Wagner; moral fathers; sacrificed daughters; unworthy mothers;
The German Bourgeois tragedies of the second half of the 18th century reflect the image of a patriarchal structured family, where a woman as a mother is not only marginalized. Sometimes, she completely dissapears. In this paper, the structure of the family has been analysed with special emphasis on the construction of the mother’s character in three paradigmatic works, Lessing’s tragedy “Emilia Galotti”, Schiller’s “Kabale und Liebe” and Wagner’s “Die Kindermörderin”. While the father is the patron of family honor and the bearer of bourgeois values, the mother is shown as a naughty and naive woman who does not recognize the danger that comes from the aristocratic world. She therefore does not deserve a mythical role and remains out of the circle of self – sacrifice and morality. The myth of motherhood is paradoxically realized in a world without mothers: the utopian bourgeois world of sentiment disappears in the cruel tyranny of patriarchy. As the daughter has to die to preserve her life as her father’s permanent property, the mother must disappear from the drama precisely because she symbolizes lost innocence and the lack of moral integrity.
More...Keywords: Fojhar; Gostilj; Likari; the late 19th century; houses; families;
The three quarts that are located directly from the north side of the city of Srebrenica are discussed about in the article. These are quite intertwined quarts: Fojhar, Gostilj and Likari. The state of quarts at the end of the 19th century is investigated. A detailed overview of each quart, especially urbangeographic, ownership and demographic characteristics, are given. The houses and other urban contents, estates and land, their owners and numerous toponyms are cited. Each well-known cultural and historical heritage is listed in each quart. The articlewas written on the basis of the 1894 land registry books and cadastral plans from the same period.
More...Keywords: feminism; religion; God; feminist philosophy of religion; Bible; antifeminism; emancipation;
Feminist theology presupposes talking about feminism in general. Such feminism has, in today’s society, partly lost its original meaning and mission. More importantly, it has not been affirmed in religion either. Nevertheless, we have the right to talk about feminism in religion on the basis of philosophical researches, the number of which has not been small in recent times. On the other hand, religiosity is expressed in religion. It is, in particular, expressed by the people because the relationship between God and Man is needed for its existence. Feminism questions Man too in that relationship because from that perspective numerous questions arise. Consequently, in relationship God-Man, feminism, respecting its philosophical boundaries, questions one and the other reality. Feminist philosophy of religion has been developing gradually. In the same way as feminism has been developing through periods (three waves of feminism), feminist theory does not develop at one time either.
More...Keywords: ethnography; folklore; emissions; HTV; 1969-2002; folk music and tradition;
More...Keywords: Gornji Bogićevci; village; ethnology; post-war period; habits;
Einige Studenten übten in April 1999 im Rahmen des Seminars für allgemeine Ethnologie Feldforschung in extremen Verhältnissen. Die Wunden, welche der Krieg, in dem das ganze Dorf buchstäblich ausradiert wurde und die Einwohner ihre Heime verlassen mussten, hinterlassen hat, waren noch ganz frisch. Das Ziel war deshalb nicht die Sammlung selbst, sondern das Zurechtfinden in solchen Situationen. Trotzdem (und teilweise auch gerade deshalb) schien mir das gesammelte häterogene Material der Veröffentlichung wert. Gornji Bogićevci varen eines der ersten Dörfer, welche der junge kroatische Staat gleich nach der Befreiung 1996 planmäßig wiederaufbauen half. Die Einwohner fanden sich in einer neuen Lage: sie bekamen neue Häuser, durften aber wegen der minierten Felder ihrer bäuerlichen Arbeit nicht nachgehen. Dazu kamen auch Vertriebene und Flüchtlinge aus Bosnien, die ihre Gewohnheiten mit sich brachten und sie auch praktizieren wollten. Man musste sich auf die neue Lage zuerst anpassen. Somit sind diese Aufzeichnungen Dokumente einer wirren, schwierigen und noch immer traurigen Zeit.Die Studenten teilten sich zwar vorher die Themen, es zeigte sich jedoch bald, dass die Emotionen die Informanten schnell auf andere Gedanken führten. Deshalb musste ich das gesammelte Material so redigieren, dass ich neue Kapitel konstruierte, in die ich dann die Aufzeichnungen mehrerer Studenten einschloss.
More...Keywords: Right to abortion; manipulation of rights; customs of rural culture; patriarchy; women’s rights;
Mračni, sržno patrijarhalni, običaj ruralne kulture u kome djevojčica/žena prisilno preuzima na sebe rodnu, dakle, društvenu ulogu velikog muškarca, kako bi se ispunio nametnuti zahtjev stuba porodice, mislioca i voditelja plemena i roda, poznat pod terminološkom odrednicom virdžina, karakterističan je za unutrašnja područja Crne Gore, Albanije i Kosova. Prefinjena kontrola prirode i ženskog entiteta tijela i subjekta odvijala se stoljećima na jedini dostupan način svojstven tradicionalnim obrascima porodice za re/kreacijom muškog potomka. Na zahtjev glave porodice, kako bi se ispoštovale norme društvene zajednice, zadovoljio bog, odobrovoljila magijska natprirodna bića i stekla njihova naklonost – žensko dijete se odgojem socijaliziralo kao muško.
