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Ratni zločin silovanja

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Seksualno nasilje je jedna od brojnih posledica neravnopravne raspodele društvenih odnosa moći između žena i muškaraca. Imenovanje seksualnog nasilja kao takvog omogućile su nam žene organizovane u feminističkom pokretu krajem šezdesetih godina dvadesetog veka. Radikalne feministkinje drugog talasa feminizma su bile te koje su imenovale područje seksualnosti kao polje moći, tvrdeći da, kontrolišući žensku seksualnost, muškarci drže žene podređenim. Cilj muške opresije nad ženama jeste kontrola ženske seksualnosti kroz različite oblike seksualnog nasilja nad ženama.

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Corruption and Organized Crime Threat Monitoring Report

Author(s): Emilija Tudzarovska-Gjorgjievska / Language(s): English

The Corruption and Organized Crime Threat Monitoring Report is an overview of the state and dynamics of corruption and organized crime in the Republic of Macedonia. The basis of this report is the Corruption Monitoring System (CMS) developed by the Center for the Study of Democracy (CSD). The CMS relies on diverse sources of information and combines quantitative and qualitative methods for monitoring and the assessment of corruption and organized crime. The CMS has gained acknowledgement from the United Nations (UN) as a best practice system for monitoring corruption at the national level. The report is divided into seven chapters and it provides an overview of the legal and institutional framework for the fight against corruption and organized crime in the country, provides an overview of the macroeconomic situation and the emergence of the link between corruption and organized crime, risk assessment of threats and corruption of organized crime, as well as levels of connection between these two phenomena: infiltration (general) in the political arena, infiltration in the government (elected officials), infiltration in public administration and institutions, bribery, etc. Through these levels indirect critical review of corruption in politics is offered, but also to other areas and levels of government such as the judiciary; administration, police and customs. The last section deals with the private sector and corruption with a general review and review of public procurement, money laundering and VAT fraud.

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Anti-Corruption Measures in EU Border Control

Author(s): Philip Gounev,Rositsa Dzhekova,Tihomir Bezlov / Language(s): English

The present study, commissioned by FRONTEX, provides academic and policy perspectives, as well as empirical data on corruption and anti-corruption measures observed in border guard institutions across the 27 Member States of the European Union. The report compares and analyses anti-corruption measures in EU Member States’ border guard services, as well as the strategies and instruments used in corruption investigations of border guards. The purpose of this study was to provide border guards with a general overview of the relevant academic and policy research available on the subject of corruption, as well as to review and analyse mechanisms of corruption and the principal anti-corruption measures targeting them.

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Anti-Corruption Reforms in Bulgaria: Key Results and Risks

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

This is the eighth Corruption Assessment Report providing an overview of the state and dynamics of corruption in Bulgaria and Bulgarian anticorruption policy. It analyzes the main results and risks of the anticorruption process from the period immediately preceding Bulgaria’s accession to the EU through to the first months of EU membership. The report builds on regular monitoring of the spread of corruption, its trends, evaluations of the anti-corruption efforts and initiatives implemented by government institutions and by civil society, as well as a number of suggestions and recommendations on anti-corruption measures, including considerations related to the administration of EU’s structural funds. In addition to the main corruption indexes which have consistently displayed lower values throughout 2006 and early 2007, the report draws on authoritative international surveys to assess corruption levels in Bulgaria in comparison to EU member states. Furthermore, Bulgaria’s EU member status demands that national anti-corruption initiatives are implemented in close coordination with EU and international efforts in this area. Therefore, corruption would be most appropriately measured and assessed by a common EU benchmarking methodology as the most reliable yardstick for international comparisons.

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Miért bántalmaz? Miért bántalmazhat?

