Działalność pedagogiczna Eugeniusza Stepanowa – profesora języka i literatury rosyjskiej w Gimnazjum Lubelskim w latach 1856-1863

Author(s): Ireneusz Sadurski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The work explores the paths of Stepanov’s career as a teacher in Province Junior High School in Warsaw, Lublin, Local School in Łęczyca. The memoirs of the former pupils of the Lublin Junior High picture him as a man of great European culture, rare righteousness and the softest of hearts. He was respected and liked by the students, who held him in a much higher esteem than many Polish teachers. Of all the Russian teachers of Lublin Junior High School, only Stepanov settled in Lublin. He was married to Paulina Konarska, with whom he had a son and three daughters. After retiring, he became one of the more established photographers in Lublin in the second half of the 19th century. This is also where he passed away in 1878. He was buried at the cemetery on Lipowa Street in Lublin.

Teleki László, a fogarasi román boérok követe a kolozsvári diétákon

Author(s): Ambrus Miskolczy / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 08/2021

Paradoxically, one of the most conservative jurisdictions, the Romanian province of Fogaras/Făgăraş, elected one of the most radical figures of the Hungarian liberal reform movement, Count László Teleki, as its ambassador to the Diet. This also illustrates the dialectic of the situation: the liberals pursued a policy of modernising reform with a disaffected electorate, seeking to strengthen the constitutionalism of the order to transform it into a modern constitutional system of representation, while bargaining with an imperial leadership that itself was tactical in its adherence to imperial absolutism. At the beginning of the 1840s, the press in Kolozsvár/Cluj proclaimed a liberal policy of social reform, and proposed bills that, if passed by the ruler, would set a precedent for the reformist opposition in Hungary to pursue further reform policies. But by 1846 Transylvania had become the scene of a conservative counterattack. The liberals were isolated. This explains László Telekiʼs radicalism and tendency to pessimism. But Fogarasiʼs experience confirmed that it was still possible for nationalities to live together after the horrors of the civil war of 1848-49.

Hogy az 1848–1849-es forradalmat és szabadságharcot és hőseit magunkénak érezzük

Author(s): Iringó Tóth Gödri / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 11/2021

Katona Tamás – Ráday Mihály: Az 1848/1849-es forradalom és szabadságharc emlékhelyei. III. – Arcok és sorsok. Hol sírjaik domborulnak. Szerk. Csorba László. Corvina Kiadó, Bp., 2020.

SENJSKA MEDALJA IZ GODINE 1872

Author(s): Ivan Mirnik / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/1988

Senj, the ancient Senia, boasts of a rich mediaeval and modern history. For several centuries it was governed by the Princes of Krk, the later Frankopan/Frangipani family, until 1469, when it fell under the rule of King Mathias I Corvinus of Hungary and Croatia (1458-1490). The town's old statute of 1333 was confirmed by Ferdinand I in 1532, as well as by Ferdinand III in 7640. The latter gave the city the charter of a royal and free town in 1652. Empress and Queen Maria Theresia (1740-1780) also confirmed the city's rights in 1741, yet in 7776 Senj became part of the Military Border as a defence against the Turks. As a garrison and fortress Senj remained within the Military Border until 7577 when, being no longer necessary, this defence system was abolished. In 1872 Senj received back its Statute after almost a century. This major event was commemorated by a medal made by Franjo Karres (d. 1889) of Zagreb. The obverse shows us the coat-of-arms of the town, whereas the inscription on the reverse tells us that the town has again been granted its statute on the Jrd April 1872. Such medals were struck in silver and in pewter.

MEMBRII MAGISTRATULUI ORĂŞENESC AL RÂMNICULUI ÎN PERIOADA 1831–1863

Author(s): Bogdan-Dumitru Aleca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2013

The Organic Regulation has significantly contributed to the organization of modern urban life in Wallachian cities and towns. The new law gave cities the right to organize freely and elect their mayors and aldermen. It thus formed a “Magistrate” [City Council] of the city, consisting of a chairperson, three members and two alternates elected annually among the deputies of the suburbs. The new institution had many responsibilities in the administration of the city, education, health and security of the population. To accomplish all these duties, the municipality had specialized personnel monitoring the implementation of its decisions and the national legislation: regulations regarding health, cleaning roads, buildings. Identification of members of the urban institution during the years 1831–1863 and the analysis of results aquired during the exercise of their office in the city of Ramnic are the purpose of this text.

