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Rolul particularităţilor individuale al tânărului specialist în formarea reprezentărilor viitorului profesionist

Author(s): Inga Baciu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The specialized studies support the concept of representation of the professional activity is inextricably linked to personality. It includes two aspects: First issue of the image "I" personally, and secondly, the aspect related to the work and professionalization personality. Also, research has shown the importance of capacity representation of the future. Namely these representations is a goal that seems required "for granted". Thus representing professional future can act as a magnetic force which orders the actions, provides energy and courage to take initiatives, provide solutions and drive for success. In the future these projections operate as sets of needs guiding and select individual personality actions towards professional activity.

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“Fraped” Selves: Hacked, Tagged, and Shared Without Permission. The Challenges of Identity Development for Young People on Facebook

Author(s): Anca Velicu,Monica Barbovschi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Social Networking Sites (SNS) play an important role in the daily lives of adolescents by helping them to develop two core developmental characteristics –identity and intimacy. SNS can also contribute to developing adolescents’ identities by eliciting peer feedback (Valkenburg & Peter, 2011). However, children’s unpleasant experiences with the misuse of their online personal information are among the rapidly increasing online risks, as reported by children ages 9–16 in the Net Children Go Mobile (2012–14) and EU Kids Online III (2012–14) projects. These troublesome situations – e.g., dealing with impersonation through hacked accounts (with the impersonator sending rude messages to damage reputation) or dealing with slanderous pages created by peers – pose challenges to young people’s need for creating and maintaining their online identity in the context of their peer relationships.

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Risk behaviour in adolescence: Two perspectives

Author(s): Eva Beranová,Stanislav Ježek,Jan Širůček / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Risk, problem or antisocial behaviour or risk-taking in general are in their various forms arelatively common and frequently examined phenomena in adolescence. Risk behaviour was traditionally perceived as an undesirable phenomenon affected by a wide range of well described risk factors (e.g. Jessor, 1977, 1991, 1995; Kandel, Simcha-Fagan, & Davies,1986; Baumrind, 1991; Kaplan, Martina & Robbins, 1984). According to the concept of risk factors, adolescents are shaped during their development by many internal and external factors that make them more or less susceptible to various types of risk behaviour. Risk behaviour is regarded as a negative phenomenon from which adolescents must be protected.

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Strategii de individualizare a demersului consilierii psihologice în tulburarea afectivă

Author(s): Silvia Briceag / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The affective disorders (mood disorders) have attracted a very special attention of the researchers, theorists and practitioners of the psychiatry over the past 40 years. This finding is based on at least three sets of the arguments: the biological psychiatry researches have had a much more consistent success in the field of affective pathology than in other sequences of the mental pathology; the epidemiological researches have revealed the trend of continuous increase in prevalence rates, so today it is estimated that depression has become a global public health problem; the psychopharmacology researches have promoted four generations of antidepressant products and led to a significant improvement in the prognosis of this pathology. The affective life of the human being comprises a wide range of the mood experiences that extend between two poles, one of which is represented by the tears of pain and the other – by the tears of joy. We are facing a mood disorder, when the limits of physiological euthymia are exceeded. This article presents, in a structured way, another perspective of psychotherapeutic approach to adult anxiety-depressive disorders, centered on an adlerian methodology. The adlerian view of psychopathology is deceptively simple. It considers that the psychopathological disorders generally occur in the presence of 2 conditions: an exaggerated sense of inferiority and an insufficiently developed sense of adherence. In these conditions a person can live or anticipate the feeling of "discouragement" in the face of a seemingly impossible task. Adler tended to use this term in opposition to "pathology" or "sickness".

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The logbook of the psychopathology-creativity junction

Author(s): Bogdan C.S. Pîrvu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Mihai Eminescu, the Romanian national poet, is ultimately the ―deep state‖ of our research herewith, the medical contextualization of his personality being another phrase for connecting psychopathology to creativity, in a biopsychosocial approach.

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The nay-powered personality: Ion Creangă

Author(s): Cătălina A. Pîrvu,Ioan Florin Diaconu,Narcis Aprodu,Cristina Ruxandra Livescu,Ionela Stătescu,Mihaela Sîrghie,Florentina Gavril,Lenuș Gurguță,Bogdan C.S. Pîrvu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Saith the first sorcerer: ―The good news, dear Smaranda, is that your firstborn will be nurturing and protective of others – he will consequently be a good organizer. The bad news, however, is that this firstborn son of yours will be uncooperative, highly anxious, highly critical of others and unconsciously hostile; he will be driven by exaggerated feelings of power and he will fight for acceptance – he must always be ‗right,‘ whereas others are always ‗wrong.‘‖

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The lead-flowered personality: George Bacovia

Author(s): Laura Murgu,Anca Rafiroiu,Florin Tecuceanu,Diana Corjan,Adrian Brunello,Bogdan C. Archip,Nicoleta Luțuc,Ștefania Vlad,Bogdan C.S. Pîrvu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Says the good doctor: ―The bad news, dear Zoe, is that your newly-born son can be anything, but a poet. A poet needs his hypomania (another name for the intensive creative episode) and, I chance to know that much from a highly competent source, the poetic process is out of the question in the absence of such trances, the more the better for the poet qua poet but, unfortunately so, the more they come the worse for the poetʼs mental health.

