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Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Fen Deneylerine Yönelik Özyeterliklerinin Planlama, Uygulama ve Değerlendirme Bağlamında İncelenmesi

Author(s): Oğuzhan Nacaroğlu,Hatice Esma Güney / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 01/2021

In this research, it was aimed to investigate the self-efficacy of gifted students for science experiments in terms of planning, implementation and evaluation. In the research, survey, one of the quantitative research designs, method was used. The sample of the research consisted of 197 gifted students studying at a Science and Art Center. The Experiment-Related Self-Efficacy Scale was used as the data collection tool and, descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were conducted. As a result of the research, it was found that the science experiments self-efficacy of the participants was at a medium level. In addition, the participants were found to have the most participation in the items in the evaluation dimension of the scale and the least participation in the items in the implementation dimension. Although there was no significant difference between the total scores obtained from the scale by the girl and boy participants, it was found that the students’ score obtained from the planning dimension of the students studying project production and management program was higher than those who were studying other programs.

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Lise Öğrencilerinin Depresyon ve Olumsuz Otomatik Düşüncelerinin Cinsiyet ile Akademik Başarı Açısından İncelenmesi

Author(s): Nergüz Bulut Serin,Ferda Aysan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 01/2021

The aim of this study is to determine the level of depression and negative automatic thoughts in high school students and to examine whether there are significant differences according to gender and academic achievement. Another aim of the study is to examine the relationship between students' depression and negative automatic thoughts. Beck Depression Scale and Developed Automatic Thoughts Scale were used as data collection tools in the research. The sample of the study consists of 485 high school students, 248 female and 237 male. Mean Analysis, Independent Sample t-test and Pearson Correlation Analysis techniques were used in the analysis of the data. When looking at the most important findings obtained in the study; it was found that the students had a moderate level of depression and a low level of negative thoughts. Depression score averages of female students are higher than male students, but no significant difference was found. Female students' negative attitudes were found to be higher than men. A highly positive significant relationship was found between students' depression levels and their negative automatic thoughts.

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Zasoby, potencjał i możliwości człowieka w perspektywie samorealizacji

Author(s): Halina Monika Wróblewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 55 (2)/2020

The aim of this article is to examine the orientation towards positive sources of development and creativity as well as boundaries and transgressions in the process of self-realization. This examination of the process of self-realization takes into account personal resources, potential and possibilities, and promotes a developmental vision of the person as an active being who creatively transforms the environment and themselves. A person’s motivation to pursue creative changes and to strive for achievements is related to human transgressiveness. The nature of self-realization according to Abraham Maslow is similar to Józef Kozielecki’s concept of transgression. It assumes that man is an active agent and that human agency is intentional, autonomous, and goal-oriented, and that it tends to transgress the existing possibilities. Halina Monika Wróblewska’s approach to self-realization, presented in this study, can help to the optimize human development and to make possible the expanding of the boundaries of the self. A person will embrace his or her creative competences through the process of self-realization and thanks to transgressive activities.

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Dziesięć kroków do sukcesu, czyli kształtowanie umiejętności pisania w języku obcym

Author(s): Martyna Rudnicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

Tworzenie wypowiedzi pisemnych nie musi być źródłem frustracji ani uczniów, ani nauczycieli. Może stać się nieocenionym środkiem nie tylko do nauki języka i skutecznej komunikacji, również cyfrowej, ale także do rozwijania kreatywności, samodzielności i poczucia własnej wartości. Trzeba tylko umiejętnie zaplanować lekcję.

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Wielokulturowość z perspektywy psychologicznej. Zarys problematyki

Author(s): Adam Żaliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 61/2019

The issue of multiculturalism has received growing attention in psychological literature in recent years. Yet psychology of multiculturalism is, with the exception of some theoretical concepts, not well known to a broader scientific audience. The aim of this article is to provide an outline of selected psychological nomenclature and theory, as well as empirical research dealing with multiculturalism. Moreover, the paper presents a brief remark concerning the current state of affairs of applied psychology of multiculturalism in the Polish setting.

