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PRIMJENA ELIPSE U OCJENAMA HOTELA KAO PARAMETRA AUTENTIČNOSTI

Author(s): Nejla Kalajdžisalihović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2017

This paper addresses the importance of the role of the reader when critically assessing online hotel reviews written in English. The reviews, written in an informative style, comprise countable constituents (parts of speech) tagged as parameters in numerous research papers for authenticity grading. However, in papers published until the present, the bulky corpora of hotel reviews online, cross-referenced with reviews corpora written by volunteers, have been presented and analysed on the basis of the presence of linguistic content for which various opposing research results have been presented by means of stylometry. In this paper, we present conclusions based on a micro-corpus of 160 authentic positive and negative online hotel reviews online abundant in ellipsis and analyzed by means of Review Sceptic. According to this analysis, both positive and negative reviews are marked as authentic. Therefore, it is proposed in this paper that ellipsis may also be considered a parameter of authenticity which the linguistic content tools cannot fully retrieve.

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Not only foulmouthed words: suggested methods for slang translation

Author(s): Maciej Niemiec / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2017

Slang is an informal variation of language and is usually limited to a specific group of people. The instability and evanescence of slang reflects the characterof the groups that use it, especially those groups whose composition undergoes rapid changes, as in the case of school youth. As a consequence, some expressions gain new meanings, adequate to current trends, while others are forgotten. Moreover, slang is more than just words: it can be used by people as a particularly sensitive tool to express their feelings or ideas. It is closely related to the more or less conscious construction of group identity in opposition to mainstream culture; being a manifestation of difference, it also creates a sense of belonging. Due to the complexity of the language layer and its cultural background, slang can pose problems when translating it from the source language to the target language in such a way that it retains its original meaning. In my article, I proposed methods of translating slang based on cognitive approach and presented them with the use of examples. These examples are various slang terms that have appeared in selected publications - these expressions were analyzed from a translational point of view and in terms of their actual meaning.

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Refik Halit Karay’ın Coğrafya Betimlemelerinde Anlatım Teknikleri

Author(s): Kubilay Ünsal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 6/2018

Successful depiction of the place in literal works related to the narrative that develops around the event allows the narrative to be close to reality and easily accepted by the reader. The author may refer to different narrative techniques while determining the functionality of narrative representations according to their own constructions. The choice of narrative techniques and the success in practicing these techniques add strength to the narrative. Refik Halit Karay is a well-known writer with the power of observing and describing real places. In Karay's incident-centered narrative the heroes are constantly in motion and travel to different geographies. The author refers to many different narrative techniques in the descriptions of geographical locations. Refik Halit Karay description, presentation, wave motion, zooming, mental description, moving perspective, dramatized description, assembly, backtrack, dialogue, inner talk, flow of consciousness, interpersonal transfer, and the geographical places he has constructed with narrative techniques such as description, etc. It is seen that he always preferred the geographical places that are constructed by paying attention to the harmony with the events and persons, which is in accordance with the characteristic feature of geography instead of being connected to the same strategy. By strengthening the connection between the geographical places he uses in his works and the reader, Karay helps readers easily adopt the reality of the world of fiction.

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Syllepse et antanaclase : procédés rhétoriques dans le slogan publicitaire

Author(s): Silvia Boncescu / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

This study concentratres upon the lexical strategies that include figures and rhetorical devices like metaphor or metonymy and their functioning in advertising messages. The identified figures of rhetoric are used to support and increase advertising effectiveness and are responsible for creativity in advertising.

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« Qui » prépositionnel et « y » : mode de donation référentielle en français classique et en français moderne

Author(s): Ben Arbia Achraf / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

In this work, addressing, from a semantic point of view, these two types of anaphoric markers is not irrelevant. Indeed, who prepositional and the pronoun adverbial present certain divergences in their functioning referential in classical French as opposed to modern French. These two pronouns, in their anaphoric sense, enjoy a great freedom related to their ability to reclaim interchangeably from [human] or [non-human] backgrounds. This freedom, dating from the ancient language, is in force throughout the seventeenth century. Which prepositional refers throughout the century to [non-human], y anaphorise a antecedent having the semantic trait [human]. In modern French, these two pronouns are categorized as referring to the [human]. However, the deviation of the standard persists and we encounter cases reminiscent of the old language. Based on these different findings, we will try in this contribution to study the referential functioning of pronouns that prepositional and y and to demonstrate that the indetermination that governs their semantic functioning is source Referential ambiguity, essentially in the case of competition between several antecedents present for the same term of recovery.

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Du cadrage temporel à l’effet cognitif : Cas des deux connecteurs « aujourd’hui » et « enfin »

Author(s): Amir MEHDI / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

We have conducted this research with students enrolled in the ILTC2 in order to verify the impact of the use of two temporal connectors "finally and today" on the understanding of sentence segments according to their positioning in FFL. The results show that the two connectors "today and finally", when they are placed at the beginning of the sentence, help the participants to make new inferences about the information that is absent from the textual content and to reactivate the information stored in the text this same content.