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Psychological Features of the Tolerance of Future Specialists in Socionomic Professions

Author(s): Hanna Barabashchuk,Mariana Dushkevych,Natalia Hutsuliak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

It is a set on the basis of theoretical researchers, that the modern specialist of the sphere of «Man-Man», except the certain volume of professional abilities and knowledge, must own personality-mature qualities: to show readiness for self-development and self-perfection; make a decision on their own; have their own system of values and be able to correlate their own vital persuasions with the senses and stereotypes of society. For this reason, development of their tolerance as a constituent of professionalism is important in the professional preparation of specialists of socio-economic professions.Tolerance is not just a tolerance for others' thoughts, beliefs and behaviour, it is a purposeful effort on the part of the individual to create an information space that promotes harmony, interpersonal cooperation, emotional tact and respect.The empirical study involved 40 second-year students, including psychology students and foreign language teachers. The psychodiagnostic complex of methods presented in the article made it possible to obtain reliable research results. A comparative analysis of respondents' indicators showed that «tolerance» as a personal quality is significant for both groups. It is stated that psychology students are more tolerant of representatives of different social strata, while foreign language students are tolerant of ethnic minorities.The study found that future psychologists seeking to assert their beliefs and considerations, if the situation becomes conflictual, can be harsh. Future teachers are more critical of themselves and their opinions, showing tact and understanding to manifest «paradoxical» actions, even if they do not agree with them.The overall tolerance index of the two groups under study indicates that their behaviour and attitudes towards the world, people and events will depend on the particular social situation they are currently in.

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Choroba Stargardta funkcjonalnie – o sposobach radzenia sobie z niepełnosprawnością wzroku w stopniu znacznym

Author(s): Magdalena Kokot / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Visual disability affects about 2 million Poles. This group includes people who have been diagnosed with Stargardt’s disease. This disease occurs in the general population with a frequency of one in 10,000. It leads to legal blindness with visual acuity lower than 5%. Visual disturbances in this disease may occur in children, i.e. 7–12 years of age, as well as in adolescents and adults. People suffering from this disease experience a significant reduction in visual acuity, difficulty in recognizing colors, impaired depth vision, difficulties with accommodation, impaired central vision and often severe photophobia. The aim of the research was to collect information about the assistive technologies used by people with Stargardt’s disease and to identify their ability to move independently despite a significant reduction in visual acuity. The research results show that most of the 102 surveyed people use various types of assistive technology and experience significant visual impairment. At the same time, a significant part of this group declares that despite the inability to read the black print text, they can still move quite freely.

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Depressive Symptoms among Self-Harming Adolescents

Author(s): Slavka Demuthova,Zuzana Rojková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Self-harm is a common form of high-risk behaviour in adolescents. It is often linked to depression; however, the correlation between these two variables has scarcely been studied. The presented study on a sample of 1,117 adolescents aged from 11 to 19 (mean age 15.56) compares the occurrence of depressive symptoms (measured by the CDI questionnaire) in individuals who self-harm versus those who do not self-harm, it investigates whether there is a correlation between the intensity of self-harm (measured by a modified SHI questionnaire) and depressive symptoms on a sample of self-harming adolescents, as well as explores the specificities of the correlation in terms of the age and sex of the subjects. The results showed that the occurrence of depressive symptoms: 1/ is statistically significantly higher (p = 0.000) among self-harming individuals compared to non-self-harmers, particularly in female subjects, 2/ significantly correlates with the intensity of self-harming behaviour in the group of self-harmers (p = 0.000), and 3/ it decreases with age among self-harming female subjects. The conclusions point to a need for the clarification of the relationship between depressive symptoms and self-harming behaviour (presence and direction of causality) and to the consequences in clinical practice.

