Идеята за централно училище в просветните концепции на Найден Геров (1850–1877)

Author(s): Antoaneta Kirilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This article delves into Nayden Gerov’s proposal to transform the Plovdiv boys’ school into a “central” institution aimed at preparing educators and clergy for both local communities and broader Bulgarian territories. Drawing on published documents and archival sources, the study traces Gerov’s endeavors in various societal roles, encompassing his roles as the school’s founder and inaugural teacher, a prominent Bulgarian public figure, and a Russian diplomat in Plovdiv. The narrative explores the realization of Gerov’s visionary concept and sheds light on the landscape of Bulgarian educational initiatives during the Revival.

Notes Bibliographiques

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek,Jiřina Šedinová,Anita Franková,Alexandr Putík / Language(s): English,French,German Issue: 1+2/1991

Review of: Milada Vilímková: Le ghetto de Prague. Prague, Artia 1990, 231 pages; Josef Krása, České iluminované rukopisy 13./16. století (Böhumische illuminierte Handschriften des 13./16. Jahrhunderts) - Praha, Odeon, 1990, 456 Seiten; Milan Kuna, Hudba na hranici života (Musik an der Grenze des Lebens) Praha, Naše vojsko, 199; Martin Buber, Chasídská vyprávění (Récits hassidiques) Traduit de l’allemand par Alena Bláhová, Prague 1990, éditions Kalich, 575 page; Vladimir Lipscher: Zwischen Kaiser, Fiskus, Adel, Zünften: Die Juden im Habsburgerreich des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts am Beispiel Böhmens und Mährens. Abhandlung zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät I der Universität Zürich. Zürich, Zentralstelle der Studentenschaft, 1983, 298 Seite; The Feast and the Fast. The dramatic personal story of the Tosfos Yom Tov Zt”L. Prepared by Rabbi C.U. Lipschitz and Dr. Neil Rosenstein, New York — Jerusalem 1984, 75 pp., 41 genealogical charts; Kieval, Hillel J.: The Making of Czech Jewry. National Conflict and Jewish Society in Bohemia 1870—1918. New York — Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1988, 279 pp. The Kaufmann Haggadah. A 14th Century Hebrew Manuscript from the Oriental Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest, Kultura International, 1990. (Facsimile, 60 folios; introductory study by Gabrielle Sed-Rajna, 23 pp.)

REVISITING ZEMUN AND BELGRADE THROUGH THE LENS OF OTTOMAN MOBILITY (1772 – 1826)

Author(s): Zeynep Arslan Çalık / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The study of human mobility has been a crucial aspect of history, enabling the integration of diverse communities and cultures transcending socio-cultural differences and political boundaries. The focus of this study is the examination of the significance of Zemun and Belgrade in Ottoman mobility during the period of 1772 – 1826, documented by the Habsburg authorities. The registers entitled “Türkische Untertanen in den Erblanden, mit Listen” (Turkish Subjects in the Hereditary Lands, with Lists) contain information on 6,930 Ottoman subjects, dating back to as early as 1772, and encompassing a vast geographic expanse. This study aims to scrutinize the demographic, socio-economic, and geographical factors associated with Ottoman mobility, emphasizing the pivotal role played by Zemun and Belgrade in facilitating interaction with Europe and the Mediterranean region, particularly through commercial activities. The study provides conclusive evidence and novel data for further research.

Резюм

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/1980

Summaries for Judaica Bohemiae 1980/1.

Пепеляшките нагоре – надолу по стълбата на социалната мобилност. Спомени за бедността на бежанците от Източна Тракия

Author(s): Diana Radoynova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The article approves the biographical approach and the case study method on a specific text fragment – the ancestral memories of a descendant of refugees from Lozengrad in 1903 about poverty, deprivation, humiliation, lack of social support and the difficult integration into the host community for three generations in a row. The empirical text is interpreted through the theoretical concepts of some of the most prominent researchers of poverty and its accompanying social dynamics such as Sorokin, Bourdieu, Simmel, etc.

Music, Language and Identity in Greece. Defining a National Art Music in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Author(s): Ivan Moody / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2020

Review of: Music, Language and Identity in Greece. Defining a National Art Music in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Edited by Polina Tambakaki, Panos Vlagopoulos, Katerina Levidou and Roderick Beaton. London and New York: Routledge 2020. ISBN 978-1-138-28002-1 xiv+318pp.

Музеи, културен туризъм и културно наследство в България от средата до края на ХХ век. Основни моменти от историческото развитие и проблеми

Author(s): Vidin Sukarev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This study presents the background of cultural tourism in Bulgaria. There are a lot of definitions of tourism, but everywhere in the leading places is mentioned the cultural heritage. Cultural tourism became a global autonomy economy branch in the 1980s. In Bulgaria, in the middle of the 1950s, a growth of restoration, preservation, and presentation work began. The number of museums increased from 70 in 1949 to 233 in 1999. The peak of museum visitors was between 1976 and 1987, but statistical data are not reliable. The transition to a democratic society and market economy was the real start of cultural tourism in Bulgaria, established on the material base, institutions, and infrastructure constructed during the studied period. The applied data shows that the percent of museum non-budget incomes increased, but the system still needs reforms and investments.

