The Role of leadership inside organizations in the Context of globalization

Author(s): Cornelia Tureac,Dan Păuna / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2013

Any organization, irrespective of the field, needs skilled leaders who have a vision and confidence in action. The leader plays various roles and the key issue is to determine how they influence the performance of the team they coordinate. The research method used was the mathematical modeling applied to the example of a team. The aim of the research is to identify the cooperation method in order to improve workers’ performance but also to minimize the possible conflicts which can affect the level of performance.The results of this research led us to conclusions regarding the characteristics of the team leader

Causes that Determine Wage Inequality in Contemporary Economy

Author(s): Ionuţ Constantin Constantin / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2008

Differences in income have increased both in respect of full-time employees with university studies and those with secondary education and in respect of employees of non-productive sector and those in the industry. Differences have increased both in the `80, and end the years` 90, despite the growth of real income of labor as a whole. Among OECD countries, increasing differences can be seen in France and Japan(although World Bank study in France in 2007 considered an example of shrinkage differences in income),but it is insignificant in Germany or Italy.

Kulturowe podejście do kontaktów językowych

Author(s): Tadeusz Szczerbowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The subject dealt with in this article draws on the causes, mechanisms, and effects resulting from language and cultural contacts. The author adopts a definition derived from Oswald Ducrot, that language is‘the collection of roles which the interlocutors impose mutually on each other through discourse itself.’ The author spends equal time examining the view of Bronisław Malinowski, namely: that linguistics-devoid of cultural fundamentals and bases-is always nothing more than a house of cards. Equally useful for the author’s purpose was an application of Roger Caillois’ theory of games, as he, too, has employed Joseph Nye’s concept of smart power. As an example of negative Western cultural impact, the author examines attempts to objectify first names in languages and cultures in which they had previoulsy been treated subjectively. The question-What’s your name?-once had, in a literal translation into English, the traditional form: Who’s your name?

Granice fenomena globalizacije

Author(s): Miladin Jovičić,Dejan Gračanin / Language(s): Bosnian,English Issue: 1/2013

The objective of the author of this paper is to provide a critical overview on globalization as a phenomenon, or to be more precise, to review its limits and obstacles that it has not achieved to bypass nor overcome. Usually, it is referred as the cause for all the modern day phenomena, of economic kind as well as of many other kinds, which will in as much make this paper more interesting because we are going to see also the other side in which this phenomenon is not taking the main word and which directly influences the field of economy.

GLOBALIZATION SEEN FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIVE DIMENSIONS WITH SOCIAL IMPACT

Author(s): Bogdan Nicolae Mucea / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

THE CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION IS PERHAPS ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR, ANALYZED AND DEBATED CONCEPTS IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY. AT EACH LEVEL OF ANALYSIS, THIS CONCEPT IS PRESENTED DIFFERENTLY FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE AND IS EMPHASIZED AND ANALYZED FROM VARIOUS ANGLES OF APPROACH DEPENDING ON HOW IT IS REPORTED. THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION COMPLEMENTS THE OTHER PERSPECTIVES OF ANALYSIS, BRINGING, IN ADDITION TO SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS, SPECIFIC THEORETICAL ELEMENTS. THE MULTITUDE OF DEFINITIONS AND APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF GLOBALIZATION IS SUMMARIZED IN THIS ARTICLE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FIVE DIMENSIONS WITH STRONG SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THIS CONCEPT.

Evolution of globalisation and firm internationalisation under crisis conditions – the perspective of Polish exporters amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021

Author(s): Marian Gorynia,Piotr Trąpczyński / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an economic crisis of a global nature, which – among its many consequences – had a significant impact on international economic activity carried out in various forms. Thus, the processes of globalisation, which on the one hand allow diversification of international activities of the enterprise, at the same time contribute to the transmission of economic shocks. The authors attempt to provide an initial answer to the research question of how Polish firms conducting export activities with various degrees of advancement perceive the impact of the pandemic crisis, as well as their reactions to this crisis. The article presents the results of quantitative research conducted in June 2022 among 120 Polish companies from the manufacturing sector.

Dänisch in Zeiten der Globalisierung – Englische Einflüsse auf die dänische Gegenwartssprache

Author(s): Andrzej Szubert / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2022

Languages influence each other, and Danish is no exception in this context. In the times of globalization the influence comes mainly from English. The aim of the present paper is to demonstrate the historical ties between the two above-mentioned languages and, based on multiple linguistic studies, to gauge whether Danish is endangered by English or not. In addition, the paper touches on topics such as language policy, Danish speakers’ attitudes towards English, and statistical research.

