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Права на природата – насред екологичната есхатология и правната теория

Author(s): Stoyan Stavru / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2016

With the increase of the ecological problems and most of all with the increase of the adverse to human beings climate changes, the question of nature protection from human impact is (more) often raised. This brings a number of ethical and legal questions, including those with the potential to change the subjective structure of the currently existing law. The article attempts to systematize the holders of legal personhood and to locate potential areas for the rights of nature in the law structure. We could outline a “full range of legal entities”, which includes two major categories: physical persons and legal entities. Physical persons can be divided into two groups: people (human persons) and other individuals (nonhuman persons). Legal entities can also be divided into two groups: social entities, the most common of which are corporations, and natural entities, the most common of which are ecosystems. So the outlined categories and groups are symmetric: on one side there are animals as “nonhuman” physical persons and natural formations as legal entities, and on the other side – people as “human” physical persons and their social formations as legal entities. This symmetry in the delineation of possible legal personhoods creates conditions for balance on a structural level – at the level of structure of law there are already comparable mechanisms for balancing the interests of people with those of animals, and the interests of corporations with those of ecosystems.

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Конструирование возраста в журнале «Работница» в советское время

Author(s): V. Yu. Smirnova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The paper deals with the construction of age in the magazine “Rabotnitsa” during the Soviet time. In social context age is especially significant for women, because it has an impact on their lives more than on men’s lives; that is why a magazine for women is under scrutiny in this research. Moreover, it is important to consider how this discourse about age changed during the Soviet time in order to understand contemporary situation with woman aging better. It is worth mentioning that age is a socially determined construct, which should be considered as other social categories like gender in order to create a complex overview of power discourse. During this period of time age was represented by three different types of categories: political, structural and corporal. The way of representation was strongly connected with political regime and economic, cultural and social situation in the country. Youth was the key-concept in all periods. Nevertheless, methods which can help to preserve it ranged from acquisition of literacy and active participation in public life to usage of special corporal anti-age practices and cosmetic procedures.

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ЖЕНСКОЕ ОБРЕЗАНИЕ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ДАГЕСТАН: СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ И КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ

Author(s): Saida Valerevna Sirazhudinova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

This article examines the practice of female genital mutilation in the Republic of Dagestan. The secrecy of this issue requires empirical analysis. We aimed to review the data of empirical research in the Republic of Dagestan. The results of the study allow to reveal the problem of the existence of female circumcision in the Republic of Dagestan, to learn about its prevalence, causes, purposes and types. In the article the focus is on the conceptual understanding of sociological, anthropological and cultural concepts used to describe the causes and determinants of the problem. In this article analysis is focused on the general theoretical concepts of control of women’s sexuality. Female genital mutilation (FGM) practice is rooted in religion beliefs and patriarchal attitudes within a frame of sexual and mental oppression of women such as control of women’s sexuality. For many girls, undergoing FGM, it is a traumatic experience that may adversely affect their physical and mental health. This article intends to investigate the religious and socio-cultural determinants of FGM practice. It draws examples from communities in Dagestan that practice FGM as a rite of religious initiation and a symbol of belonging to the tribal community. Religious leaders (traditional Islam and Salafi) try to preserve and popularize the hidden tradition of female circumcision, citing contradictory religious sources.

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„Символният“ капитал на българското училище

Author(s): Nikolay Tsankov,Veska Gyuviyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This study is influenced by the ideas of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. The assumption is that the external differentiation of the school system conceals a social selection of students, teachers and parents. On an empirical level, the answer to the question of the existence of symbolic capital at school and the students’ explicit or implicit awareness of it is sought.

