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SEXUAL DEVIATIONS IN PERCEPTION OF SOCIAL WORK

Author(s): Jana Novotná,Lucia Ludvig Cintulová,Pavol Beňo / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Introduction: Sexual deviations (or paraphilias) are multidisciplinary issues. To help these people there participate a wide range of professionals from various professions. Among the most prominent sexologists, psychologists and social workers are included. When working with paraphilliants, social work plays an irreplaceable role. Core: Paraphilias are a qualitative deviation of the structure of sexual motivational system. A multidisciplinary team participates on help to paraphilicians. Their goal is to help the client understand their deviation and learn to live with this disorder. This approach therefore aims to help the client improve the quality of their life and to protect society from sexual delinquency committed by some paraphilic individuals. Treatment of paraphilia is carried out within psychiatric care, both in the form of outpatient and constitutional forms. Institutional care for these clients is usually ordered by the court and is carried out at sexological departments of psychiatric facilities. A social worker plays an important role in the provision of benefits, empowers the client, encourages client’s reflection before starting treatment and significantly contributes to the client's own re-socialization. Conclusion: Social work is a field supporting reflexion of the life of paraphilia clients and its indispensable role is to re-socialize sexually deviant clients back into society.

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NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS AND THE LAW

Author(s): Michael M. COSTELLO,Steven J. SZYDLOWSKI / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Nosocomial infections, also known as Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), are patient infections that develop in a hospital or healthcare facility. The law can react to the occurrence of HAIs, primarily from the perspective of attempting to reduce the occurrence of HAIs. Core: In the US, the law deals with HAIs in three distinct ways, 1) Federal and state law requires that health care facilities report the diagnosis of HAIs and their occurrence may result in some withheld facility reimbursements; 2) Individual physicians may be subjected to medical staff governance sanctions or possible loss of employment, if the infection rates observed in their patients exceed certain threshold levels; 3) Healthcare facilities may be found civilly liable for failure to diagnose and treat HAIs, but holding facilities liable for the occurrence of HAIs is extremely difficult because of the need to prove causation and compensable injury.

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GROWING HIV EPIDEMIC IN SLOVAKIA: A CALL TO ACTION

Author(s): Nancy R. MARANGELLI / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: HIV continues to be one of the world’s most serious public health challenges. Historically, Slovakia is among one of the EU member states with the lowest number of HIV positive cases. However, now the Slovak Republic has been observing an upward trend in the last decade. The author provides some recommendations as to why increased inclusiveness of the LGBTQ+ communities and the Roma population will play a role in decreasing this upward trend. The author will also demonstrate the key role that healthcare managers and professionals play when communicating with and including these minority groups. This paper provides research gathered from the World Health Organization, The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and various peer-reviewed articles. Methods and Materials: This paper is a secondary source research study supplemented by assessment of HIV rates/prevalence in Slovakia and various published studies surrounding HIV prevalence in Central Europe

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THE SMOKING PROBLEM IN SLOVAKIA: STRATEGIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Author(s): Amanda Adamo / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality rates of individuals are on the rise due to the smoking epidemic world-wide. Cardiovascular, lung Cancer, and pulmonary disease are determinantal effects that can not only cause harm to the human body, but the environment as well. The consumption of smoking can also leave harmful effects on the environment and people around it. This research will attempt to classify the determinants of smoking, factors and innovation strategies needed to reduce the prevalence of smoking in Slovakia. Methods and Materials: This presentation is a secondary source research study accompanied by published research studies and assessments surrounding the Smoking problem in Slovakia. Conclusion: Research has indicated that the smoking problem in Slovakia is leading to implications and diminished health.

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IMPROVING ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: A REVIEW OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Author(s): Elizabeth STEELE / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: This paper outlines the current access of Mental Health services in two Central Eastern European countries, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Examining information from the World Health Organization and other peer-reviewed articles, the author outlines the current Mental health systems and identifies areas of improvement. Methods: This paper is a secondary resource on the access of Mental Health and the implications of stagnate change within Central Eastern Europe. Results: The governments of Slovakia and the Czech Republic should change their current mental health policy. These countries should also increase efforts to integrate mental health into the primary care setting, as well as increase documentation of available statistics for mental health professionals and future research opportunities. Conclusion: This research indicated that Slovakia, and Czech Republic struggle with up-todate documentation of mental health statistics, as well as financial viability of services.