Intellectual Economic Development: Cost and Efficiency Indicators

Author(s): Alina Yakymchuk,Andriy Valyukh,Nataliia Poliakova,Iryna Skorokhod,Tetiana Sak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Innovation and economic development go hand in hand. Innovation is the key to economic growth and prosperity. In the current era of globalization, countries that invest in research and development (R&D) and innovative activities are more likely to achieve sustained economic growth and competitiveness in the global marketplace. The purpose of this study is to analyze the values of the International Intellectual Property Index in different countries of the world and compare these data; to establish the relationship between the financial and economic development of the territories, expenses on intellectual research and the international index of intellectual property of the states using different approaches and methods. This article aims to explore the positive experience of intellectual economic development in the world, with a focus on the costs of innovation. The Global Innovation Index (GII) ranks countries based on their innovation capabilities, such as human capital, research and development, institutions, infrastructure, market sophistication, and business sophistication. According to the GII 2021 report, the top five most innovative countries are Switzerland, Sweden, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Korea. All this points to the need for the development of innovative and intellectual developments in Ukraine. Such intellectual developments are of particular importance in the conditions of war and are necessary for strengthening the security indicators of the state, preserving the lives of the population in the conditions of missile attacks and destruction. In the world, intellectual economic development is seen as a key driver of economic growth and competitiveness.

КОН ИНТЕРДИСЦИПЛИНАРНИ КУЛТУРОЛОШКИ ИСТРАЖУВАЊА НА КУЛТУРАТА И ВЕШТАЧКАТА ИНТЕЛИГЕНЦИЈА

Author(s): Bobi Badarevski / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 27/2023

This article aims to create a framework for interdisciplinary cultural research on the connection between culture and artificial intelligence. By bringing together theory and practice from various academic disciplines, such as cultural studies, new media studies, cyberculture studies, and media and communication studies, the article proposes a new research framework that will enable the analysis and interpretation of the complex relationships between cultural phenomena and artificial intelligence. The article also suggests methodological guidelines for research in these areas. At the same time, the text will emphasize the importance of active cooperation and dialogue between scientists from different disciplines and practitioners to achieve the goals of this new framework for researching the connection between culture and artificial intelligence.

УНИВЕРЗАЛНАТА ЕТИКА, КУЛТУРАТА, ЕТИЧКОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И ГЛОБАЛНИТЕ ПРОЦЕСИ

Author(s): Ljubica Topuzoska,Mersiha Ismajloska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 27/2023

The major progress in the field of technology had determined the ways and direction of the development of the civilization, but also had significant effects on the modus of thinking all over the world in the last couple of decades, creating the illusions that all the problems in the world can be easily solved. But, after a period of time it was perfectly clear that technological development couldn’t accomplish all the dreams of the Humanity, even more, it was a cause for creating a numerous problems and complications. In such specific situation, facing the challenges of contemporary living, the Humanity have raised the question about the fundamental principles of human life witch could provide welfare and benefit for all. The current goals of Humanity are creating and implementing of contemporary human values and ethical principles. Today, the scope of human identity is beyond national and other artificial borders, and the Human identity and dignity are ultimate values. Serving for the precious human needs and necessities should be leading rule in the economic and political decisions in order to promote and enrich the values of unity, cooperation and solidarity in interpersonal relations. In the context of global challenges, needs and objectives of humanity in the contemporary world, the idea of Universal ethics was born. Universal ethics is idea of global humanism like no other option for the life on Earth. The main aim of Universal ethics to change, improve and reintegrate the modern institutions and science, through the awareness of the individuals, in order to be mainstay for all, and not only in the function of privileged minority.

МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ФИЛМ ВО ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛНИТЕ КИНЕМАТОГРАФСКИ ПРОЦЕСИ

Author(s): Zharko Ivanov / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 27/2023

Transnational cinema as a developing concept withing the film studies encompasses a range of theories relating to the effects of globalization upon the cultural and economic aspects of film and amongst other topics, incorporates the debates and influences of postnationalism, postcolonialism and consumerism. The growing importance of co-productions in countries where they previously played insignificant role, allows films to circulate in peripheral countries with less significant global artistic and commercial weight. Concurrently, international film festivals, critics and film selectors form an alternative circuit of film screenings and distribution. Macedonian cinematography since the country’s independence has been adapting to the new forms of audiovisual production, shifting away from the previous concept of national cinema, finding its place in the global cinematic flows and the transnational cinematographic processes.

THE PROBLEM OF GLOBALIZATION AND SECURITY IN THE DEMOCRATIC STATE

Author(s): Mirabela Rely Odette Curelar / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01 Supp/2023

Currently, the anti-globalization movements are extremely diversified and are active not only at the global level, but also at the national, regional or local level, and their repertoires of action are among the most innovative. Most anti-globalization activists oppose globalization as a manifestation of power or dominance exercised globally and call for more equity in global economic and political relations. On the one hand, transnational social movements are an example of the globalization of social relations and use communication methods specific to globalization (eg the internet), and on the other hand, these movements challenge globalization as a specific political project.

