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Troska o siebie jako wyraz zdrowego ustosunkowania wobec własnej osoby

Author(s): Katarzyna Błońska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

This article presents a new conceptualization of a healthy attitude towards oneself based on Western psychology. The construct under discussion of self-regard refers to an open, sensitive and understanding attitude towards ones own suffering, limitations and difficult emotions. The first part of the article is a review of international research on self-regard. The article then presents the results of research conducted on 72 married couples, which measured the level of concern for well-being and mental health, self-esteem, satisfaction with various aspects of life, length of marriage, gender, et al.

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Materializm jawny i utajony a samoocena i gotowość do samonaprawy u młodzieży

Author(s): Anna Maria Zawadzka,Magdalena Iwanowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

The aim of the paper is to present an analysis of the relationship between explicit and implicit materialism, self-esteem, and readiness for self-improvement in teenagers. We carried out two studies. In the first one, we examined what object and activity categories are linked to teenage happiness and how the category of happiness associated with possessing things is linked to materialistic teenage attitudes. The second study looked into the associations of implicit materialism with implicit materialism, self-esteem, and readiness for self-improvement. The obtained results showed that (a) five categories of teenage happiness can be distinguished: people and animals, interests, sport, achievements, material possessions and money; (b) as initially assumed, implicit materialism is positively linked to explicit materialism and negatively linked to both self-esteem (Study 2) and readiness for self-improvement (Studies 1 and 2). However, no significant relationship was observed between explicit materialism and self-esteem or readiness for self-improvement.

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Samovraždy mladých dospievajúcich v rodinách: príčiny, následky a prevencia

Author(s): Pavol Tománek,Jozef Šuvada / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2018

This study addresses the suicidal behavior of young adolescents in families. Suicídum is characterized as "harm" self-preservation. Nowadays, not only it increases the risk of active suicides, but mostly passive or so theatrical (inchoate) suicide. The trigger of the story is often prosaic, unpredictable. The study demonstrated on the basis of available information the results of a qualitative study. The study presents the fact that young adolescents with suicidal tendencies come rather from a low emotional level and lack of emotional support. These shortcomings will then show poorer versatility and inability to deal with conflict situations.

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The impact of self-esteem on the degree of general and examination anxiety

Author(s): Sofija Georgievska / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2/2015

The purpose of this research was to clarify the relationship to the level of self esteem and general and examination anxiety, as well as to determine the difference between general and examination anxiety among the students. Measuring instruments that were used in this research are Rosenberg self-esteem Scale, anxiety scale constructed by Hamilton and Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI). In the survey attended 70 participants, students from the Institute of Social Work and Social Policy in Skopje. Revealed was a lower level of anxiety among the students with higher (normal) self-esteem, and vice versa, among those with low self-esteem has a significantly higher proportion of anxiety. Also, it was proved that what the students that have a greater general anxiety, have significantly higher level of examination anxiety.

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KRIVIČNO PRAVO I SPOSOBNOST ČOVEKOVOG SAMOODREĐENJA

Author(s): Dragiša Drakić,Tatjana Lukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2011

This paperwork reconsiders the capability of man’s self-determination in the context of the concept of guilt in criminal law. In central part of paperwork the author analyzes the power of man’s self-determination as „individual reality“, which could be manifested through its affirmation – in the form of criminal accountability or significantly reduced accountability, or through its negation – in the form of mental incompetence. The author concludes that only mental disorder of such character and intensity that could cause complete loss of „inner freedom“ of the offender in terms of his, or her identity with himself or herself which led to his or her incapability to act in accordance with criminal norm, could exclude the mentioned capability.

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KONATIVNE I EMOCIONALNE KARAKTERISTIKE MATEMATIČKI NADARENE I PROSJEČNO SPOSOBNE DJECE

Author(s): Vlasta Vizek-Vidović,Vesna Vlahović-Štetić,Lidija Arambašić,Melanija Slaviček / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 30+31/1997

The aim of the research was to compare mathematically talented and average pupils of fourth-grade elementary schools according to the following conative and emotional characteristics: motivation for studying mathematics, situational interest for studying mathematics during lessons, mathematical anxiety, self-esteem connected to school achievement and attribution of success and failure in mathematics. The group of pupils talented for mathematics (N-31) was identified according to the assessment of teachers, their results in the Standard Progressive Matrixes and Numerical Test from the B-series, as well as the results in the Knowledge Test in Mathematics. The second group of children consisted of pupils with average abilities from three c1asses in which there were no mathematically talented children (N-85). The results obtained indicate that the following variables differentiate best the two groups of children: the attribution of "success" to motivation, activity and of external factors to intrinsic orientation, the attribution of "failure" to personal abilities and characteristics and of external factors to mathematical anxiety.

