Liberalistic globalization in transition countries leads to anti-globalization

Author(s): Dragomir Sundać / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The process of globalization is a lawful and objective process which no national economy can avoid, no matter how much it wants that or not. Thus, it is not necessary to avoid it. The main question that transition countries were trying to find an answer to at the beginning of the 20th century was, how to successfully enter the processes of globalization, that is, how to manage transition from non-market system to a market system.

Маркетинг и бизнес развитие в туризма.

Author(s): Stefania Temelkova Temelkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the world. Marketing and business development have become top management practices that focus on exploring new opportunities for growth, diversification and accelerated development in tourism. Both practices focus on strategic planning, flexibility and globalization of strategy management processes, as well as accelerating company growth, generating return on investment.

Prosazování politiky rovných příležitostí je pro pr podniku výhodné

Author(s): Kateřina Dušková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Konceptualizacja pojęcia public relations

Author(s): Przemysław Deszczyński / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Autor naświetla genezę, istotę i pojęcie public relations, charakteryzuje geograficzne, przedmiotowe i technologiczne stymulanty rozwoju public relations. Sytuuje również ten obszar wobec pojęć oraz istoty marketingu i reklamy.

Public affairs

Author(s): Krzysztof Gołata / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Eksperci zajmujący się teoretycznymi i praktycznymi aspektami public relations zwracają uwagę na specyfikę relacji między przedsiębiorstwami a organami decyzyjnymi w państwie. Obecność państwa w gospodarce wynika nie tylko z faktu, że skarb państwa jest właścicielem lub współwłaścicielem wielu firm, ale przede wszystkim z tego, iż organy państwowe lub samorządowe określają – poprzez akty prawne – zasady funkcjonowania gospodarki. Państwo jest nie tylko regulatorem, ale także aktywnym podmiotem gospodarczym (np. inwestorem). Dlatego też wyodrębnienie w ramach public relations specyficznych cech komunikowania przedsiębiorstwa z decydentami wydaje się w pełni uzasadnione. Komunikowanie między tymi podmiotami określa się mianem public affairs, a w literaturze bardzo często wskazuje się na ekonomiczne podstawy takiej działalności. Wyodrębnienie public affairs związane jest z jeszcze jednym aspektem. W publicystyce określa się go mianem „negatywnego public relations branży public relations”. Teoretycy i praktycy zwracają uwagę na negatywne konsekwencje nadmiernego odwoływania się do public relations przez polityków i partie polityczne, dla których wszelkie działania są albo „jedynie działaniami z zakresu public relations”, albo „czarnym public relations”. W rezultacie w opinii publicznej kształtuje się negatywny obraz takiej działalności, często identyfikowany z propagandą. Wprowadzenie pojęcia public affairs ma zapobiegać negatywnym tendencjom w interpretowaniu roli public relations we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Autor porządkuje ten złożony obszar. Wyjaśnia pojęcie public affairs i pokrewne, analizuje kwestie tożsamości, wizerunku i reputacji firmy. Wreszcie poświęca podrozdział społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu.

Wirtualna rzeczywistość jako katalizator motywacji turystycznych - przykład spadochroniarstwa

Author(s): Marta Pilarczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Brak możliwości przetestowania produktu turystycznego przed jego konsumpcją i nieświadomy charakter niektórych motywacji turystycznych to jedne z głównych problemów, z jakimi zmagają się przedsiębiorcy w branży turystycznej. Prowadzi to do poszukiwań nowych rozwiązań i nowych środków reklamy, które zachęciłyby potencjalnych turystów do określonych aktywności turystycznych. Jednym z takich rozwiązań jest, wykorzystywana już w turystyce, technologia wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja wpływu wirtualnej rzeczywistości na motywację uczestnictwa w turystyce ekstremalnej. Omówione zostało zarówno pojęcie turystyki ekstremalnej, zagadnienie motywacji turystycznych, jak i istota wirtualnej rzeczywistości. Po dokonaniu przeglądu literatury przedmiotu z tego zakresu przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentu z wykorzystaniem gogli VR, na podstawie którego wskazano na istotne przesłanki stosowania wirtualnej rzeczywistości w procesie kształtowania motywacji turystycznych.

