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Kršćanska teologija kao odgovor na islamski izazov – Historijska perspektiva

Author(s): Stefan Schreiner / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 61/2015

Od samog početka su kršćani, osobito kršćanski teolozi, Muhamedovu objavu, i iz nje proizašlo nastajanje islama kao religije i religijske zajednice sa zahtjevom na vlastitu Objavu i iz nje izvedenim odnosno na njoj utemeljenim zahtjevom na Istinu, na jednoj strani, i brzo širenje ove nove religije i područja vladavine njenih pristalica, na drugoj strani, shvatili ne samo kao društveno-politički nego, upravo, i kao teološki izazov. To se po kršćanskom uvjerenju uopće nije moglo desiti da se post Christum natum, nakon objave kroz Isusa (Mesiju) Krista, tačnije: nakon samoobjave Boga dogodi još jedna druga, nova Božija objava, kada se samoobjava Boga kroz Isusa Krista po svjedočanstvu poslanice Hebrejima dogodila “jednom za sva vremena” i “konačno” (Heb 7,27).

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MODERN TÜRK TARİHÇİLİĞİNDE TÜRKLERİN MÜSLÜMAN OLUŞU

Author(s): M. Serkan Taflioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 16/2012

In the social and the humanitarian sciences, throughout the historical process, presenting the concepts and the facts is one of the most hard issue. The core reason of this meanwhile studying the facts and the concepts are evaluated in varied perspectives. Convertion Turks to Islam is not an exception. Convertion of Turks in such a extensive area occured afterwards hundred years. Perception and discourse of the Historians in transfering the knowledge to the generations are vital. In our study we try to set forth How the contemporary Turkish historians analyze the convertion of Turks.

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MODERN TÜRK TARİHÇİLİĞİNDE TÜRKLERİN MÜSLÜMAN OLUŞU

Author(s): M. Serkan Taflioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 15/2012

In the social and the humanitarian sciences, throughout the historical process, presenting the concepts and the facts is one of the most hard issue. The core reason of this meanwhile studying the facts and the concepts are evaluated in varied perspectives. Convertion Turks to Islam is not an exception.Convertion of Turks in such a extensive area occured afterwards hundred years. Perception and discourse of the Historians in transfering the knowledge to the generations are vital. In our study we try to set forth How the contemporary Turkish historians analyze the convertion of Turks.

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BEWERTUNG UND ANALYSE ZUR ENTSTEHUNG DER ISLAMISCHEN SCHULEN

Author(s): Ibrahim Usta / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 11/2011

Like every other religion, the Islam has offered mankind a new system of life and ideology. For lots of people Islam has different and personal, as well as ideological and political meaning. The disunity which has begun when the prophet Muhammad died, has started time after time massive discussions, even war. In this work are the reasons for the development of the Islamic schools historically, culturally and sociologically analyzed.

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Fundamentalizm w świetle wybranych koncepcji psychologicznych

Author(s): Anna Zasuń / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The aim of the article is to show the psychological roots of fundamentalism, which can be found in each type of the phenomenon, as well as analysis of fundamentalism, as a specific configuration of personality traits which can lead every worldview and ideology. Definitional basis for the fundamentalism is the psychological concepts, that relate to personality, cognitive style, refer to the prejudices, as well as to the concept of authoritarian personality and its constitutive characteristics. An author of the article asked about so-called “fundamentalist personality” (D. Motak) based on the diversity of the manifestations of this phenomenon and its correlation with the concepts of authoritarianism (E. Fromm, T.W. Adorno, S. Pfürtner, A. Künzli), dogmatism (M. Rokeach), intolerance and ethnocentrism. It also was taken into account psychological attitudes category (along with its emotional component, cognitive and behavioral), which was basis to presented fundamentalism

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Ideologiczne aspekty zaangażowania Rosji w syryjskiej wojnie domowej 2011–2017

Author(s): Krzysztof Kościelniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

