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Pravoslavlje i rat

Author(s): Matej Arsenijević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Savremena post-hrišćanska civilizacija globalnog Zapada je, u ime svoje mundijalističke ideje, povela "novi križarski" rat protiv Srbskog pravoslavnog naroda i Srbske pravoslavne ideje. Budući da je Pravoslavlje temeljni elemenat Srbske ideje i, time žila kucavica čitave srbske istorije, rat koji je civilizacija belog pentagrama vodila i vodi protiv pravoslavnih Srba kao čuvara i branilaca Časnoga Krsta i Zlatne Slobode, ispostavlja se kao rat protiv samog Pravoslavlja, kao rat protiv pravoslavnog duhovnog i geopolitičkog sveta, ili drugačije – kao integralni zapadni rat protiv hrištanske istorije. Tako se u srbskom otadžbinskom ratu u Zapadnim Srbskim Zemljama zbivao i zbiva odsudni mistički sukob suprotnih ideja istorije: hrišćanske i anti-hrišćanske (=antihristovske). Na geopolitičkim prostorima balkanske proto-Evrope se ponovo vodila (i još nije završena!) odlučujuća mistička bitka hrišćanskog otpora Zapadnom Zlu koje objavljuje Kraj Istorije, bitka za duhovnu sudbinu hrišćanske evroazijske civilizacije, bitka čijeg značaja duhovno-politički posunovraćena Evropa uopšte nije bila svesna, a, nažalost, ni Rusija, koja – izgubivši svest o svojoj istorijskoj misiji i svom geopolitičkom identitetu – više ne ume da artikuliše svoju balkansku politiku u skladu sa pravoslavnim evroazijski ciljevima.

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Najgori od svih mogućih ratova

Author(s): Atanasije Jevtić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Rat je stvarnost našeg sveta, i on je počeo još na Nebu kada je Mihailo Arhanđel zbacio Stanu i njegove sledbenike, otpadnike od Boga. Ovaj rat 1991/1995. je najgori od svih mogućih ratova: započele su ga iste one đavolje sile koje i inače započinju sve ratove, a hrišćanima je uvek ostajalo da se brane. Rat je zlo kada je napadačko-osvajački, rat je nužda i nevolja, drama i tragedija kada je odbrambeni. Ovaj rat je bio odbrambeni i junački što se tiče Republike Srpske, ali je nesrećni izdajnik srpskog naroda, predsednik Srbije Milošević, sve prokockao. Njegova izdaja još traje i verovatno će se produžiti do krvavih i raspetih Kosova i Metohije. Bolji je rat nego li mir koji nas odvaja od Boga: mir koji odvaja od Boga je lažni mir. Pravi rat a lažni mir proizvode upravo licemeri iz Ujedinjenih nacija, Evropske zajednice, Saveta bezbednosti, Evropskog parlamenta. Bez njih bi mi još pre dva veka sredili našu kuću, i imali bi šta da sređujemo, jer smo Evropa pre Evrope, i civilizacija pre njihove civilizacije, i duhovnost pre svega. Bog im sudio, oni su glavni krivci za rat.

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Izveštaji agencije SENSE o toku suđenja Vojislavu Šešelju

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

U Hagu je večeras saopšteno da je podignuta optužnica protiv Vojislava Šešelja, lider Srpske radikalne stranke. Optužnicu je, pre mesec dana, potpisala glavni tužilac Karla/Carla del Ponte, a danas je - na osnovu pratećeg dokaznog materijala, potvrdio korejski sudija O-Gon Kvon/Kwon. U ukupno 14 tačaka optužnice, Vojislav Šešelj se tereti za učešće u sistematskim i rasprostranjenim napadima na hrvatsko, muslimansko i drugo nesrpsko civilno stanovništvo u Istočnoj i Zapadnoj Slavoniji, Bosni i Hercegovini i Vojvodini. Do septembra 1993., kada se razišao sa Slobodanom Miloševićem, Vojislav Šešelj je - navodi se u optužnici - bio jedan od učesnika u "zajedničkom zločinačkom poduhvatu", sa ciljem trajnog uklanjanja nesrpskog stanovništva sa trećine teritorije Hrvatske, iz većeg dela Bosne i Hercegovine, kao i iz delova Vojvodine.