Теоретико-методологічні аспекти поняття міжнародний імідж держави

Author(s): Iryna Yeremieieva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 36/2022

The article considers the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of the international image of the state through: analysis of conceptual approaches to the concept of international image of the state; identification of factors influencing the formation of an effective image of the state in the international arena; formulation of essential features of the state image and determination of their influence on the international competitiveness of the state; defining criteria for assessing the international image; analysis of areas of international state image-making. The international image of the state is a strategic tool for strengthening the status of the state in the international arena and the main criterion for its effectiveness. The international image is formed under the influence of natural factors and purposeful activity of state and other actors. The author identifies specific features of the international image of the state: compliance with the level of political, socio-economic and cultural development of the state; emphasis on the brightest and specific characteristics of the state; the presence of significant emotional and psychological composition; easy to display object; symbolization of some aspects of state life. The main criterion for the effectiveness of the state image is to strengthen the status of the state in the international arena. The result of the analysis of the main directions of international state image-making is the allocation of three areas: geopolitical direction forms the idea of geographical space as a territory for domestic and foreign policy; marketing direction provides promotion of economic processes of the state on the world stage; branding direction based on the recognizability of formal and informal symbols of the state contributes to the recognizability of the state on the world stage. Thus, the international image is a manageable category that can be built according to the political or economic demands of the state.

Застосування інституційного підходу при вивченні дозвілля у соціологічній науці

Author(s): Mychajłycz Oleksandr Wołodymyrowycz,Lina Tamila Anatolyivna / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2022

The article analyzes the new realities we are wit- nessing (globalization processes, the COVID-19 pandemic, information wars, etc.) are causing changes in all spheres of public life. Leisure is one of such areas. Due to these changes, transformations and modifications, people are forced to look for new ways to organize their leisure and leisure time.Attention is drawn to the fact that there are changes in the forms of various activities. In particular, their content is changing. It is emphasized that in accordance with changes in society, approaches to the study of human activities must change.The article analyzes the latest research and publications related to the organization of leisure and approaches to its study. It is also noted that there are aspects in the study of this issue that have not yet been fully clarified and substantiated.We pay attention to what is embedded in the content of the concept of leisure in scientific circulation. It is determined that leisure is considered in the context of free time, namely as part of it. It is emphasized that although these two concepts are considered in tandem, they are not identical.The focus is on the main approaches to sociology and their application in the study of leisure.The analysis of the content of sociological approaches to the study of leisure allowed us to understand that special attention should be paid to the institutional approach. He at the present stage of development of sociological science occupies one of the leading positions. That is why the study of leisure practices from the point of view of the institutional approach was considered in detail.It is noted that in our opinion, when studying this issue in Ukrainian society it is most appropriate and appropriate to apply an institutional approach. It is determined that this approach can be called the integration of elements of different approaches. This, in turn, allows us to substantiate our views on the most optimal approach to the study and study of leisure in Ukrainian society.Attention is focused on the fact that the choice of sociological approach in the study and research of a particular issue depends on the purpose and objectives of the scientist.

Globalizacja i współzależność, red. Alicja Malewska, Mateusz Filary-Szczepanik

Author(s): Małgorzata Zachara-Szymańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 83/2023

Paradigme (post)globalizacije u savremenom arapskom romanu

Author(s): Mirza Sarajkić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2023

The analysis of the picture of globalization in the Arab world and its effects within this complex geopolitical space offers a diverse spectrum. This article offers one of the possible readings of globalization in the contemporary Arabic novel. By interpreting the renowned novels of the twentieth and twentyfirst centuries, the article defines the geography of narrative representations of globalization. There are three symptomatic points of such geography. In the first, through the works of Tawfik al-Hakim and Tayeb Salih, the ideological transversal of East and West, i. e. the North and the South, is marked. In second place are the novels of Sun’ullah Ibrahim and Abdurahman Munif that corresponded directly to the globalist mania of the late twentieth century. Finally, the novels of Shakir Nuri, Hoshank Osi and Sa’ud al-San’usi offer an overview of recent views of the (post)global situation in the Arab world.

