Прагматизмът и литературата: навик, норма, матафора

Author(s): Aleksandar Feodorov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this text I will present the topic of my doctoral thesis Pragmatism and literature: habit, norm, metaphor. I will examine the philosophical tradition of pragmatism through the works of its founder Charles S. Peirce. The core of every pragmatic doctrine lies in the pragmatic maxim, which was originally presented by Peirce in 1878 in his paper How to Make Our Ideas Clear. Pragmatism is a new theory of sorting out the effects of concepts in the process of signification. The sum of these effects then forms the whole of the meaning. The process is based on the semiotic doctrine, according to which the sign lies in the core of the meaning. The key concepts for development and sustainability of knowledge are those of habit, norm and metaphor. Employing thеse concepts, I argue that the pragmatic approach is essential for a dynamic conception of the literary field. Habits are models of behavior, which aim at representing universal norms. Innovative metaphors allow discursive flexibility and establish new interpretative threads in the development of cognition.

СЕМИОТИКА НА ПЪРФОРМАНСА

Author(s): Mariya-Liya Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The problem that is implicit in the title was provoked by the need for examining the performance not only in the range of the art, but as an overall concept of impact, which is realized through various semiotic tools. Through the analysis of performances of Marina Abramovic proves necessary and indispensable connection between the art and the science that helps the ideas reach the viewer at different levels.

JEZIK

Author(s): Delila Hasanbegović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Jezik, kao najvažnije sredstvo kojim se ljudi sporazumijevaju, je povijesno-društveni fenomen koji nastaje i razvija se uporedo sa razvitkom društva, dok se, s druge strane, podsredstvom jezika mijenja društvo. Neposredno vezan s mišljenjem, jezik predstavlja njegovu realizaciju. Dakle, govor pojedinca/ke je djelatnost neodvojiva od društvenog života. Kako su čovjek i civilizacija u neprekidnoj evoluciji, tako se i jezik, kao naše sredstvo za razvrstavanje, uređivanje svijeta i manipuliranje stvarnošću, neprekidno mijenja.

IZVINITE, GOSPOĐA ILI GOSPOĐICA? – FEMINISTIČKA JEZIČKA ISTRAŽIVANJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Jasmina Čaušević,Sandra Zlotrg / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Jezička politika u Bosni i Hercegovini, pod velom priča o nepromjenljivosti norme i jezičke ekonomije, proizvodi, podržava i perpetuira diskriminaciju žena. Ovo jezičko nasilje je protuzakonito jer postoje zakoni koji direktno podrazumijevaju i štite ravnopravnost u jeziku. Sam bosanski/hrvatski/srpski jezik, sa druge strane, posjeduje sisteme za ravnopravnu vidljivost spolova, tj. ima nastavke za ženski rod i zahtijeva slaganje riječi u rečenici. Osim što je potpuno gramatički opravdan, rodno osjetljiv jezik je također i važno društveno i ideološko pitanje koje doprinosi većoj vidljivosti ženskog rada. Upotreba rodno osjetljivog, tj. diferenciranog jezika od velikog je značaja i predstavlja početak u postizanju rodne ravnopravnosti, jer jezik jeste, pored ostalog, i paradigma ideološke, društvene, ekonomske, zakonske i političke promjene i odnosa koji vladaju u društvu.

Wymiary negacji w dziennikarstwie poradnikowym (na podstawie ogólnotematycznej prasy poradnikowej dla kobiet)

Author(s): Monika Worsowicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Wyrażanie negatywnych ocen w kulinarnych show

Author(s): Katarzyna Burska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Negacja tradycji czy tryumf nowoczesności — koncepcja komentatora sportowego w ujęciu Bohdana Tomaszewskiego i jej zaprzeczenie we współczesnych mediach

Author(s): Beata Grochala / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Языковое оформление образов природы в поэтических текстах В. С. Соловьёва

Author(s): Simona Koryčánková / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The author of the article analyzes the images of nature in the poetic works of Vladimir Soloviev, depicting the internal state of the poet, his feelings and emotions. Language means with the semantics of natural phenomena allow readers to imagine the poet´s ideas, his philosophy and mystical conception of the world. Displaying the colour scale, light and dark tones, sounds, and emotions is a typical feature of the poems where the poetic images and symbols concretize idiostyle of the writer.

Görselin Gör Dediği: Görüntünün Tahakkümünden Göçün Güçsüzlüğü

Author(s): Bahar Yalın / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Görme, zihindeki imgelemin, gerçek ile düşsel olan arasındaki ilişkisini belirleyen zihinsel bir tasarım sunduğundan görüntü, insan üzerinde tahakküm kurar. Fotoğraf, görüntüyü, “an” üzerinden, deneyimlenmemiş olan, anlamı ya da anlaşmayı mümkün kılan bir ortak referans çevresi, ortak bir dil olarak inşa eder. Böylece özünü empati kültürünün oluşmasına olanak sağlayacak duygunun yaratımı ve insan deneyimlerini belgeleyerek tarihsel tasarımın hafızasını oluşturacak “haber”/bilgi boyutu oluşturur.