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Promjene nacionalnog sastava stanovništva u opštini Višegrad između 1991. i 1997.

Author(s): Ewa Tabeau / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U ovom izvještaju daje se rezime promjena u nacionalnom sastavu stanovništva u opštini Višegrad, u srednjem dijelu istočne Bosne i Hercegovine, u periodu od 1991. do 1997. godine. Svrha izvještaja je da pruži pouzdane demografske statističke podatke koji omogućavaju procjenu vrste i obima tih promjena. Drugo, u izvještaju se razmatraju osnovni demografski profili lica koja su tokom rata nestala u višegradskoj opštini. Cilj istraživanja vezanog za nestala lica je da se pokaže ko su lica koja su nestala i utvrdi da li su ona nestajala u nekim određenim periodima. U ovom izvještaju analiziram tri izvora podataka: Popis stanovništva iz 1991. godine, birački spiskovi iz 1997. godine i spisak nestalih lica koji je sačinio MKCK (izdanje iz 2005. godine) i koristim standardne statističke i demografske metode.

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Rodno zasnovano nasilje

Author(s): Natalija Petrić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Rodno zasnovano nasilje je kršenje ljudskih prava i oblik diskriminacije i označava svaki čin nasilja koji ima za posljedicu ili će vjerovatno imati za posljedicu fizičku, psihičku, seksualnu ili ekonomsku povredu, odnosno patnju, uključujući i prijetnje takvim djelima, prinudu ili namjerno oduzimanje slobode u javnom ili privatnom životu. Rodno zasnovano nasilje je jedan od najviše rasprostranjenih oblika kršenja ljudskih prava i fenomen koji je duboko ukorijenjen u rodne nejednakosti, počiva na rodnim normama i nejednakim odnosima moći. Može se manifestovati u različitim oblicima ili kao kombinacija više njih: fizičko, emocionalno, psihološko ili seksualno nasilje te ekonomsko nasilje. U ovom tekstu, rodno zasnovano nasilje razumijemo u širem smislu, uključujući i nasilje na osnovu seksualne orijentacije i/ili rodnog identiteta.

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Democratisation and human rights in Central Asia: Problems, development prospects and the role of the international community

Author(s): Eugheniy Zhovtis / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

To understand the reasons for the relative failures of the transition to democracy, the formation of a law-based state and the establishment of respect for human rights in the independent states of Central Asia today, as well as the role of the international community, one has to assess, first of all, the dynamics of the political process in this region of the world. In large part, the origins of the current weakness of democratic processes are theresult of developments during the final decades of Soviet power.

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Marginalisation and Copenhagen gang wars

Author(s): Pinar Yazgan,Therese Svensson / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In recent times, violent incidents have occurred between rival gangs in the so-called ‘ghettos’ of Copenhagen (Politiken.dk, 2008). These turf wars have mostly taken place between the local Hell’s Angels’ gang and various other gangs. Discussions related to the gang wars in Copenhagen first appeared in the media in 2007-2008, between the local MC gang ‘Hells Angels’ and the ‘Black Cobra’ gang, which consists mainly of ethnic minority members (Schmidt, 2009, 2011: 605). Gang wars have taken place in Nørrebro, which is an area in the North of Copenhagen, where the concentration of immigrants is the highest in the city. The encounters between gangs have had disastrous effects with severe impacts upon the general impressions of foreigners in Denmark (Nasser, 2010). This paper proposes that gang wars in Denmark can be explained by various levels of marginalisation through negative social capital and grounded political discourses preventing integration as opposed to promoting it. Specifically, this chapter highlights discourses in relation to the groups defined as deviant or ‘the minority group’ within the framework of marginalisation, and their integration into criminal capital as the negative side of social capital.