Sviatok a jeho inštitucionalizácia v období socializmu (1948-1989) ako nástroj politického marketingu

Author(s): Zuzana Beňušková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Human collectives tend to divide time between everyday time and the time of the festivities. The feasts have special meaning for them, which is accented by making rituals. A sophisticated system of festivities was created in the ancient empires. The Church decided what the life of the Christian people should look like during festivities and in consequence partly uniformed their living. The representatives of the forming modern national states took control over the festivities during the modern period as a part of the fight for deconsecration. During the time of socialism the festivities became a battlefield of the furious fight between the communist ideology and religion. Secular and national values were thoughtfully linked to the socialist state and the communist ideology in the new system of festivities. That differentiated them from civilian ceremonies and festivities in Western Europe. Festivities with its ritualized representation introduced by state functioned as tools to internalize socialist values and norms and in the same to vent emotions. The new system of festivities was conveniently combined with the holiday and the system of citizen ceremoniousness oriented on the human life cycle was created. In the conditions of the socialist system some people completely refused them, some adapted them in various ways to their own needs, some got around them and some accepted them completely. The religious ceremonies existed at the same time. The duality of the official ceremonies with informal ceremonies created a three part model typical mostly for the 1970s and 1980s. But even the religious ceremonies are not resistant to change and adjust to present needs of their participants.

Ocena oddziaływania samorządu na rozwój funkcji turystycznej dużego miasta

Author(s): Grzegorz Gołembski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Celem artykułu jest określenie sposobu oceny oddziaływania władz miasta na rozwój turystyki, umożliwiającego wczesną diagnozę popełnionych błędów. Przy próbie osiągania tego celu musimy sformułować założenie: sposoby oddziaływania samorządu na rozwój turystyki uzależnione są od poziomu natężenia funkcji turystycznej miasta. Ponieważ jednostki samorządu terytorialnego zarządzają obszarami o różnym natężeniu i dynamice zmian poziomu natężenia funkcji turystycznej, nie pozostaje to bez wpływu na kształt prowadzonej przez nie lokalnej polityki turystycznej. Działania władz samorządowych skierowane na aktywizację lokalnej gospodarki turystycznej powinny być podejmowane w różnym zakresie i z różnym natężeniem w jednostkach o odmiennym stopniu ukształtowania funkcji turystycznej – zgodnie z różnymi potrzebami i celami w zakresie rozwijania turystyki na ich terenie. Oddziaływanie samorządu na rozwój turystyki dotyczy zarówno sfery popytu (oddziaływanie na klienta – wizerunek miasta, oferty „konsumpcyjne”), jak i sfery podaży (oddziaływanie na inwestorów i już funkcjonujące podmioty gospodarcze). Założenia te pozwolą określić pytanie badawcze, na które będziemy starali się odpowiedzieć, a mianowicie: znając poziom natężenia funkcji turystycznej miasta i tym samym fazę cyklu życia obszaru turystycznego, określić, w jaki sposób oceniać oddziaływanie samorządu na rozwój funkcji turystycznej dużego miasta. Innymi słowy, w jaki sposób władze samorządowe wykorzystują będące w ich dyspozycji instrumenty oddziaływania na turystykę. Możliwości oceny sposobu postępowania władz samorządowych dopatrujemy się w weryfikacji kompleksowej ankiety, która umożliwi zdiagnozowanie istniejącej rzeczywistości.

