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ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРИ ПОДДЪРЖАНЕТО НА СЕРВИТУТНИТЕ ЗОНИ НА ПЪТНАТА ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Stoyan STOYANOV / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report emphasizes the unsatisfactory state of roadside easement zones in Bulgaria. A system of measures is proposed to overcome the lag in this direction. The measures cover a wide range of activities related to the management and maintenance of easement areas, namely: 1. Improvement of financing, through changes in the budgets of the responsible public entities; 2. Improvement of the organization by developing a standard and audit of the easement areas; 3. Improvement of control, through its parallel construction in all responsible structures.

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ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ОСИГУРЯВАНЕТО НА ЖИЛИЩА НА НАСЕЛЕНИЕТО В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Rumen KALCHEV / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The degree of provision of housing is under the influence of the ongoing construction of new residential buildings and of housing in the country. The aim of the author in this report is to reveal the trends in the housing provision of the Bulgarian population and in the construction of new homes, and on this basis to try to predict the strength of these processes in the near future. The first part of the report examines the housing provision of the population of Bulgaria, and the second part – the new housing construction. The author's predictions are presented in the conclusion.

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АНАЛИЗ НА ФОРМИРАНЕТО НА АНЮИТЕТНИТЕ ВНОСКИ ПРИ ИПОТЕЧНИТЕ КРЕДИТИ

Author(s): Rosen Nikolaev,Tanka Milkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The various problems related to financial calculations are of great importance for the economic stability of all economic operators. One key element in this regard relates to determining the amount of repayments when withdrawing a loan. Borrowing (credit) is one of the most popular financial transactions and is undoubtedly present in the lives of most people in modern society. The most commonly used loans are consumer and mortgage. The report looks at long-term mortgage loans and ways of charging interest, not taking into account different fees set by banks. An analysis of the positive and negative parties was carried out when calculating the constant installment (annuity) for repayment of a long-term loan.

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КОМПЛЕКСЕН ПОДХОД ЗА АНАЛИЗ НА ПЛАТЕЖОСПОСОБНОСТТА НА СТРОИТЕЛНИТЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

Author(s): Bozhidar CHAPAROV / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article is an attempt to clarify the essence and range of the concept of solvency. The essence and scope of concepts such as financial sustainability, liquidity and leverage have been studied and clarified. Various options for solvency analysis are also presented - based on the ratios, coefficients and complex models for analyzing the risk of insolvency. The author has made an attempt to propose a complex model for the analysis of the solvency of construction companies, which combines the advantages of each one of the specified methods of analysis.

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КУЛТУРНИ МАРШРУТИ И НЕДВИЖИМОТО КУЛТУРНО НАСЛЕДСТВО НА ВАРНА

Author(s): Milena Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Varna is a city with a significant number of sites of immovable cultural heritage. This is what makes the city feel authentic and is what preconditions its further development as a tourist destination. The aim of the autor is to present some of the possibilities for creating cultural routes based on the immovable cultural heritage of Varna and the region.

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ДИНАМИКА И СТРУКТУРА НА ОСНОВНИ ИКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЗА СЕКТОР „СТРОИТЕЛСТВО“ В БЪГАРИЯ ЗА ПЕРИОДА 2000-2019 ГОДИНА

Author(s): Silvia Gospodinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report examines the trends in the development of key economic indicators characterizing the construction sector in Bulgaria for the period 2000-2019. These are mainly the indicators gross value added, investments in fixed assets, foreign direct investment, employees, labor productivity. Through these indicators the place and role of construction in the Bulgarian economy and its contribution to the economic development of the country can be established.

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ПРИЛОЖИМОСТ НА БЛОКЧЕЙН ТЕХНОЛОГИЯТА ЗА ДИГИТАЛНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ НА СТРОИТЕЛСТВОТО

Author(s): Miglena Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Blockchain technology is attracting more and more attention due to its remarkable flexibility. It offers significant possibilities for use in construction. The sector is going through a digital transformation and updating its business practices, which are based on collaboration and information management, transparency in the exchange of data and contracts, and trust between participants in construction projects. Blockchain technology has the potential to significantly facilitate ongoing change. As an appropriate system for managing trust issues, it can ensure transparent, reliable and distributed information sharing as well as support effective contract performance in construction.

