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(Не)познатият език: Гергьовден при бесарабските българи

Author(s): Svetlana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

Folk-calendar terminology is an expression of the national specificity of cultures. This makes its studying promising within the framework of the tendencies for ‘European-style thinking’ which have emerged since the beginning of the 21st century. The article examines St. George’s Day customs and rituals in their ethnolinguistic aspect. G’erg’ewd’en (Vch, Cub, Chsh), G’ergyovd’en (A, G, Kam, Dl, Z), G’ergyochd’en (A) , G’ergyouud’en(Kr), Gyorguvd’en (Kul), Gyorguud’en (R), Gerg’ofden (Cyr), G’argyovd’an (DN), Gergiuden (Or) – the largest and richest – in a ritual sense – spring religious vestive-ritual complex of the Bessarabian Bulgarians, which is celebrated on the 6th of May (on the 23rd of April old style) and is dedicated to the Christian saint George, who is – in the folk tradition – the protector of shepherds and flocks. The paper attempts to systematize and explore the peculiarities of the cultural dialect associated with St. George’s Day ritual sequence.

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ANALYSE STYLISTIQUE DE LA MÉTAPHORE IN ABSENTIA DANS LE NOIR N’EST POINT NOIR D’ALBERT DEBONY

Author(s): Gomongo Nargawélé SILUÉ / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2018

Metaphor is the result of an imaged language use by which at a semantic level one compares two terms that belong to different domains. In its structure, irrespetive of the metaphorized item belonging to literary discourse or not, we talk about metaphor in praesentia or in absentia, lively or dead, simple or continued… As such, the domain of realization of the metaphor is surely the literary. If it is also true that the stylistic analysis, in accordance with the stylistic approach proposed by Georges Molinié, aims to describe what determines the literary nature of the discourse, then we are entitled to infer that metaphor, especially in absentia, ceases to be a simple trope because generated by an analogical transfer of denomination, as well as what can render its literary character to the discourse of Albert Debony, through its strong occurrence.

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Christmas Trees, Pigs and Catwalks: A Brief Look at Oil and Gas Metaphors

Author(s): Stefania Alina Cherata / Language(s): English / Issue: XVIII/2017

Metaphor is generally defined as a form of transfer that suggests a relation of similarity between two entities. Specialist literature features a complex debate whose focus lies on the question as to whether metaphors reproduce similarities or generate them. A number of metaphor theorists have argued against the assumption that metaphors express already existing similarities between ‘objects’. They have shown that metaphors do not need to refer to real-world entities in order to be interpretable. There are situations when a metaphor can be meaningful even if the similarity underlying it does not have a correspondent in immediate reality. Based on this, Weinrich (1968) argues that the similarities expressed in metaphors are not simply present in the natural world, but are created by the metaphors themselves. However, he adds that such similarities cannot be regarded as completely subjective constructs, but that they represent perspectives which people bring in their interaction with their environment. The present paper demonstrates the validity of this hypothesis by carrying out a comparative analysis of selected metaphors from the field of oil and gas in English and Romanian. The variety of metaphors which express the same semantic content cross-linguistically and sometimes within the same language illustrates precisely this phenomenon.

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Comparative Analysis of the Textual Competence of Bulgarian Students in English as a Foreign Language, and in Bulgarian

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Comparative Analysis of the Textual Competence of Bulgarian Students in English as a Foreign Language, and in Bulgarian

Author(s): Albena Nikolova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to present a comparative analysis of the textual competence of Bulgarian students in English as a foreign language, and in Bulgarian. The corpus includes narrative and argumentative essays in English and Bulgarian, on the basis of which the tested persons’ skills in both languages are assessed. The texts are analyzed against criteria such as text structure, macro structure and cohesion. Attention is paid to language facts such as vocabulary/lexis, grammar,phraseology and syntactic structures.

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DUVAR YAZILARINA BİÇEMBİLİM VE GÖSTERGEBİLİM AÇISINDAN BİR BAKIŞ

Author(s): Rezan Karakas / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 49/2018

Within this study, street writings identified in Siirt province were analysed drawing upon stylistics and semiotics. It is observed that street writings, as a product of the social life, are considered as a character of “discourse”. With this respect, this study can also be considered as a discourse analysis. Texts obtained from the street writings vary due to their structures and express perspectives from different writers. In this study, the focus was on to discover what type of functions street writings have in interpersonal communication and what type of meanings they arouse in readers’ minds. When analysing the street writings, not only linguistic structures of text but also non-linguistic and meta-language structures were taken into consideration. There was an explanation on figures of speech (rhetoric) such as simile, metaphor and contrast which constitute the backbone of the street writings, various deviations, symbols and intertextual relations, and messages within these writings were interpreted. Thus, the door to the mysterious world of the street writings as an output of the relation and interaction of the person with both him/herself and other individuals was opened slightly.