Author(s): Péter Szil / Language(s): Hungarian

Fewer and fewer people continue to deny that violence against women and children is a serious social problem. It is also obvious that the reaction of Hungarian society falls behind the seriousness of this problem. This is apparent not only in the field of legislation and legal practice, which should protect victims and call perpetrators to account, but also in the ignorance of authorities, public opinion and so called professionals, and in prejudiced information. There is little professional literature in Hungarian that could help this situation. The aim of this publication is to enrich this professional literature. Society can only present a united front against any kind of violence, if the steps needed – though they are congruent in time and space – follow a certain priority in accordance with the nature of the problem: Effective care and protection for victims. Determined action against perpetrators. Prevention of violence at all levels of society. Treatment of perpetrators. There are several preconditions to be fulfilled before the above steps can be taken. For example, it is difficult to acknowledge even the fact of violence and its extent unless there is social consent about what is violence, who commits it, and against whom. Except for the above mentioned few publications, we only have answers in Hungary today that protect perpetrators from being called to account, rather than protecting victims who suffer from the violent acts perpetrated against them.

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Hétköznapi hímsovinizmus

Author(s): Péter Szil,Luis Bonino / Language(s): Hungarian

Everyday male chauvinism is the form of intimate partner violence that is not called violence.This book makes visible and classifies those everyday manifestations of power over women that are an unnamed part of everyday relationships for the time being. The exhaustive lists assist men, women and professionals working in the field of domestic violence in recognising and combating the hidden forms of intimate partner violence. The term “male chauvinism” is a faithful representation of how sexism is related to other ideologies based on discrimination. It is “everyday” not only because it happens every day but also because the origin of the values and principles that are realised in it is lost in the past, and that is one reason why it seems natural and immutable.

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Family Life and Crime. Contemporary Research and Essays

Author(s): Maciej Bernasiewicz,Monika Noszczyk-Bernasiewicz / Language(s): English

The family crisis reveals serious fissures in the very foundations of the European cultural community; likewise, criminal and moral degradation of youth points to the crisis of the family as an important source of the problem […]. The authors make a strong casefor the view that destructive peer relations become criminogenic factors only when they are combined with dysfunctional family-of-origin settings. In such circumstances, the authors argue, timely institutional decisions and their appropriate implementation, while always fraught with the risk of stigmatisation (as in the case of measures involving confinement), often prove to be rational actions undertaken to stop the psychological degradation of the juvenile. This conclusion is important in that it contrasts with the claim, today often overstated, that institutional forms of care for juvenile delinquents, without exception, bring more harm than benefits […]. I am convinced that the book will be of interest both to Polish rehabilitation practitioners and theoreticians as well as to international readers. For the latter,it may be an interesting source of information about the present condition of Polish rehabilitation research and compelling problems that the system of juvenile delinquency prevention in Poland is now facing. - From a review by dr hab. Mariusz Sztuka, Head of the Department of Social Prevention and Rehabilitation, Jagiellonian University, Kraków

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Judicial Benchbook - Considerations for Domestic Violence Case Evaluation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Rada Bjeljac,Jasmina Ćosić,Sanela Kovač-Grabonjić,Amela Mahić-Samardžić,Branimir Maletić,Darko Samardžić,Dragan Uletilović,Biljana Vučetić,Adisa Zahiragić / Language(s): English