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The Faces of Human Vulnerability

Author(s): Rariţa Mihail / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The notion of vulnerability is one of the beliefs of a recent current of moral and political philosophy, namely care ethics. Stemming, especially, from the North American feminist movement, this care ethics, based on the rejection of a universal and abstract morals, privileges the relational dimension based on the orientation towards human vulnerability.Subject to the weight of the tyranny of normality and perfection, contemporary societies, glorifying the individual who is useful and performant, struggle to hide, or more often than not deny the vulnerability of human beings. The notion of vulnerability appeared not only as a mutual sign of any person who is in a dependent situation, but also as one of the constitutive dimensions of the essence of living beings and of their life environment. In this article, the notion of vulnerability will be studied by identifying the representative themes of human vulnerability particular to their life and its conditions of being. Firstly, the hypothesis proposed by Freud in Le malaise dans la culture (2010)represents the underlying basis of this study on human vulnerability. Next, two important concepts guide the study proposed: the vulnerability inherent to human subjectivity, from the perspective of Lévinas, and the one akin the process of socialising of human beings, from the perspective of Habermas.

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STRATEGII DE FORMARE A IDENTITĂȚII PERSONALE A ELEVILOR DIN CLASELE PRIMARE

Author(s): Laura-Monica Morăraşu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The text focuses on building personal identity for primary school students. During early schooling, learning and school have a significant impact on personality development. Self-awareness and self-image are influenced by the relationships with others, parents, classmates, teachers. Role play, therapeutic stories, storytelling, shows, specific situations, educational games are ways in which we can bring our contribution to the identity formation of primary school students

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Metakognícia vo vzťahu k dimenziám osobnosti

Author(s): Jarmila Takáčová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The study issues from understanding metacognition as a pivotal construct and an important variable of learning proccess. We were concered with the concept of metacognition in relation to personality dimensions to understand it in its complexicity. The aim of the study was to find out the relation of metacognitive strategies of students and personality dimensions of the Big Five model. The main premise of the research was “Personality dimensions significantly predict metacognitive strategies of students “ We tested 136 university students (131 female and 35 male, AM=21,49 years old, SD= 1,81) with the Inventory of Metacognitive Strategies and Neo Five- Factor Inventory. The results of correlation study indicated significant relationships among metacognitive strategies and personality dimensions of the Big Five model except personality dimension of agreeableness. Regression analysis indicated that personality dimensions of conscientiousness and openness significantly positively predicted metacognitive strategies of students, while neuroticism negatively predicted metacognitive strategies. Discussion and conclusion: These results provide insight into personality factors that may have an important connection with processes of cognitive regulation. These findings highlight important role conscientiousness, openness and neuroticism play in the cognitive regulatory strategies of learners.

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Osobnost, kreativita a komplexita myšlení

Author(s): Lucie Chadimová,Tomáš Urbánek / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Presented study introduce the correlation of creativity, personality and cognitive complexity. The structure of cognitive processess has been great topic since the turn of 20th century. The research on cognitive styles have brought many new findings on the interconectedness of personality and cognitive processes such as perception, thinking and decision making, memory etc. Theories of cognitive complexity represent one contribution of this period, which aims on how are the cognitive processess structured, how this structure affects the effectivity of decision making and how it’s affected by different internal or external factors such as sex, age, personality, social context, time pressure etc . In the first part of our research we conducted an analysis of correlation between divergent thinking factors and cognitive complexity measures following the approach of P. Suefeld and P.E. Tetlock. Figural and verbal fluence, flexibility, elaboration and originality were measured by subtests Torrance test of creative behaviour and Guilford Alternative uses test. Cognitive complexity was scored on the Paragraph completion test data following the Integrative/Conceptual complexity scoring manual (BakerBrown et al., 1992). In the second part of study we conducted correlation study of cognitive complexity and Big Five personality traits (measured by Czech version of NEO-FFI by Hřebíčková & Urbánek, 2001). The article gives a summary of main findings of our studies and briefly sketch out the questions and hypotheses for future research on the complexity of thought.

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Osobnost a text: Kvantitativní psycholingvistická analýza stylisticky diferencovaného českého textu

Author(s): Dalibor Kučera,Jiří Haviger / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the possible application of quantitative psycholinguistic methods within the framework of psychological disciplines, psychodiagnostics in particular. It provides an introduction to the theoretical basis of the given approach, as well as an overview of both the research documentation and selected results of the current QPA-FPT 2015 research. The research focused on the identification of a writer’s personality features as manifested in different text types, which were subsequently analysed in terms of their formal (i.e. non-semantic) structure. The research sample consisted of 65 students of the Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia (20 men, 45 women; ~ 21,5 years old). Following a specific writing task, the probands produced two text types – a formal text (a motivation letter) and an informal text (a letter from holiday). They also completed a number of diagnostic tests (STAI-X, KSAT, SSI and PSSI). Next, all the texts were analysed by the computer and tagged using 48 different linguistic features, especially morphological ones. The formal characterisation included both the expression of relative and absolute frequency of a given feature (e.g. first person) and a combination of such features (e.g. first person singular pronoun). The outcomes of the analysis were then compared with the tests results and correlations were identified. The research results include a number of key findings, pointing out to the influence of a given text type on its morphological structure, but also to the links between linguistic features and specific personality characteristics of the writer.

