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From 24 years Poland gives shelter to refugees under the Geneva Convention of 1951 on refugee status and under the New York Protocol of 1967. Due to globalization, which causes mass migration, more and more immigrants come to Poland searching of safety and better living conditions. This article aims to reflect on the question of whether Polish teacher is prepared to work with the alien minors in school and whether it has cultural and intercultural competences. The article consists of two parts. In the first part the analysis of statistical data concerning the number of foreign pupils in Polish schools (divided into provinces) was done from the school year 2001/2002 to 2013/2014. This part also consists of law regulations knowledge associated with the education of the “Culturally different” children in the other cultural and educational institutions in Poland. The second part consists of characteristics of the teachers’ and headmasters’ competence and the difficulties they encounter in their work. In this part has been cited partial results of research based on qualitative interviews conducted by the author in 2011–2014 with teachers who teach foreign children in schools in Warsaw. It was also given an example of "good practice" schools that have developed their own methods of working with the immigrant students.
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It is possible to measure values and religiosity of population through imagination and behaviour of individuals. The study is based on the result of Aufbruch research from Central and Eastern Europe. Values of religiosity are divided into three dimensions, namely personal religiosity, contents of faith and relationship with the Church. This is why the figures can be helpful when it comes to direction of priorities of pastoral theology in Slovakia.
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The article considers the values of selectivity of the younger generation in the sphere of literature and audiovisual means. The conclusion is drawn that interests of students in the sphere of art culture give an idea of «the Russian world» picture.
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The Czech insurance market has recently undergone major changes related mainly to the accession of the EU by the Czech Republic. It has become part of the Single European insurance market. This resulted in a stronger influence of globalisation and increased competition between subjects on the insurance market. One of the most important actors on the insurance market is commercial insurance companies. Their activities have a significant influence on the insurance market. It is the effort of the insurance companies to adapt to constantly changing conditions and growing competition. Therefore, it is important for them to pay attention to and seek ways of increasing their efficiency. Our aim is to find out whether different groups of commercial insurance companies in the Czech Republic created according to their size have a statistically significant different average score of technical efficiency and whether the group of the largest insurance companies achieves the highest average score of technical efficiency and the group of the smallest commercial insurance companies achieves the lowest average score of technical efficiency. The score of technical efficiency is expressed by the non-parametric method of assessing efficiency – Data envelopment analysis. This method is based on linear programming and models analyze the efficiency of transformation of multiple inputs into multiple outputs. Regression was used to determine dependence between the score of technical efficiency and selected indicators of size. As the values of the scores of technical efficiency are in the range , Tobit regression was used. In addition to these methods we used also: literature systematisation, comparative analysis, expert survey. By the Tobit regression, expression of the score of technical efficiency and regression analysis we concluded that "the number of insurance contracts" is important in terms of achieving efficiency. Insurance companies in the group with the highest number of insurance contracts achieved the highest average score of technical efficiency, but the group of the smallest commercial insurance companies did not reach the lowest average score of technical efficiency. Parameters of Tobit regression in each group for the indicator "number of employees" were statistically insignificant. Therefore, the number of insurance contracts is regarded as a more significant indicator in terms of efficiency of insurance companies.
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The aim of the research was to determine consumer perceptions of food products regarding the knowledge about the product’s origin and the potential impact on the sensorical evaluation of other product properties. The research results represent a deeper investigation of the impact of origin on consumer perceptions. An integrated approach to the research of impacts of product origin was chosen in order to form interlinks between knowledge about product origin and its other sensorical properties.
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The term “corporate social responsibility” became popular in the 1960s and has remained a term used indiscriminately by many to cover legal and moral responsibility more narrowly construed (De George, Richard T, 2011, p.121). Nowadays, with the development of Chinese economy, this concept has been accepted by Chinese. Especially from the beginning of the 21st century, Chinese government and companies pay more and more attention on CSR. They have made some laws and regulations on CSR and social responsibility information disclosure (SRID). This paper tries to find the influential factors of SRID in China from companies themselves. As we know, external causes become operative through internal causes, but internal causes contribute to the principal aspect. As a result, we found that LA( logAsset), ROA( Return on Assets), ROE( Rate of Return on Common Stockholders’ Equity), CR( Current Ratio), LR( Liability-assets Ratio), PE( P/ E ratios) are the internal factors of SRID in China. In order to look for these factors, this study uses correlation analysis and multiple variables linear regression analysis.
