Book review of The Emotions Industry edited by Mira Moshe
Book review of The Emotions Industry edited by Mira Moshe, New York: Nova Publishers, 2014, 265 pages
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Book review of The Emotions Industry edited by Mira Moshe, New York: Nova Publishers, 2014, 265 pages
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The article is devoted to the topic the actuality of which in view of Russian Far East’s shift towards the co-development with the Asia Pacific business is determined by the fact that, in the course of cooperation of the forming Russian business with the Asia Pacific nationals differing in language, mentality, business traditions, behavior vulture and communications there are some problems rising decreasing the level of cooperation efficiency. The need to study business community’s culture of the Asia Pacific for successful joint business predetermines the changing attitude to the study of humanitarian disciplines at all the stages of the educational process. Meantime it should be noted that the restructuring processes in Russia in late ХХ – early ХХI contributing to the intensification of foreign activity in the global market, establishment of market relations and entering into the global market space with over two hundred years’ history and developed traditions, segments, niches, for Russian businessmen are predetermined not only by the study of legal and economic basics of doing business but also by the representation about psychological, motivational, behavioral, world-view specifics of foreign partners. The solution of the above tasks contributes to the growing attention to the study of humanitarian disciplines ensuring better understanding between the representatives of various countries and nationalities, especially within the joint business cooperation and that determines the scientific feasibility of the research topic. As at the contemporary stage of mankind’s development the personality becomes the main acting force transforming the world, close attention from researchers is paid to human culture and spiritual world formation as a part of that phenomenon.
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In sociological theory, there are several concepts in which it is possible to look for the impact of education on transmission of poverty and social inequality. We would like to point to educational system as integral and major part of the reproduction of society. The article shows how education largely affects the life chances and participation of the individual in society, which is closely related to unemployment and poverty. In sociological theories we can meet with several authors that respond to the question why society and social structure are reproduced from one generation to another. The article deals with education as an important factor of intergenerational reproduction of poverty. Based on significant authors dealing with these issues, such as Louis Althusser, Melvin Kohn, Pierre Bourdieu, Basil Bernstein and John Goldthorpe, the article aims at highlighting the idea that the strongest defence against the reproduction of poverty is education.
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Spat at national ballet company also appears to take xenophobic turn.
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The subject and the aim of this paper was to explore how often Internet medium is used and how much the content, used by respondents, has a violent character and encourages to violence among peers in everyday communication and interaction with the environment. A very important factor in the research was directed to encouraging prevention of violence and how much respondents are cooperative in asking for support and help in solving and prevention of this phenomenon. e research was conducted on the sample of 138 students of grammar schools and secondary vocational schools. e research showed that acquiring of a certain behavior model can be caused by watching, observing and reproducing everyday media contents which we then transfer to real interaction with people around ourselves. Acquiring competencies for using media and emphasizing its “power” and significance we shall be able to clearly differentiate a border between our real and virtual world. In line with that we shall know how to behave and be critically exposed to those media and messages they carry. Only by thinking in that way we shall under-stand media and say that we acquired media competence, media education, which includes not only mastering skills and techniques of writing and using technology, but also critical and analytical approach and understanding of media contents.
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The shutdown of small rural schools is determined by a number of demographic and economic factors. The liquidation of an educational institution is a big loss for the village community, for its cultural and social capital. In Poland since 1999 more than 2 500 public schools have been closed down in the countryside. At the same time, there has been developing a social movement concerned with non government organisations taking over the closed down council schools. Measures implemented by the Associations of Rural Development related to the establishment and functioning of private schools in the country are indications of the activity of local communities and participatory democracy. Small schools – apart from the fact that they provide children the right to education and development in a familiar, safe environment – offer an opportunity to renew the communities, rebuild social capital, initiate change and preserve the identity with the locality.
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In contemporary times science takes more and more important position. Scientific topics are interesting not only for professional researchers, but also for wide groups of people who wave contact with them via modern media. The problem is that the view of science in TV, press or the Internet is commonly distorted. Media show scientific area as something what is easy to understand and full of intuitive or absolutely sure results, which are very easy to apply. One of the consequences of described situation can be replacing another subsystems of contemporary society (e.g. religion, law, family, economy) by the scientific system. The article shows set of examples of problematic ways of presentation science, scientists and the results of scientific researches. The main theoretical background of presented considerations are the concepts of Niklas Luhmann, Jozef Życiński, Michael Hanlon and John Brockman.
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A team of Hungarian chefs buoyed by a partisan crowd in Budapest took first place in one of Europe’s most prestigious cooking competitions, the Bocuse d’Or Europe.
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The transformation of a Soviet-era airbase into an ethnographic museum has been controversial, but just won international recognition for its innovative and environmentally friendly design.
