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Vztah korupčního jednání a státního aparátu

Author(s): Petr Krčál,Vladimír Naxera / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2015

The article deals with the phenomenon of political corruption. Political corruption is dominantly perceived as a potential threat for the stability of state apparatus. We try to present a different point of view on this phenomenon. Our concern is to provide an explanation of corruption through the mutual relation between corruption and state apparatus. From this point of view corruption can represent a possible (and sometimes useful) strategy of acting in particular social fields. We call this strategy “habitus of corruption”. This article should serve as a summary study of the phenomenon of political corruption as well as a possible source of theoretical and methodological inspiration in the field of study of corruption. The last goal of this paper is to demonstrate the suitability of an interdisciplinary approach in social sciences.

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Facebook prijatelji kao pokazatelj strukturnih dimenzija društvenog kapitala mladih u Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Krešimir Krolo / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

The topic of this article is the analysis of the role of the Facebook online social network as a predictor of the social capital structural dimensions of youth in Croatia. The theoretical part of the paper has connected specific dimensions of social capital that stem from the work of Robert D. Putnam with the insights from the research of the new media use among youth. Based on that overview,a methodological framework was constructed containing measures of structural dimensions of offline and online social capital (bonding social capital, bridging social capital, and participation in civic activities), as well as modes and intensity of online social networks use. Data was collected by an online survey in 2012on a convenience sample (N=577) using the snowball method. Data analyses included bivariate and multivariate procedures that were employed to explore the relevance of Facebook friends – together with other characteristics of online social networks use – in accounting for structural dimensions of the social capital of youth in Croatia. Results showed that the number of friends on Facebook is positively associated with online participatory practices of youth as well as with online bridging social capital. That points to two attributes of Facebook friends as an indicator of the social capital of Croatian youth. The first highlights the relationship of civic activism and Facebook as a more flexible form of social engagement compared to classical forms of institutional and organizational engagement(membership in non-governmental organizations). The other emphasizes the role of Facebook as a medium that connects individuals outside their local contextual limitations. Both of those attributes are indicative not only of how communication is being carried out in cyberspace, but also how different forms of social capital are being accumulated in the »digital« society.

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УСТОЙЧИВЫЙ ТУРИЗМ КАК МЕХАНИЗМ РАЗВИТИЯ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТИ

Author(s): Maria Aleksandrova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

Currently in the era of globalization in today's rapidly developing world has the greatest development of international tourism, due to the numerous travels around the world committed by people of different cultures increasingly acute question of peaceful coexistence and interaction of representatives of different cultures. To date, the issues of tolerance and development perspectives of international tourism not only discussed at the state level, but many researchers are interested in data mining problems. However, to date little is known of the impact of tourism on the development of individual tolerance attitudes in relation to the development of tourism mobility, while the presence or absence of these plants can have a profound interaction on the further development of international tourism.The analysis of the theoretical aspects of the relationship of tolerance and tourism is the main task of this work. The urgency of work due to increased trends of sustainable development in the tourism sector that is not only a mechanism for the development of the world economy, but also a tool of personality development. The article analyzes the relationship between tourism activity and the development of tolerance, without which the existence of civilized society, the necessity of formation and development of tolerant consciousness in the context of globalization and rapid development of international tourism, as the inherent properties of both processes.

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ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНА СОЦИАЛНА ОТГОВОРНОСТ ПРИ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА ЗЕЛЕНИТЕ СИСТЕМИ

Author(s): Elena Dragozova-Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Activities in landscape architecture are directly related to the application of altruistic concepts for the improvement of public welfare. Experts, working in this profession, perform functions related to management of various complex projects for improving the living conditions of the community. Through their work they exert significant effects on the economic, social and environmental development. Professional social responsibility of the landscape architect is an integral part of ethical behavior not only within the profession but to society and is a factor for sustainable development of urban green systems.

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Kultura korporacji w perspektywie nowej ekonomii instytucjonalnej

Author(s): Bożena Klimczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 38/2014

The aim of this article is to approach the roots of the corporate culture in the light of New Institutional Economics. The basis of analysis is the concept of four levels of the institutions by O.E. Williamson. The corporate governance is embedded in tradition (level 1) and in formal institutions (level 2). In European civilization tradition means especially – religion, so the American and European corporations culture is connected with religious Christian values. In the first part of the article the traditional, religion embeddedness of economic culture (level 1) is discussed. In the second part of the article two institutional theories of corporate governance (level 3) are discussed: agency theory and transactions costs theory. The connection between level 3 and level 1 as the roots of corporate governance is the transactions cost theory. In the summary the integration between corporate governance and corporate social responsibility is shown.