Историческа география и полемология – взаимовръзки в теорията на международната сигурност

Author(s): Radoslav Bonev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1s/2024

Fundamental historical-geographical and political-geographical categories and concepts with methodological interrelationships in the description of polemology are presented. Through a propositional-logical connection in historical geography and polemology, the modern significance of the nation-state in the theory of international security is examined.

RAZGOVOR S JAKOBOM FINCIJEM “KROZ MEĐUNARODNI FORUM BOSNA SMO UČILI O SEBI, DRUGIMA TE DRUGE O SEBI”

Author(s): Medina Delalić,Jakob Finci / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 100/2022

Interview with Jakob Finci by Medina Delalić.

За средновековната арабска полемика срещу берберите и тяхното практикуване на исляма

Author(s): Desislava Vladimirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The group of Arabic medieval authors critiqued and condemned the practices of Islam among the Berber tribes in North Africa. This article delves into the medieval debate surrounding Berber Islam, exploring key themes and interpretations of Arab-Berber relations and the unique aspects of intra-religious dynamics in the medieval Islamic West. Through a comparative analysis, it examines medieval Arabic perspectives on the origins of the Berbers, the nature of Berber Islam, accusations of heterodoxy, and the perceived absence of urban culture. The essay also explores Arab authors’ perspectives on Berber rule during the Almoravid (1054–1147) and Almohad (1121–1269) periods. By examining polemical examples, it sheds light on the intricate political landscape of the Maghreb. A detailed investigation into the characteristics of Berber Islam provides insights into the Arab approach to governance in the region, as well as the successes and shortcomings thereof. The consistent negative portrayal of Berbers in Arabic narratives underscores underlying issues within the medieval Islamic politico-religious framework.

Новооткрити османотурски документи за рударството в българските земи през XV–XVII век

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

This research presents new insights into the development of mining in Bulgarian territories during the 15th to 17th centuries, drawing from previously unpublished Ottoman Turkish documents. These documents, sourced from the Ottoman Archives at the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey in Istanbul, offer valuable information on various aspects of mining activity. The author highlights a significant contribution to scholarly understanding by introducing, for the first time, details about the presence of kürecis (individuals responsible for melting ore in furnaces) in Bulgarian lands during the late 15th century. Additionally, the study sheds light on the religious affiliations and demographic shifts among kürecis over time, providing a unique perspective on this aspect of mining history. Furthermore, the research uncovers new data regarding the involvement of Voynuks in security functions within the mines, as well as the participation of Müselems and Yürüks in the ore remelting process. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the roles and dynamics within the mining industry during the specified period.

За децата с любов и разбиране

Author(s): Yura Konstantinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

Catholic Action: The Historical Framework of the Creation of the Organized Laity

Author(s): Ivan Šestak,Ivica Musa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The centuries–old model of the Church as a community of lay people and clerics who inspire and guide them was entering a functional crisis. In the era of revolutions and liberalism, the laity found itself in a new, contradictory position: at the same time, they are believers loyal to the Church and citizens loyal to secular society. Looking for a way out of the crisis, the Church relied on the democratic capacity of the laity, who promoted Christian values with their social presence, but also fought for the Church’s political rights. The organized Catholic laity had a specific role: to form, culturally and morally, the lay classes. The prehistory of the creation of the Catholic lay movement (Catholic Action) gives insights into the complexity of societies in the second half of the 19th, and the beginning of the 20th century, but also the high level of inventiveness of both the laity and the hierarchy in activating the laity, which will turn out to be an epoch–making success of the Church of the 20th century.

RUĐANSKA TURBETA

Author(s): Ismet Bušatlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 44/2023

In the municipality of Rudo, eleven mausoleums of various dimensions and shapes have been erected thus far. In Staro Rudo there are two mausoleums, and one each in Sokolovići, Donja Strmica, Bresnica, Obrvena, Barakovci (Strgačina), Prebidoli, Sjeverin, Ustibar, and Mioče. Nine of them were erected for males, and two of them were made for maidens. Four have been preserved to this day, two have been restored, and one newly erected. After the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina, the reconstruction of mosques began, also followed by the reconstruction of mausoleums. Among the reconstructed mausoleums, we should mention those in Staro Rudo and Mioče, as well as the construction of a new one erected in honour of civilian victims of war. Hopefully, this activity will be continued and other destroyed mausoleums in Rudo will be reconstructed. Furthermore, the service of a turbedar (mausoleum keeper) is documented in three mausoleums.

Таргетингът и културното наследство: унищожаване на културното наследство по време на конфликти

Author(s): Radoslav Chalakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

Armed conflicts affect many aspects of life. In addition to casualties from military impacts, conflicts often involve damage or destruction of cultural heritage. The significant challenges we face in the XXI century also complicate the protection of cultural heritage during military operations. The increasing use of social media provides instant viewing and propaganda for the destruction of cultural heritage and, in many cases, its irreversible destruction, on the other hand, precision munitions increase the expectation that cultural heritage sites will be spared during conflict. This expectation often leads to increased frustration and disappointment when sites are not protected or become collateral damage. This article examines the role of the targeting process in influencing cultural heritage during conflict.