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Новооткрити документи за историята на една 200-годишна църква

Author(s): Svetlana Muhova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The year 2017 marks the 200th anniversary of the building of the “Dormition of the Mother of God” church in Koprivshtitsa. This important event of the town history was celebrated by a Jubilee Science Conference organized by The Directorate of Museums. The accent was placed on the local church history, which is so far insufficiently studied and popular. My participation in the conference gave me an occasion to share the result of my about four-year work on some documents saved in Koprivshtitsa’s museum archive. Among them, as the most significant and rich in information stands out the previously considered lost The Book of Account of the church, which contains accounting notes for the period 1815 – 1843. Along with it, subject of this article is another newly discovered document, specifically related to the history of the construction of the temple in 1817. It is The Book of Account of the churchwarden Gruju Popgenchovich.

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Био- и неврофийдбек методите в полза на личностното развитие на хората с увреждания чрез стимулиране на креативния им потенциал

Author(s): Youri Ianakiev,Radoslav Shterev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2016

The article introduces the main applications in bio and neurofeedback methods and methods of non-invasive brain stimulation for a broader understanding of the potential of the neurotechnology as a tool for personal development and creativity stimulation. It explores options for therapy and rehabilitation through EEG biofeedback for people with special educational needs. We have presented four cases of application of EEG biofeedback in children with special educational needs – autistic spectrum disorders, attention deficit, intellectual disability and difficulties in social adaptation. We have described the improvements after treatment in relation to social skills, self-regulation, control of attention, neuro-muscular coordination.

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Measuring Knowledge Management Capability Condition on the Support of Marine and Fishery Resources Utilisation

Author(s): Roberto M. K. Teniwut,Cawalinya L. Hasyim,Wellem A. Teniwut / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Economically and ecologically, marine environment plays an important role in all aspects of our life. Throughout human existence, we have relied on the marine environment for food, recreational activities, economic opportunities, and so on. For that reason, it is vital to protect, sustain, and improve the coastal zone as an aquatic resources and a habitat for wildlife. Managing coastal zones require involvements from many different stakeholders; however, the integration of all knowledge types -- including local expertise and scientific knowledge -- with the policymaking is not without challenges. This paper looks at the resource based capability and knowledge-based capability perspectives in measuring the effectiveness of knowledge management in a rural coastal region, Southeast Maluku district. This research uses stepwise regression analysis method with 253 respondents. The results of this study indicate that resources based and knowledge based capabilities in this region are effective in supporting the application of knowledge capability management. However, the ability to obtain information and utilise information has not significantly impacted the development of knowledge capability management of fishery resources and marine in this region at the time of writing.

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Семантични критерии за транссветова идентификация на предметите

Author(s): Elena Tsvetkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

This paper explores the semantics of possible worlds where the rules for the trans-world identification of objects are considered. Different logical theories on the meaning and reference of the name will be considered in the context of the semantics of the possible worlds. The purpose of this study is to show whether the meaning of a name is a criteria for trans-world identification. If the answer to this question is positive, it would mean that the category meaning is objective.In order to answer this question, some philosophical theories on how a definition is formed and how intent and extension are understood will be considered. The aim is to explain how we understand the meaning of the terms objectively, which could serve as a criteria for trans-world identification of objects.

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Театрализираната дейност в процеса на социализация на децата със специални образователни потребности

Author(s): Pelagia Terziyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

The article examines the theatrical activity as a mean for enriching the social experience of small students with SEN and the successful realization of the process of their socialization. The analysis points out the tasks, the rules, the criteria for researching the effectiveness of theatrical activity in this process. Results, by own empirical research, are presented.

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Накити, съдържащи раковини Monetaria (Cypraea) от фонда на Регионален исторически музей – Кърджали

Author(s): Lidiya Kirilova,Sonya Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The subject of this study are two adornments from the fund of the Regional Museum of History – Kardzhali: the first one being from the ninth century and the second one being from the end of the nineteenth century. They include shells of the genus Monetaria sea snails (babki, cowrie) which are typical inhabitants of the Indo-Pacific tropical waters. The purpose of the study is to establish the species to which the shells belong and the symbolism with which they are loaded as parts of these ornaments. The cultural phenomenon of cowrie originates from the epipalleolite in the Middle East. Gradually spreading from there throughout Asia, Africa and Oceania, and through the Mediterranean, it reaches all parts of Europe, including Bulgaria, and the Eastern Rhodopes in particular.

