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ISLAMSKA DRŽAVA

Author(s): Muhammad Asad / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 20/2004

Prije ili kasnije, u životu svakog naroda dođe trenutak kada mu se učini da on može slobodno uzeti sudbinu u svoje ruke, da su odluke o tome kojim putem će krenuti u zamišljenu budućnost lišene svake prisile koju bi moglo nametnuti neprijateljsko okruženje i okolnosti te da nema zemaljske sile koja bi taj narod mogla spriječiti da za sebe izabere onaj put koji se njemu čini najboljim. Takvi historijski trenuci su jako rijetki i nestalni, i ukoliko narod upravo tada ne iskoristi ponuđenu priliku, iduća mu se – čini se - neće ukazati stotinama godina kasnije.

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PRINCIPI DRŽAVE I VLASTI U ISLAMU

Author(s): Muhammad Asad / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2004

Ima više razloga zbog kojih se ukupna naša javnost (ne, dakle, samo ona uža, muslimanska) treba da upozna sa političkom dimenzijom islama, sa njegovom vizijom uređenja društva i države, a ne postoji nijedan razlog da se ta dimenzija prešućuje. Jer o čemu ne znaju – o tome umnici šute, svjetina brblja, a tirani - buču! Buka – to je, čini nam se, prava riječ za medijsku i diplomatsku kampanju koja se – u posljednjih dvadesetak godina, naročito poslije islamske revolucije u Iranu – vodi ne protiv ukupnog, nego upravo protiv političkog islama i njegovih zagovornika.

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RASPRAVA O TRANSCEDENTNOM ZNANJU

Author(s): Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad El-Gazali / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2004

Jedan od mojih prijatelja mi kazivaše kako je neki učenjak poricao mogućnost transcedentnog mističnog znanja, na koje se oslanjaju sufijski odličnici i kome teže sljedbenici tarikata (ehlu-t-tarikah)2, a koji tvrde da je transcedentno znanje postojanije i mudronosnije od znanja stečenog putem učenja (mine-l-’ulumi-l-muktesebeti-l-muhassaleti bi-t-te’allum). Prijatelj mi dalje govoraše da je taj učenjak rekao slijedeće: ¨Ja stvarno ne mogu shvatiti pojam sufijskog znanja, niti, pak, mogu zamisliti da iko na svijetu može govoriti o suštinskom znanju (fi-l-’ilmi-l-hakikijj) u...

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GAZALIJEV DOPRINOS ISLAMSKOJ KONCEPCIJI LIČNOSTI

Author(s): Abbas Husein Ali / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 18/2004

Odgovor na pitanje šta to znači biti čovjek je u središtu interesiranja savremene psihologije. Mnogo toga ovisi o načinu na koji se odgovori na ovo pitanje, a pitanja u vezi sa izučavanjem ličnosti, značenjem života i smislom stvaranja samo su neka važnija među njima. Literatura savremene psihologije pokazuje da je čovjek misterija samome sebi i da pitanje ljudske prirode predstavlja zamršenu temu mnogim učenjacima.1 Ovaj problem nije skorašnji. To je pitanje kojim su se bavili najveći ljudski umovi. Među njima je bio i Ebu-Hamid el-Gazali, čije obimno pisanje o ovoj temi zaslužuje više pažnje nego što je tome do sada dato.

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Islam jako religia w ujęciu papieża Benedykta XVI

Author(s): Piotr Królikowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article shows the problem of the Islam as it is understood by Pope Benedict XVI. As we can see, the Pope paid a lot of attention to the Moslems during his pontificate. The author analyses his statements concerning the Islam to answer the question about the status of the Islam as religion in the teaching of the Church. The understanding of religion as connection between man and God, was taken by the author as the point of departure for that. The following elements are the essential parts of that concept: the doctrine, principles of moral life, worship and organization. The author indicates that the first three elements are clearly present in the statements of the Holy Father, especially issues connected with the principles of moral life, whereas the organization is merely implied. Because Pope Benedict XVI stresses strongly that the concept of religion as a whole and the Islam as well cannot be connected with violence, the author dedicates a separate point to that issue. He presents in it the idea of the Pope, who rejects violence as a distortion of religion. Ultimately the author draws the conclusion that he himself assumes an attitude towards religion that is similar to that one of the Pope in the light of his statements. It leads, however, to a further thought that the Islam is not realized as religion in all Moslem communities.