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IDENTITY (INCLUDING COLLECTIVE IDENTITY). THE HISTORY OF REFLECTION, RESEARCH SCOPE AND OVERVIEW OF DEFINITIONS

Author(s): Paweł Ścigaj / Language(s): English Issue: 68/2020

Identity has remained a popular concept for many decades, being widely used in scientific research. This reflects not only the importance of the phenomena standing behind this notion, but also wide and deep changes accompanying the transition of societies from industrial to post-industrial, late modern, post-modern, network or information society. Regardless of the disputes about the nature of the new era, researchers agree that identities, including collective identities, play a key role in it, and the fight for the recognition of individual and social actors is an extremely important element of contemporary social processes and relations. The article presents a brief description of the most important points in the debate on identity, concerning its meaning, the subjects of identity, the dimensions of identity and the forms of its manifestations in social reality.

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Формирование психологической безопасности у студентов посредством развития самоуправляющих механизмов личности

Author(s): Irina Stanislavovna Morozova,Anastasiya Evgenievna Kargina,Daria Nikolaevna Grinenko,Evgenia Aleksandrovna Medovikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2021

The article considers the problem of psychological safety formation in future professionals at the stage of pursuing a university degree through the development of self-regulating personality mechanisms. The purpose of the research is to determine the features of the formation of psychological safety among university students through the development of self-regulating personality mechanisms. Materials and Methods. Data collection was carried out using the following inventories: H. Zakher and M. Frese’s ‘Occupational future time perspective’, S. S. Goncharova’s ‘Ways to overcome negative situations’, S. Norman, D. F. Endler, D. A. James, M. I. Parker’s ‘Coping inventory for stressful situations (adapted by T.A. Kryukova), Test of resilience by S. Muddy (adapted by D. A. Leontiev). The sample consisted of 50 senior students in the final year at university. The data obtained were interpreted and subjected to statistical analysis using Student's t-test. Results. The authors have defined the concept of ’formation of psychological safety in university students’, as a purposeful, controlled interaction of stakeholders in education which results in the systematization of ideas about psychological safety, acceptable ways of regulating one's activity, taking into account the specifics of the life situation. It has been revealed that reflexive seminars contribute to formation of psychological safety in future professionals of industrial enterprises. Conclusions. The article concludes that senior students who have participated in reflexive seminars demonstrate a detailed approach to the analysis of events in the surrounding reality, set clear goals and think over action plans, independently make decisions, appropriately respond to emerging difficulties, which are criteria for the formation of psychological safety of a person. The authors argue that the research results can be used for designing formative programs for higher educational institutions in order to enhance students’ psychological safety.

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O doniosłości niepewności i myśli słabej

Author(s): Magdalena Szpunar / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (274)/2021

The main aim of the article is to present the concept of weak thought and uncertainty as categories that allow the acceptance of conscious ignorance. The author claims that these categories are an expression of the maturity of an individual who accepts his own ignorance, a state of limbo, or approving expectation. Referring to the publications in the field of psychology, philosophy, sociology and cultural studies, the author discusses the importance of the category of negative ability for everyday existence, meaning an understanding and accepting attitude towards emerging uncertainties, doubts and dilemmas. The author puts forward the thesis that achieving it releases us from the compulsive and immediate need to search for causes and make unambiguous decisions.

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REFLECȚII ETICE ASUPRA CONCEPTULUI DE „DIZABILITATE”

Author(s): Maria Belea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

The concept of “disability” has met a profound revision over the years, both from a scientific and judicial point of view, and from a cultural and social one. The actual change of the concept of “disability” took place along with the adoption in 2006, of The Convention on the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities, according to which disability is not a negative feature of the human being, but a problem of the entire society, which cannot adapt to the individual necessities of the person. The present paper aims to present some reflections on the evolution, from a legislative and a scientific point of view, of theconceptsof“infirmity”and“disability”,emphasizingtheethicalimplications that the adoption of some perspectives about disabilities could have.

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The Relationship Between State Self-Objectification and Body Image in Mid-Adolescence: A Mediative Role of Self-Esteem

Author(s): Monika Kisielewska,Beata Mirucka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This paper investigates the impact of state self-objectification on body image and tests the role of self-esteem in this relationship. The study group consisted of 136 adolescents from a junior high school in Poland, aged 14 to 16 years: 65 boys (Mage = 15; SD = 0.79) and 71 girls (Mage = 14.93; SD = 0.82). Both age groups were relatively homogeneous in terms of demography and BMI. The study consisted of three phases. First, the participants completed demographic measures assessing demographic variables, body image, and self-esteem. The second phase was conducted one week later to induce a temporary state of self-objectification by means of a magnifying mirror. The third phase followed a ten-minute experimental exposure by filling in the Self-Objectification State Questionnaire. A mediation analysis was performed separately in both adolescent groups, according to the approach proposed by Hayes and Preacher (2014). Self-esteem mediated significantly the relationship between state self-objectification and body image. In the group of girls the mediation model produced a complete effect, whereas in the group of boys the mediation effect was partial.

