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Inoculation Theory and Misinformation

Author(s): Jon Roozenbeek,Sander van der Linden / Language(s): English

The spread of false and misleading information both online and offline poses a threat to the wellbeing of individuals, democratic institutions, and societies around the world (1, 2). The harmful consequences of the spread of false and/ or misleading information can be seen in the proliferation of anti-vax groups on Facebook (3, 4), lack of confidence in the science of climate change (5), acts of vandalism committed on the basis of false conspiracy theories about COVID-19 (6, 7), and its influence on the exacerbation of radicalisation and polarisation (8, 9). However, a lack of consensus with respect to what constitutes “misinformation” (for example: focusing exclusively on false information is problematic because truth value can be difficult to determine objectively, and misleading and/or hyperpartisan content may significantly outweigh “fake news”, see 10) and disagreement about the efficacy of various efforts to mitigate the spread of misinformation through algorithms, legislation, or content moderation means that no single intervention is likely to be sufficient (11, 12). In this report, we explore the role that psychology and behavioural science can play in the mitigation of online misinformation. To do so, we first discuss how to define “misinformation”, and how it relates to various other commonly used terms such as “disinformation” and “fake news”.

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Measuring Migration Conference 2022 Proceedings

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The conference, “Measuring Migration: How? When? Why?”, was an interdisciplinary and international venue for academics, practitioners, and students to explore the idea of “measuring” migration” using a variety of methods from interdisciplinary perspectives. Participants explored the ethics and implications of what it means to track migratory flows and discussed when this might be appropriate and why these data are helpful/harmful. This conference was hosted in hybrid format online and in-person at the University of Oxford on June 9-10, 2022 (Oxford, England, UK) and was sponsored by MigrationOxford (previously known as the Migration and Mobility Network) and Nuffield College. There were over 300 participants registered from around the world, spanning six continents and dozens of institutions. There were over 30 paper presentations on 10 panels and four keynote addresses/panels that took place over the two days. The proceedings included in this volume cover the majority of the papers presented.

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Analýza a perspektivy utváření pohybového a výživového režimu žáků na prvním stupni základní školy

Author(s): Jiří Havel,Marcela Janíková,Vladislav Mužík,Leona Mužíková / Language(s): Czech

The monograph contains findings of a two-year research in which a team of authors analysed development of physical activity and nutrition programmes for pupils in primary schools with a research sample of teachers from 33 primary schools across the Czech Republic. The quantitative part of the research focused on description of general trends and identification of functioning and malfunctioning elements of the process in question. The qualitative part sought to find methods, forms and interventions applied by schools when developing correct physical activity and nutrition programmes, including differentiation of individual school years and types of schools. At the end of the book, prospects are outlined of physical activity and nutrition programmes being implemented in the primary school curriculum and in the preparatory or further education programmes of primary school teachers.

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Rozhodni se! aneb životním stylem ke zdraví: Metodický materiál k výuce prevence onkologických a dalších chronických neinfekčních chorob pro 2. stupeň ZŠ

Author(s): Zdeňka Smejkalová,Jitka Slaná Reissmannová / Language(s): Czech

Methodological material “Decide! Lifestyle to health” is focused on the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases and it is intended for teachers of upper primary schools for teaching Health Education, eventually Biology. Chronic non-communicable diseases (or mass diseases, previously referred to as lifestyle diseases) are related to an unhealthy lifestyle and currently belong among frequent diseases. Health education is a key subject that can have a major impact on health literacy among the population and reduction of the prevalence of these diseases. Health education is a key subject that can have a major impact on health literacy among the population and reduction of the prevalence of these diseases. The prevention plays important role in decreasing the incidence of mass diseases, therefore it is very important that the basic knowledge about prevention to be given to primary school pupils. The material includes suggestion of 10 lessons. Each of them contains professional information for teachers’ theoretical preparation, suggestion of the lesson, a worksheet with solution and proposal activities on the topic.

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Ekogastronomi̇ Ve Mutfak: Ekmeği̇mi̇ Kazaniyorum!

