We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

4.50 €

Tylko cycki, tyłki i tatuaże? Wizerunek kobiecego i męskiego ciała na Instagramie

Author(s): Magdalena Szulc / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article discusses the phenomenon of image creation using the Instagram application, with particular emphasis on presenting the body image by women and men. The article summarizes the results of a qualitative study carried out by the author on pictures posted on Instagram units in September — November 2017 showing images of women’s and men’s bodies: categories and main conclusion that gender determines the body image presented on photos posted on Instagram.

More...

4.50 €

Autoprezentacja à rebours? Podmiot w zwierciadle wybranych (auto)narracji terapeutycznych

Author(s): Ewa Ficek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author of the article has taken interest in autobiographical narratives used in therapeutic practice, more accurately — stories of alcoholics’ drinking, commonly called (in Polish) piciorysy. Overview of the source material (i.e. statements taken from books or the Internet) has allowed to answer, among others, the following research questions: What self‑image do authors build?; Do these texts fit within the range of behaviour subordinated to image management? If yes — should we talk about self‑presentation or rather à rebours self‑presentation, considering the type of information disclosed therein (which relates to someone’s mistakes and life crises determined by alcohol dependence)

More...

4.50 €

Język sukcesu w dyskursie telewizyjnym (na przykładzie porannego magazynu „Onet Rano”)

Author(s): Ewelina Tyc / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The contemporary television is constantly seeking for audience. This is ensured by continuous professionalisation of television shows, media convergence and persuasiveness of messages. It is also a medium that has a power to dignify. This is in line with the lifestyle that is fashionable today, that is the belief in one’s own abilities, dynamic professional development or following the novelties are reflected in the language. In television discourse, the language of success is an element building a media image of the world. The indicated issues will be discussed on the example of the Onet Rano morning programme on Internet television.

More...

4.50 €

Częstochowa — wizerunek miasta promowany i prezentowany w miesięczniku „Jasne, że Częstochowa”

Author(s): Violetta Jaros / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The subject of the article is the image of Częstochowa promoted in the pages of the periodical published by the Department of Culture, Promotion, and Sport of the City Hall. A specification of the general characteristics of the image has been combined with a description of the structure of the magazine which serves a functional tool for regional branding. The description has been arranged according to two segments (to which specific columns of the magazine can be assigned): the uniform image of the city and the system of communication between the local authorities and their target groups. The examination has been limited to the 2017 annual volume

More...

4.50 €

Wizerunek miejsc zamieszkania jako stereotyp kreowany przez dzienniki ogólnopolskie na przykładzie dwóch dzielnic Warszawy: Pragi Południe i Pragi Północ

Author(s): Olga Łęcka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Subjective imagination of the recipient about the place of residence results not only from information obtained from people surrounding them, but also from knowledge gathered from media. Especially in the context of Polish capital where new residents come annually mainly for business purposes. Nationwide daily media such as „Fakt”, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, „Rzeczpospolita” or „Super Express” affect the image and perception associated with particular parts of the capital. As a result of intentional communication activities the media titles create a desired image of districts but most of all they build press materials based on a widely accepted stereotype — thus misleading the recipient. This is confirmed by research on the image, created in media, of Warsaw districts: Praga Południe and Praga Północ in four nationwide media titles held in April — September 2015.

More...

4.50 €

Kryzys jako stan normalny — o normalizacji rzeczy nie do przyjęcia Zarys projektu badawczego

Author(s): Annette Siemes / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents an outline of a research project concerning the normalisation of a state of crisis in media communication as well as in communication in general — the last understood as a process of negotiation of meaning that forms the basis for social‑communicational reality. The concept of normalism as well as research on normalisation procedures in communication constitute the theoretical background of the project. On their basis the text gives an outline of the research plan and an overwiew on the first research categories resulting from an initial analysis of empiric material (news concerning the Climate Change Conference in Bonn, COP23, in 2017).

More...

4.50 €

Marginalia rękopiśmienne z XV wieku Wezwania i westchnienia

Author(s): Mariusz Leńczuk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses 15th-century Polish invocations and supplications to God, Jesus, Mary and the saints. The research material is robust and varied. The invocations have been discovered in numerous manuscripts of varied contents and provenance, located in different part of the codex and the text, and they have often assumed different forms. Published in volumes of marginalia, footnotes and comments, they ceased to exist in selections of medieval prayers where, due to their historical and genological character, they should have been placed. The article discusses the history of their creation and describes the medieval practice of inscribing those kinds of prayers into the margins of 15th-century manuscripts.

More...