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Displaced People and Right to Evacuation

Author(s): Gökhan Akgün / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

There are some man-made problems such as civil conflicts, wars and environmental problems such as global warming, water-food scarcity in many parts of the world. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Agency (UNHCR) Global Trends Report (2015, 18 June), at least 15 clashes have erupted or re-fueled in the last five years: eight of which in Africa (Ivory Coast, Central African Republic, Libya, Mali, Northeastern Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan and Burundi), three of which in Middle East (Syria, Iraq and Yemen), one of which in Europe (Ukraine) and three of which in Asia (Kyrgyzstan and in many parts of Myanmar and Pakistan). As a result of events that are similar to these situations, many people are forced to leave their homes but some of those people can’t do this. In such cases, these people should evacuate to safe locations. In this study, in order to clarify the status of displaced people and explain the importance of the right to evacuation; the problems especially man-made lead to displacement, the effect of these problems to the right to evacuation, displaced people and the fact that people must have right to evacuation as well as the right to life are addressed by reviewing literature and creating a model about who will carry out the evacuation operations. Furthermore, the right to evacuation is handled within the context of international law and domestic laws of Turkey and the United States of America (USA).

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Power and politics in migration narrative methodology: research with young Congolese migrants in Uganda

Author(s): Christina Clark-Kazak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper explores the power dynamics inherent in qualitative research involving migration narratives. Drawing on the author’s experiences collecting life histories and constructing narratives of Congolese young people in Uganda, this article addresses the ethical and methodological issues of representivity, ownership, anonymity and confidentiality. It also explores the importance of investment in relationships in migration narrative research, but also the difficulties that arise when professional and personal boundaries become blurred.

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Coerced Migration, Migrating Rhetoric: The ‘Forked Tongue’ of Native American Removal Policy in the Nineteenth-Century United States

Author(s): Estella Ciobanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

It cannot be overstated how condescending the I/father–you/my children dichotomy sounds. (Neither the ‘Friends & Brothers’ interpellation nor the spurious ‘your father and friend’ self-identification nor the euphemistic ‘advises’ can mitigate its hierarchical thrust.) Some modern readers may not find such paternalism offensive, thanks to their regular congress with the clergy, whose discursive subject position is traditionally that of a (spiritual) father – the self-styled vicar (vicarius, ‘substitute’) of God the Father. President Jackson assumes here a comparable lordly position, yet one endorsed, he claims, from heaven (the deity) to earth (white male ballot). Claims to the natives’ land had long been sounded as an authority-related argumentum by verecundiam in appeals by European settlers to the charts issued by their monarchs as enforcers of Christianity, hence allegedly of God’s will. Granted that the differential governmental traditions and the European ruse – we have a chart to support our claim to your land; can you produce yours? – must have taken the natives by surprise. But did the ruse appear to them as the Great Spirit’s hand? Decidedly not.

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Sürgünlüğün Yazar Üstündeki Etkileri: Refik Halit Karay Örneği

Author(s): Mert Öksüz / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Sürgünlüğün basit ve genel bir tarifi “bir daha eve geri dönememek” sözüyle yapılmıştır. Edward Said’den (2006, s. 34) Rafael Alberti’ye (1996, s. 297) kadar kendileri de sürgünde yaşamış pek çok edebiyatçı ve araştırmacının yazılarında detaylı izahların yanında bu alıntının benzerlerine yer verilir. Alıntılanan kelimelerde “empati” bekleyen bir taraf bulunmaktadır. Bu cümle yorumlanarak biraz karmaşık hâle getirilirse şu sonuca varılabilir: Kültürel ve coğrafi bakımdan öteki hâline gelmek ama -dönmeye ihtimal bulunmasa da- hâlen bir “geri” olduğuna göre dönülecek ülke veya şehirle hiç ilgisiz biri de olmamak. Demek ki sürgüne gitmiş bir kimse ötelenmiş kişi olarak hayatı devam ettirmeye mahkûmdur.