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Polonistyczne obrazy świata. Szkic o kulturowych źródłach dydaktyki szkolnej

Author(s): Marta Krasuska-Betiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 49 (2)/2017

This text’s aim is to draw implications for school didactics that result from the human being’s entanglement in the orders of both, nature and culture. In her considerations, the author attempts at a re-enactment of the manner in which complementary arrangements of nature and culture find their common ground in educational thought, and their objective expression in the sphere of Polish teachers’ education. Yet, the said considerations do not involve all facets of the school subject in question, neither do they relate to any particular stage of education. What is elucidated herein, are merely selected questions of literary culture, namely, the essence of contemporary reading practice being a premise upon which one may raise a cultural anthropology concept of the literary-cultural education that echoes the views by Polish Studies’ theoreticians and practitioners.

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From a Poetics of Space to a Politics of Place: The Topographical Turn in Literary Studies

Author(s): Elżbieta Rybicka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The article’s subject is a topographical turn in literary research, considered in association with the spatial turn in humanities. It in particular concerns contemporary reconfigurations, both in the area of new concepts of space and the discipline itself which is open today for circulation of ideas and notions from other areas. The essay indicates the main directions of interest of the research current in question, including e.g.: new regionalism; ecocriticism; literary urban studies; relations between literary representations of space and individual/collective identity; interrelations between literature and geography. Characterised are the basic determinants of new concepts of space, e.g. connecting spatiality with temporality, reinstated category of site, interest in hybrid(ic)/transitive spaces and heterotopias, and the fundamental shift in the perspective – from a poetics of space to one of site.

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Градината – място на биокултурно разнообразие

Author(s): Petar Petrov,Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva,Dessislava Dimitrova,Teodora Ivanova,Yulia Boseva,Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The first part of the article presents the theoretical and methodological basis of the study of interconnections and interactions between the social and plant world in gardens, with an emphasis on the concept of biocultural diversity. Experience from collaborative field studies of ethnologists and botanists has been shared. The second part presents observations and reflections on the garden as a multilayered topos: an economic but also an aestheticized place; a place of conservation of genetic resources and knowledge, but also of experiments and innovation; a place where the diversity and composition reflects social relations, hierarchies and conflicts, social mobility and migration, memory of important events and loved ones, cultural orientations and values. The analysis shows that the garden is characterized by constant doing and incompleteness, that it is a place where people bring together different spaces and times and that each garden has its own biography that reflects the life trajectories of its owners.

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Mimesis i anthropos albo o przymusie naśladownictwa. Dawkins – Tarde – Girard

Author(s): Dobrosława Wężowicz-Ziółkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2018

Memetics is one of contemporary, posthumanist theories of culture. It postulates that the fundamental mechanism of replicating non-genetic information is imitation (Dawkins) and thus social life and culture exist as a result of our minds’ susceptibility to the units of imitation, known as memes. This article presents a critical synthesis of the stance memeticians take on human mimetism, and through exploration of other concepts (philosophical, sociological, anthropological, psychological and neurobiological) reinforces memetics’ basic premise that human beings are mimetic animals.

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Психосоциални и медицински аспекти при проследяване на случай с Lues – норми, забрани и предразсъдъци

Author(s): Milena Dimitrova,Rositsa Doynovska,Dancho Dilkov,Trayanka Grigorova,Galina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Nowadays, syphilis is both a well-known and a forgotten disease, due to the rarer morbidity and higher effectiveness in the treatment of the infection. Despite that, it poses a challenge, one formed out of, on one hand, the work of the multidisciplinary team/APL, a nurse, an infectionist, a psychiatrist, a dermatologist, a psychologist/and, on the other hand, the prejudices and fears of the patient and his relatives. This is due to the fact that it is most commonly a blood-borne or sexually transmitted and can affect all organs in the human body, causing severe, lasting consequences - both physical and psychological in nature. The high variability of symptoms, the possibility of developing the disease in a wide time range after infection, the need for a complex approach to working with patients all lead to difficulties in the diagnosing and timely treatment of syphilis. This article examines in detail a clinical case of newly-diagnosed neurosyphilis – from the doctor's office to the difficult way out of it, trying to answer the question: Is it possible to have a happy ending in a rather strict, stigmatizing society.

