Разрешаване на конфликтни ситуации в училище от учители медиатори

Author(s): Tatyana Dronzina,Biserka Mihaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

Life is too short to waste time, energy and stress in dragging the unresolved conflict – especially if it makes you suffer every day. Frequent clashes with violence in schools seem hopeless. Obviously, we can not approach in the same way, i.e. applying only disciplinary punishments and expect a different result. We need to use actual working instruments. Mediation is a powerful tool for resolving conflict situations in school. In school mediation that is also known as school intervention meetings are held in order to achieve mutually satisfying dispute resolution, supported by a neutral third party (mediator) in the cozy space of open dialogue and partnership. School mediation is an effective method for the so called “win-win” resolution of disputes, enabling both sides involved in the conflict to win and continue their relations, having mutual interest. It is possible to transform disputes by school mediation before they have occurred. It is also possible to transfer disagreements into creative energy. The article presents various conflict situations, real for Bulgarian school, and a way that they can be resolved by the teachers-mediators.

Аболиционизмът и механизмите му за взаимодействие с гражданското общество в Нова Англия през 30-те и 40-те години на XIX в.

Author(s): Borislav Momchilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The article highlights various approaches and mechanisms of abolitionist movement and its influence over civil society in New England during 1830s – 1840s. Such type of study is important for bygone events, their explanation, and interpretation for placing them in the modern world. Different types of interpretation provide an opportunity for reflection on the construction of a modern civil society in New England. Research on this issue is undoubtedly a reflection on historical recursion providing an updated look at the events.

Партньорство училище – родители

Author(s): Yanka Takeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Резултати от обучението на студенти – бъдещи учители по биология, с цел формиране на методически умения за работа с интерактивни методи

Author(s): Maria Boycheva,Rositsa Davidova,Anita Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The study is devoted to the problem of organization and realization of professional education of students – future biology teachers, for formation their methodological skills for work with interactive methods of education with the school pupils. There has been presented fragments of the methodological structure of the lessons to the students. The analysis of the results of the study enables us to draw the conclusion that the presented lessons seem to be successful.

Сугестопедия: основни понятия и принципи в светлината на обучението по чужд език

Author(s): Galya Mateva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The current article makes a first attempt to introduce a more detailed presentation of the classical suggestopedia as developed by prof. Lozanov and collaborators from the point of view of foreign language teaching. It deals with basic concepts like suggestion-desuggestion, antisuggestive barriers and means of suggestion. It also focuses on the analysis of the basic principles of suggestopedia and their interpretation in the context of language education. The suggestopedic concepts under review are related to important terms such as language acquisition and language learning, active and passive, text-based and discreet item-based language learning. Finally, the article discusses the Bulgarian contribution of suggestopedia as a holistic method to foreign language teaching and personality development.

Онтогенеза и развитие на съвременното дете и функционирането му в семейството

Author(s): Svetoslava Saeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

This article deals with the issues directly or indirectly connected to educating a child in a modern family. Some ethical issues are being discussed related to widely applied activities within the public space such as ones in the social media, intervention in fertility health treatments, pedagogical practices in nurseries and kindergartens accompanied by the author’s comments altogether with their long-term consequences on the most important individual amongst them – the child.

The Process of Reading and the Teaching of Reading Skills to Pupils with Dyslexia

Author(s): Blagovesta Troeva_Chalakova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The paper explores the strategies applied in teaching reading skills to pupils with the dyslexia. It starts with an analysis of some of the most influential theories of reading development in languages with an alphabetic orthography and the implications they have for teaching reading skills. Next, it identifies the areas of reading acquisition that are most frequently affected in dyslexia, acknowledging the complex and inhomogeneous nature of this specific learning difficulty. Drawing on research on reading interventions, the paper discusses the focus given to structured phonics presented in a rich language environment. It suggests that comprehension developing activities alongside the development of phonological skills should not be underestimated. Additional principles guiding instruction are identified and discussed – multisensory teaching, the role of context, mixed-ability grouping, reinforcement, overlearning and metacognition. Taking into account the variations of each learner’s profile, the author concludes that accommodating the reading instruction to meet each student’s individual needs is what teachers should aim at in order to secure the most inclusive learning environment.

EXPLANATORY PARADIGMS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND REPORTING TO REALITY

Author(s): Vlad Ovidiu Cioacă / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

This article seeks to outline the polemics on the relationship between language and dialect and between language and social inter-action, and to present, in an analytical, synthetic and comprehensive manner, some theoretical models that provide explanatory patterns regarding the way in which language, as the basis of culture, is influencing how we relate to objective reality. First we will make a conceptual distinction on the relationship between dialect and language, we will review the philosophical premises of the issues addressed, after which the emphasis will move on the analysis of the language from four distinct paradigmatic positions: evolutionary, relativist, interactionist and constructivist.