ROLUL CULTURAL ŞI FILANTROPIC AL FAMILIEI MIHAIL

Author(s): Ileana Cioarec / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2013

The present article focuses on the cultural and philanthropic role played by the Mihail family in Romanian society and especially in Oltenia. At the end of the nineteenth century and early twentieth-century, members of this family are involved in the onset and development of numerous cultural institutions: agricultural school model Barza, the Philharmonic Society of Craiova. They provided with large sums the Carol I High School and granted the students of this institution many scholarships and books. Just after the death of the last male representative of this family, in 1936, the Romanian state became the legatee of all properties with specific missions: the foundation of upper agriculture school in Bucharest, a hospital in Caracal and some maternities in Bucharest and Craiova, improving the situation of rural churches, and mutual aid for the poorest people.

RELAŢIILE DE MUNCĂ PE DOMENIUL COROANEI SEGARCEA: UTILIZAREA FORŢEI DE MUNCĂ LA LUCRĂRILE AGRICOLE (1884–1948)

Author(s): Narcisa Maria Mitu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2013

Between 1899–1948, the exploitation of the agricultural lands that belong ed to the Segarcea Crown Domain, was done both through the administration and also through leasing, the labor being made first of all by the dwellers from the villages of the Administration and also by those from the neighboring villages or even from other administrations. During the leasing period, they concluded agreement contracts. The land the peasants committed to cultivate had to be labored according to the indications of the agricultural engineers and to the conditions imposed by the leadership of the Administration. With human workforce, a constant preoccupation was represented by the endowing of Segarcea administration with agricultural implements, tools and machinery that had a crucial role in increasing the productivity and the quality of produces. The present article is focused on the analysis of these particular conditions that made Segarcea Crown Domain an innovative and performant economic exploitation.

CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND STRUCTURA PROPRIETĂŢII ÎN ROMÂNIA, ÎN PERIOADA 1864–1918

Author(s): Florin Nacu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XIV/2013

The present article, the result of a doctoral research, provides a brief review of past key dates regarding the evolution of the property structure in modern Romania. The information from the documents used help us to better understand the importance of a peasant property that will keep its importance until quite lately and inspired lively discussions among Romanian and foreign specialists.

THE CROWN DOMAIN AT THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITIONS (1884-1948)

Author(s): Narcisa Maria Mitu / Language(s): English Issue: XI/2010

Through the participation at exhibitions, the Romanian productsissued from the Royal Estate had the chance to enter and be known oninternational markets. It testified by so many requests over time for acquiringsome products, especially wooden products and wine. The internationalexhibition from Paris in 1900 has been a success for the Royal Estate ofRomania, as it evidenced by the receipt of 21 medals. Starting with this year,this institution has been regularly present to all international exhibitions whereRomania was invited to exhibit. We could note in this regard the exhibitions fromLemberg - Ukraine (1925), Warsaw - Poland (1929), New - York - SUA (1938)

Alexis de Tocqueville a rabszolgaságról meg a rasszizmusról, Ádám Péter bevezetőjével

Author(s): Péter Ádám / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2-3/2020

Ismeretlen konzervatív kiegyezéstervezet – 1864

Author(s): Ágnes Deák / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2021

Between 1860 and 1865, various groups of the Hungarian conservatives made several attempts to elaborate a program about the constitutional status of Hungary within the Habsburg Empire and to have it accepted by Francis Joseph I, the Viennese imperial elite, and by the Hungarian liberals who dominated political public opinion in Hungary. Two of these attempts, that of October 1860 and the two conservative compromise plans made in the spring of 1863, are known in detail. Another such attempt was made early in 1864, under the leadership of Count Antal Forgách, Hungarian Chancellor. The group, which wanted to base the settlement on the constitutional position preceding the laws of April 1848, came forward with the same program as in the year before. Their hopes were now enhanced by the fact that in the meantime the authority of state minister Anton Schmerling had been thoroughly undermined both within the Austro-German liberal political camp and before the ruler. The paper presents their memorandum, which has so far avoided the attention of historians, and tries, on the basis of the contemporary press, to outline the political context of its elaboration.