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Nature of Moral Philosophy in the Human Universe: Retrospective Analysis and Modern Paradigms

Author(s): Channa Azman,Antonina Rozsokha,Liubov Lokhvytska / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2021

The present research reveals the nature of moral philosophy in the human universe based on retrospective analysis and synthesis of the positions of modern sciences related to the problem of scientific searching practices and offers the author’s concept. In the process of achieving the pursued goal, the raised problem is actualized through the prism of a view on the activities of the relevant scientific communities, in particular, AME, APNME, ESMP — associations of moral education and moral philosophy, which study various aspects of moral development and highlight the results in the journals founded by them: Journal of Moral Education, Journal of Moral Philosophy, Philosophical News, Moral Capital. Based on the retrospective study of moral philosophy in the human universe, it is proven that for many centuries, philosophers-moralists have been trying to clarify the specifics of the world of human freedom, their confession of moral norms, and rules accepted in society. Based on the analysis of modern paradigms of moral philosophy and moral psychology, which are related to each other, it is established that the universe contributes to the identification of moral values and their acceptance in the internal plan of human actions. The scientific research results made it possible to outline the author’s concept of the studied phenomenon and determine its main components. It is established that the basis of the universe in its significance for man provides an interaction process that is directly reflected in the formation of moral consciousness, the basis of which is moral philosophy with a system of moral values. In turn, this affects the formation of man’s moral self-consciousness, which contains such constructs as moral intuition, moral judgments, and moral behavior. In conclusion, it is postulated that man as a part of the single whole world acts as a builder of their own moral being, creating their moral “I” and producing their universe.

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The Importance of Education in the Adult Person’s Hierarchy of Values

Author(s): Rafał Bodarski / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2020

The text is devoted to looking at the individual through the prism of his subjective functioning. The characteristics of human behavior in this context are analyzed from the perspective of pedagogy, sociology, psychology and philosophy. Particular attention is paid to the sense of agency. The problem of making decisions, making a choice between values becomes a key issue, often proving the professed worldview or human maturity. Taking action by a person is often determined by the value that this action has for him and how much importance the subject attaches to the result of this action. Man’s ascribing to successes, which, in his opinion, are a derivative of his abilities and own abilities, appears both in individual actions and in group work. A similar mechanism is responsible for rationalizing negative events. Explaining failures to oneself in many life and professional situations is related to the shaping of a person's self-esteem. What is the role of building and strengthening self-esteem through previous (educational) experiences, and to what extent does the individual show excessive optimism or lack of realism when taking action in a new situation? The author tries to find an answer to these questions by analyzing various perspectives and theories.

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ТВОРЧА ОСОБИСТІСТЬ ЯК СУБ’ЄКТ КУЛЬТУРИ В ПАРАДИГМАЛЬНИХ ВИМІРАХ ОСМИСЛЕННЯ

Author(s): Oljgha Ovcharuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2021

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the essence of paradigmaticity, to determine the basic paradigm dimensions of cultural comprehension of the phenomenon of personality. The methodology of research consists in the application of synergetic, axiological, cultural-hermeneutic approaches and analytical, semiotic, phenomenological methods to comprehend the personality as a subject of culture, capable of representing universal cultural meanings, values and ideals through various forms of creative practices, choosing a personal vector of creative self-realization. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in the problem field of cultural studies on the basis of paradigmatic as a sign of modern postnonclassical humanitarianism is justified paradigm dimensions of comprehension of personality, based on discursiveness, multiple intellectual forms of scientific knowledge, as well as interpretive variability of artistic thinking. In the context of culturological comprehension of personality as a cultural subject universal paradigm dimensions are defined: interscientific, humanitarian, subject-value, activity-creative. Conclusions. Interscientific paradigmal dimension allows to systematize the directions of evolution of scientific views on the phenomenon of personality from the position of different spheres of scientific knowledge. Through humanitarian paradigmatic dimension the person is presented as a creative personality within phenomenological hermeneutics; in the context of discursive technologies of personality self-projection, the possession of which becomes an important condition of its successful creative self-realization. The creative personality in the context of the subject-value dimension acts as a bearer of cultural values as the works of spiritual culture. Culturological research of personality in its basic - activity-creative paradigmatic dimension allows to consider the creative personality through creative activity, on the basis of which reincarnation of the personality himself into the subject of culturecreativity takes place.

