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ROZWÓJ I POZYCJA NAUK ŚCISŁYCH W 30-LECIU
The consequences of the 1989 political transformation for science in Poland arepresented on the example of research in the area of high-energy physics.
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The consequences of the 1989 political transformation for science in Poland arepresented on the example of research in the area of high-energy physics.
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This article studies path-breaking economic developments in Poland followingthe start of the systemic transformation in 1989. Three groups of countries are usedfor comparative analysis: those economically most advanced, those less developedbut striving to catch up during the last 30–40 years, and as a subgroup of the latter,the transition economies. The article has three objectives. The fi rst is to show that manyopinions regarding major aspects of the Polish transformation are at variance with plainstatistical facts. The second is to evaluate the pace and the extent of progress so farin the eff ort to narrow the income and wealth gaps between Poland and most developedcountries, particularly the pre-2004 members of the European Union. The third consistsin a discussion of factors which are likely to impede the pace of Poland’s economicdevelopment in the years to come.
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The aim of the text is to analyze the main goals and strategies of cultural politicsin Poland in the period 1989–2019. The most important tendencies observed arethe contradictory actions taken by diff erent political authorities towards centralizationand de-centralization of culture’s management. These opposite tendencies representat least two major ways of looking at the fi eld of culture, which, on the one hand,is perceived as a political tool serving to create a sense of national identity, and onthe other, as an autonomous value which should be separate from all possible politicalinfl uences. The article analyzes the transition from the moment of the fi rst postcommunistre-discovery of artistic freedom to the present day, when right-wingpoliticians strive to replace culture’s management with history-based politics.
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The author presents the internationalization process of the Brentix company.
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The political and the institutional systems of the European Union (EC, the Union) are complicated system organized on many levels – regional, national and European. Many factors affect the organization and the functioning and the EC institutions face continuously in their work challenges and have to solve new arising problems in the current dynamic world. The normal work and the future development of EU as a unique political and economic organization of voluntarily joined European countries depends vastly on the institutional system abilities (capacity) to take on time efficient short-term and perspective decisions. We have tried in the present article to identify and to classify the most important challenges in the current development and the main factors – external (global) and internal, affecting the Union and as well as their complex effects and consequences.
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Over the last few decades, a global revival of the Islamic economy is observed. Islamic economics and finance are not unusual terminology and philosophy at present. Since the last global financial crisis (2007- 2008), a great deal of attention has been paid to this issue by a number of scientists and specialists around the world. There is a striving to identify a new economic paradigm with the pretense of finding a solution to existing economic problems. Predominantly Islamic, but not only, scientists are arguing about the ability of the Islamic economy to turn into the political and economic science of finding the necessary solutions. The purpose of this publication is to point out facts and try to compare the contemporary Islamic economics to the other political economies.
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‘Euro-Türkler’, ‘Avrupalı Türkler’ ya da ‘Avrupa’da Türk varlığı’, günümüz Türkiye’sinde akademik ve kamusal gündemin önemli konu başlıklarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Öyle ki, pek çok sosyolog, antropolog, politik bilimci, eğitimci ve ekonomist Türklerin Avrupa deneyimi üzerine onlarca çalışma kaleme almışlardır. Her bir çalışma, faklı etnik, ideolojik, kültürel ve dinsel topluluklar halinde yaşayan Avrupalı Türklerin kültürel kimliklerini, yaşam biçimlerini, deneyimlerini, düşüncelerini, duygularını, ümitlerini, beklentilerini çeşitli açılardan incelemektedir.
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This report explores and presents systematically a contemporary issue with practical dimensions which had not yet been discussed by the Bulgarian academics. The issue with the corporate governance of a specific subject in the market economy - the state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The focus of this article is on how and at which extent the Guidelines on corporate governance of SOEs, OECD/15/, are applicable in Bulgaria and whether the status quo allows it. The research is based on limited academic data available – publications by the European Commission, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, etc. The paper presents legislative acts and rules for corporate governance of state-owned enterprises. An analysis was conducted on company data – limited annual statements of some Bulgarian SOEs. Guidelines on corporate governance of SOEs, OECD (2015), were used as a framework for the present research.
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The nonlinearity in any rate of current account deficit is an important task of research because of the so-called Regime Switching Models: TAR, SETAR, Markov Switching Model, etc. Usually, the behavior of time series exhibit breaks is associated with structural changes in government policy or financial crises. In the present research it is used as an example the calculated data about the rate of current account deficit to the Bulgarian Tourism National Product. The series are hard to be modelling because of the structural change of the government policy about the Bulgarian Tourism National Product. The basic hypothesis that is tested in the conducted research is that when there is a case of changes in the time series in their structure it is impossible the principles of linearity assumption to be applied. In the traditional econometrics as a science the linearity is an important assumption but there are practical evidences in which most of the time series do not provide this assumption. These cases of such time series behavior are called nonlinearity series. It is important to test the linearity assumption because of the differing between the ways of modelling the series in the case of linearity and nonlinearity using the date of the rate of current account deficit to the Bulgarian Tourism National Product. If any series do not provide the linearity assumption and also have change in the structure then the case can be modelling with TAR, SETAR or Markov Switching Model. We provided the research by questioning whether there is nonlinearity in the rate of proportion of current account deficit to the Bulgarian Tourism National Product and it is experienced with four nonlinearity tests: Kaplan Test, McLeodLi test, BDS Test and Tzay Test.
