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Státuszelérés, társas támogatás, társadalmi törésvonalak

Author(s): Zoltán Kmetty,Júlia Anna Koltai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2016

The role of social networks in social integration can be diverse. They can help the attainment of different statuses; prevent someone from social exclusion through social support; or help the macro integration of the society through the bounding of different and distant groups. In this paper, we examine how the different network aspects (and the methods that measure these dimensions) correlate with the integration on micro- and macro level. Based on the name-generator, position-generator and summation method, six network indicators were defined. Based on these indicators, we created a network milieu typology that contained seven groups. Correlations of status attainment, social support and macro-level integration with the milieu typology were analysed via regression models. Our results have two main implications. On the one hand, the vertical aspects of the network dimensions seem more important than the horizontal ones. On the other hand, core ties seem to be the most relevant parts of the networks in all measured dimensions. These results strengthen our point, as the most important aspect of integration in present Hungarian society is the strong core network.

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A szegénység újratermelődése: A struktúrától a kultúráig, és vissza

Author(s): Béla Janky / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2016

This non-comprehensive (review) essay focuses on the relationship between cultural traits and economic integration of social groups living in deep poverty. My argument relies on the contemporary cultural theories of American sociology. I suggest that current public and scientific discourses tend to adopt a narrow interpretation of culture. False but popular beliefs in the power of cultural forces defined in this narrow way could support harmful measures and policies. However, a more comprehensive concept of culture could lay the ground for fruitful investigations of economically relevant cultural effects. I conclude that in order to understand the reproduction of poverty better, sociologists should not shy away from the investigation of the roles of cultural traits but should refuse simplistic concepts of, and theories about culture.

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Information channels effectiveness assessment on the basis of data from statistical survey

Author(s): Milan Terek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The paper deals with the possibilities of using the data from statistical survey for information channels effectiveness assessment in the case when the same information is provided by more different information channels to different groups of people in the framework of one time period. The association between two categorical variables is analyzed. Values of the first variable represent information channels and values of second one represent different groups of people obtaining information through these information channels. The procedure of information channels effectiveness assessment for different groups of people is suggested. The proposed procedure is applied in information flows about academic ethics improvement at one Slovak university.

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Lokalni mediji u Vojvodini kao mediji civilnog društva?

Author(s): Miroslav Todorović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 17/2010

Cultural and etnical diversity are the main characteristics of media scene in Vojvodina. Existence of a large number of local media is a great wealth, but it should also produce a commitment to on-going and so far incomplete process of ownership and structural transformation. The abolition of state tutelage, in this case that of the local authorities, over the media they founded represents good practice of democratic societies. The privatization of local media was delayed from the start, then implemented (along with numerous irregularities) in a number of local houses, and in the end due to public pressure and the (local) political factors, through new regulations under the Law on Local Self-Government in 2007, it was finally stopped. The current situation could be dealt with more active use of legal means of Broadcasting Act, Article 95, which provides the establishment or transformation of existing local media stations into the civil sector media. The civil society media represent completely missed chance of local media, minority communities and NGOs. We will briefly present the theoretical framework of the community media, an alternative media option under which the civil sector station can be generalized. In this paper we focus on the local broadcasting media in Vojvodina. The experience of the founders of RTV Victoria from Vršac, the first station of the civil sector in the Province, is very valuable. To start the process of transformation of local media in the civil society media takes a lot of work to inform the public, to strengthen civil society and institutional support. Support to these media in the inevitable process of digitization and adapting to new social circumstances can provide a significant use of new technologies whose convergence, fusion with traditional media, potentially allows for greater independence and accessibility, as well as easier citizens’ participation in creating the program. The title of the paper tells about insecure future of local community media, because until now there is incomprehensible non-use of the legal possibilities for transformation and the establishment of local media. The conclusion and an appeal is that multi-language and civil society media in Vojvodina in the future has to be a road taken more often.