The purpose of the DV Benchbook is to improve the judicial response to domestic violence and increase the consistency of judicial practice in cases of domestic violence in BiH. While this resource represents the first of its kind in BiH, there are numerous similar resources throughout North America, Western and Northern Europe and other locations across the globe.1 This fact is a testament to the challenge that domestic violence presents to courts and the broader criminal justice system. Indeed, domestic violence constitutes one of the most complicated and difficult socio-criminal issues confronted by judiciaries and criminal justice communities the world over. As such, a resource that can aid courts in evaluating and understanding cases of domestic violence – including deepening critical understanding of social factors identified as mitigating or aggravating – can improve judicial practice and in¬crease judicial consistency. Moreover, in line with the purpose of punishment as listed in the respective criminal codes, the information provided in the DV Benchbook can support the judiciary’s ability to achieve its stated goals: • expressing community condemnation for this criminal offence • preventing the perpetrator from committing the same criminal offence in the future • preventing others from perpetrating this criminal offence • increasing the awareness of citizens of the danger of this criminal offence and the fairness of punishing perpetrators.2 The DV Benchbook represents the best professional judgement of the members of the DV Judge Panel and those collaborating on the development of the resource. It is important to note that this resource constitutes the first of its kind – as a resource on the subject of domestic violence as well as the methodology used to develop the content. The topic of domestic violence was proposed by judges who recognized that judicial practice in BiH had room for improvement. The content was entirely and completely developed by judges – for judges. And while the methodology included support from DCAF/AI and a consultant, that support was limited to identifying and preparing materials and resources for the DV Judge Panel to review. The DV Judge Panel was responsible for outlining and developing the de¬tails of each recommendation made within the DV Benchbook. The unfortunate reality is that domestic violence impacts our communities and our courts – and that impact is likely to continue to grow. Our best intention is to work together to im¬prove understanding of this problem in order to improve our methods and our mechanisms for addressing it within the judiciary. Thus it is our hope that the DV Benchbook will serve as a cornerstone in improving our understanding and developing innovative solutions to this profound problem.

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Pod hladinou: fakta a mýty o znásilnění

Author(s): Kristýna Ciprová,Klára Cozlová,Jitka Čechová,Sigþrúður Guðmundsdóttir,Barbara Havelková,Tereza Hendlová,Hana Jandová,Lukáš Sedláček / Language(s): Czech

Vážené čtenářky, vážení čtenáři, znásilnění/sexuální násilí je ze své povahy nesmírně destruktivní čin, který však zůstává stále velmi rozšířený: každá čtvrtá žena a přibližně každý desátý muž se ve svém životě setká se sexuálním násilím. Tato alarmující čísla zdůrazňují nutnost věnovat znásilnění pozornost, a to komplexním způsobem. Bohužel problematika znásilnění zůstává z převážné většiny „pod hladinou“ – nezřetelná, nejasná, zahalená mýty a stereotypy. Tato publikace si klade za cíl pod tuto hladinu nahlédnout, rozčeřit stojaté vody a zkoumat problematiku znásilnění z různých úhlů. Texty v této publikaci proto pokrývají široké spektrum témat: právní úpravu znásilnění, zobrazení znásilnění v médiích, znásilnění seniorů a seniorek nebo vzdělávání policistů a policistek v oblasti práce s oběťmi znásilnění. Publikace dále přináší shrnutí výsledků Analýzy stavu pomoci obětem znásilnění v České republice, kterou realizovalo občanské sdružení Persefona v rámci projektu Stop znásilnění: program ochrany práv obětí znásilnění. V závěru publikace nabízíme také pohled na problematiku znásilnění v islandském kontextu. [...]

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Cybersecurity in Finance. Getting the policy mix right!

Author(s): Richard Parlour,Sylvain Bouyon,Simon Krause / Language(s): English

With the inexorable rise of e-commerce comes the inexorable rise of the e-criminal. Cybercrime is now the world’s fastest growing crime. It has leapt to number two of the top ten business risks worldwide, from not even appearing in that list five years ago. For certain countries, cyberattack is now the risk of greatest concern. Gone are the days of concern about a low level hack of a website by a script kiddie. Today’s attackers are multi-faceted and increasing in sophistication, ranging from advanced persistent threats, corporate espionage, organised crime and ‘hactivists’ to cyberterrorists, ever more competent, and ever better funded. Cybersecurity has moved from being a technical issue to a political and boardroom issue. Financial markets are particularly important as they oil the wheels of all member state economies.

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№76 Europe’s most wanted? Recalibrating Trust in the European Arrest Warrant System

Author(s): Nicholas Hernanz,Elspeth Guild,Sergio Carrera / Language(s): English

This paper assesses the uses and misuses in the application of the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) system in the European Union. It examines the main quantitative results of this extradition system achieved between 2005 and 2011 on the basis of the existing statistical knowledge on its implementation at EU official levels. The EAW has been anchored in a high level of ‘mutual trust’ between the participating states’ criminal justice regimes and authorities.