Икономическа и неикономическа ефективност в маркетинговите комуникации: теория и практика

Author(s): Alexander Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents a relatively new direction, related to the understanding of the efficiency of marketing communications – the distinction between economic and non-economic efficiency. A thesis is supported, that discussions whether these activities should lead to sales or achieve other results do not have strong base, because the main point in these cases is the purchase that can be even postponed for the future. In this sense, measurement of the effectiveness in practice is important to be done based on indicators related both to economic and non-economic results.

Integrated reporting

Author(s): Libor Závodný / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Companies struggle to communicate value through traditional reporting. Integrated reporting can prove to be an effective tool for businesses looking to shift their reporting focus from annual financial performance to long-term share holder value creation. Such a shift should cover the demand from investors for a structured reporting framework that goes beyond the traditional financial reporting. The International Integrated Reporting Framework will encourage the preparation of a report that shows business performance against strategy, explains the various capital used and affected, and gives a longer term view of the organization. The framework will be attractive to companies who wish to develop their narrative reporting around the business model to explain how the business has been developed. Integrated reporting attained various degrees of popularity depending on the geographical regions. While it is mandatory for all companies listed in South Africa’s stock exchange, in other regions it is used by businesses on voluntary basis. Research shows that in the USA the adoption of integrated reporting is slower than in most of theother developed regions.

Güncel Gelişmelerle Pazarlama Konular ve Araştırmalar-I

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

In this book, digital transformation and digital marketing strategies in the field of marketing, digital marketing in boutique pastry, insurance, agriculture and health services, the perspectives of generations on digital marketing, gamification, local and global dimensions and service quality, integrated marketing communication and brand awareness relationship, compulsive buying, sharing economy, marketing sociology and consumption rituals in marketing and marketing of organic products are discussed and discussed. This book, in which many issues in the field of marketing are handled with different approaches, has been prepared with the contributions of 27 competent authors in the field.

