![Систематизацията на селата в Румъния и селищните системи в България: сравнителен поглед към териториалното планиране в регионалната политика през късния комунистически период](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2016_27236.jpg)
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The article considers public monuments in a rhetorical perspective – as manifestations of local identity, or statements about the nature and mission of the city. It is demonstrated that there exist two competing monumental rhetorics in the urban environment of Perm. The industrial-military rhetoric unites an extensive group of monuments dating back to the Soviet era and those newly erected. Such monuments inscribe Perm into the heroic discourse of the Soviet epoch. Although the soviet memorial policy used to be universal for the whole state, in Perm it is not lacking for local individuality. Here, in particular, instruments of production and sample armament are displayed in the function of monuments. An alternative to this industrial-military rhetoric could be viewed in that of ‘Perm the Great’ (Perm’ Velikaya). It aggregates monuments appealing to the archaic heritage and ancient history of Perm Krai. This group of monuments suggests an image of Perm as a successor to the ancient culture, a city that made a special contribution to the history of Russian culture. Rhetoric of ‘Perm the Great’ was actively developed in the 2000-s. One of its distinctive features is the motive of Permian animal style. These are employed both in sculpture and in architectural decorum. The article establishes that the urban environment development highlights the multi layered and multidimensional nature of the city identity and its irreducibilty to a common denominator. Likewise, territory images construction, though sometimes acquiring a form of the search for a metaphysical substance of a city, such as Genius Loci, is in fact a ground for struggle and competition of various social, professional and political groups.
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Humans need a means of communication to keep up with the changing world conditions from birth. This means of communication is sometimes smoke, sometimes a drum and sometimes a letter. With the advance of technology, invention of electric telegraph has led to a change in the field of communication. Invention of the electric telegraph had great repercussion effects in the Ottoman Empire as in all over the world. Installation of telegraph lines expanded to a larger area around the Empire with the Crimean war. The study investigated the invention of telegraph, introduction of telegraph in the Ottoman Empire, general structure of the Ottoman Telegraph Office, telegraph lines in Erzurum. Ottoman Empire quickly adopted the telegraph which provides rapid communication. Integrity of the nation-state was provided in installing the telegraph. Cooperation of the 4th Army with the Post and Telegraph Office in installing telegraph lines in the centre of Erzurum was remarkable. Erzurum people played an important role in installing the lines. Apart from the people’s help, installation of the lines was completed with the materials from Europe. Installation of the lines in the centre of Erzurum made the communication easier in political, economic and military terms. Decisions made by the state spread rapidly to Erzurum and the neighbouring parts as all over the country. Both the public and the state organizations communicated easily in the region thanks to the telegraph lines in the centre of Erzurum.
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The aim of the research is to investigate population growth migration industrial development and to research the global integration results and solving ways of global ecological pollution with Azerbaijan sample.. The research deals with the ecological environmental pollution of Azerbaijan and focused on the reasons of immigration, industrial development and unjust war. The pollution fresh water basins of Kur and Araz rivers at the same time, generally, soil, air atmosphere, pollution, and population migration are connected with Armenian aggressive policy to Azerbaijan and the solution ways of these problems have been revealed in the article. The implicit and explicit use of chemical weapons to the civil population of Azerbaijan by Armenian unjust war has been pointed out. The Azerbaijan Government invited the organizations as OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) for judicial investigation of unjust war and for global environmental protection.
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The text is an introduction into the main trends in the understanding of landscape with an emphasis on "cultural landscape". The article develops the idea of a museum which presents and interprets cultural landscapes connected to places and areas of social activities and perceptions. The aim is to analyze the relationship between the museum as a venue and setting for the presentation of lifestyles and audiences associated with the territory as a lived and experienced entity. The text reveals diverse readings of the relationships between people and their places of living, the historical changes in the relations of men and nature and its transformation into living environment. The re-evaluation and the re-valorization of important moments in the lives of citizens understood as active builders of a specific territory and ways of life are also discussed. The article presents the creation of the cultural landscape in the contemporary situation and analyzes the position of the museum as part of the landscape as well as the presentation of cultural landscape in expositions.
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Many factors exert influence on the development of towns and growth of population. Some of them are: natural-geographical conditions, utilization of natural resources, migrations, construction of new economic objects, development of labour spheres, etc. Under the influence of these processes a number of towns have been formed and developed at the second half of the XIX century and at the beginning of the XX century in Azerbaijan. Baku developed rapidly and the numbers of migrants increased because of the expansion of oil production in Absheron. Therefore the share of population increased several times during some ten years.
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Küreselleşme süreci ile beraber büyük ivme ile gerçekleşen teknolojik gelişmeler çok kısa bir zamanda çeşitli üretim alanlarına uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu durum etkisini tarımsal sistem üzerinde de göstermiş ve en az girdi ile en fazla ürün alabilmek için gelişen teknolojiler tarıma uygulanmış, fakat bu süreç içinde pek çok dengeler göz ardı edilmiştir. Neticede küreselleşme sürecinin en önemli global problemlerinden biri olarak, tarımsal faaliyetlere bağlı ciddi çevre ve sağlık sorunları meydana gelmiştir. Günümüzde ise bu sorunları meydana getiren geleneksel tarım uygulamalarına alternatif sistemler araştırılmakta olup, çevre ve insan sağlığını önemseyen, doğayı koruyan organik tarım bir çıkış noktası olarak benimsenmektedir.
