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Basarabia între două anexări (1940‑1944): percepţii finlandeze

Author(s): Silviu Miloiu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Atunci când, arareori, istoriografia – fie că ne referim la cea românească postcomunistă, finlandeză sau occidentală – s-a oprit asupra cazului Finlandei şi al României în perioada celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial, aceasta a remarcat faptul că cele două state au fost victime ale Pactului Ribbentrop-Molotov, s-au văzut obligate la dureroase cesiuni teritoriale, motiv pentru care acestea au devenit „camarazi de arme” în Războiul din Răsărit (1941-1944).

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Rat na Kosovu 1998-1999. u udžbenicima istorije na Kosovu i u Srbiji

Author(s): Shkëlzen Gashi / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This article focuses on the way the most important events during the war in Kosovo (1998-1999) are presented in the primary and high history textbooks in Kosovo. The article aims to analyse the presentation of the political/military groups of Kosovo Albanians during the war, their political goals, the meetings, agreements, and collaboration of the political and military representatives of the Albanians with their Serb counterparts, and the war crimes committed by both sides. The article is divided in four parts: the peaceful and the military factions; war crimes, the Rambouillet Conference; and the NATO intervention. The primary and high history textbooks of Kosovo and Serbia, published by the Libri Shkollorpublishing house (Prishtina), and by Zavod za udžbenike (Belgrade), approved by the respective ministries of education, serve as the primary source for this article. In addition to that, works by foreign scholars, who have analysed the events in Kosovo in this period are taken into consideration with their respective arguments.

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The Role of the National Security Strategy in the National Security of the United States of America

Author(s): Plamen Nikolov Bogdanov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper analyses the nature and role of the National Security Strategy within the national security of the United States of America in different historical periods of the country’s development and international relations. The US national security strategies since the end of the Second World War up to the present day have been studied and, on this basis, it is concluded that today the scope of the strategy’s purposes have been expanded, which further increases the importance and role of this fundamental document for the national security of the country.

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The Black Sea’s Strategic Importance of the and NATO’s Role in Countering the Kremlin’s Military Domination

Author(s): Ioan CRĂCIUN / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Black Sea region has become one of the key geopolitical spaces for the competition between Russia and the West on which the very future of Europe ultimately depends. The Kremlin wants to keep the Black Sea in its sphere of influence through a strategy of regional destabilisation based on a special military operation against Ukraine, the illegal annexation of new territories, historically considered to belong to Russia, and the strengthening of the military presence in these territories or the direct military threat to the states in the region in order to limit as much as possible the possibilities of their accession to the Euro-Atlantic structures. On the other hand, the West is trying to respond to Russia’s expansion with an advanced defence strategy in which the Black Sea occupies a central place. Thus, the Black Sea region, which has traditionally been treated as a less important area, acquires new strategic features becoming a much more militarised, unstable and contested region, a region that is in dire need of a new regional status quo in order to stabilise. Considering this state of facts, this article has as its main objective the geopolitical analysis of the Black Sea region, given that Russia has become the main destabilising factor in the region, as well as the identification of solutions to achieve regional stability based on the increasingly consistent involvement of the North Atlantic Alliance.

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Kerch-Eltigen Operation in the War Diaries of the German Navy

Author(s): Dan Dragoș Sichigea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Almost in parallel with the withdrawal of the Axis troops from the Taman area in the Caucasus, the Soviets prepared a bold landing action on the Kerch peninsula in Crimea. The landings, carried out in two areas, south and north of the city of Kerch, were aimed at supporting the offensive from the north of the Sea of Azov and capturing Crimea. The present study focuses on the naval actions that took place predominantly in the area of the southern bridgehead, where the Axis naval forces were able to block the supply of enemy troops.