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ИКОНОМИЧЕСКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТ НА ЛИЗИНГА В СТРОИТЕЛНОТО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕ

Author(s): Velina Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In today's dynamic market conditions, construction companies are forced to look for different tools to modernize and increase their competitiveness. One such tool is leasing, which is widely used in many European countries. This article addresses the issue of the economic efficiency of leasing. The author tries to consider the methods of leasing valuation, presents the advantages of leasing over bank lending. The factors influencing the economic efficiency of leasing are indicated too.

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ВЪЗМОЖНОСТИ ЗА ОЦЕНКА НА ЖИЛИЩНИТЕ УСЛОВИЯ В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Yana Stoencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this report is to select and analyze a system of appropriate indicators characterizing the housing conditions of the population, which would make it possible to optimize management decisions in the field of housing and social policy carried out by central and local management in the interest of sustainable development of the territory. The focus of the analysis is placed on objective indicators establishing average quantitative characteristics in a territorial aspect such as: the number of dwellings, the useful living area per person of the population, the average useful area of a dwelling and etc.

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ПРОСТРАНСТВЕНИ ДАННИ ЗА ЕФЕКТИВНО ПЛАНИРАНЕ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА ТЕРИТОРИЯТА

Author(s): Yanitsa Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In recent years, the rapid pace of urbanization has led to the use of spaces below and above the earth's surface more and more often. This makes issues related to property rights, restrictions and responsibilities on properties with different functional purposes extremely important. On the other hand, the development of modern methods and technologies for spatial data acquisition provides ever greater opportunities for a detailed presentation of our surrounding environment and the performance of effective analysis. The possibilities for the realization of 3D cadastre are growing. Like traditional surveying methods, laser scanning, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles to create 3D models, the use of 3D cameras are becoming increasingly used in practice and are very effective. The amount of spatial information collected through the listed methods is much larger. This, in turn, necessitates their implementation in a spatial database and the development of methods and operations for their processing and analysis. The development of smart cities that use different methods and sensors to collect spatial information supports a number of administrative activities, effective territory management, development of sustainable policies for spatial planning and risk assessment.

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НЕОБХОДИМОСТ ОТ ОДИТИРАНЕ НА НАЦИОНАЛНАТА ЖИЛИЩНА СТРАТЕГИЯ В КОНТЕКСТА НА ПОВИШАВАНЕТО НА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТТА НА СОЦИАЛНАТА ЖИЛИЩНА ПОЛИТИКА

Author(s): Kristian Valchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Each country's housing strategy outlines the vision, goals and priorities in this area. The national housing strategy of the Republic of Bulgaria needs to be revised and updated in order to increase its effectiveness. One of the expedient ways to increase the efficiency in the world practice is by performing a social audit.

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ФАКТОРИ ВЛИЯЕЩИ ВЪРХУ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННАТА ПОЛИТИКА НА КУРОРТИТЕ ПО БЪЛГАРСКОТО ЧЕРНОМОРИЕ

Author(s): Stefan Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Factors influencing the investment policy of resorts on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast are multiple. Some crucial factors are the rule of law, the amount of capital, the aids, and subventions of the state, the taxation, the infrastructure available, the planning of destinations, the workforce as qualification, skills, and knowledge, the whole culture of the service provided, the popularization of the country as an attractive touristic destination, and, maybe the most important factor, it is the urbanization potential of the resorts themselves. However, the actual situation of the sector reveals not all of these factors are well considered and exploited both by the government and by the business. The following report aims to give some recommendations on how to improve the current state of the investment policy of resorts on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.