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Dárcovství krve a dimenze pětifaktorového modelu osobnosti

Author(s): Zdeněk Mlčák / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the problem of some personality aspects of blood donors that are conceptualised like the dimensions of five-factor personality model. In the theoretical passage of this paper are remarked also other approaches to study of this problem in short oveview. For the identification personality dimension was employed NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), that was applicated in sample univerzity students (n = 940) in Ostrava. The research result show, that the blood donors, male and female (n = 127), demonstrate higher level of the extraversion than nondonors (n = 813). Male donors show higher level of the agreeableness than male nondonors and female donors prove lover level of the neuroticism than female nondonors. This research findings can be use in recruitment of new blood donors for example.

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Představa Boha a prožívání spirituality u praktikujících katolíků. Kvalitativní výzkumná studie

Author(s): Lenka Tenklová,Pavel Moravec / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The goal of this article is to present results of research which was concentrated on idea of God by Christian believers, the way they experience their faith and problems they find by their faith. Three questions with the possibility of free answers were addressed clients of Advisory Centre for Relationships and Family in Ostrava. Answers were analyzed by Grounded theory. The most common imagination of God was love, the most common was of manifestation of faith was prayer and the most common problem with the fait were own insufficiencies. Depressive respondents more often described God as ungraspable and respondents with disharmony in their personality described God less often as love that the rest of respondents.

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Smysluplnost práce, životní spokojenost a osobnost

Author(s): Karel Paulík / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This study deals with the relationship between the meaningfulness of work, and personality traits in the concept of the five-factor model. It will take into account the effect perceived workload and job satisfaction. The research was carried out with 140 employees working in blue-collar jobs. The results indicate the likelihood of context personality traits, evaluation meaningfulness of their work and the satisfaction with life in general and job satisfaction. It seems likely also some relationships perceived workload and job satisfaction.

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Vnímaná emočná inteligencia a osobnostné črty ako prediktory stratégií kariérového rozhodovania

Author(s): Ľubor Pilárik / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The aim of the research was find relationships between perceived emotional intelligence, personality traits (Big Five) and career decision making strategies. We tested incremental validity of perceived emotional intelligence to predict career decision making strategies after controlling personality traits. Research sample of 153 of students we administrated Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), NEO-FFI and Career Decision-Making Profile (CDMP). We found that adaptive career decision making strategies global score was predicted by high Conscientiousness, Extraversion and low Neuroticism, while perceived EI hasn´t incremental validity. On the level of individual career decision making strategies has the strongest predictive power Conscientiousness. Perceived EI has incremental predictive power (after Big Five controlling) in career decision making strategies: comprehensive information gathering (IG), analytic information processing (IP), effort invested (EI), aspiration for an ideal occupation (AI), and using intuition (IN).

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Štýly rozhodovania nesprostredkúvajú vzťah medzi percipovaným stresom a subjektívne hodnotenou efektivitou rozhodovania

Author(s): Lukáš Pitel,Jitka Gurňáková,Peter Halama / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Decision making styles do not mediate the relationship between perceived stress and subjectively assessed effectiveness of decision making. Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) is one of the most used measures for the assessment of decision making styles. It is based on conflict theory, which states that the level of stress during making decisions affects the use of adaptive or maladaptive decision making styles, subsequently affecting decision making effectiveness. This study aims to test conflict theory by testing the mediation effect of decision making styles in the relationship between perceived stress and subjective decision making effectiveness of decisions (SDME). Data were collected in 2010 among Slovak health care professionals: nurses, paramedics and emergency links operators (N=206, mean age 39.4 years; SD 9.5 years; 22.5% males). Perceived stress was measured by a 10-items version of Perceived Stress Scale, decision making styles by the MDMQ, and SDME by a 100 mm visual analogue scale. Perceived stress was negatively associated with SDME (r=0.32; p<0.001). Only two of the four decision making styles (procrastination and hypervigilance) were significantly associated with both perceived stress and SDME. The mediation effect was not confirmed in any of these two styles. Although the self-reported and cross-sectional nature of this study and a big conceptual overlap among the studied variables are limiting factors, the results of our study question the validity of conflict theory as applied in the MDMQ.

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