İslami Finans ve Muhasebede Güncel Araştirmalar

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish,English

İslam, insan hayatının tüm yönlerini kapsayan kurallar ve düzenlemeler ortaya koyan, başta insanın ve diğer tüm varlıkların sahibi ve yaratıcısı olan, hüküm ve hikmet sahibi olan Allah (cc) tarafından ortaya konulmuş eşsiz bir sitemdir. Bu sistem insan hayatını ilgilendiren tüm alanlarla ilgili düzenlemeler içerir ve hiç şüphesiz bu düzenlemelerden en önemlilerinden birisi de ekonomik sistemdir. İnsan yaşamı boyunca diğer insanlarla ekonomik ilişkiler kurmak zorundadır. İlahi sistem gereği insanlar birbirlerine muhtaç yaratılmış olup ekonomik sistem insan ilişkilerinin temelinde yer almaktadır. Finansal sistemler ise ekonomik sistemlerin bir alt sistemi olarak her zaman var olagelmiştir. Finanssız bir ekonomik sistem düşünülemez. İslam ekonomi ve finans sistemi bu kadar önemli olmasına rağmen günümüz modern ekonomi ve finans dünyası içerisinde yeterince anlaşılabilmiş ve kurumsallaşabilmiş değildir. İslam’ın ilkelerine uygun tam olarak tasarlanmış bir ekonomik ve finansal sistem nasıl olacaktır? Bu sistem modern ekonomi ve finansal sistemlerden ne kadar farklı olacaktır? Modern ekonomi ve finans sistemlerinin temelinde faiz yer almaktadır ve İslam bunun yerine neyi koymakta veya önermektedir? Schumpeter’in (1961) de belirttiği gibi finansal sistem ve finansal sektör olmadan inovatif büyüme gerçekleştirilemez ve para bu sistemin temelinde yer almaktadır. Modern finansal sistemler ise para transferinin merkezine faizi koymuşlardır. Finansal sistemin temeli kredi oluşturma potansiyeline bağlıdır ve bu noktada fon fazlası olan kişi veya kurumların bir sistem aracılığıyla fon ihtiyacı olanlara ihtiyaç duyulan fonları transfer etmesi beklenir. Burada sistem ve denge yine faiz aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmektedir. İslam ise faiz ve faize dayanan tüm sistemlere koşulsuz ve şartsız karşı çıkmaktadır. O halde ekonomi ve finans sistemlerinin faiz enstrümanı olmadan dizayn edildiği bir sisteme ihtiyaç vardır. İslam, modern ekonomik sistemin ortaya koyduğu para ve sermaye piyasalarının işleyişine temelde karşı çıkmamaktadır. İnsanın ekonomik sistemle birlikte ele alınması ve insanın gelişmesi ve kalkınması da İslam’ın hedefidir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında bankacılık sistemi ve sermaye piyasaları da İslami sistemlerdir ve gereklidir. İslam toplumsal barışı ve huzuru zedeleyecek tüm zararlı araç ve uygulamalara karşı yasaklar ve önlemler almıştır. Bunların başında hiç şüphesiz faiz gelmektedir. Yine ekonomik sistemin temelinde yer alan alış-veriş de karşılıklı serbest irade beyanlarının ortaya koyulduğu akitleşme ile ve tarafların karşılıklı haksızlığa uğratılmadığı usullerle yapılmalıdır. Arz ve talebin bir etkilenmeye maruz kalmadan serbestçe piyasa fiyatlarının oluşturmasına uygun zemin hazırlanmalı ve bu sisteme müdahale eden stokçuluk, malların piyasaya ulaşmasını engelleme vb. müdahaleler engellenmelidir. Yalan, hile ve aldatmanın olmadığı tarafların karşılıklı kazanç sağlamaları ve serbest irade beyanlarına bağlı bir ekonomik ve finansal sistem kurulmalıdır. Ayrıca İslam ekonomi ve finans sisteminde elde edilen servet üzerinde zekât gibi yine toplumun huzur ve dayanışmasını temin eden önemli bir düzenleme yer almaktadır. İşte İslam ekonomi ve finans sistemi bu ve buna benzer düzenleme ve hükümlerle insanın sadece ahiret hayatında değil dünya hayatında da huzur ve refah içerisinde yaşamasını sağlayacak sistemler ortaya koymaktadır. Bu noktada en büyük sorun modern ekonomi ve finansal sistemler gelişip kurumsallaşırken, İslam ekonomi ve finans sistemi kurumsallaşamamış ve modern sistemlere ayak uydurmakta zorlanmıştır. Bu konudaki akademik çalışmalar ve düşünsel evrim son yüz yılda gelişmeye başlamış fakat yeni uygulama imkânı bulmaya başlamıştır. Özellikle, bankacılık alanındaki gelişmelerle birlikte bu alan literatür anlamında zenginleşmeye başlamıştır. Fakat halen “İslam ekonomisi” ve “İslami finans” tanımlamaları konusunda kafa karışıklığı devam etmektedir. Bir taraftan finansal okuryazarlık sorunu diğer taraftan faizin tam olarak anlaşılmaması bu kafa karmaşıklığını devam ettirmektedir. Diğer bir sorun ise faize alternatif olarak ortaya konulan bazı çalışmaların i’ne satışı misali şer-i hile boyutunun ötesine geçememiş olmasıdır. Bazen de faize karşı İslam toplumlarındaki hassasiyetin ortadan kalkması ve faizin sıradanlaşması da sorunun çözümünün önünde önemli bir engel olarak durmaktadır. İşte böyle bir dönemde Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi önderliğinde düzenlenen 3. Uluslararası İslami Finans ve Muhasebe kongresi bu alandaki eksiklikleri gidermek ve İslam ekonomi ve finansının gelişmesine zemin hazırlamak adına önemli bir adımdır. Bu kitapta, bahsi geçen sempozyumda sunulan bildirilerin tam metinleri derlenerek sunulmaktadır. İslami finans, İslam İktisadı, İslami sigortacılık, İslami işletmecilik ve İslami finansal kurumlarda işletme yönetiminin birçok alanına ilişkin alanında önde gelen akademisyenlerinin görüş, fikirler ve önerileri yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın İslam ekonomi ve finansının gelişmesine katkı sağlaması ve bu konudaki duyarlılığı artırması en büyük hedefimizdir. İlgi duyan tüm taraflara faydalı olması dilek ve temennilerimizle.