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Considerations Regarding the Evacuation of the Romanian Troops Participating in the Bulgarian Campaign in the Summer of 1913

Author(s): Silviu-Daniel Niculae / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this article is to highlight the aspects of the evacuation operations from Bulgaria, executed by the Romanian troops participating in the military campaign in the summer of 1913, a chapter of the national military history less researched. The article is based on the documents studied in the national archives. In the summer of 1913, in the face of an unstable Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece decided to conclude a defensive alliance, a process completed on 19 May/1 June 1913, which aimed to establish their own interests in Macedonia against the Bulgarian ones. Moreover, to the tensions between the former Balkan allies were added the armed incidents near the outposts of the three armies that had the mission of preserving the conquered positions. In this context, Romania’s position became a very important one, in relation to the obligations assumed by the treaties concluded at international level, which is why Romania had to make a decision regarding participation in the ongoing war.

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Имидж и репутация на МВР

Author(s): Ivanka Nenova Nikolova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the selected topic our attention is focused on outlining the existing problem areas and factors influencing the determination of a positive image of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in a situation of communication during a crisis of confidence. The emphasis on PR is placed in order to overcome the existing problems with the internal and external audiences of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as a number of sociological studies report that the Ministry of Internal Affairs is among the institutions with the lowest values of public trust, whose structure is the National Police.

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The artificial intelligence in the intelligence analysis

Author(s): Iliyan Iliyanov Iliev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report examines and presents the role of artificial intelligence and human factors in the analysis of intelligence acquired for use by intelligence services. The report begins with an introduction that introduces the reader to what intelligence analysis is and why this stage of intelligence work is most important. It then examines the benefits and threats associated with AI and intelligence analysis.

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Integral assessment of the impact of the military sector on the development of the national economy of the countries of the Black Sea and Baltic regions

Author(s): Kaspar Kikste,Antonina Djakona / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Military alliances are an important part of the development of political alliances in the modern world, which is primarily caused by the presence of open military conflicts in Europe. The impossibility of solving problems only by political means, their settlement by using the tools of international organizations, causes the need for the formation of new mechanisms and tools for conflict resolution. The article examines the possibilities of forming military alliances and their economic efficiency, which is especially relevant for countries that can be considered as objects of conflict in modern conditions.

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PHYSIOGNOMY OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE CURRENT OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Cosmina-Andreea Neculcea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In an ever-changing world, national security systems must recurrently adapt their capabilities to meet the new challenges of the international security environment. The way of approaching conflict and the physiognomy of military actions can be configured only through a thorough understanding of the current operational environment. Studies on demographic trends suggest that most future armed conflicts will take place in urban areas, whereas urbanization and unrestricted access to the Internet make the world become increasingly interconnected and interdependent.

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DEFENSIVE SYSTEMS AND POLITICS. THE VAUBAN SYSTEM AND THE CASE OF THE ALBA-IULIA FORTRESS

Author(s): Elena-Loredana Florescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Italian fortress of Palmanova, built in 1593 and designed by Gulio Savorgnan represented a turning point in the studies of the military engineers of that time. The French engineer Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, through the fortress of Neuf-Brisach, created the “Vauban defence system”, reminiscing of the layout provided by the fortress of Palmanova, approximatively 100 years later. In this paper I intend to analyse the reason why, in 1711, the appointed architect Giovanni Morando Visconti used the Vauban defence system in designing the Alba fortress in the present-day Romania. Following the political and historical background that led to the building of these fortresses and the strategical points that they represent, I intend to identify the similarities between them and whether following an architecture that is based on the ideal city of Renaissance represents a political statement.

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NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION AND THE CENTRAL BALANCE: STRUCTURAL SCENARIOS

Author(s): Mihai ZODIAN / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper synthetizes earlier studies and aims to investigate how the nuclear equilibrium between the United States and the Russian Federation may change, because of the process of proliferation. A theoretical perspective combining power transition and rational deterrence theory is used to draw a few scenarios. The main goal is to develop general traits and tendencies, by varying the variable of power distribution and use them to develop a few scenarios.