Rethinking Intellectual History in East-Central Europe

Author(s): Matej Ivančík / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This overview provides insights into the articles featured in the thematic issue, accompanied by additional elaboration on the theme of rethinking intellectual history in the East-Central Europe region. The period covered stretches from the first half of the nineteenth century to the history of post-communist transformation and within that time span, an extended conversation with global history, philosophy, sociology and other fields runs through the phenomena scrutinized here. The articles presented in this issue aim to both enrich and contribute to the intellectual history tradition of the region. Simultaneously, they actively participate in ongoing debates on de-canonizing political thought, traditionally more inclined towards the examination of great philosophical and scholarly traditions. While such endeavours are not unprecedented, the current issue seeks to communicate new perspectives, introduce lesser-known actors and concepts, and position them within the current and developing activities that have recently emerged in the field of intellectual history in East-Central Europe.

Eesti õigeusu kiriku tekstiilide päritolu ja kohalikud mõjud

Author(s): Madli Sepper / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 1 (84)/2023

This article explores liturgical textiles in the Estonian Orthodox Church, examining their historical development, theological significance and contemporary manifestations. Focusing on altar covers, eileton, chalice veils (aer and kalymmata), Epitaphios, and antimension. In this article, I will present liturgical textiles preserved in Estonian Orthodox churches and divide them into four periods. The Tsarist period (since 1840s), the period between the two world wars, the Soviet period and the period of the restored Estonian Republic. The research problem is the lack of knowledge regarding the preservation and age of textiles in Estonian Orthodox churches. To find the answer, I conducted fieldwork studying church textiles in Estonia and compared them to those in neighbouring countries such as Finland and Russia. I analysed order catalogues of church inventory from Tsarist Russian factories and the Project of the Scientific Department of Church Arts at Saint Tikhon’s Orthodox University of Humanities in Moscow. Information about textiles from the period between the two world wars was collected from Estonian Orthodox Church newspapers of that time. Data on Soviet-era textiles was gathered through interviews with old priests and parish clerks. Information on textiles from the period of the restored Estonian Republic was obtained through interviews with priests and clergymen. Contemporary textiles were compared with modern church inventory ordering catalogues.

Политиката на Белград към турското и албанското малцинство в Югославската федерация с акцент на демографията от края на Втората световна война до смъртта на Тито

Author(s): Mariyana STAMOVA / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

In the article, the subject of research and analysis is the situation and status of the Turkish and Albanian minorities in the Yugoslav Federation after the Second World War, with an emphasis on Kosovo and Macedonia and the Yugoslav policy towards them. Because of the conflict with Kominform in June 1948 and the deterioration of the Yugoslav-Albanian relationship, the Belgrade leadership was worried about the reaction of the Albanian population in Yugoslavia. At the same time, to limit the demographic and ethnic invasion of the Albanians in Kosovo and Macedonia, Yugoslav authorities started a political campaign for their exportation. After the signing of the Yugoslav-Turkish agreement in 1953, which confirmed the convention from 1938 for the exportation of Turks from Yugoslavia in Turkey, the emigration into Turkey not only of Turks, but also Albanians, was legalized. Albanians in the Yugoslav federation got the possibility to define themselves as “Turks”, and thus to immigrate to Turkey (not Albania). In that way, many Albanians in Yugoslavia, mainly from Kosovo and Macedonia, declared themselves as “Turks”. In those years, Belgrade decided to intensify and renew the idea of emigrating the Muslim population, such as the Turks and Albanians, after World War II.

A Bibliometric Analysis of History Researches on Turkey 1975 – 2023

Author(s): Murat Soysal / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The aim of this study is to exhibit a bibliometric analysis of historical studies on Turkey. A total of 1288 articles from 230 journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database in the years 1975 – 2023 were used in the analysis. The analysis aims to provide a review of historical studies on Turkey by identifying the dynamics of research by presenting the periodical process, current situation, and future directions. The main focus of the analysis is set to the recent history of Turkey. Therefore, the scope of the study was defined as Turkey’s founding period, its aftermath, and the period up to the present day, and accordingly, the keywords ‘Turkey’, ‘Turkish Republic’, and ‘Republic of Turkey’ was utilized in the search query in the WoS database. On the data obtained, it is observed that the word ‘Turkey’ is found to be more than ‘Turkish Republic’ and ‘Republic of Turkey’ in the published articles. Also, most of the studies on Turkey were conducted in Turkey by Turkish authors. In this study, it is observed that the historical studies on Turkey are differentiated not only according to internal developments in Turkey, such as the foundation of the Republic, World War I, nationalism, etc. but also according to the effects of external factors, such as issues concerning asylum seekers/migrants, and regional issues such as the Middle East and the Black Sea.

В НОВИТЕ БРОЕВЕ НА СПИСАНИЯТА НА ,,АЗ-БУКИ“ ЧЕТЕТЕ

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024