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Човешкият капитал – важен фактор за изграждане на мултифункцйонални и устойчиви селски райони в Полша

Author(s): Agnieszka Wrzochalska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Тhe category of human capital is one of the most important categories in modern economic theory. The concept of human capital is defined as a set of knowledge, skills, health, strength and life energy contained in the human being. The purpose of this part of the publication is an attempt to analyze selected determinants for the formation of human capital and areas of activity that improve the quality of human capital in rural areas in Poland over the past fifteen years. The analysis covers the level of education, educational activity and civilizational competencies of the rural population, and selected issues related to the protection of public health.

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Improving Human Capital, an Opportunity Towards Sustainable Development – a Case Study

Author(s): Irena Boboli,Drita Luzo / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The role of local communities is basic in the sustainable development of protected areas, as these communities have the knowledgeand opportunity to have a key role in the management and promo tion of these areas. The concept of sustainability is based on the premise that locals are the main actors of development, not only as the main beneficiaries, but also as part of the tourist experience. The spaces of these areas apart from the fact that they serve environmental purposes, can also serve the local communities by highlighting the natural beauties of an area and turning it into a tourist destina tion. This will result in the economic development of the area, keep ing the population in the area and managing the protected areas correctly and sustainably. This work includes the protected area The National Park Fir of Hotova – Dangëlli that is considered as the „Natural Lung“ of Southern Albania. The Fir of Hotova – Dangëlli, is a source of tourist value where its offer includes not only natural but also cultural heritage, which can be considered as potential develop ment for this area. Many villages in this area are well known for their culture, tradition, culinary etc. One of these villages is Pagri. Even though it offers an unrepeated board landscape, this natural park which can be visited every season of the year remains a hidden charm for visitors and tourists. All these resources and values are almost un known, due to the lack of experience and organization of the locals, the lack of communication does not help it to be frequented. The purpose of this study is to improve human capacity in the village of Pagri and it is intended to create a more integrated tourist product, in function of sus tainable rural development of this area.

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The Leader Approach – an Instrument for Integrated Development of Rural Communities in Albania

Author(s): Etleva Muça (Dashi),Evelina Azizaj,Lorena Totoni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

LEADER approach is considered as one of the most successful and innovative programs supporting rural areas in the European Union from 1991. The overall goal of this instrument is to enhance the capacity and competitiveness of local actors toward the integrated development. But in Albania this initiative remains in the first steps caused from different gaps institutional and legal ones. Actually, in Albania we are facing with a lot of problems and challenges like: the new role if inhabitants in the rural areas, new role of the government, natural resources efficiency, cultural gaps etc. All these discrepancies need the engagement of all stakeholders(public and non-public) through the encouragement of the bottom up approach to adopt development policies in the long run. The important role of local, public, and non-public leadership, civil society organizations and local associations as well as of the organization networks regarding the animation of local actors and territories and strengthening local democracies will become more evident. This paper seeks to provide an overview of the dynamics and progress of the introduction and implementation of the LEADER approach as an instrument of rural development in Albania from the beginning to nowadays. So, this paper is focused on reviewing sev eral scientific articles, conference papers and case studies on the LEADER approach evolution in Albania through the systematic re view method. The improvement of the local decision making from public and non-public stakeholders will create the possibility for rural communities to be determinants of their development in the long term.

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Определяне на ключовите категории по отношение на отделянето и поглъщането на емисиите от парникови газове в България

Author(s): Tsvetana Harizanova-Metodieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the study is to determine the key categories in the economy in terms of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in Bulgaria. Eurostat data for 2010 and 2019 were analyzed and a methodology for determining the key categories regarding greenhouse gas emissions (2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories) was applied. The analysis includes both categories – sources of emissions and categories that absorb more greenhouse gases than they emit (forests, pastures, land). The key categories in practice are those categories that should be given special attention due to their determining role in the emission or absorption of harmful emissions into the environment.Calculated by Approach 1 according to the cited methodology(2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Green house Gas Inventories), in 2010 Bulgaria emitted 52221 thousand tonnes of greenhouse gases in carbon dioxide equivalent, and in 2019 55499 thousand tonnes of greenhouse gases in carbon dioxide equivalent, or there is an increase of 6,3% in emissions. In 2019, the category related to fuel combustion in public electricity and heat production accounted for the largest share of the absolute value of greenhouse gas emissions (27,2%) in the country. In second place is the category of burned biomass with 10,3%. In third place is the category of unconverted forest land with 8,6%, which absorbs more greenhouse gases than it emits. In fourth place is the combustion of fuel by cars with 7,5%. The enteric fermentation of cattle is ranked 16th as a source of the greenhouse gas methane; in the 37th place is the enteric fermentation of sheep.