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Of Crocodiles, Magumaguma, Hyenas, and Malayitsha: Zimbabweans Crossing the Limpopo in Search of a Better Life in South Africa

Author(s): Chipo Hungwe / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Many stories have been told of how ‘hyenas’ facilitate undocumented migration and in the process negotiate and protect migrants from the much feared magumaguma who prey on the ‘innocent lives’ of would-be migrants desiring a better life in South Africa. The paper relies on first hand accounts of individuals who have crossed the Limpopo River and Zimbabwe-South Africa border as undocumented migrants. It utilises qualitative in-depth interviews of Zimbabwean migrants in Johannesburg. These individuals have had to deal with some, if not all, of the following: ‘hyenas’, crocodiles, magumaguma and the malayitsha. This paper demonstrates the central role of human smugglers such as the malayitsha and hyenas/impisi and the precarious nature of undocumented Zimbabwean migration showing the sheer will to survive against all odds; migrating to a perceived better life. Death will not deter migration or the aspiration to change one’s life by migrating. The paper creates a good case for the need for further research targeting the magumaguma and the malayitsha so that a critical mass of literature can be created on these human smugglers. This paper is important as it comes up with a conceptual framework on understanding undocumented Zimbabwean migration to South Africa.

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August Wilson’ın Joe Turner’s Come and Gone İsimli Oyununda Siyah Kimliklerin Köle Yolculuğuna Travmatik Direnişi

Author(s): Deniz Aras / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Göç olgusu bir topluma ait bireylerin ya da toplulukların belirli nedenlerle bir yerden başka bir yere geçişi olarak tanımlanabilir. TDK güncel sözlükte kelime anlamı olarak göç, “ekonomik, toplumsal, siyasi sebeplerle bireylerin veya toplulukların bir ülkeden başka bir ülkeye, bir yerleşim yerinden başka bir yerleşim yerine gitme işi, taşınma, hicret, muhaceret” şeklinde tanımlanır. Bu hareketlilik, bir toplumdan başka bir topluma, bir kültürden diğerine geçişi; bu geçiş ise göç olgusunun öznesi olan insanın yeni olanla karşılaşmasıyla birlikte başlayacak olan zihinsel karmaşasını ve yeni olanla uyum sürecini ifade eder. Bu uyum süreci bir uyumsuzluk ya da benlik karmaşasıyla sonuçlanabilir ya da uyum süreci başarıyla tamamlanıp benlikte ve hafızada kayıplara neden olabilir.

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Tracing Deep Scars of 1915 in Art and Literature

Author(s): Esin Gülsen,Erdem Çolak,Selen Yamak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Regardless of whether we call it genocide, massacre, exile or deportation, events experienced in Ottoman lands in 1915 cost countless lives, forced millions of Armenian people to leave their lands and left deep marks on next generations. In the 100th anniversary of 1915 events, it is impossible to say that Turkey has made a considerable way in terms of coming to terms with 1915 events.

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Understanding Empowering Effects of the Kurdish Diaspora on Women’s Agency in Sweden: An Ontological Paradox

Author(s): Berivan Erbil / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

There is considerable literature pointing out the male-dominated structure of Kurdish society in which women’s problems have never been prioritized (Mojab 2001, Bruinessen 2001, Alinia 2004, Gambetti 2005); yet there is still limited number of research on Kurdish women’s problems. The existing studies focus on the ostensible (de jure) empowerment they gained, particularly among immigrant/diasporic Kurds. However, the lack of empowerment in practice generally sustains even if they acquire immigrant status or formal citizenship status in the West.

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Narratives of Trauma Across Generations of Pontic Greeks and Their Impact on National Identity

Author(s): Georgia Lagoumitzi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Karl Mannheim’s 1928 essay ‘The Problem of Generations’ introduced a unique perspective on the dynamic development of social relations, social knowledge and social action. In this essay, he maintained that simple generational separation performed by positivist demographers on the basis of simple biological facts was meaningless. Instead, he defined a generation in terms of distinct collective experiences of given age groups, which stamp those age groups with a permanent separate identity. These experiences, in turn, give a new meaning to both, individual (subjective) and historical (objective) time. Mannheim distinguished between the ‘generation location’, actual generations comprised of individuals bound together by a common destiny, and the ‘generation unit’, establishing in this way the dialectical relationship between history and subjective knowledge. The conceptualization of diaspora as a ‘narrative of displacement’ provides the opportunity to assess the impact of such traumatic experiences on the separate ‘generation units’ among Pontic Greeks. Sharing the experience of successive displacements from the Ottoman Empire to Russia, from Caucasus to Kazakhstan under the Stalinist regime, and finally from the ex-Soviet Union to Greece in the wake of the 1989 Revolutions, they constitute an ideal-typical group for the study of the way in which different generations perceive a common past and face new challenges. Moreover, we explore the mediating role of genocide narratives in the perception of trauma and suffering by different generation units and their impact on their diasporic identity. In doing so, we affirm Stuart Hall’s interpretation of “identities… [as] projects and practices, not properties. Finally, we assess the importance of diasporic memory for the nation.