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Defining and measuring financial literacy. New evidence from Romanian’ students of the master in finance

Author(s): Dumitru-Cristian Oanea,Adina Dornean / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

This paper aims at defining and measuring financial literacy. The first objective of defining financial literacy was accomplished through reviewing the literature, finding the definition of these two concepts, “financial” and “literacy”, for a better understanding of meanings of these two concepts. This study surveys 200 students from the Master in Finance, at several Faculties of Economics and Business Administration from Romania (Bucharest, Braşov, Cluj, Craiova, Iași). The results that we obtained show that the participants correctly answered at 74.79% of questions. Our study’s results indicate that male students have a higher level of literacy related to personal finance than female students. Also, the survey shows that 75% of economist students from Romania have a medium to high level of financial literacy, but only 48.8% have a high level of financial literacy

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The Return of the Ethnic? Multiculturalism from an Ethnic Minority Perspective

Author(s): Krisztina Rácz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

This article discusses theories of multiculturalism and ethnicity in light of the ethnic identification of minority youth. Namely, even though the primordialism vs. constructivism debate has led to an agreement about seeing ethnic identities as situational and strategic, often for members of ethnic minorities, including young people living in multiethnic environments, ethnic identities seem stable and salient. Relying on the case study of young Hungarian people in Serbia, the article argues that it is the minority status and the institutional setup building on ethnic divisions as the main social frame that make ethnic identities marked. Therefore I connect the case of Vojvodina Hungarian youth to more general debates on the multiethnicy, ethnic belonging and minority status.

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Personalne i kontekstualne determinante stavova prema imigrantima

Author(s): Boban Petrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2016

The issues of immigrants and attitudes towards immigrants are an important social issue in our country, and in recent years these issues have become more topical due to the large number of immigrants from the Middle East and Africa who pass through Serbia. This research was aimed at identifying the determinants of social attitudes towards immigrants. Contextual determinants, first of all, economic security and life in a multiethnic environment, as well as individual determinants, operationalized through the HEXACO model of personality, were examined. The research was conducted on the convenience sample of 540 participants. The results have shown that economic security has no direct effect on the attitudes towards immigrants, while the multiethnic environment is an important determinant of these attitudes. Personality traits, especially Openness, as well as Honesty- Humility, have better predictive power than the contextual variables. The factors of economic security are significant moderators of the relationship between personality and attitudes towards immigrants. The importance of the obtained results for understanding the formation of attitudes towards immigrants is discussed, as well as the methodological framework for future studies of attitudes towards immigrants and other social groups.

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Tretman Roma u štampanim medijima u Srbiji

Author(s): Nataša Simenunović-Bajić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/2009

Most texts with themes about Roma are revealed in daily newspaper Danas, Glas Javnosti and Kurir and least number of texts Blic. Only Danas informs about eventual consequences of some acts and decisions. We can not see any betterment in treating differences in print media Kurir and Glas Javnosti. Promoting the premises that Roma have different culture, different mentality and different formulas of behavior, that are not in accordance with norms of majority is also present. Kurir published the most discriminatory texts, but Glas Javnosti is only one step after. Kurir is distributing stereotypes which are ghettoizing Roma, and contrary to that pays little attention to events in which Roma are victims, as it is case with racist insults and words of resentment.

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Lokalni višejezični radio u Vojvodini

Author(s): Dejan Pralica / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2008

This paper presents a case study based upon the examples of Vojvodina’s local radio stations’ transformation, whose founders are local municipalities, and whose programs are also broadcast in the languages of national minorities (Hungarian, Slovak, Romanian, Roma and Ruthanian). The research comprised the following radio stations: „Multiradi” – Novi Sad, Radio „Subotica” – Subotica, Radio „Zrenjanin” – Zrenjanin, Radio „Stara Pazova” – Stara Pazova i Radio „OK” – Kovacica. The biggest problem in getting licences and privatization of these stations was putting more programs on one frequency and (un)interest of the future owners to maintain multilingual stations.

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Transitions Online_Around the Bloc-Speculations Surround Bolshoi Postponement of Nureyev Ballet

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 07/18/2017

Last minute rescheduling of premiere could be connected to its controversial hero, a gay Russian dancer who defected to the West during the Cold War.