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Transformations that occur in Polish rural areas also impact tourism and recreation enterprises. Starting the rural development programs successfully activates processes of modernisation in many fields of social and economic life, including material base (infrastructure), which is an essential element in the functioning of settlement systems. The aim of this study is to present selected results of the expert analysis of 50 Polish villages, which are characterised by a high concentration of cultural values – material, institutional and spiritual. The assessment of a group of rural settlements was meant to determine the potential for creating the Network of the Most Interesting Villages (SNW). The article presents the factual basis for such evaluation, the differentiation in group of villages according to selected traits, especially those describing the infrastructural plane for developing the tourism and recreational functions. The recipe for success includes many elements. The most important ones include attractive spatial configuration in which there is no shortage of central locations that are the focus of educational and recreational functions, the social awareness of the value of one’s own heritage and the ability to describe it (the purpose of stay), the existence of long-lasting institutions referring to the historical memory and communal activities, the ability to create the media for narration placed in the internal environment, somewhat-formed path of its own development based on own resources (developed tourism functions), as well as participation in local and regional network of town with varying functions, and natural and anthropogenic environmental values (tourist regions).
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The author discusses the results from a fieldwork study of the knowledge and views of Istanbul among tourists from Bulgaria. The study is based on interviews with people between the ages of 21 and 50, university graduates or students, representatives of the so-called mass-tourists. Several factors that have determined the formation of the perceptions of the Turkish megalopolis are pointed out – historical and ideological influences, media, the Internet, advertisement, soap operas, accounts by friends and relatives, personal experience. Despite the individual variations, there are many similarities in these perceptions, determined by the shared tourist experience from the standardized organized trips, as well as by the shared stereotypes about Turkey and the Turks, shaped by national myths, historiographies and dominant ideologies and circulating in everyday life. It has been found out that immediate experience takes prevalence over the stereotypical notions, often leading to their fading-away or rejection by individuals. What immediately stands out in Bulgarian tourists’ opinions of Istanbul is the relation with the present-day, the modern and dynamic nature of the megacity, the culture contrasts and the amalgamation between the familiar and the unfamiliar.
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The article reveals the structure and content of the readiness of preschool age children to school education, comparative results about the level of formation of self-concept, the emotional attitude towards education, the inner attitude of a schoolchild in first grade students, which have attended preschool educational institutions, and which have not are presented.
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Bulgaria is on the verge of its first 4th graders’ participation in the TIMSS 2015 (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) assessment. That is why the analysis of the Curriculum and the representative textbooks is of extreme significance. It is of utmost importance to identify the areas of coincidence, as well as those, where there is a discrepancy in order to align it with the TIMSS 2015 framework. In an attempt to provide such information, in the current article, a brief content analysis is made, and some problem areas are outlined. This could lead to reconsidering the Bulgarian National Curriculum and the respective textbooks in order to improve children’s performance and to develop their knowledge and practical skills.
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The pedagogical study „To measure I know – I can learn everything on my own!“ for 5 – 7 years-old in kindergarten is provided. Theoretical and empirical research shows the possibilities for structuring the positive constructivist learning environment for acquiring basic competences and skills in pedagogical field „Measuring quantities“ (in Mathematics) of children in kindergarten. The methodology of the study has been defined. Constructivist model of the study is proposed, as well as sample scenarios of pedagogical situations that achieve productive educational technology. Conclusions and prospects of the study are summarized.
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The article draws on an empirical data from a study of 12 – 14-years old pupils. It focuses upon the nutrition behavior and its self-control in the context of Bulgarian compulsory secondary education. The study draws upon extensive data from a questionnaire survey (N = 343) with pupils which was conducted in three schools in the region of Smolyan. Drawing on the quantitative data, the article describes restrained eating behavior and its correlations with the weight of the pupils.
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The health problem of children and adolescents in Bulgaria causes anxiety. This paper presents a competency-based programme for creating a healthy lifestyle – defined as a behavior, which ensures health. The health is integration of both sides of the human being – physical and spiritual. The healthy lifestyle is interpreted at meta-competency level by choice, integration and formation of key competencies in primary school students.
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The article discusses the possibilities to implement strategies for development of critical thinking through reading and writing in Literature and Bulgarian language classes and for the formation of communicative skills at primary school age. It describes the use of interactive techniques and methods according to the three-step model: Waking of Interest, Awareness of Meaning, Reflection. The need to apply them is well-grounded because they will give rise to positive attitude towards learning.
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In the article the author presents the preliminary results of her research project on blaxploitation movie‐going culture in Los Angeles in the 1970s oriented towards New Film History paradigm. The term blaxploitation describes the explosion of cheaply‐made black oriented b‐movies that was a consequence of grindhouse popularity and civil rights movement in the late 1960s.
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