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Islam polski

Author(s): Janusz Kamocki,Aleksander Miśkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Tatar regiments participated in many Polish military campaigns, from the Battle of Grunwald to the September Campaign in 1939. Sometimes they even fought on the Polish side against their own kinsmen invading Poland, Tatars and Turks. Since they would receive land in recognition of their military service, many of them assimilated into the ranks of the nobility. Living in a Christian milieu for 600 years, mainly in the Eastern Borderlands, they preserved their Islamic faith and incorporated into it many Christian beliefs and ceremonies. Tatars used to have there 15 religious communes, of which only two remain today: in Kruszyniany and Bohoniki. They still burry their dead there, even those from other parts of Poland. Evicted from their homeland, they settled in towns and villages gained by Poland after the World War II. There are around 5000 Tatars in Poland today, living in harmony with their Christian neighbours.

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Obrzęd azanu wśród Tatarów polskich na podstawie Chamaiłu Alijewicza

Author(s): Iga Schabieńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The name Alijewicz's Chamaił refers to the manual for the rite of azan, used by the Tatars' community and its long-time imam, Ibrahim Bronisław Alijewicz, in New York. It bears his name for the impossibility of identifying its real author. The opening paragraphs of the article describe languages found in the chamaił and other extinct writings of the Tatars. The central part is devoted to the detailed analysis of the structure and content of the Alijewicz's Chamaił, as well as its external appearance. The closing paragraphs describe the actual azan. There is also a translation of an excerpt from the Alijewicz's Chamaił referring to this rite, along with the photographs of the original text in Arabic. The rite of azan, as described in this article, demonstrates a significant influence of Islam, Christianity, ancient tribal rites and Polish folk customs on the Tatars living in Poland.

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Dwie twarze islamu – przypadek średniowiecznej Sycylii

Author(s): Jacek Konik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Islam today is being perceived as the religion that is in the state of conflict with the Judeo-Christian tradition. But a case study of the medieval Sicily proves that it is possible to create a multicultural society in the name of the Koran. Strategic location of the island has always attracted settlers. It was under Byzantine rule since the 6th century. In the 8th century it attracted the attention of the Arabs, just then creating their new states in North Africa. One of them was the Aghlabid Emirate. In 827 it sent an invading army to Sicily. The Muslim conquest of the island, punctuated with the outbursts of onslaught and destruction, lasted for several decades. In the 10th century the reins of power went to the rulers from the Kalbids dynasty. They introduced a policy of tolerance, promoted arts and science and supported trade and agriculture. In the 11th century Sicily was conquered by the Normans. Recognising the high value of the culture they encountered on the island, they retained most measures of their predecessors. The official languages were Latin, Greek and Arabic. The mixture of various cultures in Sicily produced one of the most advanced societies of that period.

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Islam w Jerozolimie

Author(s): Marcin Imach / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

In the last ten years Islam has gained much new territory in the Near East. The one city of equal importance to all three great monotheistic religions there is Jerusalem. What Jerusalem means to Muslims is plain from the history of their rule there. The first section of this article tells about the times before the Muslim conquest of the city. The second part focuses on the Muslim rule from 638 up to the time of the crusades. The next part provides an overview of the crusades and the hard times when the reins of control over the city were passing between the hands of Muslims and Christians. It then proceeds to describe the history of Jerusalem under the Turkish rule. The final section presents the modern history of the city.

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Od kalifatu do Państwa Islamskiego. Historia i teraźniejszość w aktualnej sytuacji w Iraku

Author(s): Aldona Maria Piwko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article presents the history of the idea of a caliphate and a caliph and its appropriation by the self-proclaimed Islamic State in 2014. The abolition of the religious power in 1924 by Kemal Mustafa prompted Muslim community to demand its reestablishment. The present situation in Iraq and Northeast Syria is dramatic. Islamic traditional religious ideas have been distorted. Their place has been taken by the desire to take revenge on the hateful West, destroy all un-Islamic things and dominate the world. Hardly a day passes without a murder of war prisoners or adherents of other religions being in the news. Human dignity is daily violated, too. And all in the name of God.