This article presents an overview of the principal results of research on the historically-oriented policy of Russia’s activity in the Middle East in the context of the case of Syrian- Ba’thist secularism. Firstly, supported by Russia the secular approach of the Syrian Baath Party has provided integration of the Alawites, Christians and other minorities into the political system and society. Secondly, Russia has used memories of many religious warfare and Islamic (Sunni) persecution of Alawites and Orthodox Christians. Using this kind of collective memories, Russian policy has linked many Christian nations. Thirdly, one of the misunderstandings is that the United States and some EU countries judge Assad and Syria by the modern standards of post 1990 Western Europe; Putin and Russia are judging matters in the context of over two hundred years of confl icts and persecutions. Probably, it is a new round of competition between the Anglo-Saxon liberal optimism and historical Russian pessimism. The problem is that in the case of Assad’s fall Washington and none of its Western allies are able to provide long-term security for Syrian minorities according to their democratic standards. Paradoxically, the Alawites and Christians automatically see Russia as a natural protector of human rights at least in terms of religious freedom. Unfortunately, today’s western support for ‘democracies’ in the Middle East (Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and Libya) has been unsuccessful.

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Принос към изследванията на салафизма

Author(s): Yordan Peev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

Book Review

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“Brad Pitt Halal” and the Hybrid Woman: Gender Representations and Religion through Turkish Soap Operas

Author(s): LAROCHELLE Dimitra Laurence / Language(s): English Issue: 24 (2)/2019

Through this article we aim to present the results of our empirical research concerning the impact of religion on gender representations projected through Turkish soap operas. Since 2000, Turkey aims to become a model of a Muslim but democratic and modern country in the region especially for other Muslim countries. Even if AKP is not an explicitly religious party, the statements effectuated from times to times by its representants indicate an important convergence between the religious values and the party’s political and social priorities. Within this context, Turkish soap operas, function not only as tools of the country’s soft power outside Turkey’s borders and of promotion of its neo-Ottoman political orientation but also as tools for the promotion and the perpetuation of the government’s world view inside the country. The taboo of the sexuality and the importance of motherhood, the underrepresentation of LGBTQ community members, of ethnic or of religious minorities, the “sin” and the attribution of justice are some of the elements we discuss in the present article.

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Converging Identities, Emerging Discourses: Muslim Fe-male Voices in British Media

Author(s): Ahmed Sameera T / Language(s): English Issue: 24 (2)/2019

There is an increasing presence of female Muslim voices in both mainstream British media and minority or community media as greater access has enabled them to create spaces for themselves in print, broadcast and new media. In converging their gender and religious identities, they are generating new discourses that challenge widely held stereotypes and starting new conversations about what it means to be female, British and Muslim. Using interview data from five journalists and examples of media discourses, this paper shows how the articulation of gendered and religious identities is evidence of a growing confidence and continued agency among young Muslim women in the UK.

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Crossing the Divide between Christianity and Islam: Representations of Religious Conversion in Three Seventeenth-Century English Plays

Author(s): Ludmilla Kostova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

This article focuses on three English plays, The Renegado, or the Gentleman of Venice (1624) by Philip Massinger, The Tragedy of Mustapha, Son of Solyman the Magnificent (1665) by Roger Boyle, Earl of Orrery, and The Siege of Constantinople (1675) by Henry Neville Payne, which were written at a time when the illdefined entity generally known as “the West” today was not in the ascendant and apprehensions of the expansionist Ottoman Empire and its dependencies in North Africa played an important role in European social and political life. The plays are approached from a historicist perspective as attention focuses on anxieties aroused by the early modern European perception of Islam as an alien religion that nevertheless attracted Christians and incited them to convert. Representations of religious conversion are also analysed in terms of gender differences. In addition, each of the plays is read as a response to a particular set of social and political problems, which troubled early modern England and were re-imagined through dramatized stories of encounters between Muslims and Christians.

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المنهج النقدي عند المحدثين من منظور علم النفس المعرف

Author(s): Asmaa AL BOGHA / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 2/2022