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The dynamic conditions in international markets pose a number of challenges for startups. New tech companies are searching for their algorithm to build competitive advantages in the context of strong international competition, limited budgets and reaction time. Emphasizing the importance of continuity in the development of ideas, the present publication aims to help overcome key challenges for technology start-ups in Bulgaria by highlighting the opportunities offered by interdisciplinary analysis and international management knowledge.
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The deepening socio-economic imbalances and the negative trends in the development of the EU and our country determine the need to justify a new approach to managing the processes in the complex territorial systems. Of particular importance is the underlying understanding of the objectively existing regionality and the factors contributing to the growth of development imbalances. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a new methodology for analyzing and evaluating the complex organization and structure of socio-economic and cultural-ecological processes and systems, based on the interpretation and measurement of geospatial inequalities.
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The aim of the present report is to illustrate the concept of "unusually favorable offer" under the current Public Procurement Act and to raise the question of how this concept corresponds to the idea of "abnormally low tender", according to the provisions of the European directives. The approach to achieving this aim is a practical oriented analysis of the current European and Bulgarian legislation. The paper draws attention to the different terminology used by the Bulgarian and European legislators. It is emphasized that there is a discrepancy in the very concept of "abnormally low tender".
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The process of spending public funds, its expediency and transparency are of high public interest, both at local and European level. In the context of a modern open society, with a strong civic attitude and a great deal of access to information, the question of how, why and how much public money is spent on obtaining a good is essential for the population. European and local institutions face the challenge of improving the process of good allocation of resources, improving the quality of their goods and achieving an optimally high level of public utility and transparency. Also it’s a challenge for contracting authorities to monitor changes in the legal framework and case law, and they often examine the views and reports of control bodies that bring clarity in law enforcement practice.
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Conducting various assessments is an important element of the implementation of the European Structural and Investment Funds. There are clearly defined goals and responsibilities for the evaluations in each programming and implementation cycle (preliminary, intermediate and subsequent). The implementation of the evaluation process in many countries from Central and South-eastern Europe is a result of the requirements noted in the regulations on the European Structural and Investment Funds. The aim of this paper is to present the role of the theoretical and methodological knowledge in the public financing programs assessment, to review the main methods for conducting an impact assessment as well as to conduct a comparative analysis on these methods.
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In this research paper we will try to present the situation in marketing and in economy in general through research and analyses of the current trends in society in order to assist the companies which nowadays face numerous challenges. We live in an era where people’s lives take place in the social media, on one hand, and on the other hand the companies and brands, which are in focus in this research paper, are facing huge competition pressure. From these reasons, we reckon it is inevitable to use contemporary, marketing methods, i.e. one to have thorough data on the product and the brand as the most important elements through which one makes the marketing strategy. Taking into consideration the fact that products and brands do not exist in isolation, but in an environment with various types of influence, it is clear that they have to adapt to the environment itself, and in today’s terms that certainly means development of an online component. An online component might be developed through numerous marketing and other tools, from which we believe the most important ones are the social media regarding their social significance. In this research paper they will be analyzed in order to emphasise the possibilities they offer and the risks they entail, and the very fact that they can turn into a key for success as long as they are given strategic importance and use.
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Applying financial corrections is the most widespread way to sanction violations related to improper spending of EU funds. European and local institutions, including the European Commission, European Court of Auditors and the control authorities of the Member States are the ones who should ensure the legality and regularity of operations, financed from the EU budget. Any irregular or not due cost should be penalized and bound with corrective actions to protect the budget and to comply with the legal framework.
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The European Union (EU) is created during continuous process of widening and deepening of intergovernmental cooperation and integration of European countries. The transition from one to another form of economic integration (customs union, internal market, economic and monetary union) is accompanied by the creation of particular areas of widened and deepened integration in the form of distinct unions within the EU (Financial Union, Energy Union, etc.). The creation of particular areas of widened and deepened integration in the form of distinct unions within the EU becomes a specific element of the methods applied in the EU integration.
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The appropriate organizational design (plan) is an important factor in achieving optimum use of the resources of the organization, and to achieve the objectives. Organizational design involves dividing the working activities of the organization in certain areas and connecting and coordinating these areas forming a unified whole. The manner in which this is done will affect the nature of the Manager, as the responsibility he or she has a number of people to match the number of management levels within the organization and so on. In return, depending on whether the structure of the organization helps or hinders managers is an impact on the success of the organization. Also, this will affect the wider society, whether the organization is private or public sector or not, or profitable or unprofitable. This paper will process issues that influence and form the structure of the organization and will consider configurations that organizations have traditionally adopted. Will indicate how organizations in their needs to get the best "alignment" between their structure and environment in which operate, how to adopt new approaches to the structure and will also discuss the forms that they receive.
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At the end of July 2015, a draft of new Accountancy Law was submitted to the National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. The bill should be adopted and enforced as from 01.01.2016. The bill is aimed at introducing the provisions of Directive 2013/34/ЕС of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26.06.2013 on the annual financial statements, consolidated financial statements and related reports of certain types of undertakings in the national accountancy legislation. This report highlights the provisions of the draft of new Accountancy Law that transpose the European accountancy rules in the country. The report further studies the methodology for financial analysis of undertakings in the context of the new accountancy rules of Directive 2013/34/ЕС. The objective is to develop theoretically justified, clear and applicable methodology for financial analysis based on the information contained in the undertakings’ financial statements.
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