Author(s): Tuba Pehlivan,Gizem YAVAŞ / Language(s): Turkish

Basic needs for food supply, which stands at a very important point between sustainable gastronomy to prevent possible problems activities play an important role. Sustainable gastronomy, in other words, eco gastronomy, can provide help for current and potential problems due to the philosophy it supports to carry gastronomic activities by protecting human health, transferring food cultures to future generations, maintaining environment and being compatible with nature. Scientific research reveals that 3 children die of hunger every minute in the world and one of every 3 plates we eat is thrown away. It is also stated that the most wasted food item from the plate is bread. At this point, it is extremely important to be aware of the fact that goods and services are means of meeting needs, and to have individuals who can use resources correctly and choose the goods and services that are suitable for themselves or their needs. In this study, sustainable gastronomy trends in Turkey and in the world are included, the issue of waste and bread waste is examined with a broad perspective and presented to the reader in an understandable language. In addition, practical information is given to prevent breads from getting stale in homes and businesses, and sample recipes are presented as a solution for stale breads. While applying the recipes, different types of breads were used to provide a unity in terms of taste, texture and visual presentation, and recipes were created that tasters could not easily understand that there was bread in it. In all of the recipes in the book, care has been taken to ensure that recipes with bread can be made without requiring any effort other than making the same recipe without using bread. The information and descriptions in this research; It has a high importance in terms of appealing to business owners, sector employees, teachers/students in institutions providing education on food and beverage, everyone who enjoys spending time in the kitchen and raising awareness about sustainable food.

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26.28 €

Gregor Johann Mendel: Cesty ke genomu zakladatele genetiky | Begründer der Genetik – die Wege zu seinem Genom | Ways to the genome of the founder of genetics

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Czech,German

The book maps the ways to the analysis of the genome of Gregor Johann Mendel, a project which was carried out to mark the 200th anniversary of the birth of this important scientist. It describes the exhumation of his remains from the Augustinian tomb at the Central Cemetery in Brno and the scientific examination that followed, as well as the search for traces of Mendel’s DNA on his personal belongings kept in the Augustinian Abbey in Old Brno. The individual chapters, that is, the ways of research, introduce the reader to the initial impulses leading to the archaeological research on the tomb and the subsequent analysis of Mendel’s genome. They describe the process of identifying the remains found in the grave with the person of Abbot Mendel, the anthropological research on his skeletal remains, as well as the process of isolation and analysis of the DNA of this historical figure. Rich photographic documentation chronicles the exciting work of the scientific team. Thanks to their efforts, the book reveals surprising findings and new, important details about the founder of genetics.

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Grafomotorické dovednosti: Nové přístupy k diagnostice

Author(s): Katarína Šafárová,Jiří Mekyska,Tomáš Urbánek,Lukáš Čunek,Zoltán Galáž,Ján Mucha,Vojtěch Zvončák,Jiřina Bednářová / Language(s): Czech

This book focuses on graphomotor skills, their disorders and brings new possibilities to their diagnosis. The introduction discusses various theories of writing and the development of graphomotor skills and writing. It also defines graphomotor disorders and developmental dysgraphia and offers an overview of diagnostic methods for assessing handwriting disabilities. In the final chapter, the authors present an original approach to diagnosing graphomotor disabilities based on an objective analysis of online handwriting. The resulting “Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale” (GHDRS) allows for a detailed assessment of the sources of a child’s difficulties. The book is intended primarily for workers in the school guidance system, especially special educators and psychologists, but also for others interested in graphomotor skills.

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Dopady COVID-19 na vývoj destinačního managementu v ČR

Author(s): Andrea Holešinská / Language(s): Czech

The expert study is the output of a research project that focused on the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on destination management. The study presents findings on how destination management organizations (DMOs) dealt with the covid-19 pandemic and how the destination management process in the Czech Republic changed in 2020-2021. At the same time, the study introduces the trends that arose as a reaction of the DMO to the crisis. In the introduction of the study, the theoretical background of destination management is provided to understand the context and to clarify the findings.

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56.36 €

Mendel Lectures 2002–2022

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Kniha přibližuje historii „Mendel Lectures“ a významnou aktivitu vědců sdružených v tzv. „brněnské iniciativě“.

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„Současná česká rodina“ – dokumentace k datům

Author(s): Martin Kreidl,Anna Šťastná,Barbora Hubatková,Jitka Slabá,Dominika Sladká,Tomáš Zvoníček / Language(s): Czech

This is the source work of the “GGP – The Contemporary Czech Family” research project. The publication contains all the basic research data and basic analytical insights into the data. It summarizes the methodology of the research (the questionnaire, selection of respondents, and course of the field investigation, including methodological innovations). It empirically describes the basic distribution of variables and compares them with older data (and comparable data from other countries). It will be the essential reference guide for data users.

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Držení těla a funkční stav pohybového aparátu u dětí ve věku 6-8 let: případová studie

Author(s): Hana Šeráková / Language(s): Czech

The monograph focuses on the posture of children aged 6–8, specifically on the period before they enter the primary school and on the first two years of schooling. In six case studies, we focus on the quality of posture, the functional state of selected muscles and muscle groups of the monitored children and their physical activity regime. In order to examine the musculoskeletal system, we use visual methods and functional muscle test by Janda, and we also use observation, interview, questionnaire survey and other methods. The findings of the original research provide detailed knowledge regarding posture, the state of the musculoskeletal system and the locomotor regime of children at school and outside, which partly differ from other authors’ findings.