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La valeur d’applicabilité d’une théorie linguistique. L’exemple des temps, des modes et des aspects du système verbal français

Author(s): Ghersa Assia,Ammouden M’hand / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

The contribution of linguistics to the teaching of French as a foreign language is one of the remedial solutions to overcome the inadequacies of grammar in French as a foreign language. The example of the times, modes and aspects of the French verbal system has been the subject of this article which exploits these different difficulties of grammar. This will rely on certain linguistic theories, via the value of applicability of Marie Eve Damar (2009), to bring remedies to the problems posed by this fact of language. We proceed initially to identify the different inconsistencies of three grammars, then we analyze three linguistic theories that relate to the verbal system. This tool will allow us to use one of the theories or criteria to identify remedial approaches to the didacticalization of the verb in FLE classroom.

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Verbal Irony in Informal Speech

Author(s): Silvana Neshkovska / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2018

Verbal irony is a constant companion to informal speech. People in their dailyconversations resort to using ironic utterances quite too frequently for the purposes of invokinghumor, criticism, ridicule and sometimes even harsh sarcasm. Ironic utterances appear in manydifferent forms ranging from explicit to implicit irony; from truth-telling to counterfactual irony(ironic complements and ironic criticism); from ironic rhetorical questions to ironic offers, orders,promises, gratitude and apologies.The study at hand puts TV talk shows in its focus as they clearly resemble people’s everydayinformal conversations in so many respects. Bearing in mind that the primary aim of talk shows is toinform and entertain viewers, both hosts and guests, in a quite relaxed atmosphere, engage ininformal speech filled with a light conversational tone and a lot of laughter most of the time.The aim of this study is to look deeper into the various ways in which verbal irony isactually materialized in informal speech and to determine the frequency with which various types ofironic utterances are employed by the ironists and their interlocutors. The study is conducted in twocompletely distinct and unrelated languages, Macedonian and English, the aim being to ascertainsimilar or dissimilar tendencies in both languages in that respect.

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La valeur d’applicabilité de quelques theories linguistiques, l’exemple de l’accord du verbe

Author(s): Hamache Maha,Sadi Nabil / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

When the mastery of the uses of the verb agreement poses a problem, inparticular, to the learners, (sometimes even to teachers in the teaching process), the tendency toevaluate and to want to renovate the grammar governing its rules of application is if relevant.Therefore, the use of linguistic explanations makes it possible to consider these difficulties fromanother angle. For a didactic purpose, this article is the revelation of the inconsistencies andinadequacies of the grammatical content related to the said language point in order to highlight thepossibilities of beneficial contribution of the linguistic contents to the speeches to traditionalgrammar related to it.By means of a new principle of analysis The value of applicability, it will be for us, as a firststep, to establish the applicability value of three linguistic theories dealing with the agreement of theverb. But before, we will review the speeches that propose three grammars about this fact of languageknown for its difficulties of application and learning in French as a foreign language. From this newapproach will result a renewed conception of grammar as well as more adequate remediation tools

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Persian Spatial Prepositions: A Novel Logical Syntactical Approach to the Spatial Prepositions

Author(s): Singh Rajdeep / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2018

The goal of this paper is to analyze the syntax of spatial preposition in Persian language. This account is pretty novel as it analyzes the Persian prepositional phrases in a unified way, which does not restrict itself to some simple spatial prepositions. Rather, the approach taken accounts for both simple and complex spatial prepositions. Furthermore, there is a clear difference in spatial prepositions between Persian and other languages, like Spanish and English. In this study, some of the nuanced differences between Persian and Spanish, when it comes to spatial prepositions, are offered. Moreover, it goes further than this, by analyzing wh-questions responses in the form of spatial prepositions and shows the ungrammaticality of some of the answers by adhering to the principles stated in this novel approach. In this work, some important features of Persian spatial prepositions are further detailed which shows the rich internal structure of Persian spatial preposition and its flexibility of movement/orientation aspect.

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Pour une formation pédagogique des enseignants universitaires algériens

Author(s): Bouhidel Abdel-Kader / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

Teaching is certainly a vocation, an art, and a gift. The well-experienceduniversity teacher who does master certain pedagogical qualities owe that to the long working hours,training and acquired experiences. In fact, he has developed naturalized skills in analysis aptitudes,understanding, and acting, and progressively became rich and automated skills. These aptitudes canbe deceiving on the ground that becoming a ‘good teacher-pedagogue’ is not acquired throughprofessional immersion, or the mastery of a given discipline – thinking that one can teach itefficiently. Nevertheless, it would – further- be mistaking to think that all teachers possess an “innategift” to miraculously transmit knowledge from their brains to the learners’. We believe that there isneed for thinking, hard labor, and more importantly a university pedagogical training to acquireteaching-know-how

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La langue francaise dans les disciplines non linguistiques: facteur de réussite ou de d’inhibition ?