Egy gyilkosság anatómiája

Author(s): Zoltán Gőzsy / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2020

Karl-Peter Krauss: Mord an der Donau. Leopold von Márffy und die deutschen Untertanen in Tscheb [1802–1812]. Eine Mikrogeschichte der Gewalt. Südosteuropäische Arbeiten 160. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Berlin, 2018

Országgyűlési választások, érdekképviselet és választási részvétel Pesten (1878–1884)

Author(s): Anita Berecz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2020

Gerhard Péter Deszkafalak és potyavacsorák. Választói magatartás Pesten a Tisza Kálmán-korszakban. Korall. Társadalomtörténeti monográfiák 10. Budapest, 2019. 371 oldal

Hivatali eskü a magyar közszolgálatban

Author(s): Julia Bavouzet / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2020

This study proposes an archaeology of the official oath in the royal Hungarian administration, from the first centuries of the Christian statehood to the end of the monarchy in 1918. The evolutions of the oath pronounced by the councilors (in various medieval councils, dicastries and later in the 19th century’s ministries) allows replacing in the longue durée this complex phenomenon, the persistence of which until today shows a remarkably long-lasting tradition. First to be addressed here is the issue of implementing a mandatory oath for the king’s and later the state’s servants, crystallizing the bureaucratization and professionalization of the administration. The second issue is specific to the 19th and 20th centuries, and focuses on the multiple reformulations of official oaths during revolutionary periods: how did evolve the duty of loyalty between allegiance to the king, the constitution, the country and finally the nation? In order to achieve this study, oath-templates were collected from various official sources (Corpus Juris Hungarici, Rendeletek Tára) as well as from archival oath-repositories (libri juramentorum). The political as well as ritual dimensions of the oath taking (and its refusal) are just incidentally part of our study.

Egy szerencsés város és tágabb vidéke a „Nagy évben”

Author(s): Krisztián Kemény / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2020

Süli Attila: Torda megye és Aranyosszék szabadságharca 1848–49-ben. Tortoma Kiadó, Barót, 2018. 270 oldal

ПРВА (ЕНГЛЕСКА) ПЕСМА О КАРАЂОРЂУ

Author(s): Čedomir Antić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 42/2021

The poem ‘Czerny George’, written by Rev. George Croly, is one of the earliest verses dedicated to the leader of the First Serbian Uprising (1804/1813) and the first ruler of modern Serbia – Karađorđe Petrović, Black George (1769–1817). It was published just ten weeks following the assassination of Karađorđe, and five weeks after the news had reached the British Isles. Although the poem is well known, its full literary translation into the Serbian language has not yet been the subject of a study in its own right.

РАСПИС О УСТРОЈСТВУ ПОЛИЦАЈНОГ ОДЕЉЕЊА ПОПЕЧИТЕЉСТВА ВНУТРЕНИХ ДЕЛА КНЕЖЕВИНЕ СРБИЈЕ ИЗ 1857. ГОДИНЕ

Author(s): Vladimir M. Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 42/2021

The bureaucratic mechanism that emerged in Serbia during the first half of the 19th century was very much like those that already existed in neighbouring European monarchies. Centralised police power was the backbone of the entire state administration. The constitutional provisions of 1838, which remained in force for more than two decades, were of special importance for the further development of bureaucratic structures in the Principality of Serbia. This was especially so because of the fact that the Constitution for a long time limited the number of state departments that could exist in the Principality. Unable to establish new ministries, the central state administration established new departments within the Ministry of the Interior. By 1857, the police administration had branched out to such an extent that the increase in the volume of its work caused frequent delays and an over-accumulation of responsibilities in many district offices. It was a process of excessive bureaucratisation, which strained the capacities of the regional administration to the extreme until the middle of the 19th century, as was evidenced by the Circular Letter of 1857.