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13th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Sport and Quality of Life: Book of Abstracts. September 7-9, 2022

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The book of abstracts of the 13th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2022 gathers the abstracts of all the oral and poster presenters and keynote speakers. The conference is divided into sections – analysis of human movement; sport training; healthy lifestyle, active aging, nutrition and regeneration in sport; sport and social sciences; sports medicine; and the poster section.

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Překonávání obtíží po amputaci dolní končetiny

Author(s): Lubomír Brháček,Gabriela Birgusová,Miroslav Orel / Language(s): Czech

The publication deals with overcoming difficulties related to the loss of a lower limb. It provides an introduction to basic topics that are absolutely crucial for the life of a person with an amputation. In addition to the amputation itself, this mainly concerns subsequent prosthetic care, reimbursement mechanisms for prosthetic devices, physiotherapy and the psychology of coping with challenging life situations. In the second part of the book, an original psychological study based on qualitative methodology is presented, which maps the ways in which people cope with amputation. This research presents the approach of ten individuals who manage their extremely difficult situation admirably. Due to their indomitability and active attitude, these people can be a role model, and not only for people with a serious health problem. Individual chapters try to briefly understand the psychological and physical aspects of amputation. The source of information is mainly modern foreign publications and researches. Some parts also contain practical knowledge of experts dealing with a certain aspect of amputation directly in the Czech environment. For greater clarity, a number of photographs have been included in the book, which help bring the issue of amputations and current prosthetic options closer to you.

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Základy sportovní výživy

Author(s): Iva Klimešová / Language(s): Czech

The book is intended for university students with a sports orientation and also for all those who like sports and want to know how to support their performance with an appropriate diet. Although the area of nutrition is often overlooked by athletes and not given as much emphasis as the actual training process, top and experienced coaches know that they cannot do without adequate nutritional support. Today, nutrition is seen as an integral part of quality recovery. The text of the book not only discusses energy balance taking into account the specific requirements of the athlete and the essential nutrients in the diet, but also discusses in detail the appropriate timing of food intake depending on training and the use of supplements.

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Wszechstronniczość. O deliberacji w polityce zdrowotnej z uwzględnieniem emocji, interesów własnych i wiedzy eksperckiej

Author(s): Michał Zabdyr-Jamróz / Language(s): Polish

Jednym z klasycznych problemów demokratycznej polityki jest pytanie o to, w jakim stopniu można pogodzić wolę ludu ze wskazaniami ekspertów. Tak zarysowany dylemat jest jednak bardzo mylący. Sugeruje, że obywatele nie mają do zaoferowania żadnej rzeczowej wiedzy w danej kwestii. Dodatkowo insynuuje się w nim jakąś znaczną odporność elity ekspertów na ignorancję, egoizm czy zwykłe porywy emocji. Lepiej postawić pytanie: do jakiego stopnia w ogóle możliwa jest polityka publiczna oparta na wiedzy eksperckiej? Jeszcze ważniejsze będzie jednak inne pytanie. Czy polityka publiczna oparta wyłącznie na dowodach naukowych i interesie wspólnym nie jest jakiegoś rodzaju widzeniem tunelowym? Czy tradycyjny ideał wykluczania egoizmu i pasji jest wzorcem słusznym? Teza naczelna książki głosi, że dobra polityka zdrowotna i polityki publiczne w ogóle wymagają właściwego zestawienia i wyważenia trzech najważniejszych wkładów polityki: wiedzy eksperckiej, interesów własnych i emocji. Sprawiedliwe ich rozważenie potrzebuje wyjścia poza typowe debaty publiczne, targi interesów, a nawet poza panele eksperckie. Obliguje do publicznej deliberacji, w której te trzy wkłady mogłyby wejść ze sobą w konstruktywny dialog. W demokracji nie powinniśmy bowiem ograniczać się do nauki oczyszczonej z materialnych potrzeb i porywów serca. Nie może być naszym celem bezduszna, proceduralna bezinteresowność. Powinniśmy raczej zmierzać w stronę rozumnej, solidarnej wszechstronniczości. Publication available under license Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (BY-NC-ND 4.0)

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Tworzenie cyfrowej ochrony zdrowia w Estonii, Niemczech i Polsce. Analiza stopniowej zmiany instytucjonalnej

Author(s): Weronika Przecherska-Marchwińska / Language(s): Polish

Are Estonia, Germany and Poland successful in their handling of digital transformation of healthcare? What challenges are they faced with while developing e-prescriptions, electronic health records, patient portals, among other systems? Why has the potential of digital tools and AI not been properly harnessed in combatting SARS-CoV-2? The author answers these and many other questions, as she describes what is one of the most important tasks ahead of states following the global pandemic – implementing new technologies to foster societal health and security.

