We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Download

Feminatywy w stanowiskach Rady Języka Polskiego. Język a ewolucja normy społecznej

Author(s): Agnieszka Latos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The paper attempts to reflect on the evolution of the social norm and on linguistic and codification-related changes with regard to feminine personal nouns. The main aim is to posit and reflect on the problem of feminine forms in contemporary Polish on the basis of a critical comparison of opinions on their creation and use formulated by the Polish Language Council, a body issuing opinions and giving advice on the use of the Polish language. The significant differences in positions taken by scientists over the course of just a few years suggest that the issue of feminine forms was and continues to be to a large extent an element of the sociopolitical debate with an ideological, social and emotional tinge, rather than an issue resulting from the actual limitations of the language system.

More...

Download

Melioration in South Slavic. The case of Slavic *gyzd-

Author(s): Marc L. Greenberg / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2020

The article discusses the origin and development of the Proto-Slavic word *gyzd-ъ/-a and its derivatives in the Slavic daughter languages with particular attention to the formal and semantic developments that help to explain why the word went from a negative meaning (‘mud, excrement’, ‘something disgusting’) in Northern Slavic (West and East) to a positive meaning (‘adornment, embellishment’, ‘showiness, suavity’) in South Slavic.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Przyimek i jego użycie w pracach pisemnych osób dyslektycznych

Author(s): Ewa Boksa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

The research presented in this paper is aimed to answer the question whether dyslexic people who had been diagnosed with delayed speech development before they started school use prepositions correctly in statements and how their ability to use prepositional phrases affects their formation of sentence structures. The material underlying the research on the syntactic functions of prepositions and prepositional phrases has been extracted from reports on speech development for six-year-old children and stories created by the same people many years later, when they were eighth-year students. Analyses of dyslexic students’ essays have confirmed that one of the key indicators of developmental dyslexia, which is helpful in diagnosis, could be the preposition acquisition time as well as understanding and using this part of speech in utterances and statements.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Nazwy czarnoskórych mieszkańców Afryki we współczesnych przekładach Nowego Testamentu na tle przemian kulturowych

Author(s): Rafał Zarębski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

The contemporary translation strategies concerning equivalents of names from the field in translations of the New Testament actualise the conclusions drawn by researchers, who confront the nominations that are in use in the Polish language with their perceptions by those in question, that is black people. A response to a certain depreciation of the semantics of the lexemes Murzyn, Czarny (when used as nouns) is the selection of a safer strategy, which consists in transferring the adapted form from the source text (Etiop, Etiopczyk, Królowa etiopska, Niger).

More...

4.90 €

Preview

A Simplified Grammar of the Polish Language Williama Morfilla – o pierwszej angielskojęzycznej gramatyce języka polskiego

Author(s): Irmina Kotlarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

William Richard Morfill, A Simplified Grammar of the Polish Language (Uproszczona gramatyka języka polskiego), Nicholas Trübner, London, 1884. Review by Irmina Kotlarska.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Poświątecznie o dudkach, dudach, gajdach i cymbałach

Author(s): S. D. / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

W słownikach polszczyzny wyraz dudka jest defi niowany jako ‘stary (najstarszy) instrument ludowy; piszczałka, fujarka’ i takie znaczenie nasuwa się w pierwszej kolejności w odniesieniu do zacytowanego fragmentu pastorałki.

More...

Download

Slovotvorná adaptace nových francouzských přejímek v češtině

Author(s): Karolína Táborská / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2020

The main aim of the paper is to assess word-formation adaptation of new French borrowings in the vocabulary of current Czech and introduce French as an interesting source of enriching the Czech lexicon. In terms of adaptation-integrating processes there is a tendency towards adjusting the new lexical unit to the system of the targeted language. Word-formation adaptation is one of the processes that new Gallicisms undergo after adoption to the Czech. Unlike nouns remain often indeclinable, in case of verbs is addition of word creating formant a necessary part of their further functioning in the system of the targeted language.