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OBESITY PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR TEENAGE ADULTS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

Author(s): Justin Robinson / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: This research paper discusses the obesity problem affecting the younger population in Central and Eastern Europe. Through analyzing information from the World Health Organization (WHO) and other realizable sources, I will discuss the current and future prevention strategies with the potential health risk factors presented by being obese, and possible solution methods. Methods: This paper is a secondary resource of obesity in the younger adult population in Central and Eastern Europe, with strategies to decrease the effects on these individuals. Results: The Central and Eastern European countries Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland should expand the knowledge of assisting these younger adults in the importance of understanding healthy eating habits, as well as incorporating physical activity into their daily lifestyle.

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PROGRAM UPRAVLJANJA ANTIBIOTICIMA U JEDINICAMA INTENZIVNE NEGE

Author(s): Ana Sabo,Radmila Popović,Nataša M. Tomić-Petrović,Ljiljana Tomić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Introduction of antibiotics changed the course of serious bacterial infections, including sepsis. Core The prompt initiation of antibiotics to treat infections has been proven to reduce morbidity and save lives, with a recent example being the rapid administration of antibiotics in the management of sepsis. However, mortality of this patients is stil high, one of the reasons being improper use of antibacterials. Another consequence od improper use is rapid development of resistant bacteria, with introduction of post antibiotic era. Recently introduced hospital-based programs dedicated to improving antibiotic use, commonly referred to as “Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (ASPs)”, can both optimize the treatment of infections, reduce adverse events and decrease antibiotic resistance. However, the implementation of bacterial stewardship needs significant professional efforts, money and changes in managements of treatment of bacterial infections. In this work, the current use of antibiotics at ICU with the consequence is showed.

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POTREBA ZARIADENIA PRE DLHODOBO VENTILOVANÝCH PACIENTOV

Author(s): Miroslav PAĽUN,Mária Šramková / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: In this thesis I want to refer to the current problem of the patients, who are dependent on the respiration machine for life, most commonly patients with degenerative neurological diseases. After the treatment, rehabilitation and the clinical stabilization, these patients are sent home and after a short period of time their relatives are tired and seek help. The pressure is developed on the beds in ICU of the Anesthesiology and emergency medicine ward. However the ward has a problem to lay all of the recently resuscitated patients and cannot accomodate stabilized patients with a need for artificial respiratory support. Methods and Material: We would like to point out the current problem in Slovakia, which concerns patients of the respiratory apparatus with the lifelong dependancy. There is no place where they would be adequately treated at least during the time when the relatives need a break. We reached out to the public to find out their knowledge about the problem and then we statistically evaluated the outcome.

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BANÁLNY ? BAZOCELULÁRNY KARCINÓM V 21. STOROČÍ.

Author(s): Dušan Guba,M. PEKÁROVÁ,Jana SESTRIENKOVÁ / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: In their presentation, the authors deal with the most common present tumorous skin disease. They point out some certain parallels in the increasement of this diagnosis in our country and worldwide as well. Core: Based on more than 200 diagnosted and operated patients, with verified diagnosis of basal – cell carcinoma within two years of monitoring, they have compared the place of occurence, sex and age of the patients; as well the length of the time remaining between diagnostics up to the surgical resolution; which delay or perplex the final surgical performance, etc. According to the results over the last two years of cooperation, we may state quite a significant increase in diagnostics and in the performed surgical performances with the diagnose if basal – cell carcinoma. In correlation to some foreign resources we may confirm the increased occurence within periocular range, as well as in the locations of ear and thorax.

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VEREJNOZDRAVOTNÍCKE A DIAGNOSTICKÉ ASPEKTY TBC A HIV / TBC V SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKE

Author(s): Pavol Beňo,Ingrid Juhásová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Along with well known risk factors are: risk of exposure, progression to active tuberculosis (TB), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), unsuccessful treatment outcomes; emerging risk factors such socio-economic and behavioral aspects (soial factors) play a significant role in increasing the susceptibility to infection. Core: Microbiological cultivation diagnosis by classic older methods is time expensive, therefore it was developed worldwide efforts aimed at informing development of diagnostic methods for reducing the demand for screening and detection of of multi-drug resistant forms of TB (MDR TB, XDR TB). Introduced two new drugs from the Group of antituberkulotics. The authors report about the development and the techniques used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and its resistant forms.