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The aim of this article is to present the possibility of the organization of situations conducive to cooperation between pupils of early school age. In various parts of the article the following will be discussed: teacher-tutoring, and peer-tutoring in the Polish education system. The project Academic Center of Creativity will be presented. This project was carried out by the research team at the Department of Didactics and Studies in the Culture of Education, Kazimierz Wielki University. The main objective of the project was to develop (testing and popularization) of an innovative work model for teachers/students with the student based on Lev Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory. The re- search was carried out among the students of the first stage of education in grades I–III five “school exercise” located in Kujawsko-Pomorskie. The main part of the project ACK was a teaching experiment, during which observations were made, the activity of individual students and their participation in activities (group) was analyzed in four areas: language, mathematics, science, and art. Owing to the multi-stage project, in the article emphasis was put on the practical aspect of the experiment, which was the organization of the classroom culture as a social learning environment. During this process two forms of peer interaction were initiated: learning in collaboration and peer-tutoring. We analyzed: the preparation phase conditions stimulating cooperation, the stages of development of collaborative learning and peer-tutoring, the benefits of collaboration and peer-tutoring (same-age peer-tutoring, cross-age peer-tutoring) among students of early childhood education.
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Relatively new approach toward investing is to concern pieces of art as investment instrument or collateral. In order to decide whether art is a good investment, it is necessary to evaluate expected returns, which might be obtained from such investment thus an art price index should be developed. The aim of the paper is to discuss artworks as investment assets and evaluate price index of paintings produced by 11 Polish artists whose artworks were traded the most often on auctions that held in Poland in the years 2007-2010. In our research, employing data concerning 750 objects, we apply hedonic index methodology to estimate returns from the paintings market. Our results justify the opinion that art can be treated as safe asset class, especially in comparison to equity market.
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The aim of this article is to assess the situation of women on the labor market in Poland compared to the European Union countries. In the first step were analysed selected characteristics of the labor market of women. Two ranking were prepared using method of zero unitarization. The first is focused on the year 2004 and the moment of entry of Poland into the EU, while the second one is showing the classification of the EU countries a decade later. In the next step, using the synthetic measure, were identified typological groups of countries with a similar situation of women on the labor market. The study showed significant improvement in our country in 2014, in terms of the situation of women in the labor market. Employment rates increased, indicators of unemployment were reduced, particularly long-term and among young women.
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Analysis of the policy mix is presented using a noncooperative game and a macroeconomic model formulated on the basis of the New Neoclassical Synthesis concept. The game describes interactions of the fiscal and monetary authorities. The model has been estimated for the Poland in 2000–2014. Simulations have been made using the model and the constructed computer based system calculating payoffs of the game. The fiscal and monetary policies alternative to the historical ones are shown and analyzed. The best response strategies and the Nash equilibria are derived and discussed.
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The aim of this paper is presenting the situation of the labor market in the European Union after the crisis in 2008 and the comparison of the labor market situation in Kosovo in 2014. In the light of modern economic crisis, it is worth to analyze the development of the situation on the labor markets in the EU and in selected countries of the world since 2008. This allows to examine changes in the level of employment under the influence of both the dynamics of the recession and the antirecession policies used. The level of unemployment is closely linked to the dynamics of GDP. Recorded in the EU and in other countries of the world, increase of the unemployment rate from 2008 confirms the strong interdependence f these indicators. To sum up the situation on the European labor market, it is worth noting that the progressive process of increasing the flexibility of the labor market favors the competitiveness of the economies of the European Union. This does not mean, however, that as a result of the changes observed do not appear negative effects (e.g. Spain). It therefore appears necessary to further reduce barriers to movement of labor and services within the European Union and the use clearly positive experiences of labor market reforms.