4.50 €

Zapiski studenckie Mikołaja Kopernika w Super feudis… (1498) Jacoba de Alvarottis

Author(s): Clarinda E. Calma / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

On December 10, 2013, a team of Polish researchers headed by Tomasz Garwoliński, the director of the “Hosianum” Seminary Library in Olsztyn (Warmia Archdiocese), and Teresa Borawska from the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń confirmed the discovery of ten incunabula containing hand-written notes of the great astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543). Some of those notes can be found in the book by Jacobus de Alvarottis, entitled Super feudis, cum additionibus Matthaei de Corbinellis et Montorii Mascarelli. Consilia. Baptista de Sancto Blasio: Rubrica de differentiis inter decisiones feudales et decisiones iuris canonici vel civilis… and published in Pavia in 1498. The notes were taken most probably between 1501 and 1503, when Copernicus was preparing for his canonical and feudal law exams. The article presents preliminary research findings regarding selected notes of the great astronomer and includes an epistemological interpretation of Copernicus’s marginalia, which shed light on his reading habits.

More...

4.50 €

Dawid objaśniony. Marginalia w Psałterzu Jakuba Lubelczyka z 1558 roku

Author(s): Janusz S. Gruchała / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to David’s Psalter published in 1558 by the Cracow publisher Maciej Wirzbięta and translated by Jakub Lubelczyk. It was the first translation of the entirety of the Book of Psalms into Polish; twenty-one years later another translation was made by Jan Kochanowski. The article presents the figure of Jakub Lubelczyk in the context of the so-called “Trzecieski’s group”, a society of literary men connected with the Protestant Church. The author is interested predominantly in Lubelczyk’s comments, found in the “arguments” which precede particular psalms and on the margins. Their character can lead to the conclusion that the translator was not concerned with explaining the geographical and historical context in the text of the psalsm, but rather a comprehensive commentary on the general situation of the Christian faith and the Church. Typical interpretation dominates the notes: in the book of the Old Testament, the translator attempts to find a sign of the coming of Christ. Lubelczyk modeled his edition of the psalter on the Latin edition published in Nuremberg by Georg Meier, a Lutheran scholar and reformer. However, Lubelczyk structures his notes in a different way, posing not as a commentator but rather a preacher explaining the allegorical meaning of David’s.

More...

4.50 €

Rola marginaliów w Postępku prawa czartowskiego…

Author(s): Anna Kochan / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Postępek prawa czartowskiego… (1570), which consists of two parts, constitutes a compilation of different genres and forms, written partly in narration and partly in dialogue. The first part tells the story of the devil’s legal trials and tribulations, while the second part is a condensed demonological text. This structure has affected the selection, kind and function of the marginalia: in the narrative and dialogical structure it is possible to identify notes similar to contemporary stage directions (names of characters, descriptions of actions, setting), issues and concepts important to the author (morally or doctrinally significant issues) as well as legal terms. The lack of explanation for the latter as well as their incidental character suggest that the author is a moralist rather than a theologian, as his legal knowledge seems to be lacking. The writings on the margins in the second part consist predominantly of short notes and quotes, in which the author points to the specialist nomenclature and contentious issues in demonology, even though he is incapable of explaining them himself: this could indicate that the author was a clergyman. Postępek prawa czartowskiego… is a genre hybrid, though at the same time it illustrates the relationship between the form and the choice of marginalia of a particular kind (in this perspective, localizations and Bible quotations are irrelevant). In the dialogical parts the author focuses on introducing the characters (thus, the marginalia function as stage directions), while in the narrative part, the focus shifts to key concepts and issues.

More...

4.50 €

Noty marginesowe jako obiekt badań filologicznych i argument atrybucyjny. Przypadek Macieja Stryjkowskiego

Author(s): Aleksandra Oszczęda / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article concerns a hitherto unknown to the researchers set of annotations found on the pages of one of the copies of the Polish translation of Loci communes de institutione principum…, a treatise on education written by Reinhard Lorichius. The collection comprises of marginalia, which are described and analyzed in the following article. Moreover, the author studies their relationships with the main text and attempts to attribute the notes to their author. That author, according to the article, is Maciej Stryjkowski, a poet and annalist who lived in the second half of the 16th century. The authorship has been attributed on the basis of a comparative study, graphological examination and identification of the cultural context. This part of the study concerns the issues of the Renaissance book culture and its characteristic features, such as: selective reading, handwritten notes on the margins or the rules of compiling excerpts. The study undertaken in this article resulted not only in the discovery of Stryjkowski’s signature, so important for the historians of literature, but also – or maybe most importantly – provided insight into his literary technique, allowing to showcase the erudite and imitative practices characteristic of his writing.

More...