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Modern methods in teaching - learning - assessing biology

Author(s): Cosmina Ioana Livia Ancheş / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The use of the interactive methods in biology lessons -based on the needs of students - is not only away to attract students to school performance which leads to a formative dynamic character and open to the development of various theoretical and practical students’ skills, but it is also a way to arouse students’ interest and motivation.

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W poszukiwaniu perspektywy zoocentrycznej w kinie niefikcjonalnym. Przykład produkcji filmowej Stowarzyszenia Otwarte Klatki

Author(s): Patrycja Chuszcz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 9/2022

Patrycja Chuszcz’s aim in this article is to analyze the film productions of the Open Cages Association, which works for so-called farm animal rights, and to inquire about the attempt to go beyond the anthropocentric perspective in the audiovisual materials created by this organization. She begins her considerations by outlining the tradition of non-fiction film about animals. She discusses the current search for the zoocentric perspective in cinema by documentary and visual artists. Next she analyzes the film productions of the Open Cages Association. She compares the organization’s films with the perspective resulting from interviews with its members and with the literaturę on the subject. The analysis shows that activists – despite contesting a certain sector of modern civilization (related to industrial livestock production) – rely on the broader and prevailing technological-cultural paradigm. This borrowing is manifested, among other things, in the use of an anthropocentric perspective and anthropomorphism in the films created by the Open Cages Association. However, activists adopt this attitude consciously, following the perspective of effective altruism.

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ЖЕНСКЕ ФИГУРЕ У ФРАНЦУСКИМ СРЕДЊОВЕКОВНИМ БЕСТИЈАРИЈУМИМА: БИОЛОГИЈА КРОЗ ПРИЗМУ ИДЕОЛОГИЈЕ

Author(s): Marija Panić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 78/2022

L’article examine la représentation et la valorisation de la féminité dans le corpus formé par cinq bestiaires français traditionnels du XIIe et du XIIIe siècle : le Bestiaire de Philippe de Thaon, le Bestiaire de Gervaise, Le Bestiaire divin de Guillaume de Normandie, le Bestiaire de Pierre de Beauvais et le Bestiaire du pseudo-Pierre de Beauvais. Notre analyse démontre que les figures féminines (humaines et animales) sont représentées dans le corpus conformément avec l’idéologie de cette époque, notamment avec la valorisation des sexes dans le Moyen Âge, héritée de la culture judéo-chrétienne et de l’antiquité grecque et latine.

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The neurobiology of curiosity as a lesson for teachers

Author(s): Dragoş Grigorescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The central idea of the present text is to show that in the formation of the students of tomorrow's world, a fundamental role belongs to the idea of curiosity. Scientific knowledge has recently become, thanks to technological development and the increasingly computerized era, a way of life in which the skills to understand and handle the applications and software increasingly present in everyday life have become inherent requirements of a life quality. Therefore, there is a need for education based on scientific knowledge to be much more present in the school curriculum of the students who will form tomorrow's society. Perhaps one of the most effective means by which students benefit from a science education is the systematic stimulation of native curiosity. We show some ethological and neurological foundations of curiosity that we consider sufficient for a reformulation of standard pedagogy.

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IN MEMORIAM: PROFESORUL HENRI H. STAHL, 120 ANI DE LA NAŞTERE (1901−1991)

Author(s): Ioan Mărginean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2021

In Memoriam Henri H. Stahl (1901−1991).

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