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EDUKÁCIA PACIENTA S TBC. HROZBA MULTIREZISTENCIE PRI NEDODRŽANÍ LIEČBY

Author(s): Iveta PASTIERIKOVÁ,Viera VEINDLINGVÁ / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: We focused in our article on the education of patients with lung TB. In consideration of the raising an occurence of the lung TB at a marginal groups of the population (for example homeless people), the education about TB and a supervision above antituberculotic treatment is problematic. Core of Work: We record an increasing occurence the lung TB in the last years and namely the most severe forms – a multiresistance TB too. The severity of this form consist in its resistance for normally used the antituberculotic drugs. The occurence of these TB forms we recorded an increasing at the last time at our ward. These patient were uncooperative already at examination (homeless people, intoxicated by alcohol and other addictive drugs, aggressive patients, hygienic neglected), the cooperation with police was necessary to pacification of these patients first, and next the adequate treatment could be started. We arranged a transport the patients to the most special pulmonary hospital in Vyšné Hágy to restricted ward for compulsory treatment in custody, after agreement.

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UTICAJ FARMAKODINAMSKIH PARAMETARA NA SUDBINU ANTIBIOTIKA

Author(s): Stanislav Sabo,Aleksandra Krsmanović,Ana Tomas,Zdenko Tomić / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction. When treating bacterial infections, one of the most important things, the main stone in the treatment, is optimal dosing of antibiotic. Core In the past, pharmacokinetic parameters, mainly C max, T max were the only ones that determined dosing od antibiotics. In the last two decades it was recognised that pharmacodynamic parameters- way of killing the bacteria as well as the presence and duration of postantibiotic effect- significantly influence the dosing of antibiotics. The most important examples are ampicillin- semisynthetic penicillin, and cefaclor, second generation cefalosporine antibiotic. For cefaclor, during lounching, producers recommended longer than optimal period between the doses, without increasing the dose. As a consequence, rapir resistence developed, and cefaclor, otherwise good antibiotc, is being in the proces of withdrawing from the market.

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TELEOŠETROVATEĽSTVO – NÁZORY SESTIER NA NOVÚ MOŽNOSŤ OŠETROVANIA PACIENTA V 21. STOROČÍ

Author(s): J. MESZÁROŠOVÁ,J. Kristova,Z. Bachrata / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: The main idea of telenursing is the use of telecommunication and information technologies in the provision of nursing care "at a distance". The implementation of modern information technologies compensates for or complements the immediate contact between nurse and patient by telecontact. Telenurses could become part of an integrated health care system to determine its effectiveness and quality. Methodology and Material: The aim of the paper was to point out the benefits of telenursing, the main role of telenurse and to map the opinions of nurses about the implementation of telenursing in the Slovak Republic. In the intentions of the theoretical basis, methodological objectives and a research problem, the questionnaire method and its tool - a questionnaire of a subjective nature - were selected. The questionnaire was oriented towards finding the opinions of the nurses about telenursing and the possibilities of its implementation in nursing practice conditions in the SR. The research sample consisted of 582 nurses. In the processing and interpretation of the obtained data, simple frequencies (absolute and relative frequencies) were calculated. For the verification of hypotheses was used the statistical method multinomial regression of the dependent variable - the opinions of the nurses and the explanatory variables - their age, education and length of practice.

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HEMOSTÁZA A ZÁPAL. HAEMOSTASIS AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME

Author(s): Mária Šramková / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: The eternal theme of defending the body against external influences is still an interesting point in scientific interviews. STABILIZATION - a complex system of defense responses of the tissues of the organism to various types of insults: physical, chemical, metabolic, infection, immunological - passes through different stages from LIRS (SIRS) systemic inflammatory response syn. the war is going through an energy war with energy consumption. The purpose of inflammation is to eliminate the cause of irreversibly damaged tissue and to repair the tissue metabolism and function to a state of dynamic equilibrium under the cooperation of several systems: endothelium, leukocytes, thrombocytes, plasma coagulation system, complement (Beneš, 2014).