This research deals with reading the psychological states through Islamic knowledge that includes the method of hadith criticism. Because, in the hadith studies, we understand that the critic makes evaluations in the field of cognitive psychology even though he or she doesn’t use psychological terms. The implementations of these scientific rules related to the science of cognitive psychology, which is used to accept or reject hadiths, reveals that there is a similarity between these two sciences because their subject is human knowledge. Scholars of both sciences were compared in terms of cognitive processes such as attention, memorization, memory and measurement tests, and some subjects related to human psychology, which are the focus of these processes, such as their abilities, motivations and the imbalances that affect them. After that, examples from the studies of the hadith scholars and researchers in the science of psychology were presented in the method of criticism in order to determine the points where they converged and diverged. As a result, although they differ in terms of starting point and result, it was concluded that there is a partial similarity between the two sciences in terms of subjects related to mental actions. The condition for the Zabt of the Thiqa definition of hadith critics includes the meaning of attention that psychologists talk about. However, the hadith scholars were more selective in this regard due to the Shari’a reasons such as good deeds and sins. In cognitive psychology, researchers have proven that people’s mental abilities play a role in attention and focus. The attention of hadith critics, who made comparisons among the narrators, concentrated on this point in order to distinguish the acceptable one from the others.

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POZITIVNA ISKUSTVA U ORGANIZACIJI MEKTEPSKE POUKE U DŽEMATU

Author(s): Šejla MUJIĆ KEVRIĆ / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 92/2022

The present text illustrates positive experiences of the city jamaat in the Majlis of the Islamic Community in Livno in its functioning in general and in its organisation of the maktab class in particular. The article also offers some examples of this positive practice presenting the parameters that after ten years have brought the positive results in a jamaat with a unique organizational structure. The unique nature of this jamaat lies in a fact that the students of three different city jamaats are mixed in respective classes in the Maktab Center of the Majlis of the Islamic Community in Livno. Further in the article, we shall address this particular organization as the city jamaat.

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ASPEKTI ONTOLOGIJE ISLAMA: FERID MUHIĆ

Author(s): Orhan Bajraktarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 94/2023

Muhić in his work Ontology in Islam analyses the phenomenon of Islam in a conjunction between philosophy and religion. Herein he discusses the culture and the history of religions, particularly Islam and Muslims in Europe, but also anti-Islamic conceptual tendencies and habits which have been systematically generated and bred in centres of political power in Europe and the United States. Discrimination against Muslims today, marking them as “defective Muslims” is an ideologically motivated trend and it is part of an organized project which in the Balkans instigated genocide committed against Bosniaks as well as a large-scale genocidal crime that was committed against Albanians. Thus Muslims in Europe are terminally disqualified whereas non-Muslims are permanently privileged. It is essential that the perpetrators of these crimes, whosoever they are as well as “the collective perpetrators”, are brought to justice. The radicalisation of Islam, and the Islamisation of radicalism, is an evident fact in Europe today. On the other hand, Muhić here stresses that speculation and philosophy are left out of the history of Islamic studies and tradition since the third century of Islam. Thus, he places before us the significant but forgotten questions of the general history of philosophy and religion, questions of the general history of Islam, and the Islamic revelation as a timeless and transcendent phenomenon. He offers some brave answers highlighting the fact that the God of Revelation and the God of religion is also the God of the intellect, the God of Science. This work demonstrates one exceptional new tendency in great religions as well as in philosophy, and that is the notion of secular thought taking the place of the old, traditional decayed theology and theological thought in religion.

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ANALIZA SLOBODA U MUSLIMANSKIM DRUŠTVIMA IZ PERSPEKTIVE BOSANSKIH AUTORA

Author(s): Senad Ćeman / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 24/2023

Review of: Admir Čavalić i Resul Mehmedović (ur.), Slobode u muslimanskom svijetu, Udruženje građana „Multi”, Tuzla, 2022

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Islamic Theolinguistics in the Context of Interdisciplinary Research: Religious Thoughts and Communication in a Multilingual Space