Change starts from within: Migration and processes of social and cultural change. A Romanian case

Author(s): Florina Baru / Language(s): English Issue: Winter/2022

This paper analyzes Romania's dynamic migratory process with a focus on the return migration from Norway and the sociocultural changes that it might involve for Romanian migrants and their home societies. The focus on Norway as a case study can bring a valuable, accurate, and deep understanding of Romanian immigration. These indicate that Romanians faced many challenges in their migratory journey in Norway, but that for a source country like Romania, return migration could, in the long term, contribute to its social and cultural changes. This research resulted in three key findings. Firstly, through their migratory experience from Norway, Romanian returnees internalized social remittances, and changed their attitudes, behavior, values, and expectations before disseminating their knowledge in their family -and social environment. Secondly, the prevalence of social remittances might be dependent on the motivation of returnees to transfer their knowledge, ideas, and practices in the scope of contributing to social change. The prevalence of social remittances might also be dependent on the way the societies of origin receive the resources that returnees attempt to transmit and culturally diffuse. Thirdly, Romania, as an emigration society, has had a relaxed attitude towards change. However, repatriated Romanians maintain a confident outlook on the potential of their skills and know-how conferring them influence over certain cultural aspects in the spheres of work and social relationships.

The fair access of the third country nationals to successfully integrate in the Romanian society

Author(s): Mihaela Tomita,Roxana Ungureanu,Mălina Iulia Duţă,Flavius Ilioni-Loga / Language(s): English Issue: Winter/2023

The present paper presents the experience and situation of third country nationals living in Timisoara, Romania. Their experience is relevant to the region of Banat, in the West of the country, but broadly speaking, also mirrors the situation of various types of migrants who come to Romania. Through both individual interviews and focus groups, we obtained information concerning 4 main topics that are relevant to integration: education, health, housing, and employment. The respondents were adults who came from a background that is diversified professionally, culturally, and geographically. Thus, the sample, consisting of a total of over 50 persons, is relevant to our purpose: finding out what the needs of the third country nationals are and how can both state institutions and civil society organizations better meet those needs. After having studied material stemming from previous research and after having analysed the discourse of those whom we have encountered, we conclude that, though the Romanian state has the legal basis and premises to ensure the successful integration of TCNs in Romania, there is still work to be done in the field of putting the theoretical framework into common practice on the ground, thus ensuring the fair access of the TCNs to the tools and support they need to successfully integrate in the Romanian society.

KÜRESELLEŞMENIN ÜLKE EKONOMISINDEKI ROLÜ: AZERBAYCAN ÖRNEĞI

Author(s): Maya QULİYEVA / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 60/2023

In general, this study examines the definition and history of globalization, the factors of its emergence, and its impact on the country's economy. In the article, Azerbaijan is given as the main sample country, the economic structure of Azerbaijan after independence and the impact of globalization on the Azerbaijani economy are investigated by using the data of Azerbaijan. In the study, the oil and agriculture sectors, which are the main sources of income of the country, were taken as sample sectors, analyzed, and evaluated. In addition to this, data on the USA were also used in the article to comprehensively investigate globalization's impact on the country's economy. While conducting this research, studies within this scope were searched in the literature, and literature findings that would be fully compatible with this article were not found, but literature information suitable for the scope of this study was included in the study. The results found within the scope of the research are completely new and original.

ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЯ КУЛЬТУРИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДИНАМІКИ СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИХ СИСТЕМ

Author(s): Lyudmyla Vaclavivna Tanska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2023

The purpose of the article is to examine the processes of globalisation in the field of culture in the context of the dynamics of socio-cultural systems, also mediated by the effects of globalism. Research methodology. The principles of the dialectical method are the basis of the research methodology. The study of globalisation in the field of culture and the analysis of the dynamics of socio-cultural systems is carried out using an interdisciplinary approach. In the study of globalisation as an open, self-developing system, the synergistic method is applied. The study also uses the methods of theoretical generalisation, analysis, and synthesis; structural and systemic methods, as well as cultural methods, which allowed for a comprehensive consideration of the specified problem and achievement of the relevant research results. The scientific novelty lies in the systematisation and generalisation of the main trends of the globalisation of culture and the dynamics of socio-cultural systems mediated by globalisation influences. Conclusions. Globalisation is one of the most pressing issues of contemporary research, due to both the interdisciplinary nature of the concept of globalisation and the multidimensionality and multifacetedness of this phenomenon. The dialectic of the complex interaction of all systems and components of social interaction leads to a configuration where a universal global culture is formed in parallel with the preservation of a wide and heterogeneous set of local cultures, which are non-linear processes. Globalisation generates new demarcation lines, new localities that do not coincide with the traditional ones – local, regional, national, ethnic, and others. Historically complex multi-level interrelationships, being the source of the development of globalisation processes, form its dialectical nature: on the one hand, internationalisation and globalisation are expanding and deepening, and on the other hand, processes of the opposite direction are actively developing. The dynamics of socio-cultural systems in the context of globalisation is determined by synergistic interactions of open complex systems, which, in the presence of external and internal determinants, are capable of qualitative transformations and changes within the system, producing the corresponding dynamics of transformational changes.