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DYSFAGIA W OPIECE I REHABILITACJI OSÓB NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNYCH

Author(s): Jerzy Rottermund,Andrzej Knapik,Agnieszka Hamerlińska,Aneta WARMUZ-WANCISIEWICZ / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Difficulties in proper food intake may occur at any age, and their cause may be a single problem, or a few, overlapping. A person with dysphagia has a problem with taking the food, keeping it in the mouth, forming the content in a bite of food (bolus), then transporting the food deep into the mouth to the throat and through the esophagus to the stomach. Core: Difficulty swallowing can occur on each of the mentioned sections of the digestive tract. Dysphagia, as a result of various dysfunctions may result in malnutrition and dehydration - dangerous for the proper functioning of the body. That is why it is so important for both caregivers and therapists to be ready to receive and swallow fluids and foods by the patients. Dysphagia accompanies sick and disabled people in many disease entities, sometimes there are several causes. Safe eating is a great challenge for both caregivers and teams of therapists who improve the health of people with eating difficulties.

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PROJEKT SIP – SOCIAL IMPACT OF PAIN

Author(s): Ľuboš MAZÚR,Miroslav FERENČÍK / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: SIP - or "Social impact of pain" is a project, an international platform that was created in 2009 by the EFIC (European Pain Federation). Core: The main tasks of this project are: 1. Raise awareness of the impact of chronic pain on our society, healthcare and the economy 2. Exchange of information and sharing of good practice in the treatment of chronic pain in all Member States of the European Union 3. Develop and support pan-European policy strategies and activities to improve pain management practices

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MANAŽÉRSKE ROZHODOVANIE, KOUČING A VEDENIE ĽUDÍ

Author(s): Katarina VALACHOVÁ-SUBYOVÁ,Michal Valach,Miroslav PAĽUN / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Coaching has become an important method in recent years, mainly used in management. Coaching came to the fore in the 90s of the last century. Nowadays, after vigorous innovations, coaching finds its application not only in the field of sport and management, but also in the field of counselling. Coaching is understood as a method, which helps us to lead the client to knowledge by means of asking thoughtful questions. From the etymological point of view, coaching, although in a different form as it is used today, has been known for over 2000 years with roots in the educational process. Methodology: The aim of this work is to explain the term coaching, which can be described as a way of managing and working with people, a way of thinking and living. It is the opposite of command and control, and the actors in the process of counselling, coach – client, are equal. To explain this concept, we used a method of analysis of professional literature focused on the issue of coaching, management and communication with people. For the processing of the research, we used the univariate analysis and the specific IBM SPSS program.

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POMOC POSKYTOVANÁ SENIOROM V DOMÁCOM PROSTREDÍ

Author(s): Zuzana Čermáková / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Presented work focuses on senior people home and family environment. It presentates how to help for seniors in their everyday lives and how to provide necessary care for them, especially in their home environment.The work also deals with seniors' family environment and its impact on their lives, and describes about the importance of self-support capability in the home environment.

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CHORZY POTRZEBUJĄ LEKARZA, A NIE LUDZIE ZDROWI (POR. ŁK 5,31-32)

Author(s): Bogdan Zbroja / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Saint Luke uttered an important statement that sick people need a doctor, not healthy people. Today, many people do not respect such an attitude, but they do the opposite Core: Exegesis of a small fragment of the text of the Gospel of Saint. Luke will allow a better look at biblical wisdom, and the fact that today many sick people do not go to the doctor, although common sense tells them. We also have people who unnecessarily physicians bother, although they are not sick at all, but as hypochondriacs, they torture doctors with their imaginary diseases. There are also people who heal themselves using the "doctor google" advice.

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NÁRODNÍ KOORDINAČNÍ CENTRUM PRO VZÁCNÁ ONEMOCNĚNÍ – VÝSLEDKY PROJEKTU NF-CZ11-PDP-3-003-2014

Author(s): I. Funková / Language(s): English,Czech Issue: Suppl./2018

Introduction: Rare diseases (RDs) constitute a group of diseases characterised by a low prevalence in the population. The typical figure is 5 patients among 10,000 individuals. Rare diseases are chronic, progressive, and have unfavourable prognoses. They are very heterogeneous, and so one must (i) have a specific idea, (ii) identify the disease, (iii) help, and (iv) get the funds (this is known as the '4P' principle in Czech because of the alliteration of the terms.) Over 8,000 rare diseases exist, but only 200 of them are on the ICD-10 list (orpha.net). The number of RD patients is estimated at some 20,000 in the Czech Republic. RDs are very frequently present at birth; they may be present in 4–5 % of newborns and babies. Such RDs include mainly metabolic disorders, genetic syndromes, and rare tumours. About 80 % RDs are due to highly penetrant mutations; the remaining RDs are multifactorial or are caused by epigenetic environmental effects, and their pathogenesis is often unknown.

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