4.50 €

Epigramaty Johna Owena jako rękopiśmienne sentencje pod piórem jezuity Andrzeja Obrembskiego

Author(s): Izabela Wiencek-Sielska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the handwritten maxims written in books by Andrzej Obrembski SJ (ca 1567–1639), a Jesuit priest who was tasked with caring after the Jesuit library in Łomża in 1614–1639. The books which belonged to the library in Łomża have been preserved in the University Library in Warsaw; among them, there are thirty-four volumes containing fifty-four maxims written by Obrembski. The majority of them have been excerpted from the oeuvre of the Welsh epigrammatist John Owen (1560–1622) and those have been translated and discussed in the article. The analysis of the maxims has been preceded by a discussions considering the provenance and character of those wisdom maxims written on the front pages of the books. In addition, the article discusses the reception of the “Martial of Wales” as well as the issue of the clash of denominations: Owen was a Protestant, while Obrembski was a Counter-Reformation Jesuit, who diligently tracked down those books in the library in Łomża whose authors were non-conformist.

More...

4.50 €

Nad rękopiśmiennymi wariantami „Płaczu grobowego na sławnej pamięci… Stanisława Żółkiewskiego…” (1621)

Author(s): Piotr Borek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article compares two manuscript variants of a collection of poems entitled “Płacz grobowy na sławnej pamięci… Stanisława Żółkiewskiego…”, preserved in the Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kórnik. The work documents the early stages of the creation of the legend of Żółkiewski as a protector of the borders of the Commonwealth against its foreign enemies in the first two decades of the 17th century. The eulogy was published in 1621 (mentioned by Michał Wiszniewski and Wiktor Hahn), though there are no surviving copies of the print version, and the contents of the text are known only from the manuscripts. In this short study, the author makes note of the differences between two different versions of the poems, in particular its length, composition, stylistic variants and other, less significant issues. The tables which include a side-by-side comparison between the versions emphasize the large number of alternations in both versions. The article is also accompanied by extensive illustrative material.

More...

4.50 €

Ręka sekretarza Radziwiłłów birżańskich: marginalia Piotra Kochlewskiego

Author(s): Mariola Jarczykowa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the marginalia of Piotr Kochlewski, the secretary of Krzysztof Radziwiłł, preserved in the manuscripts which reside in the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw. In the draft of the last will and testament of Duke Krzysztof, written in 1627, Kochlewski wrote down in his own hand the information regarding the family and court of the nobleman, commentary regarding Radziwiłł’s political stance, instructions concerning schools, churches, archives and the treasury. The secretary made editions to the initial draft of the testament, including language corrections, and used proofreading marks. His editorial notes include also manuscripts of religious treaties (“Głos anonima ewangelika do Króla Je[go] M[iło]ści i do stanów R[zeczy]p[ospoli]- tej…”, “Considerationes de excerptione Ich M[iło]ściów Panów duchownych contra securitatem dissidentium in religione po sejmie Anno Domini 1632”). The secretary underlined or removed certain sentences and substituted with his own, substituted longer phrases with shorter ones, and proposed to move long passages of the text. The comparison between the manuscripts and the print editions of the treaties indicates that the majority of Kochlewski’s corrections and comments were taken into account by the publishers.

More...

4.50 €

Rękopisy karmelitanek bosych w XVII i XVIII wieku Ekspresja artystyczna i sztuka pisania

Author(s): Anna Nowicka-Struska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the art of handwriting and the personal expression of nuns visible in 17th- and 18th-century manuscripts, which allows for an anthropological inquiry into the relationship between the authoress and the manuscript. Those reflections aim at presenting the writing and illuminating practices of Carmelite nuns, exhibited in preserved cloister manuscripts. The research material consists of the collection housed in the Library of the Carmelite Nuns in Cracow. The analysis of the manuscripts was conducted according to a system of categorization which decenters the main text and instead focuses on issues such as the structure of the codex, lettering, illuminations, medieval writing traditions, formats, the intimate character of contact with a handwritten book. According to the research findings, the amateur character of the illuminations indicates a close, intimate contact of the scribe with the manuscript. A careful observation of the art of writing among nuns, i.e. people belonging to an isolated, very small group and living in difficult, strict social conditions allows to look at the manuscript expression from a different perspective and opens up a more anthropologically-oriented (instead of bibliology-oriented) avenue for further research.

More...

4.50 €

Marginalia w księgach sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów w XVII i XVIII wieku. Prolegomena

Author(s): Monika Żeromska-Ciesielska,Tomasz Ciesielski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the marginalia found in court registers — short notes which for the most part have little in common with the entries in official municipal and provincial court registers of that time and should not have been placed there. The municipal and provincial court registers were of great importance for the Polish and Lithuanian nobility, as they existed since the inception of the aforementioned judicial bodies, i.e. the 14th century. Their aim was to document the court verdicts and rulings concerning the property of the nobility. With time, they became regulatory and at the same time concerned private law, since the entries performed the function of land and mortgage registers, contained royal, hetman and magistrate universals, Sejmik resolutions and instructions, tax tariffs and tax-related documents, a register of the forces of the levy en masse, as well as various manifests concerning important events in the public life. Considering their legal and public importance, it would seem that the notes should have a purely marginal character: the marking of blank pages, entries concerning queries, which should constitute footnotes. A completely different type of marginalia can be observed in municipal registers, which, fortunately, appear very rarely. Those include notes of a frivolous or downright obscene character.