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Spór wokół hidżabu w Nigerii

Author(s): Ewa Siwierska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Islamic revivalism is very strong in the northern part of Nigeria, where most of the states have formally declared Islamic law as their legal code. One of the outward expressions of this revivalism is the adoption of the hijab for Muslim females. Majority of Muslims agree that wearing hijab is a matter of faith and undisputable obligation, as it demonstrates modesty and obedience to God. Hijab guarantees freedom and safety of the Muslim women. It also connotes the rejection of Western influence. From the non-Islamic perspective, however, hijab is seen as the symbol of oppression and violation of women's rights; a tool in the hands of men to control them. The introduction of hijab has generated heated debates among scholars and people in Nigeria. Ban on wearing it in public institutions has stirred much controversy. Many Muslims see it as an outright violation of their constitutional right to freedom of religion and yet another manifestation of the long-standing hostility of the West towards Islam.

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Prawa człowieka w islamie. Poglądy M. Fethullaha Gülena

Author(s): Edyta Dzwonkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article addresses the issue of human rights in Islam, with particular emphasis on the views of M. Fethullah Gulen, the Sufi leader, scholar and social reformer. At the beginning, his biography is briefly presented. Then various concepts of understanding of human rights in Islam and their importance for democracy are outlined. The article highlights the fact that in the Arab world there is a fundamental principle of the supremacy of the law of God over human rights and it shows the relationship between rights and responsibilities of the individual. Then the article presents the views of Fethullah Gulen on human rights, including the right to freedom of thought, which according to him, is the foundation for the development of both the individual and the society as a whole. According to the Turkish scholar, the Muslims have the real understanding of human rights.

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Islam a przestrzeń geograficzna – refleksja historiozoficzna

Author(s): Jarosław Mikołajec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Geography of world religions is not accidental. There is a spatial organisation in their occupation of particular regions. The principle Cuius regio, eius religio has universal application. Both Islam and Christianity claim the status of the final revelation. Islam, restricted by the Brandt Line to the north, the Sahara Desert to the south and dharmic religions to the east, forces Christianity out and crosses its borders, causing migration from North Africa to Europe. It is impossible to extrapolate the present trends in the number of adherents of various religions. There are no indications that any of them is going to outnumber all the others.

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Obraz islamu w polskim czasopiśmiennictwie misyjnym

Author(s): Marcin Wrzos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The essay presents an overview of the articles about Islam published in Polish missionary magazines since the end of the Second World War. There are nearly thirty missionary magazines, which can be divided into four categories: 1) low-circulation for general public; 2) high-circulation for general public; 3) popular science; 4) academic. The method of historical analysis leads to the following, general conclusions: Magazines targeted at general public treat Islam in a rather cursory manner. Their missiographics usually perceive it in a negative way, as a persecutor of Christianity. Popular science magazines tend to espouse more neutral beliefs. They publish monographs, comparative essays, articles about interreligious dialogue and missiographic essays. The most objective image of Islam can be found in academic publications.

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Dialog życia z wyznawcami islamu. Świadectwo katolickiej misjonarki

Author(s): Anna Siudak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Dialogue of life is a basic form of dialogue that the Catholic Church conducts with other religions. This form of evangelization I practised as a Franciscan Missionary of Mary (FMM) in North Africa.Dialogue of life with Muslims was based on the benevolent dealing with them in a neighbourhood in which I lived and worked. It was based primarily on the natural human solidarity and daily contacts in a spirit of tolerance and effort to understand our differences. I worked at the Centre for Paralyzed Children in Tripoli, and have been the only European and Christian. I earned as much as other Libyans. I lived in one of their neighbourhoods, in a house joined with other ones by three walls and a terrace. Working with the followers of Islam I had Fridays and all Muslim holidays free.I represented the religious and national minority, and my role was confined to the service. Occupation of a nurse really facilitated it. At work, I felt a great family solidarity. I did not feel there neither alienated nor threatened, on the contrary - I found the circle of devoted friends.