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In this paper, we have paid attention to socio-cultural anthropology, and to the finding of the ethnographic fact through social memory. Throughout an anthropological overview we treated how memory presents accumulated layers among generations of a collective and individual memory, through which, social groups express practices of life, create, transmit and preserve their cultural heritage, that makes them differ from other groups. Social memory, in new historical and social terms, with changes in the manner of production, the behavior inside and outside the family, with the departure of the population from rural to urban areas and abroad, in order to point out the ethnographic facts, takes an important and special function. During field expeditions in the ethnographic unit of Cerja in Permet, we collected ethnographic evidence through social memory and we got clear picture on the territorial organization of the village in southern Albania during the twentieth century. Through ethnographic facts, presented in this paper, we learned: a. how was memorized the vital space of the village, the inhabited area that includes the village as settlement, and the economic area, where is the oldest nucleus of the village, objects of worship and good places; and b. memorizing the territorial boundaries of the village, and how they were stored in social memory.
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The idea of university has evolved from its very beginning in the Middle Ages, but in the last two or three decades it has become the subject of revolutionary changes. These changes have become an ideological justification assigning a totally new, difficult to precisely define, social role to the university – at present only one of many higher education institutions. Different definitions of this role are contained and reflected in the concept of the “entrepreneurial university”. Like other contemporary ideological approaches, this concept glosses over the important problem of the sham and superfluous nature of mass education on the higher level, which is leading to a decrease in the quality of education decrease in many fields of study. The “entrepreneurial university” defines the quality of teaching and learning in a spirit which is in contradiction not only to the ancient idea of university, but also to the basic social functions of education. The contemporary ideas of university and the stances taken on them – from acceptance and promotion of the “entrepreneurial university” to criticism of this concept, through to the search for new ideas – leave quite a lot of space for some diagnostic reflection on the present situation of universities and/or higher education in general. This paper is an attempt to develop at least a small part of this space.
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Article examines transformations of career models that emerged as result of dynamic changes This article examines transformations of career models that have emerged as result of the dynamic changes taking place inside the Polish scientific community. The mechanisms in question have evolved in relation to particular trends observed in developed countries, where scientific activities are framed by locally-specific systems. Two such cases are analyzed: the United States and France, and compared with the Polish case. The Polish case study demonstrates concrete borrowings from both the US and French systems. As a result, Poland constitutes a hybrid model. As a consequence, in the context in which this model operates it promotes the selection of young scientists having a different personality profile than the one sought after in the classical model of scientific activity. The main analysis focuses on the majority of contemporary scientists who are working in the natural sciences and engaged in basic research projects - but results of the analysis can be applied to career development in any scientific discipline. The article employs the tools of sociology of work and the approach to science as a human activity borrowed from Ludwik Fleck’s works. The conclusion shows the contradictions in the model promoted by the authorities, based on competition even among members of the same team and an individual perception of achievement, where the focus is on collecting points and survival strategy is the main goal of each researcher. This strategy is typical for the world of freelancers, where people self-finance their own employment and search individually for the financial support necessary to perform their profession. Sociological analysis shows that such working conditions are inadequate for scientific work, which typically develops as a result of a teamwork among groups of people who deeply trust each other, have profound mutual professional respect and are not competition-focused relationships. In addition, the stability of good research teams ensures the high quality effects of their work. However, in the current system long-term contracts are perceived as an inefficient relic of the past (mainly reserved for almost-retired professionals). This is a sign of a lack of knowledge and a deep misunderstanding on the part of decision makers of the specificity of scientific work.
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The ‘shadow’ (also called ‘grey’ or ‘informal’) economy is a multidimensional, complex phenomenon. Its size and specific features are shaped by various policies – e.g. taxation, labour costs, labour market institutions, economic conditions, social attitudes and habits, as well as regional differentiation and mobility costs. However, these are economic analyses that dominate in the the field of shadow economy, and their focus is on its size and shape. Within the framework of an extensive study for the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, we have developed a specialized substudy devoted to exploring the social aspect of the this segment of the economy. The main focus was on identifying the trajectories which lead people into taking unregistered jobs and work, and attempting to understand the social perception of the shadow economy. The results suggest that unregistered work is a specific, fully legitimate social system which provides people with various benefits: not only economic (avoidance of taxation), but also social and psychological. The mechanisms of recruitment in the unregistered labour market sector (i.e. shadow economy) are clearly linked to inefficiencies of the education system, low mobility in the context of the strong regional variation of local labour markets, the dynamic development of the service sector, and low trust in public institutions. Bearing in mind recent developments and trends – especially in the retirement system – we may predict that the grey economy will rather grow than diminish.