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Transitions Online_Around the Bloc-Movie Cancellations at Armenian Film Festival Spark Controversy Over Gay Rights

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 07/18/2017

Golden Apricot drew criticism after cancelling entire slate of films that included two films on LGBT themes.

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Konceptualizacija i merenje diverziteta

Author(s): Biljana Vitković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 7/2008

New media culture, marked mainly by trends in demassification, shows its positive and negative consequences. Media are focusing on smaller segments of mass audience hoping to spend less money on a well targeted message. This trend has started in magazines intended for some parts of mass audience (fans of nature, sports, science and technology, astrology, cooking...), and spread even more with cable television with a number of specialized channels. What is achieved by this? On one hand, we have less media with general content and on the other hand, we loose cultural values since overarching media provide audience with content otherwise unavailable. Radical change of media market in the last three decades will be illustrated in this paper, accompanied with the description of media trends that followed and with overviews of video programme market expansion to cable and satellite television and launching of new magazines to suit different interest catagetoris. Further, the paper will provide an overview of good and bad manifestations of media diversity and audience demassification, with an attempt to integrate different theoretical perspectives and a number of empirical findings reached by relevant experts in their research. The paper gives a list of methods available for analysis of diversity and parameters for quantitative measurement of state and effects in occurrence and development of media diversity, one of which is the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The conclusion will point to the future pace of fragmentation and specialisation of media and audience segmentation and it will propose optimal solutions that should be a primary aim of public policy in improving and sustaining media diversity; namely concrete strategies for promoting innovations and diversity among commercial media.

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Social and Emotional Competence

Author(s): Anikó Zsolnai / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The study of social competence is one of the most important areas of research into human social behaviour. The paper discusses and analyses the achievements of past research on social competence from a pedagogical perspective. First, the concept and content of social competence are defined, and next, the components of emotional competence and their functions are discussed as important factors in the operation of social competence. This is followed by an analysis of social skills and abilities and a description of measurement practices. Finally, a discussion of methods used to foster social skills and abilities concludes the paper.

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The Representation of Minorities in Contemporary Croatian Film

Author(s): Krunoslav Lučić / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2016

This paper focuses on the cultural stereotypes and various ethnic and sexual minorities in Croatian narrative film since 1990. Because 1990 marks a crucial break in the history of the Croatian cultural identity and the ethnicities of former Yugoslavia, the representation of minorities in the context of war and the postwar setting is an important indicator of transformation in the new society, and a gauge for observing its confrontation with a conflicted national heritage. The principal thesis establishes that the new society attempts to articulate its own identity through filmic representation, by negotiating diverse minority identities, which it ultimately conceives as a threat and a non-essential component, unable to be incorporated in the new social order. However, through exploring themes that were silenced prior to 2000, contemporary films give minorities a new voice and a strong visual path to recognition, which goes far beyond the previous stereotyped portrayals. In the period since 1990, a range of Croatian films has dealt with primarily ethnic/national minorities. Two trends are visible in this regard: an ethnic minority (particularly Serbian) that struggles for recognition in the context of war (e.g. in Vinko Brešan’s 2003 film Witnesses) or other ethnic minorities in the postwar context (e.g. an Asian child in Ognjen Sviličić’s 2004 film Sorry for Kung Fu). These two aspects often entwine, like in the film Fine Dead Girls (2002) by Dalibor Matanić, where a lesbian couple fights for recognition in a postwar Zagreb saturated with intolerance and war trauma.