More...

Download

Polish-English Code-Switching in the Language of Polish Facebook Users

Author(s): Daria Pańka / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2021

Social networking services, such as Facebook, are important channels of communication both for monolingual users and for those having various degrees of proficiency in L2, with the latter deploying expression both from L1 and L2. It can, therefore, be presumed that communication on FB plays a role in practicing the use of L2. One of the phenomena that can be examined in relation to that are various forms of code-switching. There is an immense research gap related to Polish-English code-switching appearing on this SNS. To obtain a full picture of the issue, the paper identifies and discusses types, strategies, and functions of Polish-English code-switches found in posts and comments published by Poles on Facebook in 2014–2019. It also indicates possible applications of FB tools and materials including CS in foreign language teaching and learning and shows how Facebook enables “social learning” (Mallia, 2013). The research is based on a corpus constructed by the author of this article. An integrated approach with both qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis is used in the paper. Three main CS types (intrasentential, intersentential, and tag-switching) and strategies (alternation, insertion, and congruent lexicalisation) have been attested in the material. The code-switches mostly indicate in-group membership but also, for example, introduce humor, quotes, and signal a lack of L1 equivalents. The study points out that there are certain relations between the types, strategies and functions. The results of the research are collated with the recent studies on Polish-English and Indonesian-English CS on Facebook.

More...

Download

The Concept of the Illegitimate Child in the Naive Picture of the World: Linguocognitive and Ethnocultural Angles

Author(s): Oleh Tyshchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 106/2021

The article presents the frame modeling of the concept of “illegitimate child” in the Russian, Czech and Slovak languages compared to English. On the basis of the fundamentals of Slavic ethnolinguistics, cognitive semantics and cultural anthropology, the epistemological layer of the concept of illegitimate child is reconstructed. Its evaluative, figurative and metaphorical components are analyzed These components are presented mainly in dialectal and regional phrasemic content of the compared languages and partly in some literary texts (based on the data of the National Corpus of the Russian language). The following principles and structural and semantic types of secondary figurative nomination were revealed. These which are objectified in phraseological euphemisms FIND + PHYTONYM LOCUS, FIND (BE BORN) + UNCLEAN PLACE, BRING + ARTIFACT (SUBJECT, PLACE), SUDDENLY APPEAR FROM). The related naive notions, stereotypes and beliefs that act as mental-symbolic correlates of the signs of cultural nomination are reconstructed.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Słownictwo dotyczące świata fauny i flory w Symbolice wiosennej Stefanii Ulanowskiej

Author(s): Małgorzata Andrejczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2021

The object of interest in this sketch is an analysis of the vocabulary indicating selected elements of the world of fauna and flora in Symbolika wiosenna (Spring symbolism) by Stefania Ulanowska (Kraków 1884). The collected language material is characterised by wealth and complexity of the subject matter. The indicated vocabulary has not been characterised yet. This paper employs elements of the cognitivist description of language. The selection of this method enables depiction of the relation between linguistic knowledge and encyclopaedic knowledge. Language becomes an indispensible element of mental processes of the perception of the world (Tokarski 1995; Miodunka 1980). The analysis of the excerpted material clearly shows that the discussed spring symbolism usually invokes, contrary to the prototype, the semantic fi eld related to ‘śmierć’ (death) rather than ‘życie’ (life). The reconstructed image of the folk idea of spring largely deviates from the ideas established in the consciousness of language users in general, which is confirmed by the discussed examples. It presents unit connotations that are individualised and present in the consciousness of members of small rural communities of those times.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Zapożyczenia w słownictwie wyścigów konnych w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym (na podstawie czasopisma „Jeździec i Hodowca”)

Author(s): Milena Wojtyńska-Nowotka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2021

This paper represents the stream of structuralist research and has been dedicated to discussing a selected portion of the sports vocabulary of the interwar period. On the basis of the „Jeździec i hodowca” (“Rider and breeder”) magazine, foreign words present in the horse-racing vocabulary have been analysed. The research concentrates on describing the chronology and genetics of the borrowings, their registration in selected lexicographic sources, and the thematic circles they represent. The conclusion of this paper indicates that a large portion of the vocabulary borrowed from horse races was not stabilized and was subject to adaptation to the Polish language system in the selected period.