SLIKA JOSIPA FRANKA U HRVATSKOJ ISTORIOGRAFIJI I PUBLICISTICI: PREGLED DOSADAŠNJIH INTERPRETACIJA

Author(s): Petar Ćurčić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2022

The aim of this work is to examine the interpretations of Josip Frank’s political activity. Josip Frank (1844-1911) was a prominent turn of the century Croatian political figure and nationalist and liberal leader. As a controversial figure, his political ideas were thoroughly examined and evaluated in historiography through the last decades. There was no consensus among historians about his historical role. During the existence of Yugoslavia, the prevailing interpretations of Frank’s political principles were mainly negative. The reason for these negative interpretations was Frank’s anti-Serb ideology, which dominated his political discourse and as such was not viewed very favorable by Yugoslav historians. Not only this negative perception, but also a condemnation of memory was present in historiography. On one hand, it was caused by the views of his political opponents who had written several studies about Ante Starčević forgetting to mention Josip Frank. Actually, it was a peculiar struggle for domination whose final aspiration was a specific ideological and practical prevalence among pro-Starčević’s Croatian politicians and voters. On the other hand, during the so-called Independent State of Croatia it was the result of the Ustasha regime’s anti-Semitic policy. After the fall of communism and the breakup of Yugoslavia, a positive reception of Frank’s significance inspired by a historical reevaluation of his role, as well as by political momentum (Croatian independence, war with Serbs etc.) became dominant in contemporary Croatian historiography.

ПРЕГЛЕД ОРГAНИЗОВАНОГ РАДА НАЦИОНАЛНЕ АКЦИЈЕ СРПСКЕ ВЛАДЕ У МАЋЕДОНИЈИ И СТАРОЈ СРБИЈИ КРА ЈЕМ 19. ВЕКА

Author(s): Slaviša Nedeljković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2012

Of all the cities in Macedonia and Old Serbia which comprised the field of the Serbian national work, Skoplje had the special place. This town represented a fragile spot of confrontation of the different aspirations of the Balkan countries on one side, and Turkey on the other. Skoplje had a special significance for the spreading of the national action in Serbian territories in Macedonia. This was the gate to the south through which a cultural and educational propaganda of the Kingdom of Serbia should reach the Serbian population in Macedonia. The end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century brought about the worsening of the political situation in Old Serbia and Macedonia. Serbian national workers encountered many ordeals. Beside the Turkish authorities and the Albanians which represented a constant threat, the great obstacle to the Serbian national work was ever more dangerous Bulgarian propaganda as well as the repellent attitude of the Carigradska patrijaršija (Residence of the Patriarch of Carigrad) in the settling of the church issues. Turkish authorities would not acknowledge the existence of the Serbs in Skoplje – in other words, they would not acknowledge the existence of the Serbian minority in Turkey. The similar attitude was held by the Bulgarians and the Greeks. The negation of the existence of the Serbs in Skoplje should serve as a reason for denying Serbia the right to this city and other Serbian territories in Macedonia. However, despite such an attitude, the historical documentation shows that the Serbian people was significantly and numerously represented in Skoplje and comprised an important part of the Christian population in these territories.

ПРЕДЛОГ О ОТВАРАЊУ СРПСКИХ КОНЗУЛАТА У ПРИЗРЕНУ И ВЕЛЕСУ

Author(s): Mile Stanić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2012

The paper Proposal on opening the Serbian consulates in Prizren and Veles was published in its entirety upon the initiative of Mihailo Ristić to open consulates in the mentioned cities. Ristić was the Serbian Consul in Skoplje and a good connoisseur of circumstances at the end of the 19th century on the territory of Old Serbia and Macedonia. He submitted the commented proposal on 27th July 1897 to the then president of the Council of the ministries and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Djordje S. Simić. By the decree of King Aleksandar Obrenović of 27th May 1899, the Consulate in Prizren was opened and the retired Colonel Jovan Mihailović was appointed as a Consul of 1st Class. The Consulate actually never commenced its work because it was obstructed by Albanians supported by the Turkish authorities. Regarding the opening of the Consulate in Veles, despite the existence of this proposal, we have not found any data confirming that the Serbian Government had undertaken in this field any actions.