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МАРГІНАЛЬНА ОСОБИСТІСТЬ У СУЧАСНОМУ КУЛЬТУРНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ

Author(s): Svetlana E. MARTYNOVA / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of the article. The article examines a marginal personality not as a deviant or borderline individual, but a person who transcends to a certain anthropological border. First of all, the emphasis is on social needs and Ukrainian identity. It is concluded that the marginal, by the very fact of its existence, is faced with a choice, since it is on the border of several wholes. The question of freedom of choice determines, in turn, freedom of action. It is an action that allows the marginal to be different. Freedom of action is realized by means of creating one's own “I” in the world of consciousness and social reality. Only freedom of expression depends on the marginal in order to be different. Only in this case, all those opportunities, granted to him by his very marginal position, open up before him, endowing the person with the ability to go beyond the standardized, stereotyped framework. The purpose of the article is to explore the marginal personality in all the versatility of its manifestations. The methodology consists of the use of intro- and extra-perspective approaches in the study of a marginal personality in the modern cultural space. Scientific novelty. The phenomenon of marginality consists of the expansion of ontic origins as the basis of the individual's self-identification. Conclusions. The phenomenon of marginality is revealed as the basis of the individual's self-identification. The consonance of marginality to such categories as “alien”, “other” is shown, conditions that contribute to the creation of a marginal situation are determined and analyzed. In particular, the phenomenon of marginality has been investigated as a condition and consequence of sociocultural dynamics. The causal relationship also correlates with the functional significance of the phenomenon.

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INTERACTION OF GIFTED PERSONALITY WITH ARTISTIC CULTURE WITHIN THE CONDITIONS OF OPEN EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL SYSTEMS: EXPERT ANALYSIS

Author(s): Oksana Havelia / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the opportunities and prospects for the development of open educational and cultural systems in Ukraine, aimed at meeting the special cultural needs of gifted individuals. The methodology of the research is general scientific principles of systematization and generalization of the researched problem, as well as interdisciplinary approach, which allows to study the problem with wide involvement of scientific achievements from different fields of knowledge, including culturology, art history, theory and practice. socio-cultural activities. Methods of questionnaires, surveys and expert analysis of written documents and video courses revealed the peculiarities of the development of open educational and cultural systems. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify the features of the interaction of a gifted person with artistic culture, opportunities to activate its creative forces and intellectual abilities by engaging in open resources of education and culture. During the research, students of National Academy of Managerial Staff of Culture and Arts (Kyiv) were involved in working on the platforms "Coursera" and "Prometeus", after which their written feedback was analyzed. A survey of managers and specialists (hereinafter referred to as experts) working in the field of management, planning and development of artistic culture in Ukraine (2,100 respondent experts) was also conducted. The article presents the results of a study of the patterns of functioning of art (past, present and future) in the context of its impact on the cultural development of a gifted person; the possibilities of using the potential of open educational and cultural systems in order to meet the special cultural needs of a gifted person are analyzed. Conclusions. The results of the research work showed that in the process of interaction of a gifted person with art, there are certain problems in activating his creative forces and intellectual abilities, due to limited access to many types of artistic and creative activities in reality during quarantine. To this end, it is necessary to use the potential of open educational and cultural systems online, which contributes to the internalization and exteriorization of cultural values, meeting the cultural and artistic needs of the gifted individual in the structure of his professional activities and daily life; allows to more actively involve the young generation of Ukraine in virtual creativity, artistic design and modeling.

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Social Pedagogical Reflections in a Danish Version – Challenging an Individual Perspective in the Modern World

Author(s): Britta Nørgaard / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2018

In Denmark the understanding of social pedagogy has been changing over the last 100 years, particularly over the last 40 years. In my way of understanding social pedagogy I draw on multiple sources of inspiration. Theoretically, I am inspired by German social philosophy and German pedagogical traditions. In this article I want to show how some of these inspirations could be transformed into practice in a way that both the community and the individual benefit. Drawing upon three different conceptual models of social pedagogy, I will discuss that the pedagogical approach in combination with a social and philosophical approach have a broader ethical and human potential than former models. Social pedagogical work is based on many different values related to attitudes among professionals, related to community and community building, and related to relations and social interaction. This calls for reflections on the relation between the individual and the group, on concepts of the ‘other’, on education and professionalism.