More...

Download

O języku w serwisie internetowym Ministerstwa Środowiska

Author(s): Rafał Sidorowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2018

The article presents an analysis of linguistic methods of communication present on the official website of the Polish Ministry of the Environment. Described are the language and style of communication used in the main part of the website and in the content of Ministry’s entries on the social networking site – Facebook. A separate chapter was dedicated to the linguistic correctness of texts the authority directs to Internet users.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Odstępstwa od normy ogólnopolskiej w zakresie gramatycznej kategorii rodzaju w tekstach polskojęzycznych „Gazety Polskiej Bukowiny” wydawanej na Ukrainie

Author(s): Ałła Krawczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2021

Texts from the Polish-language „Gazeta Polska Bukowiny” (“The Polish Newspaper of Bukovina”) in Ukraine (2007–2020), which had not been an object of morphological research before, were used as a material for a contrastive analysis of the realisations of forms of grammatical gender of various parts of speech that differ from all-Poland ones. It enabled disclosure of the types of deviations from the norm in this regard, their quantitative proportions, and demonstration of qualitative and quantitative differences in this respect compared to the results of research on variants of the language used by polonocentric communication communities in Ukraine (in particular the youth variant). The reasons for the analysed deviations from the norm were determined: they were mainly extrainterferential, caused by the influence of the Ukrainian (or Russian) language, and – less frequently – intra-interferential; the psycholinguistic aspect of errors concerning gender forms in the Polish language in Ukraine was also taken into consideration.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Trudności w opanowaniu odmiany liczebników w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego na przykładzie studentów ukraińskoi rosyjskojęzycznych

Author(s): Olha Popova / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2021

The aim of this paper is to describe the most common errors made by Ukrainian- and Russian-speaking people while learning inflection of numerals for person and their causes. The applied comparative method permits a closer look at formal and syntactic relations as well as collocations of numerals and specific lexeme classes (this regards primarily agreement between cardinal numbers and masculine personal verbs, compound structures with the numeral jeden (one) and numerals showing adjectival inflection). This study concentrates on a comparison of cardinal and ordinal numbers in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish, which allowed an analysis of the causes of errors made while learning the inflection of numerals by Ukrainian- and Russian-speaking students.

More...

4.90 €

Preview

Retoryka ekspresywnej egzemplifikacji w językach typologicznie odległych – na przykładzie wybranych wypowiedzi polskich oraz japońskich

Author(s): Jarosław A. Pietrow / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2021

A confrontative analysis of distant natural languages proves fully useful in terms of cognition when, as a result, formal differences in statement/utterance structures arising from typological dissimilarities, yet disclosing universal communication strategies, can be noticed. This refers also to the colloquial rhetoric, which is illustrated by this attempt at comparing the strategy of expressive exemplification combined with the mechanism of negation in Polish and Japanese. Usages of the Polish negative pronoun żaden (no, none) are compared here based on an extensive corpus of colloquial sentences to the corresponding Japanese exemplification structure based on the use of the form nanka, which, in turn, permits the observation of characteristic shifts in the hierarchy of the exponents of the former and the latter semantic function mentioned here. The synthetic nature of the Polish structure places the negation higher in the hierarchy, thus prevailing over the meaning of the exemplification, while in the Japanese language the analytical separation of both meanings places the exemplification and the negation at an equal level as part of the separately shaped thematic-rhematic segmentation of statements/utterances.

More...