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Osobowościowe uwarunkowania poczucia własnej godności osób w okresie późnej dorosłości. Analiza badań własnych

Author(s): Stanisława Steuden,Paweł Brudek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8/2018

The aim of research. The results of the research carried out by the Author were presented in this article. People (N=315) in late adulthood (60–75 years old) took part in the research. Its primary goal was to identify the personal predictors of sense of self-dignity. Methods. Two psychological methods were applied in the discussed project, such as: (1) Questionnaire of Sense of Self-Dignity (QSSD-3); (2) NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Results. The analyzes revealed that among the distinguished psychological variables, the role of the predictor of sense of self-dignity in late adulthood is fulfilled by the Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Extraversion. Conclusions. The findings obtained in the research may be a significant back-up for psychologists and social workers while defining ways of aid efforts taken towards elderly people having problems with the overall and adequate sense of self-dignity assessment.

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Patrząc w tym samym kierunku. Studenci animacji na Cieszyńskiej Nocy Muzeów

Author(s): Jolanta Gisman-Stoch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2019

The article is inspired by the cyclic artistic and animation event, which has been organized for 14 years with the engagement of students of sociocultural animation, educated in the Faculty of Ethnology and Education in Cieszyn at the University of Silesia. For two years, the event earlier known as the Day of the Animator’s Creativity has taken place within the Cieszyn Night of Museums as the Night of the Animator’s Creativity (NAC). The author searches for the justification of the undertaken animation activities and the tradition of the NAC in some concepts in the field of psychology of culture and humanistic anthropology. This is carried out in reference to the notions coined by a British psychologist R. Winnicott (potential space, transitional object), as well as those of an American anthropologist R.P. Armstrong (affecting presence) and D.N. Stern (affective attunement).

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Religiosity and Generosity of Youth. The Results of a Survey with 8th Grade Students from Bihor County (Romania)

Author(s): Adela Răzvana Lazăr,Adrian Hatos / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

The article draws on the results of a survey conducted in the schools from Bihor county in 2018-2019. The study analyses the answers of 4261 eighth grade pupils regarding generosity and its predictors. The actual research is an extension of our article from 2016 in which we analyse similar data collected in 2011. In our first results we observed a significant correlation between generosity and socio-economic background and between generosity and gender. Considering the results of our previous research we conducted the present research using new data and adding new hypotheses like the influence of religiosity.As we expected, grounded on the literature, our new results indicate that religiosity explains generosity variation among Romanian 8th grade pupils from Bihor county. It seems that general trust, school results, living environment (rural vs. urban) have no influence, an aspect which can be explained, at least partially, by the specificity of the Romanian culture. Religious girls with higher economic background are most generous. Also, as we found in our first research, there is a homogeneity of schools concerning the generosity level.We consider that the results of our research can contribute significantly to a better understanding of generosity and its specificity in our country, and the results can be valorised in other studies or programs of the non-profit organizations, fundraising campaign.

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PROMENA SLIKE O SEBI KOD ADOLESCENATA U PERIODU DRUŠTVENE KRIZE

Author(s): Zorica S. Kuburić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/1997

The main goal of this research was to examine the effects of crisis in Yugoslavia on the self-image of adolescence from 13 to 19 years who live in a complete family. The research was done in Belgrade 1988 and 1994. year in the sample of 351 adolescents. The instrument used in this research were Offer's scale OSIQ. The main results of the research showed that the crisis of society had effects on self-image of adolescence, who live in complete family, in variable: sexual attitudes, moral, impulse control and educational goals. The adolescents are more free in sexual relations and behavior, especially there are mail who are significant secure in relations toward the opposite sex. In variable moral there is less acceptance of moral standard and fillings of responsibility and care for others.

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Ono

Author(s): Georg Groddeck / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2019

Polish translation of two chapters from Georg Groddeck's epistolary novel "Das Buch vom Es" (1923).

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Ono i psychoanaliza

Author(s): Georg Groddeck / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2019

Polish translation of Georg Groddeck scientific essay "It and the Psychoanalysis" (1925).