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Towards an Internal (In)security Strategy for the EU?

Author(s): Sergio Carrera,Elspeth Guild / Language(s): English

The European Commission published in November 2010 a Communication aiming at putting the EU Internal Security Strategy (ISS) into action. The Communication envisages five key strategic objectives for the EU’s internal security: disrupt organised crime, prevent terrorism, raise levels of security in cyberspace, strengthen external borders management and increase the EU’s resilience to natural disasters. This paper starts by critically examining the extent to which these objectives actually constitute shared common concerns in all EU27 member states andwhether they are based on independent and objective evidence. After demonstrating the contrary, we then argue that the ISS should be rather considered as an ‘Internal (In)security Strategy’ because of the lack of an accompanying solid rule of law and liberty strategy (model) focused on ensuring the delivery to everyone living in the EU (and who will be subject to increasing EU internal security policies focused on more surveillance, preventive measures and an intelligence-based approach) the twin rights of rule of law and fundamental rights.

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Hodné holky se dívají jinam: Feminismus a pornografie

Author(s): Kateřina Lišková / Language(s): Czech

The book is a sociological analysis of the anti-pornographic feminist discourse. It focuses both on the concept of gender and sexuality and on the understanding of performativity in the context of symbolic power of speech. The author critically analyses the concept of gender and its connection to sexuality as raised (both explicitly and implicitly) by anti-pornographic feminism. She also deals with the anti-pornographic discourse in contemporary Czech pornography-related works of sexology and criminology. The last part of the book critically analyses pornography as a performative expression, assessing the benefits and limitations of this approach.

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Izvješće o pojavama govora mržnje I kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje u Bosni i Hercegovini u razdoblju od lipnja 2018. godine do lipnja 2019. godine

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian

Tijekom 2016. i 2017. godine došlo je do unapređenja zakonskog okvira kada su u pitanju govor mržnje i kaznena djela učinjena iz mržnje. Unatoč tome, budući da bosansko-hercegovačko društvo općenito nije dovoljno senzibilizirano, a stručnjaci/kinje koji/e se bave ovom oblasti nisu dovoljno educirani/e, u praksi ova kaznena djela i dalje nisu odgovarajuće prepoznata, procesuirana i sankcionirana. Sve ovo doprinosi tome da žrtve govora mržnja i kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje defacto najčešće ostaju nezbrinute, a djela neprocesuirana, što nekažnjenim počiniteljima/cama u ovakvim slučajevima šalje vrlo jasnu poruku da su njihova djela prihvatljiva i opravdana. Stoga žrtve i potencijalne žrtve govora mržnje i kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje (pripadnici/e manjinskih skupina) nisu u mogućnosti voditi siguran i bezbrižan život sa svim temeljnim ljudskim pravima. Naime, ova prava su im uskraćena i/ili ograničena jer dijele neke od zaštićenih karakteristika zbog kojih mogu biti žrtve govora mržnje i kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje. Unatoč tome što je legislativa poboljšavana u proteklom razdoblju, ni država ni nadležne ustanove za ovu oblast nisu uradile ništa kako bi se ova kaznena djela počela prvo prepoznavati, potom procesuirati, te na kraju odgovarajuće i sankcionirati. U prilog ovome govori i činjenica da država ne poduzima apsolutno ništa za sustavnu edukaciju policijskih službenika/ca, tužitelja/ica, sudaca/tkinjana ovu tematiku i problematiku, dok neke pravosudne ustanove nisu zainteresiraneni za suradnju kako bi svoje stručnjake/inje educirale kroz neformalni sustavo brazovanja. Iz svega navedenog očito je da izostaje odnos povjerenja između žrtava govora mržnje i kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje i policije i pravosuđa. Zapravo, ova se kaznena djela ne prijavljuju policiji i pravosuđu, ili zbog straha, ili zbog izostanka povjerenja u cijeli lanac kaznenog progona. Nužno je kontinuirano senzibilizirati i educirati policijske službenike/ce, tužitelje/ice, suce/tkinje o tematici i problematici govora mržnje i kaznenih djela učinjenih iz mržnje, kako bi se promijenila prvenstveno njihova svijest, ali i unaprijedilo znanje i vještine o težini problema koju ova kaznena djela imaju po žrtve, a potom razvila i svijest i povjerenje žrtava da ta djela i prijave. Također, potrebno je poboljšanje trenutnog zakonskog okvira, odnosno harmonizacija kaznenih zakona u Federaciji BiH i Brčko distriktu s kaznenim zakonom Republike Srpske.