Author(s): Patimat Magomedova / Language(s): English,Russian,Avaric,Arabic Issue: 28/2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of some issues of an interdisciplinary field of knowledge that has emerged relatively recently at the junction of theology and linguistics – theolinguistics. The relevance of the research is determined by the demand for new interdisciplinary scientific developments explaining the mechanisms of explication of religious concepts in linguoculture, representing a comparative picture of the integration of linguistic conceptual and theocentric aspects of the description of different structured languages. The main purpose of the article is to present the experience of reconstructing the religious (Islamic) concept as a value-cognitive and ideological constant on the example of the concept of Haram/ХIарам in Russian and Avar linguistic cultures. At the same time, structural and substantive similarities and differences in the reflection and consolidation of certain religious content in languages are established, which makes it possible to build an adequate invariant model of the concept under study in the context of comparative theolinguistics. Similarities and differences may depend, first of all, on the specifics of a person's religious-linguistic consciousness, his perception of the world; secondly, they may be due to the discourse in which the concept is explicated, and therefore objectification takes place in different pictures of the world (religious, everyday (naive), etc.), cognitive-semantic, communicative-pragmatic and sociolinguistic mechanisms of realization of theological thought and modeling of religious communication in Russian-speaking Islamic discourse. Based on the assertion that common basic religious concepts are found in the national languages of different ethnic groups professing the same confession, it can be suggested that representatives of different ethnic groups find unity in spiritual terms, common in mentality, worldview and world perception; they are united by a single religious language, a single faith and love for a single God. The similarities in the compared linguistic cultures are represented by the conceptual component of the concept of Haram, the differences are determined by the value component and the scale of the semantics of the representative lexemes. The concept frame Haram is a concept with a multilevel structure, which creates, firstly, difficulties in reconstructing the concept, calculating the model of the concept under study, and secondly, difficulties in adequately translating it from Arabic into Russian and Avar languages. The interpretation of religious concepts seems to be a complex and ambiguous process, involving the complex application of linguosemiotic, linguoculturological and theoconceptual approaches in the study of linguistic phenomena.

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OCJENE I PRIKAZI

Author(s): Emrah Seljaci,Velida Mataradžija,Hatice Oruç,Muamer Hodžić,Enes Pelidija,Aladin Husić,Izudina Zukorlić,Almir Fatić,Amira Trnka-Uzunović,Osman Lavić,Madžida Mašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 44/2023

Review of: SIDŽIL SARAJEVSKOG ŠERIJATSKOG SUDA IZ 1217/1802- 03. GODINE, Preveli: Abdulah Polimac, Azra Gadžo Kasumović, Gazi Husrev-begova biblioteka u Sarajevu, Edicija: Sidžili, Knjiga I – Sidžil br. 42, Sarajevo, 2023, 478 str.; Munir Drkić i Ahmed Zildžić, CARSTVO TEKSTA: TUḤFE-I ŠĀHIDĪ I NJEGOVA UPOTREBA U OSMANSKOJ BOSNI, Gazi Husrev-begova biblioteka u Sarajevu, Sarajevo, 2023, 230 str.; Aladin Husić, DEVŠIRMA U BOSNI (O REGRUTACIJI BOSANACA U JANJIČARE), Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Orijentalni institut, Posebna izdanja LXIX, Sarajevo, 2023, 164 str.; Elma Korić, OBLIKOVANJE GRANICA BOSNE: BOSNA U AHDNAMAMA I HUDUDNAMAMA IZ 16. I 17. STOLJEĆA, Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Orijentalni institut, Posebna izdanja LXVII, Sarajevo, 2022, 174 str.; Sedad Bešlija, HERCEGOVAČKI SANDŽAK U 17. STOLJEĆU, Historijske monografije, Knjiga 27, Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Institut za historiju, Sarajevo, 2023, 330 str.; Enes Kazazović, PODRUČJE HADŽIĆA OD SREDINE 15. DO POČETKA 17. STOLJEĆA, Hadžići, 2023, 325 str.; Mesut Köksoy, İBRÂHIM OPIJAČ EL-MOSTARÎ VE ŞERHU’LMISBÂH ADLI ESERININ EDISYON KRITIĞI, Konya: Billur Yayınevi, 2019, XI + 151, IV + 405 str.; Mustafa Berhamović , VAKUFI U VISOKOM: NACIONALIZACIJA I POVRAT (1945–2021), Medžlis Islamske zajednice Visoko, Vakufska direkcija Sarajevo, Sarajevo, 2023, 344 str.; Bajro Agović, DŽAMIJE U CRNOJ GORI, Drugo, dopunjeno izdanje, Almanah, Podgorica, 2022, 752 str.; Džemaludin Latić, BOSANSKI MEVLUD, Sova Publishing, Sarajevo, 2021, 284 str.; Amrudin Hajrić, SOCIOLINGVISTIČKE STUDIJE O ARAPSKOM JEZIKU, El-Kalem i Fakultet islamskih nauka, Sarajevo, 2022, 149 str.; Ahmed Mehmedović, MUFTIJE MOSTARA I HERCEGOVINE, Muftijstvo mostarsko : Karađoz-begova medresa : Medžlis Islamske zajednice : IC Štamparija, Mostar, 2023, 252 str.; PRILOZI ZA ORIJENTALNU FILOLOGIJU 72/2022, Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Orijentalni institut, Sarajevo, 2023, 372 str.;