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Islam within the religious space in Belarus: centuries-old history and modern tendencies

Author(s): Natalia Kutuzova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The article is devoted to the history of Islamic communities in Belarus, their communication with the Christians, features of the modern revival of religious life.Tatar-Muslims moved to the Byelorussian territory in the 14th century. Crimean Tatars, as well as Tatars from the Volga regions migrated to the Byelorussian territory. They were Muslims - Sunnites of the Hanafi madhhab. The legal status of Tatars was limited because the state religion in Grand Duchy of Lithuania was Christianity. The most ancient mosques till now are in villages of Nekrashuntsy near Lida (1415), Lovchitsy under Novogrudok (1420). The hand-written heritage of Byelorussian Tatar-Muslims includes 41 manuscripts along with fragments from the end of the 18th and the first half of the 20th century.The revival of religious life of the Muslims began in Belarus in the 90s of the 20th century. Tatar-Muslim capital in Belarus is Ivie (Grodno region). The Byelorussian Muslim religious associations, the Public association of the Tatars „Zikr ul'-Kitab" plays the key role in the religious revival. Quantitative data and features of modern religious life are described in this article. One of the most acute problems of the Muslim religious association is the problem of religious education of the youth, formation of their religious identity.

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Islam na Slovensku v medzináboženskom dialógu

Author(s): Jozef Jurko / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

territory - and thus also in the area of Slovakia and the Czech Republic. In the Czech Republic the Muslim religious community was recognized in 2004. In Slovakia it has not happened yet. The Koran orders Muslims to follow everything what is given in it and not to change it for anything else in the world, but simultaneously with this orders them to respect Christians, Jewish and other religions in the world. Especially the Christians have to follow the demand to spread Christ and the Gospel everywhere they are, also to numerous groups of immigrants from Muslim countries. The world actually stays before big challenges how to develop constructive ecumenical dialogue with Islam. Muslims and Christians, inspired by common values, are called to work together in the interest of justice, peace and respect of dignity and rights of every man.

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Boko Haram et crise sécuritaire au Nigeria et au Cameroun

Author(s): Richard Filakota / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2016

Islamist extremist group Boko Haram, seeking to impose radical Islam in Nigeria and Cameroon, has brought about a major crisis in the social, political and religious life of these two countries. In fact, the crisis may have already spilled over to other states of the Central Africa Subregion, influenced by Western culture through colonialism, capitalism and modernisation. To the already complex and often unsettling transformations in the economic, social and cultural make-up of African societies, Boko Haram adds a violent attempt to create a kind of a new African identity, which would be radically and decisively Islamic. So far, all opposition to Boko Haram has proved ineffective. Though it has been condemned far and wide, governments have fallen short of any meaningful intervention, especially a military one, to check its progress. It is hard to escape an impression that political and economic solidarity, both on local and international level, is proving itself powerless in the face of the "holy war" waged by Boko Haram, leaving those trapped in the middle of it to fend for themselves.

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La théologie de l’image entre les musulmans et les chrétiens syriaques - melkites, monophysites et nestoriens

Author(s): Izabela Jurasz / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2016

The place of paintings and other works of art in religion have always been a thorny issue in the Christian-Muslim dialogue. The first part of this article presents a general overview of the Muslims' stance on the cult of images. The second part offers a broad array of Christian responses to it, as expressed by the writers of the Christian-Syriac traditions: Melchites, Western Syrians (Monophysites) and Eastern Syrians (Nestorians). Their theology of the image - sadly still little known - solidly based on the core Christian believes, enhanced by certain Judaistic elements, challenged by the anthropomorphic polytheism of the Greeks, and tried in the furnace of the theological discourse during the troubled times of the iconoclastic controversies, is immensely rich and meaningful. They speak in favour of the cult of images, though postulate a measure of caution in their application in the liturgy. Their manner of presenting their arguments betrays a good knowledge of Islam and is geared towards accommodating the potential apprehensions of their Muslim counterparts.

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Kościół i sekta w perspektywie współczesnej religijności

Author(s): Kazimierz Pierzchała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Poland has about 150 registered churches and religious groups. Many experts say there are as much as twice this number that operate as associations or charities; many without any registration at all. Polish return to democracy, freedom and respect for civil rights (including religious freedom) in 1989-1990 has made it possible to legalize new religious groups. Sects employ unethical methods of recruitment. New members are subjected to thought control, manipulation of feelings and emotions and learning prescribed psychological reactions. They are expected to sever their old family and social bonds and submit to the objectives of the sect. They often suffer serious psychological and physical damage and lose their money; sometimes even life. Destructive influence of the sects on private and public life is enormous. They can bring down families and entire social groups. Sects contribute to the spread of diseases, drug addiction and prostitution.

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