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Proceedings of the 17th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This publication presents the proceedings of the 17th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities held on June 1-2, 2020. The Conference was organized by Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.

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Przekonania a gotowość do agresji kobiet skazanych za popełnienie przestępstwa z użyciem przemocy

Author(s): Magdalena Bolek-Kochanowska / Language(s): Polish

The monograph raises the issue related to the determinants of violent female criminality. The book may be of interest to people who study the phenomena of aggression and violence, including specialists in the field of forensic psychology and students. It presents a review of theoretical approaches focused on the cognitive aspects of violence, the concept of readiness for aggression, the specificity of aggressive behavior of women and the author’s own research in which the relationships between the beliefs of women incarcerated for violent crimes and their readiness for aggression were analyzed. The results can be used in the area of therapeutic, prophylactic and resocialization interactions.

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Terrorist and Armed Groups in the Fezzan-Sahel Region: Recruitment and Communication Tactics

Author(s): Stefano Marcuzzi,Jason Pack / Language(s): English

This report discusses terrorist and armed group activity in the Libyan Fezzan (southwestern Libya) as well as these groups’ ties to local tribes. Since the downfall of Mu’ammar Qaddafi in 2011, Libya has become a hotspot for militias, criminal gangs, and jihadists. The geographic focal points of terrorist groups are shifting, however. In the northern part of the country, the territorial concentrations of these groups were largely defeated by 2017; conversely, in the Fezzan and the neighbouring countries of the Sahel, jihadi groups have proven resilient. In spite of international airstrikes and attacks by some Libyan forces (notably, the Libyan National Army or LNA), jihadi groups have survived, adapted their communication tactics to the local context and even engaged in lucrative criminal activities across the Fezzan-Sahel borders, further blurring the lines between jihadist and criminal networks.

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Poznawcze i temperamentalne wyznaczniki kryminogenezy nieletnich

Author(s): Magdalena Rode / Language(s): Polish

The main research problem of the present publication is the verification of cognitive and temperamental risk factors for minors' criminogenesis. The author presents the patterns of entering into social interactions of the young people and outline their personal beliefs, which reflect how they perceive the world, interpersonal relations and their attitude towards themselves. Juvenile delinquents process social information in a specific – criminogenic – way, which favors the initiation and maintenance of criminal behavior. Processing social information by juveniles will be looked into in terms of the triggered styles of criminal thinking and confronted with potential temperamental and intellectual risk factors.

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Proceedings of the 29th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This publication presents the proceedings of the 29th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities held at American University, in Washington, DC, USA, on August 14-15, 2022. The Conference was organized by Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.

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Contemporary Research Practices in Social Sciences with Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining and Machine Learning

Author(s): Özerk Yavuz,Hasan Alpago,Mehmet Çiçek / Language(s): English

In the last decade usage and application of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Data Mining in different disciplines as social sciences, Medical Sciences and Engineering gained momentum. Today with the help of decision support systems supported with these smart approaches and algorithms give decision makers several advantages. In this way more targeted and focused decisions with higher success rates can be maintained for a more sustainable economy and world. In this book, unique contributions of 3 distinguished Professors have been compiled with the aim of providing insights to the reader about several phenomena in social sciences blended with artificial intelligence, machine learning and data mining practices. Hope you enjoy.

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