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Między wyobraźnią romantyczną a literacką moderną. Georg Groddeck w lustrze psychoanalizy

Author(s): Agnieszka Więckiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2019

The aim of the present paper is to introduce the theory of a German physician and so-called “wild psychoanalyst” Georg Groddeck. During World War I, after contacting Sigmund Freud, Groddeck has started to develop his own psychoanalytic theory in his scientific as well as literary writings. In 1923 he published a novel entitled The Book of the It (Das Buch vom Es), in which he discussed and reinterpreted Freud’s theory. By introducing the category of the “It” (das Es), Groddeck aimed to elaborate on Freud’s concept of the unconscious, which he considered too restricted and reduced to what the Viennese psychoanalyst defined as the conscious and the preconscious. The author points out to the importance of the discussion between Freud and Groddeck, which began as early as in 1917 in their letters. The publication of The Book of the It coincide with Freud’s treatise The Ego and the Id (Das Ich und das Es) written the same year. The author analyzes the similarities as well as the differences between Freud’s and Groddeck’s concepts of the It (das Es). Groddeck’s theory is presented in the light of German philosophical and literary tradition. The paper addresses the problem of Groddeck modernist writing strategies, such as combining psychoanalysis with literature and with different life-writing genres which are seen as his way to create a new language in the scientific discourse of his time. The author emphasizes the importance of two main categories in Groddeck’s writings, which have animated his entire theory. One is imagination, deeply rooted in romanticism, the other is self-analysis related to the modernist understanding of autobiography. While imagination represents Groddeck’s general doubt in the objectivity of science, especially in a linear progress in medicine, self-analysis is linked to his conviction that every discourse – not only literary, but also philosophical or psychoanalytic, has an autobiographical, hence also intimate dimension.

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Does mindfulness moderate the relationship between self-reported emotional intelligence and facial expression recognition?

Author(s): Mateusz Adamik / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

Modern psychology is increasingly interested in phenomena related to the flourishing of a human being, such as mindfulness or emotional intelligence (EI). Mindfulness, according to Kabat-Zinn, is “the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment” including the experience of emotions. The most widely studied EI concept was introduced by Salovey and Mayer. They defined it as the ability to monitor emotions and use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions. One of the skills involved in EI is the recognition of emotions based on facial expressions. Interestingly, there is no link between self-reported emotional intelligence, measured by a questionnaire, and the ability to recognize facial expressions measured by a task test. Mindful people are more attuned to their implicit emotions and can reflect this awareness in their explicit self--descriptions. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between mindfulness and emotional intelligence, and to examine the moderating role of mindfulness in the relationship between self-reported EI and the ability to recognize facial expressions. The participants were 120 students from different universities of Lublin, Poland, who completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) by Brown and Ryan as translated into Polish by Jankowski, the Schutte Self-Report Inventory as adapted into Polish by Jaworowska and Matczak (Kwestionariusz Inteligencji Emocjonalnej; INTE), and the Emotional Intelligence Scale – Faces (Skala Inteligencji Emocjonalnej – Twarze; SIE-T) developed by Matczak, Piekarska, and Studniarek. The results show a positive relationship of emotional intelligence with mindfulness. A positive correlation was also found between mindfulness and the recognition of emotions, which is a component of EI. There was no correlation between mindfulness and the other EI component – using emotional information to guide one’s thinking and actions. As expected, there was no relationship between self-reported EI and the ability to recognize facial expressions, but – contrary to expectations – mindfulness was not a moderator of this relationship.

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The Everyday Life Intersection of Translational Science and Music

Author(s): Joseph A. Kotarba / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical relationship between translational science and music. The relationship between science and music has been of great interest to philosophers, historians, and musicologists for centuries. From a sociological perspective, we argue that science and music are closely linked at the level of everyday life in contemporary biomedical science. Translational science is a scientific movement that aims to facilitate the efficient application of bio-medical research to the design and delivery of clinical services, and a qualitative approach inspired by symbolic interactionism provides the opportunity to examine the place of the scientist in this movement. The concept of the existential self provides a useful platform for this examination insofar as the reflexive nature of the "existential self" is the way the person’s experience of individuality is affected by and in turn affects organizational change. An ongoing qualitative study of an NIH-funded program in translational science has found that music can serve to help scientists maintain a "balanced self" in light of new expectations placed upon them and their work. We identify six ways in which scientists can use music to enhance their sense of self and their work.