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Lejla Hairlahović-Hušić: Identitet/i muslimana u Cazinskoj krajini

Author(s): Ivan Grkeš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 35/2023

Review of: Lejla Hairlahović-Hušić, Identitet/i muslimana u Cazinskoj krajini. Sarajevo, Zagreb: Univerzitet u Sarajevu – Institut za historiju, Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu – Odsjek za etnologiju i kulturnu antropologiju, 2021., 343 str.

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PRAVO BOŠNJAKINJE NA ZAPOSLENJE I RAD IZVAN KUĆE KROZ POVIJEST: PREGLED STAVOVA BOŠNJAČKE VJERSKE INTELIGENCIJE I NJIHOVO ARGUMENTIRANJE TUMAČENJEM KUR’ANA

Author(s): Sumejja Ljevaković-Subašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 97/2024

The article thematises the right of Bosniak women to employment and work outside their homes in the context of the emancipation of women in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its introduction presents a brief review of employment and the work of women throughout history highlighting the limitations that were imposed upon their employment in public offices by the ulama and others based on the interpretation of the Qur’an. Further on, the article focuses on the practice of employment of women outside their homes from the period of Ottoman rule to the end of the Second World War, that is to say until the passing of the Constitution of FNRJ (Federal Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia). The article focuses on the opinions of Bosniak religious scholars regarding (non) permissiveness for women to work outside their homes with a special accent on their argumentation based on an interpretation of the Qur’an. It also presents here a brief view of the opinions of Bosniak ulama regarding women’s employment in religious affairs.

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ŠEJHUL-ISLAM MUSTAFA HAJRI-EF. I FETVA O VELIKOM DŽIHADU

Author(s): Dženan Hasić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 97/2024

The article presents a brief review of the life of shaikh al-Islam, Mustafa Hayri Efendi (1867-1921), who happened to be the head of the Ottoman Meshihat at the time of the beginning of the First World War with an emphasis on his fatwa on big jihad. In 1914, when the Ottoman Empire joined the alliance of Germany and Austria–Hungary against Russia, France and England, he issued a fatwa about the great jihad. Since the Ottoman Empire was still, though in its last years only formally, a state managed by the rule of the Shariah, it was required of the religious head of the state, shaikh al-Islam, to issue a fatwa regarding the jihad. The fatwa obligates all the Muslims of the Muslim world, thus including the Bosniaks, against the enemy of the Ottoman Empire. The religious head of the Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time was Džemaluddin-ef. Čaušević. Fatwa was read in public in Sarajevo, on December 11, 1914, before over 3000 people after the jummah salah, in Gazi Husrev-bey’s mosque, and before the troops of the AustroHungarian army in Bosnia and Herzegovina in March 1915.

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SEKURITIZACIJA ISLAMA I MUSLIMANA

Author(s): Hikmet Karčić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 97/2024

This article probes into the phenomenon of securitisation of Islam and Muslims as a multidimensional and complex phenomenon, which has been emphasised particularly after the September 11 event. Securitisation, the process of transforming a social issue into a security issue, resulted in a significant change in the general perception of Islam and Muslims as such, presenting them as a major factor of threat to security. This phenomenon is manifested differently in differing regions and it includes strict laws like the USA Patriot Act, prosecution of Muslim Uighurs in China and the state control of Islamic practice in Russia. This article analyses the profound effects of securitisation, including stigmatization and marginalization of Muslim communities, changes in international relations and domestic policies, as well as challenges facing religious freedom and democratic principles. At the same time, the article presents critical perspectives proposing a nuanced approach to understanding Islam and Muslim societies and stresses the significance of solving the root issues in order to have more effective results in the struggle against radicalisation. The author here advocates a balanced approach which would promote dialogue, inclusive policies and international cooperation by stressing the significance of pluralism and tolerance in an effort to discourage the narratives of securitisation.

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