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Za drzwiami oddziału. Badania etnograficzne w szpitalu

Author(s): Dominika Byczkowska-Owczarek,Anna Kubczak,Beata Pawłowska / Language(s): Polish

The book Behind the ward door. Ethnographic research in the hospital is the result of several months of ethnographic research conducted in three hospital wards. It discusses the realities of work, showing the difficulties faced by hospital employees, which are often imperceptible to patients and their families. It shows the backstage of a medical institution, in which during the process of interaction meanings and contexts of work are negotiated. It introduces the organizational everyday life, seen through the eyes of medical staff. From the organizational ethnography perspective, by giving voice to their respondents, the authors analyzed the specifics of the ward as an organization, socially constructed space, management styles, the process of communication between representatives of medical staff, as well as the uncertainty and emotions experienced by medical professionals. The book is one of the few ethnographic Polish studies of conditions and contexts of work in hospital wards. The reading is recommended in particular to managers of health care institutions, but also to practitioners of communication in medicine, supporting and training health care workers in particular in the field of working with emotions and managing a medical team.

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Prava LGBT osoba u Bosni i Hercegovini: Zdravstvo

Author(s): Jasmina Čaušević,Lejla Somun-Krupalija,Zlatiborka Popov-Momčinović / Language(s): Bosnian

Peta studija koja je pred nama, nastala u okviru sektoralnih istraživanja projekta Coming out! Zagovaranje i zaštita prava LGBT osoba, ukazuje na različite aspekte problema sa kojima se susreću LGBT osobe u disfunkcionalnom sistemu zdravstvene, socijalne i drugih oblika zaštite koje (ne) postoje u Bosni i Hercegovini a koje su povezane sa sektorom zdravstva. Disfunkcionalnost političkog sistema, marginalizacija i diskriminacija LGBT osoba na specifičan način se obrušava na LGBT osobe i u ovom sektoru, reflektujući i perpetuirajući paradoksalnosti liturgije isključivanja i ograničavanja na više ili manje suptilne načine. Ova utemeljena studija je polifonim pristupom, budući da su istraživani različiti aspekti problema u ovom sektoru i urađeni intervjui sa zaposlenicima_ama koji obavljaju različite poslove koji se tiču zdravstvene zaštite i uopšte pojma zdravlja, na logički dosljedan, sistematičan a ujedno slikovit način ukazala na probleme sa kojima se suočava ova marginalna grupa u sektoru zdravstva, na preplitanje i ukrštanje institucionalnih i vaninstitucionalnih aspekata diskriminacije koji pojačavaju jedni druge, na protivrječnosti u medicinskoj praksi uslijed nedovoljnog poznavanja odnosno neprimjenjivanja najnovijih medicinskih standarda i dostignuća, na dominaciju zastarjele terminologije i liječničkih praksi, na nepostojanje medicinskog osoblja specijalizovanog za ovu problematiku, na nerazlikovanje rodnog identiteta i seksualne orijentacije, na ograničene domete Strateškog plana za reformu zdravstva u kontekstu LGBT tematike, nepostojanje internih pravilnika o nediskriminatorskom tretmanu LGBT osoba itd. Posebno je značajno istaći kako je studija prepoznala tačke senzibilizacije koje postoje kod pojedinih zaposlenika_ca našeg zdravstvenog sistema, iako su one i dalje društveno de facto nedovoljno vidljive i produktivne. Prepoznavanje ovog posljednjeg, najčešće nevidljivog i prešućenog, čini studiju utoliko zanimljivijom, relevantnijom i provokativnijom.

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Standardi skrbi za zdravlje transrodnih i rodno raznolikih osoba, verzija 8 - Svjetska strukovna organizacija za zdravlje transrodnih osoba

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Krajnji je cilj osme verzije Standarda skrbi (SS8) Svjetske strukovne organizacije za zdravlje transrodnih osoba (engl. World Professional Association for Transgender Health, WPATH) dati kliničke smjernice zdravstvenim radnicima kako bi pomogli transrodnim i rodno raznolikim (TiRR) osobama u pristupu sigurnim i učinkovitim putovima za postizanje trajne ugode sa samima sobom kao rodnim bićima, a s težnjom optimiziranja njihova cjelokupnog fizičkog zdravlja, psihičke dobrobiti i samoispunjenja. Ta pomoć može uključivati, ali nije ograničena na hormonske i hirurške zahvate, glasovnu i komunikacijsku terapiju, primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu, uklanjanje dlaka, reproduktivno i seksualno zdravlje i brigu o mentalnom zdravlju. Sistemi zdravstvene zaštite trebali bi osigurati medicinski nužnu rodno-afirmirajuću zdravstvenu skrb za TiRR osobe: v. drugo poglavlje – Globalnu primjenjivost, preporuku 2.1.

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