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The current study assessed the ongoing English Language Teacher Trainee Programme at Uludag University from the teacher trainees’ point of view. The study aimed to reveal if the teaching skills courses and the general knowledge courses contribute to their goals. Participants were 30 first to fourth year students in the English Language Teaching Programme at Uludag University. Data were conducted by the help of a questionnaire that included three criteria: (1) the importance of the lessons in the learning experience, (2) the contribution of the lessons in the career, (3) the usefulness of the lessons in the personal development. Results revealed that the programme to a great extent doesn’t meet the teacher trainees’ needs and interests. The indicators pointed out that the students need to feel that the programme is important for their professional training, and also they should see that the programme helps them in achieving their goals and is a source of good practical information.
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The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between attitude and first language attrition, defined as the non-pathological decrease in a language that had previously been acquired by an individual. The studies on L2 acquisition have shown the strong impact of attitudes, motivations and other affective factors on linguistic learning. This dissertation, therefore, hypothesizes that attitude has a decisive influence on language attrition and maintenance. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been employed during the process of data-gathering. We used Personal Language Attitude Questionnaire for Bilinguals (PLAQ-B) developed by our research team to assess the attitudes of 134 adolescents’ attitude towards their first language. Finally, Think Aloud Protocol was applied to 14 participants to learn more about the reasons of attrition and to validate all the information obtained from the questionnaire and the tasks. The results have shown that there is a significant correlation between attitude , motivation and such variables as language maintenance, language choice.
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The aim of this article was to evaluate the changes in the field of social capital, which took place in Poland during the last decade. The evaluation was basing on a set of the values and attitudes selected with reference to existing methodology, relating to one’s relationships with other members of community and with chosen institutions. As a part of conclusion, the areas of strengthening of social capital and problematic phenomenon were identified.
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The article is an attempt at determining the impact of the global economic crisis on the effects of the functioning of selected special economic zones (SEZ) in Poland. The study involved four SEZs functioning in the northern and north-western macro-regions (NUTS 1). The article includes analyses of alterations in e.g. the number of valid permits for conducting economic activities in the zones, the investment expenditures incurred by entrepreneurs or the employment rate. The research period spans from 2005 to 2013.
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The article is a voice in discussion about the role that the Internet plays in buying behavior of contemporary consumers. In the area of communication between people, the Internet proved to be a real revolution. It entered all areas of human life quickly, including the purchase-sale transaction. In the article were presented reviews and opinions of e-consumers from Belgium, France, Poland and Slovakia about ways of shopping on-line in their countries. The research results show, that opinions and judgements of consumers from European countries about ways of shopping on-line are getting similar. Internet as a place of purchasing goods and services is trusted by the consumers, however they do not forget about the risk, which they must bear while shopping on-line.
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The aim of the article is to discuss the issues of passive safety in railway vehicles. Current design of the elements absorbing collision energy is presented. Basic functions performed by passive safety systems are indicated and the source of the applicable regulations is discussed. Crash scenarios are listed and the basic criteria for vehicle structure assessment are discussed. Some solutions of passive safety systems used in selected types of locomotives and multiple units are presented
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The aim of the article is to present the issues related to the construction and principles of operation of braking systems used in railroad and tramway vehicles, paying attention to aspects of safety, achieving appropriate braking performance and wheel to rail adhesion. The article is a theoretical introduction to the applied solutions and requirements for braking systems in rail vehicles together with systems supporting the operation of brakes.
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This work aims to identify the main elements and interdependencies of the evolutionary development mechanism that constitutethe basis of and framework for its functioning, and which distinguish it from neoclassical growth models. These elements arediversification and differentiation, continuity of operation, and adaptability to shock. They combine, in one scientific rese-arch program paradigm, various concepts and theories classified as evolutionary economics. They also determine the modeof operation of the engines of development – selection and innovation, their interactions and interdependencies, and theframework for empirical research – currently the main method and direction of development of the evolutionary economy.
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