Анатомия на човешката деструктивност

Author(s): Michaela Slavcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Contemporary human beings are a solid, sometimes ambivalent, combination of constructive and destructive powers. Building something new is an inevitable necessity, a useful experience and gives an essential meaning in life. The destruction is a dangerous phenomenon that undoubtedly brings some kind of loss – identity, conception of the world, self-knowledge and adequate evaluation, etc. The anatomy of human destruction is a complex system of pathologies. It focuses on the darkest, unsuspected places of our mind and soul whom not everyone is ready to deal with.

Градинарството в едно планинско село през 40-те и 50-те години на ХХ век: социални аспекти

Author(s): Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The paper deals with practices of vegetable gardening in the village of Mezdreya, Northwestern Bulgaria, before collectivization in 1958. The main question is how gardening affects social relations and, conversely, how getting into particular social relationships “makes” the garden. The interrelation between the plant world in gardens, the gardening practices, the economic interests of families, the social relations within and between families, people’s lifestyle, etc. have been studied. The article presents the interactions between families in the process of growing vegetables in irrigated gardens and in seed exchange, the association between neighbours and collective work in common benefit, the distribution of labour activities in the family by sex and age.

Растения и идентичност: от биокултурните характеристики към валоризацията на местни растителни ресурси

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva,Dessislava Dimitrova,Teodora Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The paper examines the process of transformation of plant species into emblems that play an important role in the construction of local identity and the specific taste of place. By comparing the case of Raduil and Smilyan beans, the authors seek answers to the questions: how a plant crop that has not been the subject of intense cultivation and extensive commercialization becomes a value and is permanently associated with the name of a settlement (area), how this happens in time, what are the main social actors in the process, which are the economic and socio-cultural preconditions, how the valorisation of certain local plant resources is expressed in cultural forms and can be an incentive for activating local communities and economic revival of the studied areas. The bio-cultural dimensions of beans in Smilyan and Raduil and the process of evaluation of these food plants are the main threads in the study.

Биоградината в училище – образователни, възпитателни, здравословни ефекти

Author(s): Albena Nakova-Manolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article analyzes the specific urban agriculture practice of bio-gardening in schools, which continues the tradition of experimental and teaching plots in schools and combines the basic effects of urban agriculture: social, health-related, economic and ecological. Above all, this tradition illustrates the combined social benefits of urban agriculture related to education, upbringing, and social integration. The data presented in the article are drawn from the findings of research (in-depth interviews and focus groups) conducted in the framework of the project Urban Agriculture as a Strategy for Improving the Quality of Life of Urban Communities, financed by the National Research Fund. The data refer to bio-gardens in schools on the territory of Sofia Municipality.

Сензорност и институции – към една възможна сензорна етнография на града

Author(s): Mariya Slavcheva,Petya Petrova-Angelova,Meglena Zlatkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The paper describes the results from the research project “Sensory Ethnography of the City”. The authors discuss some aspects of the theoretical and practical models for the application of the sensory-ethnographic approach in urban studies. The focus of the study is on some multi-sensory aspects of the communication between people with disabilities and institutions. The field research in the framework of the project developed innovative methods, elaborated a theoretical model of the sensory aspects of the relationships between disabled people and institutions, and mapped the places where the citizens meet the administration. The final results of the project were a sensory exhibition, a conference, a book and a round table.

Валентина Ганева-Райчева, Десислава Димитрова, Петър Петров, Теодора Иванова, Юлия Босева, Яна Янчева (авт. кол.). Растения и хора. Приближения към биокултурните връзки. София: Ерове, 2021

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Book review

Darwin’s On the Origin of Species in Russia and in the USSR: some aspects of translation and publication

Author(s): Mikhail B. Konashev / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2021

The translation of Ch. Darwin’s main and most well-known book, On the Origin of Species, had great significance for the reception and development of his evolution theory in Russia and later in the USSR, and for many reasons. The history of the book’s publication in Russian in tsarist Russia and in the Soviet Union is analyzed in detail.The first Russian translation of On the Origin of Species was made by Sergey A. Rachinsky in 1864. Till 1917 On the Origin of Species had been published more than ten times, including the publication in Darwin’s collected works. The edition of 1907– –1909 with Timiryazev as editor had the best quality of translation and scientific editing. This translation was used in all subsequent Soviet and post-Soviet editions. During Soviet time, On the Origin of Species was published seven times in total, and three times as a part of Darwin’s collected works.From 1940 to 1987, as a result of the domination of Lysenkoism in Soviet biology, On the Origin of Species was not published in the USSR.During the post-Soviet period, the book was published only two times, and it happened already in the 21st century. The small number of editions of Darwin’s main book in post-Soviet time is one of the consequences of the discredit of the evolutionary theory in mass media and by the Russian Orthodox Church as well as the rise of neo-Lysenkoism.The general circulation of nine pre-revolutionary editions of On the Origin of Species was about 30,000–35,000 copies. Only four editions which had been released in the USSR from 1926 to 1937 had the total circulation in 79,200 copies. Two post-Soviet editions published in 2001 and in 2003 had already a circulation of only 1,000 copies. Subsequent editions in each period of Russian history was thus some kind of an answer to the scientific, political and social requirements of the Russian society and the Russian state.