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THE ROLE OF EXPERTS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY

Author(s): Ivan Cerovac / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Democratic procedures are characterized by the equal status of all citizens participating in the decision-making process. This procedural fairness represents one of the central aspects of democracy's legitimacy-generating potential and should not be rejected or weakened. However, citizens specialize in different areas and inevitably some citizens become more competent (i.e. become experts) regarding some political issues. Democratic procedure would loose much of its appeal if it would be unable to take advantage of the experts' knowledge. In this paper I follow Kitcher and Christiano in embracing a form of division of epistemic (and political) labour - citizens and their political representatives should deliberate and set aims the political community is to pursue, while experts and policy-makers should devise means (laws, public policies and political decisions) needed to achieve the aims set by citizens. However, citizens should not blindly trust the experts - their epistemic authority is derivative and social and academic networks and structures should be employed in order to enable citizens to assess and evaluate experts' competence, but experts' impartiality regarding the issue at hand as well. Consequently, the process should not be unidirectional: experts should be able to help citizens select feasible and coherent aims, while citizens should be able to help experts in creating policies and decisions. Deliberative democracy is an appropriate political setting for this kind of bidirectional communication.

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„Jeden veľký kolektív”. Folklór ako vystúpenie a organizácia

Author(s): Joseph Grim Feinberg / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 4/2016

Based on an ethnographic study of folklore performance in contemporary Slovakia, this paper critically engages with „performance theory”, arguing that sometimes performance can be best understood by looking beyond moments of performance to the long, often arduous work of preparing for performance and reflecting on performances past. The author proposes studying folklore (and art more generally) not only as performance but also as „organization”, that is, as a set of enduring yet always shifting social relations. This approach enables us to see the modes of collectivity that emerge out of the social experience of art and, specifically, folklore.

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Hofstede's Culture Value Survey in Croatia: Examining Regional Differences

Author(s): Edo Rajh,Jelena Budak,Ivan-Damir Anić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The purpose of this paper is to apply Hofstede's value survey in Croatia and examine regional differences in the cultural dimensions of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation. Based on the large national survey data (N = 1,500), the scores for five dimensions were analysed at the national and sub- -national regional levels. This study contributes to Hofstede's theory of culture by using the general population sample and examining regional differences. The results show that Croatia scores lower on power distance, is a moderately high individualistic country, has a tendency towards "feminine" culture and has a lower level of long-term orientation, which are all characteristics of developed countries. However, the value of uncertainty avoidance is high, which is a characteristic of post-transition economies. The analysis at regional level in Croatia reveals that Croatia is homogeneous with respect to Hofstede's dimensions of national culture. The cluster analysis was performed using dimensions of national culture for Croatia. Among the identified clusters differences exist in gender and age, while there are no significant differences related to the level of education. Implications for managers and policy makers are discussed in the paper.

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Ars, ratio et sensibilitas

Author(s): Marcin Laberschek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1-2/2024

The subject matter of the article is in line with the humanistic perspective of management and deals with management as an area of knowledge, the teaching of management in academic centres, and management as a human activity. The aim is to find an answer to the question of whether there is still a place for humanistic management – that is – a management in which human values are at least as important as material ones, in a world in which measurable results count, in which goals determine the means of achieving them, and if so, what such management should be distinguished by. Following the idea contained in Emil Orzechowski’s paper Arte et Ratione, the author indicates that such management is possible, while at the same time broadening this concept with the element of sensitivity (sensibilitas), or more precisely, ethical sensitivity. After all, management without human sensitivity is a mere tool for making profits regardless of the cost.

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TEPE YÖNETİCİLERİNİN STRATEJİK SORUNLARI TANILAMA VE YORUMLAMA DİNAMİKLERİ

Author(s): Hasan Latif / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 64/2024

This article focuses on the processes of top managers in diagnosing and interpreting strategic problems. The aim of the article is to reveal how top managers benefit from their experiences and environmental scanning skills in diagnosing strategic problems and to examine the difficulties encountered in this process.

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BASIC METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING AND MANAGING RISK IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS

Author(s): Daniela Yordanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The manager must see the most significant risks that threaten the organization. In this way, covering its entire activity, it is possible to create a detailed list of risks related to the achievement of the set goals. In the identification process, the type of risk, the probability of its occurrence, spatial localization, possible damage and other parameters are revealed. In this way, covering the entire activity of the enterprise, it is possible to create a detailed list of risks related to it and to the achievement of the set goals. Given the breadth of the issues under consideration, in this article the focus is placed on the main methods for identifying and managing risk in organizations. The purpose of the article is to explore and present the main methods for identifying and managing risk in organizations. Research method: For the purposes of the present study, combined methods of analysis and synthesis of information, as well as theoretical analysis, were used. The article applies a systematic analysis of a database of publications in specialized journals and sites on the main methods of identifying and managing risk in organizations. Results: Choosing the best method depends on the specific business and its risks. The responsible risk manager must assess the business and provide the most appropriate methods. The choice also implies a good knowledge of all methods, as researchers should argue both the chosen methods and the rejected ones. In this way, the responsibility of the choice made is emphasized.