Japoncada “Nesne (Taishō「対象」)” Algısının Dilde Yansıması

Author(s): Nagehan Avdan / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

“Nesne”, Antikçağdan bu yana üzerine çokça düşünülegelen konulardan biridir. Aristoteles’te “özneden bağımsız, kendinde var olma” niteliğinde olan nesne, 17. yüzyılda deneycilik akımıyla birlikte Locke, Hume ve Berkeley’de görüldüğü üzere “kendinde var olma” özelliğini yitirerek yerini yavaş yavaş özneye bırakmış ve nihayetinde Kant’ta “insan zihninin bir kategorisi” olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Öte yandan Japoncada “nesne (taishō「対象」)” yi etimolojik açıdan incelediğimizde, Japonca Sözlük (Kokugo Jiten 「国語辞典」)’te birinci anlam olarak “eylemin ya da zihinsel faaliyetin yöneldiği şey”, “görülen, duyulan ve düşünülen şey” biçiminde tanımlandığı görülmektedir. İşaret etme eylemi ile nesne arasındaki ilişki açısından bakıldığında, nesne algısının kendini gösterdiği alanlardan birinin işaret sözcüklerinin kullanım alanı olduğu söylenebilir. Türkçede işaret adılı, önadı ve belirteçleri diye adlandırılan sözcükler Japoncada “işaret sözcükleri (ko, so, a)” çatısı altında ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, “nesne” algısının felsefe tarihi boyunca gelişimi incelenerek, Japoncada nesne algısı ele alınacak ve Japoncada nesne algısının öğretim düzleminde öğreniciye veriliş biçimi üzerinde durulacaktır.

On limitless diversity of functional types of utterance

Author(s): Andrzej Bogusławski / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The author adopts the concept of “functional type of utterance” where the relevant set is based on features other than coincidental co-occurrence of utterances (as, e.g., used by someone at a certain time) or their including a specified expression (specified expressions). The concept subsumes traditional kinds of utterance such as declaratives vs. hypothetical statements, questions, promises, etc., but also, e.g., utterances where vocatives addressed to the recipient(s) are used with varying frequency (which gives rise to the corresponding subtypes of utterance). It is claimed that the existence of a closed and at the same time objectively exhaustive list of functional types of utterance depends on two alternative necessary conditions which are not and will never be satisfied. One of the conditions has a formal or mathematical character. It amounts to the presence of some contradiction in the conjunction of the following constituents: (i) the claim of non-existence of such an exhaustive objective list of types, (ii) any element of knowledge. The other necessary condition belongs to the domain of nomological/natural sciences. It would consist in our knowledge of organisms and their factual (albeit contingent) constraint which necessitates production of a finite number of functional types of utterance, on the pattern of what is proper to apprehension of sounds by creatures belonging to different species, e.g., humans or bats (as limited to a certain, varying, frequency of oscillation in the air environment). The author submits a formalized schema of the reasoning where a hierarchy of functional types and subtypes of different degrees is assumed.

Допереводческий анализ и перевод стихотворения Марины Цветаевой «Я пришла к тебе черной полночью…»

Author(s): Anna Bednarczyk / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents a pre-translation analysis of Marina Tsvetaeva’s poem “Ya prishla k tebe chornoy polnochyu…” and the following translation of this poem. The analysis is conducted stage by stage, which makes it possible to discuss in detail the difficulties presented by the relevant activities, and to identify possible translation dominants, as well as to indicate well-advised translation solutions. The discussion shows the usefulness of pre-translation analysis not only for the translation it precedes, but also for teaching of future translators.

The stylistic construction of verbal imagery in poetry: shooting distance and resolution in Wilfred Owen, Marianne Moore and Philip Larkin

Author(s): Davide Castiglione / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The notion of imagery is central to literary criticism as it underpins some of the most palpable experiences we have when reading fictional literary texts, prose and verse alike. Yet, its practical use is fraught with impressionism as the verbal image appears based on a relativist ontology that varies with readerly differences, both intrinsic and strategic (e.g. one may have a more visual or a more auditory memory, or give emphasis to more abstract, propositional aspects of a text). As a consequence of this, the verbal image also appears substantially independent from linguistic forms, which makes it problematic for stylistic analysis. This paper addresses and undermines the latter assumption and, in doing so, sets out the basis for a stylistic model of verbal imagery. My approach is twofold: on the one hand, I identify a “nuclear” image on the basis of semantic and syntactic criteria – this I call the image-frame as opposed to more extensive realizations (i.e. image-complexes) or dynamic ones (i.e. image-scenes); on the other, I attempt to map semantico-grammatical variables onto perceptual eff ects, focusing on shooting distance and image resolution. In doing so, I draw inspiration from the complementary attempt of Kress and van Leeuwen, who in “Reading Images: the Grammar of Visual Design” (2006 (1996)) propose an array of correspondences between visual strategies and grammatical structures. All the verbal images presented and discussed in this article come from Wilfred Owen, Marianne Moore and Philip Larkin: three poets who have effectively exploited the potential of realist mimesis (i.e. a faithful reproduction of external reality) within a twentieth century aesthetics.