Dzikie rośliny w leczeniu codziennych dolegliwości Lasowiaków (na podstawie badań Franciszka Kotuli)

Author(s): Lidia Maria Czyż / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Medical first aid is needed at any time, in any community of people. This is may be difficult for groups isolated because of their place of residence. The ethnographic group of Lasowians, once inhabiting the region of the Sandomierz Primeval Forest, was extremely interesting because of its origins and daily occupations. This area was comprehensively explored by participants of the so-called research camps, organised by the Regional Museum in Rzeszów during the years 1960–1970. The research was mainly initiated by the historian and specialist in regional studies Franciszek Kotula (1900–1983). Those observing the daily life of the Lasowian villages, interviewed individuals who, being of middle age, could remember the realities and various aspects of their ancestors’ daily life. The various domains investigated included treatment of common illnesses with the use of wild or cultivated plants. The related findings, in a form of research reports, today are in the holdings of the Ethnographic Museum in Rzeszów. Analysis of these research reports, by reference to a Polish herbarium, as well as The Book of Herbs by Simon Syrenius, and contemporary literature discussing medicinal plants, shows that the use of plants in rural medicine changed little over the centuries. It is also interesting to consider the origins of medical knowledge presented by those providing premedical care, the question being whether the expertise was based on their own experience and long-standing practice, or perhaps the knowledge was transferred from written sources, present in the manor houses of the nobility, commonly employing rural women. In the 1930s, the areas inhabited by Lasowians were incorporated into the newly established Central Industrial Region, which radically changed the everyday living conditions of this ethnographic group. Its traditions are cultivated by amateur folk ensembles whereas the unique artefacts of Lasowian heritage are collected in the Ethnographic Park established in Kolbuszowa.

Ewolucja pojęcia jakości i metod otrzymywania olejków eterycznych; znaczenie w historii nauk medycznych wybranych olejków eterycznych z obszaru Morza Śródziemnego

Author(s): Małgorzata Biniecka,Małgorzata Wrześniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Many scientific works indicate that essential oils are used in the treatment of many diseases and are of particular importance in aromatherapy, given the science of the existing balance between the mental, neurological, endocrine and immune systems. The paper will take into account the evolution of the methods of obtaining essential oils, methods of testing their quality and use. In addition, selected essential oils produced and used in the Mediterranean area will be described.

Najstarszy zachowany leksykon przyrodniczy na ziemiach polskich. Z warsztatu filologa i wydawcy. Kwestie edytorskie, perspektywy badawcze

Author(s): Piotr Wolski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

This article presents the main issues related to the development and critical edition of the oldest manuscript entirely devoted to the subject of botanical, zoological and pharmaceutical and originating from Poland. Such an issue requires a more detailed discussion and precise presentation to a broad audience not only due to the specific and atypical nature of the research papers, differences in the development of common-use Latin texts and literary texts but also due to its importance for other fields of science: the history of pharmacy and medicine. The article comprises the initial status quaestionis over the manuscript number ms225 – the opus of Jan Stanko, dated 1472, stored away in the Archives of the Krakow Cathedral Chapter. The manuscript has not yet been the subject of a detailed study; some crucial remarks on its subject are included in Józef Rostafiński’s Średniowieczna Historya Naturalna w Polsce, published in Cracow in 1900. By profession, Rostafiński was a botanist, thus his coverage vastly differs from the method in which the text would be analysed by a classical philologist and a book publisher. The article provides preliminary findings on the history of the manuscript, its characteristics and peculiarities, and also raises issues related to the methodology of codicological research facilitating the understanding of the text, including the complexity of the lexis used in the text. Parles the specifics of research on ancient texts that are not Piotr Wolski literary works. The final part of the article illustrates the main objectives: source and linguistic research, the principles of editorial work, as well as further research perspectives.

Проблемите на медицината и здравеопазването в СССР след Втората световна война на страниците на съветската специализирана преса

Author(s): Vladimir Gamza / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article shows how the trends and problems in the development of medicine and health care in the former USSR in the post-war period are reflected in the specialized Soviet journals. The article analyzes how the following topics are considered in medical newspapers and magazines: the relationship between science and practical medicine, the use of innovative technologies for the treatment of various diseases, the features and principles of management of the healthcare system, the influence of political and ideological factors on the processes of decision-making in the field of medicine and health care, etc. The content, structure and specifics of some printed publications are examined in detail. Special attention is paid to the popular science journal “Zdorovye“ (Здоровье) - “Health“

Интервю на А. Касабова и К. Попова с д-р И. Панова – „Изоставените деца на България няма кой… едно време нямаше кой да се оплаква за тях, и ние бяхме техните родители“

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova,Kristina Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023