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CUDZOZIEMIEC

Author(s): Dobrosław Kot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

In his complex philosophical output, the late Cezary Wodziński (died in 2016) repeatedly reflected on the figures of ‘stranger,’ or ‘foreigner,’ emphasizing their fundamental importance to the understanding of the problem of man. Among the figures of ‘stranger’ discussed by Wodziński was the Russian fool for Christ (yurodivy). To the yurodivy, the world with all its worldliness was not his homeland. His unsettling, unworldly behaviour was often perceived as blasphemous, offensive or foolish. At the same time, the fool for Christ provoked others to change their mentalities and transform their lives. He challenged their complacency and their sense of being at home, forcing them out of their worldliness. Wodziński reflected also on the figure of Odysseus who, on his return to Ithaca after a years long peregrination, played the role of a stranger, appearing secretly, disguised as an old man. Thus the king of Ithaca (the host) pretended to be a stranger (a guest) in order to identify those who were capable of showing hospitality. Both figures of ‘stranger’ reveal the paradox of hospitality, as well as the unbearable tension between being and not being ‘at home.’ According to Wodziński, these are not two different modes of existence, but two faces of the same condition: while being at home, one is simultaneously a stranger, one’s land is in fact a foreign land, and one’s rights to it may be questioned. The reflections put forward in the article attempt to follow the paths of Cezary Wodziński’s thought expressed in his project of apophatic anthropology spanning both ancient Greece and Russia.

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Wspólnota demokratyczna a wykluczenie

Author(s): Weronika Żybura / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

The aim of the article is to point out the mechanisms of exclusion in the conceptual basis of liberal democracy. The first part discusses the concept of the political agent, citizenship and public discourse and brings the explanations why these categories could be discriminating for women. In the second part text considers the question if the non-exclusive public community could be theoretically possible. Invoking the concept of communicative democracy open to the category of difference author proposes some premises and strategies for implementation in order to make women’s participation in the political community more equal.

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The third space of civil activity

Author(s): Maria Mendel,Agata Wiza / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2015

The text invites the reader to reflect upon civil activity taken in unexpected places and forms, and going beyond its conventional notions. The first thesis put forward is that members of isolated homogeneous communities (young people in particular) rather than evading civil activity practise civil idleness, much in line with what society expects of them. From this stems our next thesis, which prompts to seek civil activity somewhere else.

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Turysta, włóczęga, wycieczkowicz: stosunek do idei narodowej jako wyznacznik statusu

Author(s): Anna Broda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationships between the place of the individual in the social hierarchy and their relationship to the national idea. Theoretical basis is Zygmunt Bauman's thesis on the division of the modern world for “tourists” and “vagabonds”. We follow these two groups since pre-modern history till today. We look at their ideological competitors: citizens and nationalists. The conclusion is the necessity to introduce an additional category – “tripper”, and also instability of the main division in modern culture of consumption (tourist – vagabond – tripper) as well as the possibility of return of the old identities (nationalist – citizen).

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Becoming an inpatient: a symbolic-interactionist study in a polish hospital

Author(s): Bożena Kędzior / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2015

This paper presents the results of a study that aimed to reconstruct the identity changes in the process of becoming an inpatient in a hospital. The notion of identity moves the focus of the study within a hospital away from the functionalist perspective and allows to center on the biographical disruption at the onset of chronic illness. Intersected with the concept of becoming a hospital inmate it illustrates a primary interactionist concern of structure-interaction reciprocity. In first step author presents the classical writings on hospitals and then attempts to reconstruct the illness narratives by employing the theoretical framework of interpretative sociology and the Łódź School of Qualitative Sociology.

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Antipotčinjavajuća praksa u ostvarivanju prava na novčanu socijalnu pomoć – prepreke i mogućnosti

Author(s): Suzana Mihajlović Babić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 17/2017

Shifting the focus from an individual to the structural causes of poverty creation and maintenance is present in the recent decades. in this process, a key role is played by social services which are in direct contact with clients and which have the task to improve their position in society. The main claim of this paper is that the current national system of social assistance in Serbia creates and maintains the oppressive practice in work with poor clients. The objectives of this article are: analysis of the mechanism to exercise the right to cash benefits, from the submission to approval of the request; systematization and analysis of the institutional and systemic obstacles to exercising the right to financial social assistance; detection of oppressive practice elements in the welfare centres and in their work with the poor. Findings indicate that there are multiple obstacles on relations system-client and social worker-client that prevent the use of anti-oppressive practice in practice.

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