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SAMOKONTROLA U FUNKCIJI PREDVIĐANJA INTERNALIZOVANOG I EKSTERNALIZOVANOG NASILNOG PONAŠANJA

Author(s): Gorjana Vujović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 1/2021

The importance of studying the concept of self-control, as one of the mechanisms of adaptation, is especially recognized in the field of controlling various forms of socially unacceptable behaviors, and thus violent behavior. The research was conducted with the aim to explore the predictive power of self-control in the context of internalized and externalized violent behavior. The sample was 385 final-grade high school students. As the measuring instruments, the self-control scale as well as the scale for examining the frequency of manifested internalized and externalized violent behavior have been used. Linear regression analysis has been applied. Results show that dimensions of self-control Healthy habits (β= -0.331), Deliberate (β= -0.183), Reliability (β= -0.130) and General capacity for self-discipline (β= -0.135) significantly predicts internalized violent behavior, dimensions Healthy habits (β=-0.285) and General capacity for self-discipline (β= -0.141) predicts externalized violent behavior. The importance of the concept of self-control for understanding behavior has been reaffirmed, by emphasizing the manifestation of internalized and externalized violent behavior.

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THE EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON MATERIALISM AND COMPULSIVE BUYING

Author(s): Beata ŠEINAUSKIENĖ,Aušra Rūtelionė,Asta TARUTĖ,Shahrokh Nikou,Rosita Lekavičienė / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Drawing on the escape theory, we propose that emotional intelligence is negatively linked to materialism and compulsive buying. Our research demonstrates that the ability to manage one's emotions is associated with lower levels of materialism and compulsive buying. We also show that materialism functions as the mechanism underlying the emotional intelligence – compulsive buying relationship. Similarly, the ability to understand one's emotions was found to be negatively related to compulsive buying. Contrary to expectations, the path between the understanding of one's emotions and materialism was found to be non-significant, suggesting that the link between emotional intelligence and materialism might not always be direct. As expected, materialism was positively linked to compulsive buying. Our research contributes to the relevant literature with a new antecedent of materialism, namely emotional intelligence.

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THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TEACHER–PUPIL INTERACTION IN THE RELATIONSHIP OF PUPIL TEMPERAMENT TO SELF-ESTEEM AND SCHOOL SUCCESS

Author(s): Slavica Šimić Šašić,Ana Šimunić,Mira Klarin / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The aim of this research was to examine the mediating role of teacher–pupil interaction in the relationship of temperament to self-esteem and school success among year-7 and year-8 elementary-school pupils in Croatia and Bosnia & Herzegovina (B&H). The assumptions on the contribution of the dimensions of temperament (self-control and negative affectivity) and teacher–pupil interaction (influence and proximity) in explaining pupils' self-esteem and school success were partially confirmed. Similar relationships among the measured variables were confirmed in both samples of pupils. Self-control, negative affectivity, and teacher proximity directly predicted self-esteem, while self-control indirectly predicted self-esteem through teacher proximity. Self-control and teacher proximity contributed directly to school success, and the indirect contribution of self-control to school success through teacher proximity was also significant. The results of this research indicate the importance of the direct contribution of children's temperaments to their self-esteem and school success, and of its indirect contribution through the quality of the interaction with their teacher.

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Does employment determine selfawareness of biases? Sociodemographic aspects of metacognitive self before and during COVID-19

Author(s): Marcin Brycz,Hanna Brycz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Two studies (study 1 n = 705, study 2 n = 263) were designed to investigate the importance of being employed vs. unemployed for self – awareness of biases (metacognitive self) before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic expectations that the age, level of education, place of residence (little or large town or huge city people live in) might impact metacognitive self were turned down via results of the pilot study (n = 78). On the contrary, two main studies showed the significant impact of being employed vs. unemployed on metacognitive self. COVID-19 pandemic times enhance the role of being employed for metacognition. Metacognitive – self growth was observed during pandemic. Results are explained in psychological and economic terms.

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