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ODREDNICE SAMOPOIMANJA I SAMOPOSTOVANJA MALOLJETNIKA DRUŠTVENO NEPRIHVATLJIVOG PONASANJA

Author(s): Marijana Majdak,Željka Kamenov / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2011

The goal was to explore the contribution of socio-demographic variables, stigmatization, self-monitoring and externality in explanation of self-image and self-esteem of male juveniles with socially unacceptable behavior on whom were applied non-institutional (N=146) and institutional measures (N=126). In the research were applied Coopersmith’s questionnaire of self-esteem, Offer’s revised questionnaire of self-image, Externality scale, Self-monitoring scale, Questionnaire for assessing the experience of stigmatization in juveniles with socially unacceptable behavior and assessed socio-demographic data. A hierarchic regression analysis was conducted, with following blocks of variables: first block connected to school status and age, second block connected to number of parents and marital status, third block about education and employment of parents as well as the assessment of financial status, fourth block about former interventions to family andjuvenile, fifth block offormal and informal stigmatization and sixth block about self-monitoring and externality. Included variables explained 46% of variance of self-image and 42% of variance of self-esteem ofjuveniles with socially unacceptable behavior. The best predictors of self-image were formal and informal stigmatization and the assessment of financial status of the family, while in predicting the self-esteem the best predictors were informal stigmatization, externality, the assessment of financial status of the family, the number of former interventions by the court for criminal act and the age of juvenile

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GIFTEDNESS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AS DETERMINANTS OF COMPETENCE SELF-PERCEPTION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Author(s): Anela Hasanagić,Asmir Zukić,Nina Bulajić / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2019

Conducting this research, we wanted to explore the competence self-perception in gifted elementary school students and to compare different aspects of gifted and non-gifted children’s self-perception. In addition to this, we investigated gender differences as well as the correlation between self-perception and academic achievement. The research sample comprised 62 participant, 31 gifted and 31 non-gifted children aged 10 to 15. A matched participant design was used and the controlling variables were: academic achievement in the current and previous grades, gender and a socio-economic status. All the participants were tested by two instruments: The Socio-Demographic instrument and the Self-Perception Profile for Children developed by Susan Harter (1985), which measures six aspects of self-perception (competencies): school competence, social competence, sports competence, physical competence, behavioral competence and general self-perception.

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To the Issue of Determining the Criteria for Differentiating Human Rights Into Absolute and Relative

Author(s): Serhiy Melenko,Dan Paranyuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Based on logical-gnoseological and axiological analyses, the article under studies presents an attempt of ontological research regarding the division of a wide range of human rights into absolute and relative ones. This article is a continuation of the authors’ investigation [9] on scientifically substantiating the problem of determining some features that make it possible to find out, which group (absolute or relative) a certain human right belongs to, according to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms from 1950 (further – the Convention) [5]. The right to life and the right to absolute inviolability of the individual have been selected as the principal samples of this research. Taking into consideration the essence of certain cases, considered by the Strasbourg Court, as well as some other normative-legal acts, the authors of the article under discussion offer a few identification “markers”, which should lay the foundation of differentiating human rights. In addition, they question the present-day indisputable division of human rights into absolute and relative. Consequently, this article is of a rather debatable nature, since it aims at clarifying certain phenomena and notions in the field of the issue under investigation.

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The Effects of Gender, Tenure and Primary Workplace on Burnout of Ukrainian Police Officers

Author(s): Ruslan Valieiev,Vasyl Polyvaniuk,Tetyana Antonenko,Mykola Rebkalo,Andrii Sobakar,Vladyslav Oliinyk / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The postmodern era poses special challenge for police: the transition from the archetypal role of a warrior to the role of a servant. Purpose. To determine the level of Ukrainian police officers` burnout and effect of the gender, tenure and primary workplace (field work or office service) on it. The study involved police officers of the National Police of Ukraine (age – 20-45 years, n = 129 – men, n = 55 – women). The questionnaire was applied. The results of the questionnaire were processed by mathematical statistics methods. 53.8% and 30.4% of the officers revealed high and average levels of emotional exhaustion respectively. Only 15.8% officers revealed low level of depersonalization (≤6 points) a reduction in their personal accomplishment (≥39 points). The correlation analysis was performed by the Kendall rank correlation coefficient. The study did not reveal a statistically significant relationship between burnout and gender. However, a slight negative correlation of tenure and burnout was revealed. This requires further research of young officers, in particular, their job expectations. The primary workplace is identified as a significant predictor of emotional exhaustion (τ Kendall=0.192), depersonalization (τ-Kendall=0.176) and aggregated global measure of burnout (τ-Kendall=0.179). The revealed condition and structure of occupational burnout of Ukrainian police officers testify to its risk level and the necessity of its constant monitoring and psychological support. The implications and limitations of research and practice are discussed.

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Z Mistrzami podróż przez życie

Author(s): Magdalena Koperkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

This article is a personal reflection on the role of a Master in one’s life. We all meet on our path people who in some way create our future. But we do not always realise it. Understanding their role in our lives allows us to implement order in our present life and impacts on our self-awareness. Through my stories about my masters and my own perception I wanted to show that often ordinary people, people around us that we might hardly ever notice or be aware of, are our true Masters.

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