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THE GREAT POWER COMPETITION BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN THE SYRIAN WAR 2015-2020

Author(s): Mara Sofia CRĂCIUNESCU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Even though the Cold War ended 30 years ago, the Russian Federation and the United States of America continue the competition for power through different means and by using several instruments. The Syrian war is one of the longest and complex events in which the two states have recently exposed their capabilities. On the one hand, the Russian Federation found the Syrian war as an opportunity to improve its economy, extend its military influence and gain more allies by supporting Syrian regime and situating as a counterweight to USA. On the other hand, the United States of America fought to maintain its economic gains, strategic coalitions and limit Iran power in the region, using as motif the establishment of democracy and counterterrorism. All of these represented the most important assets of each state towards increasing their authority outside their borders and consolidating their power status in the last6 years.

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ROMANIA AS A BROTHER-IN-ARMS THROUGH FINNISH EYES IN WORLD WAR II

Author(s): Kari ALENIUS / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Very little has been relatively studied about the interaction between Finland and Romania. Most existing studies deal with the interwar period and World War II, but there is still room for complementary interpretations. This study focuses on Finns’ perceptions of Romania, especially from the perspective of brotherhood in arms between the two countries. The theme is worth exploring because, during the Second World War, both Finland and Romania considered the development of mutual relations more important than ever before. This study is based on an extensive number of original sources. The analysis shows that there were different attitudes towards Romania as a brother-in-arms, but the attitude was positive in principle. The differences are explained by the type of goals set for the future development of the relationship between Finland and Romania. It is evident that Romania was valued as a brother-in-arms by a wide range of citizens. The Finnish media and the NGOs behind it conveyed a positive image of Romania and emphasized the common interests of Finland and Romania in the ongoing war. However, the Finnish leadership was cautious about developing bilateral relations, as it considered it necessary to strike a balance between Germany and the Western powers. The brotherhood of arms was therefore not allowed to become too close.

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THE INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC DECLINE ON MILITARY STRUCTURES

Author(s): Cristian BOGANTOIU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The human factor is the main value-creating resource of an army. The presentation aims to highlight the overall influence of the demographic decline in recent years on the process of generating military structures. By analysing the approach to policies adopted to ensure national security and defence, the causal links between demographic indicators and the evolution of economic development, the trend in population size and the characteristics of age generations, the article highlights the creation of a new perspective on attracting human capital to the military profession. Focusing on the study of the evolution of demographic indicators, trends and forecasts, it also reveals the creation of premises in the development of the employer brand of the military institution on the labour market. With more than 12 years of experience in the field of human resources management in the Romanian Army up to their strategic level, both in the field of recruiting personnel for the military profession and in the field of personnel management, I have observed different behaviours of individuals depending on their origin, professional training, financial motivation, age generations, behaviours that I believe are directly influenced by the evolution of demographic indicators on society in general. The article concludes that it needs to be developed in detail in order to draw up guidelines for promoting the military profession, recruiting human resources and building a predictable and stable military personnel management system.

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THE GENDER EQUALITY PERSPECTIVE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION, IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Author(s): Daniela-Elena Hrab / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article focused on offering a preliminary view on the most important areas in which gender equality perspective, one of the sustainable development goals, can contribute to the sustainability of human resources in the military organization and the possible effects. First, the article investigated, through a literature review approach, the conceptual dimensions of defense human resource sustainability, proposing a conceptual model which could be applied by military decision-makers to enhance the efficiency of human resource management and to contribute to the sustainability of military organization, in the context of sustainable development. Second, the article explored relevant documents, to identify the military approach to gendered issues, revealing some commonalities with the subsequent targets of the sustainable development goals and highlighting the emergence of a new military capability, represented by women’s empowerment. Finally, the proposed sustainability model and the military gender equality perspective represented a framework for identifying the contribution gender equality perspective could have to the sustainability of defense human resources. In this respect, recent statistics and the analysis of some specific on-line content offered valuable information on the practical benefits of the gender equality perspective. To conclude, this study highlights the need that the military human resource management adapt its policies, to ensure a positive contribution of the gender perspective to the permanent and functional availability of its human resource.