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PERSPECTIVES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Author(s): Gordana Nikčević,Djordjije Pavićević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In the conditions of the strong development of digital technologies, the business of organizations in a traditional environment becomes very tight. New digital technologies have implications for modern business operations. Digital trends require changes not only in the way business organizations work (jobs, workplaces and employees) but also a change in the entire concept of organizational culture (behavior and thinking of employees). In order for digital technologies not to become an obstacle to the business of modern organizations, in our work we will identify a new organizational culture that is able to support new technologies. At the same time, we will look at the key elements of the traditional organizational culture, which we have to transform. In the final part, with the aim of improving the business of business organizations, guidelines will be given for the development of a new digital organizational culture that will contribute to the improvement of business, all in the context of adapting to new digital technologies. In the study of digital transformation and organizational culture, the authors employ analytical and synthetic approaches to achieve a deeper understanding. The analytical approach deconstructs elements through qualitative analysis, while the synthetic approach integrates information and theories to form a comprehensive concept. These approaches enable the identification of optimal strategies for different contexts, which is crucial for this study. Overall, the study contributes to theoretical understanding of digital transformation and organizational culture, while also offering practical guidance for organizations undergoing the process of digital transformation.

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Job Autonomy as a Driver of Job Satisfaction

Author(s): Kristýna Zychová,Martina Fejfarová,Andrea Jindrová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

As one of the essential human needs, autonomy affects internal motivation and drives job satisfaction. The aim of the article is based on long-term quantitative research (n = 631) to examine gender, age, education and job position differences in job autonomy and to evaluate the extent to which job satisfaction and job autonomy are related. The research shows that 72.6% of the respondents have a high degree of work scheduling autonomy, 68.1% have a high degree of decision-making autonomy and 53.9% have a high degree of work methods autonomy. An important finding is that most respondents (84.8%) are satisfied with their job. There are differences between generations and non/managerial job positions regarding work scheduling autonomy, decision-making autonomy and work methods autonomy. Additionally, there is a difference between education levels regarding work scheduling autonomy. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficients show positive mutual correlations between job autonomy categories, as well as between job autonomy categories and job satisfaction. The results also confirm the relationships between job autonomy categories and job satisfaction. Employees with a high degree of job autonomy feel more satisfied in their jobs than others. On the contrary, there are no differences between genders regarding work scheduling autonomy, decision-making autonomy and work methods autonomy. Furthermore, there are no differences between education levels regarding decision-making autonomy and work methods autonomy. Understanding the relationship between job autonomy and satisfaction is vital for employers and policymakers to enhance job satisfaction, retain employees and improve organisational performance. Implications for Central European audience: The research reveals that employees with a high degree of job autonomy, encompassing work scheduling autonomy, decision-making autonomy and work methods autonomy, experience greater job satisfaction. No gender or education-based differences in terms of job autonomy were found, but differences exist between generations and non/managerial job positions and job autonomy. The results confirm that job autonomy drives job satisfaction. Employees with a high degree of job autonomy feel more satisfied in their jobs than others. Employers and policymakers should therefore prioritise increasing job autonomy to improve job satisfaction, retention and organisational performance.

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UTICAJ DRUŠTVENO-POLITIČKIH KRIZA NA OTPORNOST KRITIČNIH SUBJEKATA - STUDIJA SLUČAJA “BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA”

Author(s): Edin Garaplija / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3-4/2024

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country rich in natural resources and geo-strategically positioned in the heartland of the Balkans, which through its turbulent and inspiring history was the desired goal of various conquering empires. From the ancient Romans, through the Ottomans, Austro-Hungarians, Germans and all the way to the closest neighbours. On that difficult path of building a thousand-year statehood, it was affected by various socio-political crises that left a mark and, as a rule, slowed down its economic growth and self-sustainability of both the socio-political system and the general state of security of its critical subjects and infrastructures. In its different stages of statehood and statehood, Bosnia and Herzegovina faced different types of threats, from passive to active resistance, from frequent riots to open wars and opposition to invaders and usurpers of its territory and its wealth. Looking at our history, we learn from our ancestors, preparing based on their experience for the modern challenges of today. It is of great importance for scientists, researchers and practitioners to apply analytical - synthetic and general - social methods of data collection, in order to properly set themselves according to the definition of research problems and objectives, and to determine the methodology that will lead to effective and applicable solutions satisfying social and scientific objectives. Analysing the problem of determining and organizing the area of protection of critical subjects and infrastructures, we cannot help but notice one of the biggest threats to the vital lifeblood of the Bosnian society, namely its complex socio-political organization and the influence it generates as such on all segments of sustainability and security. This work contributes to the development and strengthening of the preventive security awareness of all those who in the future will deal with strengthening the capacity to protect critical entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Społeczne wytwarzanie przestrzeni na przykładzie analizy szpitali psychiatrycznych w Łodzi