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Value Creation for Venture Capital-Backed Firms by Avoiding The Likelihood of Moral Hazards

Author(s): Vandana Panwar,Christopher Erickson,Alan Tupicoff / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In India, venture capital financing is a significant and growing form of financial intermediation. Under SEBI regulations, venture capital firms are categorized as “alternative investment fund” (AIF) defined as an AIF that invest primarily in unlisted securities of start-ups and early-stage venture capital undertakings (Venture Capital in India, 2021). Between 2012 and 2020, VC funding increased at annual rate of 15.7% from $3.1 billion to $10.0 billion. VC funding then jumped in one year from $10.0 billion to $38.4 billion in 2021 (Bain & Company, 2022). Venture capital firms (VC firms) engage in value creation by providing privately held “tech” firms with equity, debt, or hybrid forms of financing, typically also providing managerial expertise and advice. In the process of value creation, VC firms play a disproportionate rule in economic growth by promoting the commercialization ofnew technologies.

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Applying Behavioural Economics to Bring In Social Transformation: Rural Shoring for Stakeholder Wellbeing

Author(s): Vikramaditya Kanodia,Rima Ghose Chowdhury / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Corporates have won wars with human behavioural dimensions and their interplay as starting points. Using behavioural economics has helped corporates advance business causes and create win-win situations. This chapter aims to highlight the motivating factors of social research such as stimulation of respondents, sense of participation, growth of knowledge, the quest for progress, and curiosity to understand the cause and effect relationship of various social phenomena. The research aims at finding: How a behaviour change impacted society? How a societal outlook change furthered a business cause? This chapter also attempts to provide a strong case for corporates to explore behavioural economics to further their businesses ethically and inclusively. The premise brings unique value to end consumers in a perceived upliftment of socioeconomic worth.

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Pandemia COVID-19 jako test japońskiej polityki przyciągania migrantów ekonomicznych

Author(s): Marcin Socha / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the chapter is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the problem of labor shortage in Japan, in particular on the effectiveness of the government’s strategy of attracting and integrating foreign labor. The text is part of the research on the effectiveness of political institutions and legal solutions in crisis situations. An analysis of the content of media articles and statements by Japanese politicians indicates an increase in anti-immigration sentiment among the Japanese society of representatives of decision-making circles. The pandemic undermined the assumptions of the short-term migration policy and showed the weakness of the new migration system, the assumptions of which do not meet the needs of migrants in a crisis situation.

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Monitoring i ewaluacja procesów rewitalizacji miast

Author(s): Ewa M. Boryczka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Cities, however, are in a constant state of flux and today - in a period of intense, dynamic geopolitical and socio-economic change - face many problems. Local authorities, reborn during the period of political transformation, found themselves in a situation in which it was in the interest of the inhabitants to take comprehensive measures for city development, urban regeneration. Urban regeneration is an integrated process, combining spatial, environmental and technical measures with programmes for the economic and social revitalisation of degraded urban spaces. Local authorities have a wide range of instruments at their disposal for urban regeneration policy and can actively shape the urban regeneration process. However, a system of monitoring and evaluation is particularly important for the planning and coordination of urban regeneration activities. Monitoring and evaluation are key instruments in the management of r urban regeneration processes. The aim of the chapter is to present monitoring and evaluation as one of the key instruments at the disposal of local government units for planning and stimulating r urban regeneration processes in Polish cities. The chapter presents both the principles and criteria for building monitoring and evaluation systems in urban regeneration programmes, together with their practical application.

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