İkti̇sadi̇ ve İdari̇ Bi̇li̇mlerde Akademi̇k Anali̇z ve Tartişmalar

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish,English

Tanımsal açıdan bakıldığında finansal gelişme, finansal piyasaların, finansal kurumların ve finansal araçların gelişmişliğini ve büyüklüğünü ifade etmektedir. Finansal gelişme, finansal piyasalarda birbirinden farklı birçok menkul varlığın bulunması ve bunların piyasa katılımcıları tarafından daha fazla kullanılabilir hale gelmesiyle tanımlanır. Diğer bir deyişle, finansal gelişme, finansal piyasaların gelişmişliği ile ilgili bir ifadedir. Ekonomik büyüme ise en basit tanımıyla, bir ekonomide üretim kapasitesinin, üretim miktarının ve bu nedenle milli gelirin artışını ifade eder (Erim ve Türk, 2005).

Sosyal Bilimlerde Akademik Analiz ve Tartişmalar

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish,English

Zaman içinde sosyal, kültürel, politik, bilim ve teknoloji alanında yaşanan gelişmeler doğrultusunda da çeşitli girişimcilik türleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Dijital dönüşüm ile birlikte ortaya çıkan dijital girişimcilik (Sahut vd., 2021), tarım sektöründe gerçekleştirilen ve “agricultural entrepreneurship” olarak bilinen tarımsal girişimcilik (Kumar ve Kumar, 2019); insanların çevresel farkındalığının artmasıyla birlikte ortaya çıkan “ekogirişimcilik” (Aykan, 2012), insanların gönüllü veya zoraki sebeplerden ulusal sınırları ötesine gerçekleştirdikleri göçler sonucunda ev sahibi ülkede gerçekleştirdikleri girişimcilik faaliyetleriyle birlikte ortaya çıkan “diaspora girişimcilik” (Newland ve Tanaka, 2010), kâr amacı gütmeyen sektörlerde ortaya çıkan “sosyal girişimcilik” (Özdeveciğolu ve Cingöz, 2009) değişim ile birlikte ortaya çıkan girişimcilik türlerine örnek verilebilir. Askeri girişimcilik de son yıllarda önemi giderek artan girişimcilik türlerinden birisi olmuştur...

ТЪРГОВИЯ 5.0 – ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЯ И/ИЛИ ХУМАНИЗАЦИЯ. Сборник с доклади от международна научна конференция - 13 октомври 2023 г.

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

The academic conference Commerce 5.0 – digitalization and/or humanization is dedicated to the celebration of two important anniversaries: the first is the 70th anniversary of the establishment of the Economics and Management of Commerce and Services Department (1953) at the University of Economics – Varna and the second is the 75th anniversary from the beginning of training in the Economics and Commerce programme (1948). 42 representatives of the academic community, business, PhD candidates and students take part in the scientific forum, who present their research papers, dedicated to the problems, covered in the thematic areas of the conference: Economic theories and practices in commerce; Markets and competitiveness; Management, marketing, logistics and human resources in commerce; Entrepreneurship and finance in commerce; Innovations, digitalization and omnichannel commerce; Challenges to training trade professionals.

Sustainable food. Production and consumption perspectives

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Sustainable food security is a pressing global challenge, requiring research and advocacy for both production and consumption practices. On one hand, the focus of research lies in the development of technologies and processes that enable the production of food with minimal losses and a reduced negative environmental impact. On the other hand, e orts are directed towards strengthening positive attitudes among food consumers, promoting environmentally friendly diets, and reducing food losses. This book aims to address this challenge by exploring sustainable food systems from production to consumption. Through literature reviews, original research, and perspectives, the book seeks to disseminate the concept of food sustainability to scientists, researchers, and practitioners. We hope this monograph will contribute, albeit modestly, to making food processes more sustainable.