Author(s): Joanna Sawiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2024

The main issue of the article is a spatial analysis of mental hospitals located in Łódź. This research was made using case study with qualitative methodology―observation and visual analysis. Cases presented in the article are representatives of two types of mental hospital which are the most common in Poland. The aim of such analysis is to understand the relation between spatial organization of this institutions and a social approach to people with mental illness. Article is also referring to the crucial publications related to mental illness, total institutions and social creating of space. Thanks to the comparison of this conceptions with the results of a case study the author could show some possible ways of spatial organization’s influence on the social perception of mental hospitals and people with mental illness.

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Comparison of the psychological capital of founders and their employed top management

Author(s): Victoria Berg,Marcus Heidbrink / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This study examines the difference of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) of founders in comparison to their employed top managers in young companies. We use the PCQ (Psychological Capital Questionnaire) developed and tested by Luthans and colleagues to do so. Results were concluded on the basis of 36 responses from founders from Germany and Chile from 27 different young companies and the same number of answers from their respective employed top managers. A t-test for independent samples shows a significantly higher level in three of the four states of PsyCap among founders: self-efficacy, resilience and optimism. Hope is the only state in which founders don’t exhibit a significantly higher level than their employed top managers. Overall, PsyCap of founders is higher than their employees’. The study is concluded with implications and limitations.

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How Employee Well-being Mediates the Relationship between Employee Experience and Work Engagement?

Author(s): Berk Ozcinar,Emel Esen,Selin KARACA VARINLIOĞLU,Doğan BAŞAR / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of employee experience on work engagement. A questionnaire consisting of both open-ended and multiple-choice items was administered to 308 respondents working in seven main insurance companies operating in Turkey. Employee experience is divided into three dimensions: the perceived importance of managers, work meaningfulness, and career-focused experience. According to the results of this study, employee experience has an important effect on work engagement. Employee well-being partially mediates the relationship between employee experience and work engagement. The importance of the research is that it shows that employee experience practices and welfare policies implemented by companies will ultimately result in work engagement. We emphasize the importance of providing employees with a positive experience throughout their journey, from recruitment to post-employment, as it leads to positive outcomes at both an individual and organizational level.

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Women’s management model, strengths and application methods

Author(s): Alina Y. Bukharina / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Does women’s leadership exist or is it just a fashionable word with no substance behind it? Is it necessary to separate women’s and men’s management styles by gender? Does the Women’s Management Model have a right to exist on its own? All these questions are similar to those that women asked themselves when they declared their desire to choose their own work, purpose, and destiny. Of course, this is a global problem that is the subject of discussion all over the world. Moreover, development of women entrepreneurship is one of the most important worldwide trends as women entrepreneurship drives economy in social sector and in the field of micro- and small business. In the US and Europe, this issue is being addressed within the framework of multiculturalism and diversity.

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THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN THE EFFECT OF HEALTH-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A HOSPITAL SAMPLE

Author(s): Şefik Özdemir,Nursena ŞAHİN / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of healthoriented leadership and psychological safety on employees' organizational commitment. For this purpose, the impact of health-oriented leadership on organizational commitment and the mediating effect of psychological safety perception in this impact were examined. The data of the study were collected face-to-face using a questionnaire consisting of scales for health-oriented leadership, organizational commitment, and psychological safety. The data collected from 130 participants consisting of employees of a private hospital in a province in Turkey, were analyzed using statistical software. The analyses revealed that health-oriented leadership positively affects organizational commitment, and psychological safety perception partially mediates this effect.

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ODGOVORNOST ISLAMSKE ZAJEDNICE PREMA OPĆOJ JAVNOSTI I DRUŠTVU

Author(s): Mevludin Dizdarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 99/2024

The main idea for this research was to analyse the relation of the Islamic Community, as a specifically religious institution with the society within which it exists and for which it works on its goals and its mission. Islamic Community is not only a religious institution, its sphere of influence goes beyond and that requires a higher degree of responsibility towards the society within which it operates. This article discusses the cultural and social context of its functioning without which no issue that it tackles can be adequately answered. It analyses the basic phenomena of responsibility, public, public relations, and the significance of the Islamic Community as such and its significance to Bosniaks and the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the end part of this article, we offered some suggestions for the Islamic Community to strengthen its relationship with the society and improve both quantitative and qualitative functions therein.

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