Metafora i świadomość w wypowiedziach poetyckich Krzysztofa Kamila Baczyńskiego

Author(s): Wacław Grzybowski / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

On the basis of Paul Ricoeur’s, Aleksandra Okopień-Sławińskia’s, Maria Mayenowa’s and Max Black’s theories of metaphor, I undertake an attempt of interpretation of Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński’s poetry. The historical-literary context outlined by Stanisław Stabro in his study of Baczyński’s texts becomes an important help in my attempt at the uniting theory of metaphor with theory of consciousness. The combination of the concept of the literary I of Okopień-Sławińska with the Neotomistic Personalizm of Karol Wojtyła and Mieczysław Krąpiec OP allows me to delineate the concept of poetic consciousness expressed in metaphor.

Introspektywny kokon reinterpretans. Kora Ola Ola! – latynoskie polonicum Kory Sipowicz

Author(s): Jakub Jaworski / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The subject of the article is the intercultural dialogue which emerges out of the musical undertaking “Kora Ola Ola!” (2003) of the Polish artist Kora Sipowicz. The collection comprises various reinterpretations of the twentieth century Polish lyrical works in a Latin arrangement, accompanied by some other Polish, Spanish and English songs, especially those formerly performed by the very artist herself with the famous Polish band, Maanam. In the composition resound convergent transatlantic echoes of mystical poetry, Graeco-Roman mythology, Christian culture and philosophical reflections. The author attempts to delimit the peculiar amalgam of individual Polish identity in this specific, intertextual and intercultural set-up by means of an interdisciplinary analysis and interpretation of particular poetic works and cultural description of their musical arrangement. Moreover there is proposed an analysis and interpretation of the poet’s language, in which the presence of occasionalisms and deictic expressions bring about deformations of the temporal structure. This kind of “estrangment” (ostranenie) contributes to a deconstruction of linguistic (or cultural) automatisms. In the context of interaction and synergy of many cultural codes imposing contradictory requirements, it may help us get closer to the transcultural condition, in terms of the theory developed by Ewa Łukaszyk.

В воображаемом мире: лингвопоэтический анализ стихотворения Николая Гумилёва «Отравленный»

Author(s): Vitaliy Kononenko / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents a linguopoetic interpretation of Nikolay Gumilov’s poem “Otravlennyy”. The linguistic means involved in the process of metaphorization have been investigated. The connection between the motives of Gumilov’s poetry and the Russian classical tradition has been established. Approaches to characterization of the “image of the author” have been outlined.

The grounding function of tense/aspect morphology in lyric poetry: Analysis of Osip Mandelstam’s poems “The wind brought us solace…” and “This night, no lies...”

Author(s): Józefina Piątkowska-Brzezińska / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

Over the last decades, serious research has been done on the correlation between tense and aspect choice and the level of information saliency in narrative discourse (Chvany1985; Ehrlich 1990; Fleischman 1990; Givón 1987; Hopper and Thomspon 1980). The novelty of our approach lies in the application of ideas developed within narrative analysis to information grounding in lyric poetry. The aim of this article is to show how tense-aspect morphology could be used for discourse-pragmatic purpose of structuring the lyric text. In the poems discussed, switching from the PFV past to the IPFV present is essential for shifting between foreground and background information.

Перформативная стратегия баллады в лирике Тютчева

Author(s): Walerij Tiupa / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper proposes an invariant approach to the study of lyrical genres. Lyrical poem is viewed as a principally performative speech act. Behind the variety of lyrical discourses, a historically stable performative strategy is uncovered. In the case of the genre of ballad, for which narrativity is an optional element – if widely popular in the poetry of Romanticism – such a basic strategy is that of anxiety. This contention is supported by analysis of Tyutchev’s early anarrative ballads. In such poems the lyrical subject finds himself in the situation of “double existence”, at the border between two worlds: the diurnal one and the nocturnal one, the joyful one and the terrific one, the live one and the dead one. Still, what we face here is not a traditional romantic double-worldedness, but a kind of a counterpoint, a “strained” meta-unity. The conscience of the ballad-type lyrical subject is a catastrophic conscience of someone to be sacrificed. In Tyutchev’s anarrative ballads such a conscience is not masked by a fantastic plot, but presented in its pure form.

Des mots aux actes, « Sémantique(s), sémiotiques et traduction » 2018, no. 7, sous la direction de Florence Lautel-Ribstein et Carmen Pineira-Tresmontant, Éditions Classiques Garnier, Paris, 2019, 696 p., ISBN : 978-2-40608-744-1, ISSN : 2555-2376

Author(s): Ruxandra-Jeanina Indreș / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

PRIKAZ DOKTORSKE DISERTACIJE ALME GRANOV

Author(s): Sifet Karalić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Review of: Granov, Alma, 2007. Semiotički pristup znakovima u korisnički orijentiranim interfaceima, neobjavljena doktorska disertacija odbranjena na Filozofskom fakultetu Univerziteta u Sarajevu pod mentorstvom prof. dr. Josipa Baotića.