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PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT – A TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING THE EDUCATION PROCESSES? METHODS OF INTEGRATION INTO THE HMES

Author(s): Alina-Elena Ionașcu (Huluba),Toma PLEȘANU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

We argue that the principles and practices specific to the performance management can be used as levers in the education system and in the professional training of military personnel, especially in the higher military education system. We will focus particularly on the most important aspects of performance management: planning and goal setting, monitoring, evaluation and feedback. Beyond the conceptual aspects, we will discuss the implications that these practices have on the teaching-learning process and we will highlight their value in the military academia by elaborating on how they can be applied in three problematic situations. Thus, this article provides teachers and instructors in the military education system with learning-oriented methods that will create a productive classroom environment and highlights the opportunities that students have and the benefits at the institutional level.

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QUESTIONNAIRE TO IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF STUDENTS INVOLVED IN COUNSELING

Author(s): Sorina-Mihaela Mardar,Adriana RÎȘNOVEANU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

One of the aims of the education system is social and professional integration of young graduates. But in the ever-changing world, we live in today, choosing a career becomes a very difficult task. Today's students, subjected to the flow of information from a very young age, enter school with a great deal of knowledge about the world around them. The extracurricular activities in which they participate during the school years open their horizons of thought and many of them may be attracted to several areas, thus being in a very difficult position: what to choose, when I find that I am attracted to more things/professions and I think I can do them well? Therefore, career counseling becomes extremely important in the life of any young person. Counseling refers to a process in which a professional establishes a relationship – based on trust – with a person who needs support. During this process, the young student expresses his/hers ideas and feelings about a problem and receives support in clarifying their meanings, in identifying value patterns based on which solutions will be formulated. The counseling process involves guiding a young person to a profession for which he/she shows interests and skills. At the heart of this process one can find self-knowledge, vocational education, career education, exploration and career planning

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PARTICIPATION OF THE MILITARY SANITARY SERVICE AND BY DEFAULT, OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM, IN MULTI-DOMAIN OPERATIONS

Author(s): Viorel ORDEANU,Benoni ANDRONIC / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Multi-domain operation is an US military advanced concept of approaching future military action,superior to joint operation, able to optimize the way the military force adapts to the specifics of new risks and threats to the security of states and alliances. The participation of the Military Sanitary Service and implicitly of the National Health System, as well as other military and civilian components, in multi-domain operations is important for maintaining the combat capacity of the staff and Forces, for caring for the sick and wounded, for coordinating medical countermeasures in operational situations, thus contributing to the success of the operation by minimizing health losses. The National Health System (NHS) includes all national, regional, local and individual entities that aim to maintain health, regain it and prevent disease in the entire population,including the Armed Forces of that state. The NHS includes state and private organizations, all of which work together and co-operate as needed to address local or national health crisis situations or engage in international aid (e.g. Red Cross). Moreover, the field of Human Medicine is integrated, through the new and realistic “One health” concept, with Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry, Agronomy and Environmental Protection.

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STRENGTHENING ROMANIAS' RESILIENCE TO RUSSIAN DISINFORMATION

Author(s): Andreia-Mariana POP / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main purpose of this paper is to improve public awareness of the influence campaigns carried out in the Romanian public space, via traditional and internet media that are at odds with national interests. In the context of an ongoing Russian disinformation campaign that frequently spreads disinformation among civil society members and, more concerning, generates hostility between the Romanian citizens and their officials, the most common Russian narratives used in Romania are analyzed, and their misleading aspects are revealed. The paper also covers the resilience approach at national level, as well as at the EU and NATO levels, in order to better understand the instruments and procedures available for lowering risks and managing threats affecting the Romanian society. In light of the current situation in Ukraine, the study presents a series of conclusions regarding how the dissemination of misleading narratives influenced the information environment in Romania.

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