Download

Отправная точка для исследований русского говора старообрядцев в Польше

Author(s): Mikhal Glushkovski / Language(s): Russian Issue: 44/2020

The main aim of this article is to discuss the findings of a monograph published half a century ago in the context of the evolution of the Russian subdialect of the Old Believers in Poland since then. In their diachronic studies, contemporary researchers need to find a starting point for comparison – in the present study it is the first and so far the only comprehensive monographic description of the language of the Old Believers living in Poland: Rosyjska gwara starowierców w województwach olsztyńskim i białostockim (1968) [The Russian Subdialect of the Old Believers in the Olsztyn and the Białystok Provinces]. This article compares characteristic features of the dialect in question in the 1960s and today on the basis of the latest scholarly works and language materials. It also considers the value of the study published fifty years ago.

More...

Download

Słowniki zapożyczeń świadectwem mocy języków (na przykładzie Słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim Rolandasa Kregždysa)

Author(s): Maciej Rak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 44/2020

Two publications by Rolandas Kregždys – Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodyno specifikacija / Charakterystyka słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim [Specification of the Dictionary of Polish Loanwords in Lithuanian] and Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas / Słownik polonizmów w języku litewskim [Dictionary of Polish Loanwords in Lithuanian], both published in Vilnius in 2016 in the series Studia Etymologica Baltica – enable a closer look at Polish-Lithuanian relations through the prism of lexis. As discussed in this article, there is a clear disparity in these relations. While the Lithuanian language adopted a lot of Polonisms (maybe even about 3,000), Lithuanian borrowings in the general Polish language are a resource of at most a dozen or so words. This can be explained by the power of the Polish language. Polish loans in Lithuanian are mostly old words (extracted from documents from the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries), including those originating from Western European languages. Thanks to them, the Polish language has enabled and strengthened cultural transmission, perpetuating the position of Lithuania in the sphere of Western (Latin) culture.

More...

Download

Czasopismo „Acta Baltico-Slavica”: ponad pół wieku badań nad pograniczem bałtycko-słowiańskim

Author(s): Maksim Duszkin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 44/2020

In 2019, fifty-five years have passed since the publication of the first volume of Acta Baltico-Slavica. The article presents the history of the journal, including the most important changes in the editorial team, the concept and the content (volumes 1–43) which took place over the years.

More...

Download

Niekompetentnie (historycznie) o języku polskiej lewicy. Na marginesie książki Ireny Kamińskiej-Szmaj, Język polskiej lewicy. Od Wielkiego Proletariatu do końca PRL

Author(s): Maciej Metecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

Review of: Irena Kamińska-Szmaj, Język polskiej lewicy. Od Wielkiego Proletariatu do końca PRL, Wrocław 2017, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, ss. 218. Review by: Maciej Metecki

More...

Download

Co nas łaczy, a co dzieli? Stereotyp domu w jezyku polskim, serbskim i rosyjskim

Author(s): Dorota Pazio-Wlazłowska,Ivana Lazić-Konjik,Stana Ristić / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2020

The artricle compares the concept of home/house in Polish, Serbian, and Russian. It is a continuation of research carried out by the authors within the EUROJOS project and the volume on home/house of the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours. The analysis aims to identify the common conceptual base, as well as the culture-specific aspects that distinguish each of the languacultures under scrutiny. The relevant cultural concepts in the three languacultures share a common base image but are distinguished through their culture-specific characteristics. That base is universal: rather than being limited to the Slavic context, it can be found in other languages, sometimes very distant ones. In Polish, Serbian, and Russian, home is above all viewed as a non-material, social, and functional value, as a community of people that share it, one that provides the sense of security and unconditional acceptance. Common features are also found in the network of relationships triggered by each cultural concept in question, such as the notion of family. The culture-specific content, in turn, derives from different historical and cultural conditions: those contribute to the peculiarities of the Polish patriotic manor, the Serbian Kosovo, or the Russian communal apartments. These specific cultural concepts reflect changes in the culture, mentality, and worldview in each languaculture.

More...