16. MEĐUNARODNI SIMPOZIJUM O KORPORATIVNOM UPRAVLJANJU

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Икономиката на България и Европейския съюз: иновации и трансформация : Седемнадесета международна научна конференция на младите учени : Сборник с доклади

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

The 17th International Scientific Conference of Young Scientists was held on 11 February 2022 online (virtually) in the electronic platform MS Teams due to the Covid-19; pandemic. The conference is financed by a university scientific project for a scientific event under contract No. NID NP-4/2021 at the University of National and World Economy (UNWE), Sofia. The Faculty of Finance and Accounting at the UNWE, Sofia, organizes the conference under the patronage of the Rector of UNWE Prof. Dimitar Dimitrov, Ph.D. and the co-organizers of the conference are the following leading universities: VUZF University, Sofia, Bulgaria, University of Bologna – Alma Mater Studiorum Universita di Bologna-Sede di Rimini, Bologna, Italy, University of Split, Faculty of Economics, Business and Tourism, Split, Croatia, Poltava University of Economics and Trade, Poltava, Ukraine, Lutsk National Technical University, Lutsk, Ukraine, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, Rijeka, Croatia, and Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia. The International Conference of Young Scientists brings together doctoral students, post-doctoral students, researchers, lecturers and students to present their scientific research and discuss their views on the most current and significant problems of the economy at the national and international level. The published scientific results of the conference prove the significant potential for the future professional development of young scientists. The format and organization of the conference are aimed at creating an academic atmosphere that favors dialogue and the exchange of ideas both between the different levels of the academic collegium and with prominent specialists from economic practice. The papers are in Bulgarian and English.

Jak mówić o zrównoważonym rozwoju? Scenariusze lekcji dla szkół ponadpodstawowych

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Zbiór „Jak mówić o zrównoważonym rozwoju? Scenariusze lekcji dla szkół ponadpodstawowych” ma za zadanie wsparcie nauczycieli chcących rozmawiać z uczniami na tematy związane z transformacją systemu społeczno-gospodarczego w kierunku zrównoważonym. Scenariusze poruszają wiele zagadnień, dzięki czemu młodzi ludzie będą mieli okazję zdobyć wiedzę z różnych obszarów tej złożonej dziedziny: zielonej i cyfrowej transformacji, odpowiedzialnej konsumpcji żywności, gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym, idei zero waste. Autorzy podkreślają, że każdy może przyczynić się do koniecznej zmiany i wskazują dostępne sposoby. Każdy scenariusz jest zbudowany według tego samego schematu ułatwiającego przygotowanie i prowadzenie lekcji: zaczyna się od określenia celów zajęć, metod i form pracy, kluczowych pojęć oraz materiałów pomocniczych, które można zastosować podczas lekcji. Dalej opisany jest proponowany przebieg zajęć. Na końcu każdego scenariusza znajdują się źródła i przydatne linki oraz materiały pomocnicze gotowe do wykorzystania podczas lekcji. Publikacja jest współfinansowana ze środków projektu Jean Monnet Resilient and transforming Europe TRANSFORM EU

The Membership of Bulgaria in the European Union: Sixteen Years Later : Papers Presented in English Language

Author(s): / Language(s): English

On 13th October 2023, the 22nd international scientific conference was held, organized by the Department of "International Economic Relations and Business" at the University of National and World Economy. During the conference, traditionally, the topics were related not only to Bulgaria's membership in the European Union, but also covered a wide range of other issues such as politics, economy, sustainable development, decarbonization, trade, marketing, innovation, technology, etc. It was held under the patronage of the Rector of UNWE, Prof. Dr. Dimitar Dimitrov.