More...

4.50 €

Fedra dla Antoniny Hoffmannowej. Adnotowany egzemplarz tragedii Jeana Racine’a z 1873 roku

Author(s): Michał Bajer / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the description and analysis of a copy of Racine’s Phèdre, translated by Wincenty Kopystyński and published in 1858 in Warsaw, annotated with notes which concern the Cracow stage production from 1873, starring Antonina Hoffmannowa (housed at the Library of the National Ossoliński Institute in Wrocław, catalogue number 192322 I). The aim of the article is an attempt at a recreation of the adaptation strategies made in order to adjust the text of the play to the norms and theater conventions of that time. Firstly, the stage director systematically limits the importance of characters other than the protagonist. This practice can be attributed to the character of the 19th-century professional scene and the phenomenon of stardom. Secondly, the implemented changes aim at removing the unwanted associations between Phèdre’s actions and the types of conduct which the 19th-century morality and art condemned. Thirdly, the staging of Racine’s play indicates a rejection of the classical ideals of realism and constant illusion on the part of the theater scene in Hoffmannowa’s times. Influenced by the tradition of Romantic theater, tragedy is thus perceived as a sequence of distinct scenes, while the importance of the logical connections between the scenes to create a coherent whole is diminished.

More...

4.50 €

Julian of Norwich’s Shewings: Translation as Re-vision

Author(s): Katarzyna Stadnik / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper takes a cognitive-cultural view of (in)fidelity in translation. Since it has been convincingly argued that Cognitive Linguistics (CL) can inform the study of translation, we adopt the methodology and conceptual tools of CL, including its major tenet of meaning as conceptualisation. We explore this problem using Julian of Norwich’s late Middle English Shewings, in which the anchoress recounts her visionary experiences. The religious text is replete with symbolic revelations interspersed with Julian’s attempts at their interpretation. In our analysis, we explore how linguistic imagery is re-constructed in the rendering of the late-medieval text by Mirabai Starr.

More...

4.50 €

Faith with Faithfulness – The Translation of John Henry Newman’s. Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent into Polish by Stanisław Brzozowski

Author(s): Anna Szczepan-Wojnarska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article presents Stanisław Brzozowski as a translator of works by John Henry Newman. Not only did Brzozowski translate the writings of the highly discussed and influential English thinker and preacher, who converted to Roman Catholicism, but he also selected the writings himself and explained them in the context of the European tradition. Brzozowski got involved in translation to an extraordinary extent and became Newman’s follower in life and shared his opinions, as it is vividly expressed in his Diary. According to Brzozowski’s own concept of the integrity of form in literature and life, he acts as a master of his craft focused on a single goal, that is, not a mere translation of Newman’s works but transformation of Newman’s readers into Newman’s followers.

More...

4.50 €

Ancient Myth in the Contemporary World

Author(s): Agata Mikołajko / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main aim of the article is to present selected casus of the contemporary realizations of ancient myths in the context of fidelity and infidelity in Wit Szostak’s Zagroda zębów and Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad. The two novellas are more than mere re-interpretations of the Odyssey story (or rather stories). The comparison of the motif of Homer’s The Odyssey in the above novellas shows that they are regarded as infidèles, but contrariwise – considering the various aspects and versions of the Odyssey’s myth immersed in ancient culture and literature, they are fidèles. The form of literary expression is certainly renewed, but the plot in both cases is the transposition of the ancient Odyssey’s themes. An interesting interpretative context for Zagroda zębów and The Penelopiad has been put forward by Piotr Sadkowski, that is, the context of migration literature in the Odyssey’s reactualizations, especially one of its elements, namely, the “imagined spacetime, where the cultures and languages coexist in hybrid narrative identity.” The subject of the article allows for the classification of the analyzed works as the translational refractions of the ancient myths. One of the pillars of European identity is ancient culture, either Greek or Roman. Representatives of Manipulation School, or rather the cultural turn in Translation Studies, Susan Bassnett and André Lefevere connect translation theory with cultural credentials. From such a perspective, cultural heritage can be one of the fundamental metaphorical languages. It is the myriad thesaurus, being derived to art, literature, cinema, etc. regardless of historical, political, social, and linguistic circumstances. The subsequent concretizations not only translate ancient ramifications but also modernize them, and in such a modernization it is possible to perceive the reflections of contemporary philosophical, literary, cultural, political ideas and phenomena, that is, at the same time they are modernized as fidèles-infidèles translations.

More...