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Dialogue on War Legacy

Author(s): Ana Bitoljanu,Goran Božičević / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

I remember how it all started and how people were reluctant to mention the very topic during dealing with the past workshops. When we said “today’s topic is dealing with the past”, some kind of heavy silence would fall over the room. In the beginning, we didn’t even use that phrase, dealing with the past. We tried to introduce conversations about the past into various workshops, we did a lot of different things, aware of the fact that we have no chance of a joint future, without discussions about what had happened, how we deal with it today and whether we are at all ready to hear different views on what had happened. Sometimes, we called this work on dealing with the past “inter-ethnic dialogue”, sometimes we called it “opening communication in divided communities and groups”, sometimes it was an integral part of non-violent transformation of conflicts, but one way or another, we always talked about the past. In the meantime, we have reached a point when, at trainings that we organize today, we spend most of the time working on dealing with the past. And this is neither unpleasant nor unfamiliar any more. It has not become easy, far from it, but the phrase “dealing with the past” is no longer so scary and unknown. We have slowly reached the point at which people have trust in us and perceive the workshops as safe space in which they can talk about what had happened, what they had been through and survived. It has even happened that participants said: “OK, this communication, non-violence, gender, all this is great, but when are we going to talk about the past? It was because of dealing with the past that we applied for this training in the first place”.

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Education of the Youth Grounded in Experience-Based Learning as Part of the Dealing With the Past Process

Author(s): Emina Bužinkić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

One of the most important guarantees of dealing with the past process is the guarantee of non-repetition of a violent past, which included intolerance, inequality, human rights violations and war crimes. These guarantees are mostly connected to institutional and legal measures of protection and they are rarely discussed in wider, social and cultural frameworks, such as educational, cultural, economic and other policies and social practices, which could, in the long-term, prevent the violent past from repeating. As a particular form of social and political reparation, but also as a role in the lives of younger generations, education of the young about the past is undoubtedly a quality and long-term guarantee of non-repetition of violence and a step towards a more responsible society.

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Why the Documenting Approach?

Author(s): Živana Heđbeli / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

I went to Jasenovac this spring. I talked to my fellow travellers, mostly older than 80, victims or family members of victims. Their main question, almost seven decades since the suffering, is: why? “Why have my relatives, all tall and strong men, been killed?” “Why grandchildren of my relative, who was killed in Jasenovac, never came to Jasenovac?”

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Documenting Human Losses in Croatia

Author(s): Slaven Rašković / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Since its establishment, Documenta has viewed establishing facts about war events as one of necessary steps towards the process of dealing with the past. Due to the fact that human losses are the hardest consequence of armed conflicts, we expected that state institutions would do everything in their power to list, by their name, all victims of war, regardless of their ethnic, religious, political or social background, and that the list would also include key identification information and circumstances of their death. However, even 18 years after the war in Croatia ended, there is still no unique, publicly accessible and verifiable list of Croatian citizens who were either killed or went missing during the war. Such a situation still enables ideological and political manipulation of the number of victims and, for sure, neither contributes to easing the effects of the war nor does it enable opening of the space for building trust and sustainable peace. This was exactly the reason why Documenta, at the beginning of 2009, started a research on human losses in Croatia. This research aims to pay respects to victims of war by making their names and circumstances of their death publicly known. We believe that it is an obligation of every society to raise awareness of the fact that victims of war are not just mere numbers, but people with first and last name. For this reason, Documenta was one of the first organizations to be included in an international initiative for advocating the Charter for acknowledging every casualty of armed violence, which was started in London in 2011 and which has, by now, been adopted by more than 40 humanitarian and human rights organizations from all over the world.

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