More...Keywords: anthropomorphic figurines; Late Neolithic; representation of gender/sex; Mother Goddess; fertility cult
Since the inception of the discipline of archaeology, figurines have been considered as the basis for research into the praehistoric social order and religious ideas. In spite of the numerous critiques, the idea that they are the reflection of adoration of Mother Goddess and fertility cults, has persevered even to the present day, mainly thanks to the work of Maria Gimbutas. Her sim-plified approach to praehistory, apart from giving rise to pseudo-archaeological narratives, has induced severe criticism and polemics inside archaeology. The concept of the Goddess has mi-grated during the recent period from the academic writing to the realm of pseudo-science, daily politics and activism. In our country, the ideas of the Golden Past, considered to be the origin of the European civilization, are particularly present in the „grey zone“: the public sphere, facilitat-ed through media. All these narratives are based upon the preconception that in the Neolithic collections the representations of women dominate. The results of the preliminary analyses of gender representation in Neolithic assemblages have proven that the claims of women’s domi-nance are ill-founded, and emphasized once more the significant presence, or even dominance of asexual figurines. On the other hand, the criteria for identification have shown to be unrelia-ble, raising the question of usefulness of such attempts, as well as a number of new questions. Primarily, the role and meaning of the presence/absence of secondary sex attributes, their corre-lation to age, as well as possible regional differences in meaning and function of figurines are discussed.
More...Keywords: Phrygia; epigraphy; metrical epitaphs; intertextuality; literacy; Homer; Bible
Phrygia in Central Anatolia was an area with a rich historical heritage, its own language, and particular culture within the Roman Empire, where literacy and literary education was highly valued. All this is witnessed by hundreds of Greek epitaphs that have come down to us from the period between the second and fourth centuries A.D. A strikingly large number of these funerary monuments depict writing tablets, styluses, pen cases and papyrus scrolls; and nowhere else have so many metrical epitaphs been preserved in the territory of the whole Empire, filled with Homeric reminiscences and classical mythological references. Besides, this is equally typical of the inhabitants of urban and rural areas – simple farmers and stockbreeders – as well. Poetic epitaphs in an epic language were popular among both the devotees of the Greco-Roman religion and Christians. And naturally, the latter expanded their literary repertoire with Biblical quotations and allusions as early as 150 years prior to the religious peace of Constantine’s reign.
More...Keywords: Prose; Drago Jančar; Slovenian literature;
Prose written by Drago Jančar: "Čovjek, koji je pogledao u vir".
More...Keywords: media culture; Branko Čegec; strategies of resistance; lyrical subject;
The article analyses cultural and media traces in Branko Čegec’s poetry. They are researched, described, and interpreted from the perspective of subject structure in the three texts from Čegec’s three poetry collections published in the 1980s – “Genesis (domovina): vazda i dovijeka” from Eros-Europa-Arafat, “Abcčćdđdžefghijklmnnjoprsštuvzž” from Zapadno-istočni spol, and “Stanje stvari” from Melankolični ljetopis. The article explores the differences between individual and collective memory (J. Assmann), and the dominant and emergent culture (R. Williams), whereby the text becomes the space in which they clash. Traces of cultures and media are most often observed among the motifs, and their effects are notably in the resistance of subject structures that critically undermine the prevailing discourses of power, primarily through linguistic and discursive games.
More...Keywords: Belgrade; Cathedral Church; Prince Miloš; Metropolitan Petar Jovanović
The paper gives a brief history of the Cathedral in Belgrade with a special reference to its construction. The first mention of the church dedicated to Saint Michael the Archangel comes from 1578, although the church is almost certainly medieval. During the time of Metropolitan Moisej 1725-33, it was thoroughly restored. The Turks captured Belgrade on September 2, 1739, looted the church and tore down its vaults. On that occasion, Cuba also suffered. Later, the people of Belgrade received permission from the Turks to build new vaults for their church, but those vaults must not be high. The old church was demolished in August 1836, and the construction of the new church began on April 28, 1837. By the Transfiguration in 1838, the church was brought up to the roof, by 1841 the tower was covered and built, and from 1841 to 1845 interior works were carried out: painting, woodcarving and goldsmithing. The draft for the iconostasis was made in 1841. the famous sculptor and foundry Dimitrije Petrović. However, he did not finish this work, but quarreled with the Municipality and returned to Vienna, where he lived permanently. Others completed the design of the iconostasis and made plans for the choir, pulpit and thrones for the prince and the metropolitan. In 1841, an academic painter, Dimitrije Avramović, was invited, and he was given the task of making the iconostasis for the new church, and painting the entire interior. Avramović completed this work in the fall of 1845. On November 5, 1845, Metropolitan Petar, with twelve priests and six deacons, consecrated the Belgrade Cathedral.
More...Keywords: freedom; existence; human being; human freedom;
The feeling of freedom, the opinion about it and the various efforts to make it more serious are the essence of humanity always and forever. Everything about it is in the individual man and therefore depends on him. Its translation into a relationship with society and the world and their ideological representations and reducing it to freedom of work, thought and action, freedom of society, capital and the market, often meant the denial of individual freedom, without which there is and cannot be justice in the world. All ways of limiting this essence of existence also mean endangering man, and thus the world as a whole. That is why the question of human freedom is a question of the integrity of existence. It is not possible to reduce it to any deterministic framework, to any confinement in conditionality. It is both philosophical and theological, but first of all and more than anything else, it lies in the openness of the self and overcoming every state in which man is or can be. To say man is the same as to say human being, and that means both female and male. If this duality of humanity - receiving and giving, which is the known and confirmation of the absolutely One - is placed in an ontological hierarchical sequence, it is clear that the receiving side of humanity has an advantage. The giving side is feasible only in it and through it. Herald Praise, mercy to the worlds and their motherhood, says: "Truly the hearts of all the children of Adam are like one between two fingers of the Most Merciful." He turns it in any direction he wants."
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