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Pitanje gdje umjetnost prestaje biti umjetnost, dakle, pitanje o granicama umjetnosti središnje je pitanje za Gehlenovu estetiku. A gdje prestaje umjetnost za Gehlena? — Gehlen je uzor i za današnju filozofiju umjetnosti utoliko što na to pitanje ne odgovara upućujući na neku metafizičku bit umjetnosti; ali i time što ne istražuje transcendentalne uvjete estetskoga suda. Ne, Gehlen se okreće etabliranoj umjetnosti svojeg vremena, traži vodeću estetsku koncepciju i pita koje mjesto ona zauzima u kulturi društva, koju zadaću tamo ispunjava i želi ispuniti. A pritom Gehlen izravno ili neizravno odgovara i na pitanje o granicama umjetnosti. To određenje granica umjetnosti odvija se kod Gehlena takoreći ex negativo: naime, time što uvriježena razgraničenja umjetnosti svojega vremena podvrgava kritici, te ih nerijetko s upravo kauzističkom duhovitošću razotkriva kao besmislice.
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Taking a leaf out of Orwell’s 1984, the exhibition shows media materials critical of Prime Minister Aleksandar Vucic, labeled ‘lies.’
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Known for cozying up to dictators, the Hollywood action hero was the guest of the Belarusian president.
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Anonymous artist makes a pointed addition to a Minsk mural symbolizing the city’s friendship with Moscow.
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This article briefly overviews the theory of gender performativity and its statements which claim that gender and sexuality are an unstable, constantly changing and transgressive construct. Furthermore, this article applies the established sexual stereotypes in the context of the analysed cultural gender category. This appropriation of standards also criticizes stereotypes that unify individuals in a society. The theory of gender performativity confronts with the established connotations by avowing all aspects of gender and sexuality while denying the authenticity of heterosexuality. This article also presents the application means of gender performativity in gay communities, where the pornopticon territory is established due to the emerging erotic energy. Distinct tendencies of gay subcultures emerge in the context of pornopticon. There are three gay subcultures analysed in the article (Radical Faeries, Leathermen, Bears) each of which has a unique uniform and community free time practices. However, these subcultures are not immune to the stereotypes which stigmatize gays who do not conform to the canons imposed by the society.The performance “Publika” created by G. Varnas in 2010 is analysed based on the discussed theoretical perspectives. The analysis of the performance presents the punchy visual images of homosexual men common to gay subcultures. It should be noted that the tendencies of leathermen and radical faeiries gay communities are represented in the performance “Publika”, as are the characteristics of twink homosexuals. The performance reveals the acts of performativity in cases of characters juggling not only their identities but also the identities of others. The characters of the performance create the area of pornopticon by using the power of homosexual gaze in internecine interactions and while applying the erotized energy of their bodies. This visualised pornopticon is expressed by the images of stereotyped gay subcultures. The characters continually cite the ironically applied stereotypes of femininity and masculinity and create a performative territory of gender and sex games, while at the same time deconstructing the aforementioned established stereotypes by embodying them. This article reveals the fact that the characters of the performance “Publika” by G. Varnas become a hegemonic power and destruct the heteropatriarchic authority. They also present a multidimensional spread of gender and sexuality, as well as reveal their never-ending transgression, which becomes erotically dynamic in the context of pornopticon.
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The current publication presents the inventory of the art collection of Stasys Šilingas, a political figure of the interwar independent Lithuanian state, amassed in the family’s country house in the Misiūnai estate, which was compiled in the summer of 1940 after the Soviet occupation, at the beginning of nationalization of estates, and the possible ways of art-critical interpretation of this inventory. The document has been published and analyzed before by art historian Dalia Ramonienė, thus in this case new approaches to the already known data source are sought, and inaccuracies of the earlier interpretations are corrected. The publication consists of two parts: the text of the source, and its commentary. The commentary on the source seeks to reveal the taste of the com- piler of the collection, his motives for collecting artworks, and to show how Šilingas’ collection is typical of interwar Lithuania.
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This article analyzes the effect of global financial crisis on subjective well-being and work conditions of the public and private sector employees. The study is based on the analysis of data of the 4th, 5th and 6th waves of the European Social Survey wherein populations of the majority of European countries (including Lithuania) were asked different questions about their life and work conditions. The empirical analysis is focused on the changes of subjective well-being and work conditions of the public and private sector employees during the global financial crisis. Analysis of the survey data showed that, overall, the global financial crisis seems to have an effect on the general cognitive and emotional subjective well-being. However, it had little or no effect at all on evaluations of health and material (financial) status. In Lithuania, unlike elsewhere in Europe, evaluations of material (financial) status showed considerable variation during the period of crisis. The study also revealed that employees of the private sector in Europe to a larger extent experienced changes of working conditions during the global financial crisis. In this regard, the case of Lithuania was again distinctive as a much larger share of Lithuanian respondents declared that they experienced wage cuts during the period of crisis, and it was a little more characteristic for the public sector.
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