Author(s): Tarnaoui Moulay Mohamed / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

The French language, the first living language in a school system in great difficulty, has gone from the status of a "second language" to a "foreign language"; it is for this reason that it is laborious to determine the real status of this language in Morocco. The sociolinguistic difficulty of the field raises the question of the parameters that must prevail in the management of the didactic field of French. In this contribution, we would like to know the place of the French language in Non Linguistic Disciplines (henceforth DNL). First of all, it is about the language of instruction, namely French, which promotes academic, academic and professional success and the social rise of the learner; in a second time, this language is apprehended as socioprofessional inhibition for those who do not master it.

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Ekspresivna sintaksa u književnoumjetničkom tekstu

Author(s): Bernisa Puriš / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2011

This paper deals with analysis of stylemec aspect (structural/formal extraordinariness) and with the interpretation of stylogenic quality of sentential constructions created in the literary work of “Grozdanin kikot” by Hamza Humo. We investigated both aspects of the analysis of the sentence (stylemec and stylogenic) as dependent mutually and as integral parts of extraordinary sentential structure respectively that is potentially predetermined for passing of intensified expressiveness, especially stylistic effect.

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Poetičke i stilske odlike novelističkih pripovijetki u zbirci Hamdije Mulića

Author(s): Amira Dervišević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2011

Formulaity as the basement for transfer of the oral prose tradition can be discovered in novelettes, as well. One can recognize the talent of a story-teller in examples of formula in individual performances. As a model, one can make use of novelettes from the manuscript collection of oral-literature kinds of a teacher, etnographer and writer for children, Hamdija Mulić, which were developed during his teaching period in Hrasnica at the beginning of 20th century.

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Adapting English Loanwords to Romanian Medical Terminology

Author(s): Iulia Cristina Frînculescu,Oana Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

This research brings to light examples of lexical borrowings from medical English used in Romanian with the original English spelling and pronunciation. These borrowings are therefore difficult to understand for both medical practitioners and patients. By providing different textual contexts in which these loanwords appear in Romanian medical language, we will try to find appropriate Romanian equivalents for the terms in question, adapted to our language.

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Émile Benveniste's imprint on linguistics and communication

Author(s): Ștefan Vlăduțescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

This study is an analysis of main contributions of Émile Benveniste in the field of linguistic ontology (on the terminology and concepts) and the philosophy of language, as well as the clarification of the message/discourse with regard to the specificity of human messages as variable messages.

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The Non-Prototypical Recipe Riso alla cacciatora by Pellegrino Artusi: a Case Study in Genre & Type-Sensitive Intralingual Natural Translation

Author(s): Marco Mazzoleni / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

In this paper I will analyse the recipe # 43. Riso alla cacciatora by Pellegrino Artusi from a text-typological perspective, showing that it has the main surface features of narrative style. Nonetheless Artusi’s text is normally interpreted (i.e., intra-linguistically translated, in Jakobson’s terms) as a recipe. However, it is a far well-known fact that there is no necessary one-to-one correspondence between the surface features of a text on the one hand and its function on the other. So from the genre perspective Artusi’s text is to be considered a non-prototypical recipe at the interpersonal level (in Halliday’s functional terms), whereas from the typological perspective it is to be considered an instance of narrative style at the ideational and textual levels.

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An Overview of the Judicial Discourse from a Linguistic Perspective

Author(s): Hanna Savchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

The main features of the judicial discourse are thoroughly studied in the article. The key trends of the term “judicial discourse” are analyzed in linguistics. The interaction of communicants is characterized in court and strategies of language behavior of lawyers are traced in the judicial discourse. The cooperation of trial participants is described as a complex process of exchange of views, in which a special place among all speech acts belongs to a directive. The basic constituents of the judicial discourse are distinguished. The characteristic linguistic features of the judicial speech are defined and described.

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The Phraseosemantic Group of “Family Relations” in the System of Proverbs and Sayings with “Food” Component in Languages with Different Structures

Author(s): Fanuza Kharisovna Tarasova,Aleksandr Mikhailovich Tarasov / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

This paper presents an analysis of paroemias with the “food” component in the Tatar and Russian languages. The subject of the study is the functional-pragmatic originality of paroemias with the “food” component in Tatar and Russian linguocultures. The paper proposes a typology of phraseosemantic groups, the most significant of which are familyrelations. In this group, the food code enters the sphere of imagery and is focused on the characterization of lexemes with the semantics of kinship – family. Paroemias with the “food” component in the compared languages show similarities at the level of semantics, while imagery, which is inherent in languages with different structures, remains unique and reflects the specifics of the worldview of the people.

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PLACEMENT OF ADVERBS IN MEDIAL POSITION IN RELATION TO THEIR DISTINCT CLASSES

Author(s): Ioan Beniamin Pop / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Even though many languages, such as Romanian, appear to exhibit a rather free word order, or at least not very rigidly confined syntactically due to the fact that meaning is straightforwardly achieved by means of employing specialized inflectional morphemes, the Modern English of today is rather strict, even rigid for that matter in terms of word order as it is an analytic language. This in turn entails that the syntactic relationships and constrains among words are mostly disclosed by means of the position they occupy within the sentence. The paper analyses one of the positions the adverbs may assume in a declarative sentence, namely medial position, and correlates it to the various classes of adverbs to which they are ascribed.

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