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Español neutro — español latino: Hacia una norma hispanoamericana en los medios de comunicación

Author(s): Antonio María López González / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 5/2019

Within the framework of the varieties of the Spanish language in America, there has been built a linguistic variety, popularly known as Latin Spanish, commonly used in the international media, audiovisual productions and in the dubs made in Latin America. This article aims to analyse the concept of neutral or Latin Spanish (español neutro and español latino), its role as a standard Spanish-American variety, its fields of use, as well as its linguistic characteristics.

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Grammatical Synonymy with Adverbs and Adverbials in English and Romanian

Author(s): Anca Florina Lipan / Language(s): English / Issue: XVIII/2017

Although not as popular as lexical synonymy, grammatical synonymy is equally important and yet not very much analyzed. Terms such as “equivalent pairs of sentences” or“parallel constructions” are used in the specialized literature, fact which points to the still little approval of the term of grammatical synonymy. The present paper will give a brief account of the synonymy at the level of adverbs and adverbials. The existence of synonymy seems to be proven not only at the level of the relationship established between adverbs and other word classes and their capability of replacing each other in structures conveying similar meanings, but it is obvious that translation is another source of synonymy between different languages or between different translations of the same source text, which is worth exploring.

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I lektori griješe

Author(s): Velimir Laznibat / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 4/1980

Pisan je ovaj rad sa lektorskog gledišta i iz iskustva. U njemu se bavim pogreškama koje lektori propuštaju i kojih, na žalost, nije mali broj. Zato je ovaj napis praktične naravi. Mada je »bavljenje« jezikom apstraktna djelatnost, lektorski je rad konkretan posao. To je razlog više da ovaj napis bude konkretan, s primjerima.

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Imperfekat u djelu Isaka Samokovlije

Author(s): Stevan Stefanovic / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 2/1983

Dans ce travail on a etudie le fonctionnement de l'imparfait – sur le plan syntaxique et stylistique – dans l'oeuvre d'Isak Samokovlija, conteur contemporain de Bosnie-Herzegovine. Sur 1300 pages de texte on a trouve 112 exemples d'imparfait, dont 40 du verbe etre et 72 touts les autres verbes. Le corpus analyse a fait voir que cette forme est en vole de disparition, ce qui est conforme a l'etat actuel du serbocroate. On a aussi constate que l'imparfait est une des formes des plus expressives dans l'oeuvre d'Isak Samokovlija.

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Jednakost akuzativa s nominativom ili genitivom u jednini imenica prve vrste

Author(s): Mevlida Garic / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 3-4/1975

Akuzativ jednine imenica i vrste prvobitno je bio jednak nominativu. Postepeno je došlo do diferenciranja u upotrebi, pa kada ove imenice označavaju nešto neživo, imaju akuzativ jednak nominativu, a kada označavaju nešto živo, imaju akuzativ jednak genitivu. Međutim, u praksi nije uvijek tako, mnogi slučajevi se ne mogu podvesti pod ovo pravilo.

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Jezičke pouke

Author(s): S. M. / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 2/1977

Ко кога тестира? — Једној спортској вијести Политика je дала сљедећи наслов: Младост и Партизан тестирају Вашаш и Хонвед у Будимпешти. Међутим, у тексту те вијести стоји: »Тако ће два реномирана клуба нашег северног суседа на известан начин тестирати наше клубове пред учешће у купу«. Из овога je јасно да he ватерполисти Младости и Партизана бити тестирани од стране Вашаша и Хонведа. А да ли je то јасно из наслова? Не би се рекло.

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L’ADAPTATION CINÉMATOGRAPHIQUE DE LA MÉTAPHORE: LE CAS DE LA MORT D’ANNA KARÉNINE

Author(s): Julie LESNOFF / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2018

What is going on when the metaphor which leads to the notion of transfer, and which can cause problems during its translation, is transferred from text to screen? In this article we shall dwell on the question of the film adaptation of the metaphor by focusing on the case of Anna Karénine's death metaphorically presented in Tolstoy's novel. [This article resumes the conclusions resulting from the analysis of several films within the framework of the Master's degree research thesis.] Also to illustrate our reflection, we shall concentrate on the analysis of a sequence of the film based on Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina, by Bernard Rose, staging Anna Karénine's death.

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La critique de cinéma comme outil rhétorique de persuasion

Author(s): Dominika Topa-Bryniarska / Language(s): French / Issue: 5/2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine emotional argumentation in the context of discursive strategies of persuasion, exploiting the rhetorical parameters of movere and delectare that govern the persuasive enterprise rooted in the deliberative dimension of film reviews. Based on one hundred reviews of three French popular comedies the author proposes to identify linguistic units related to the principle of affective and conative assignment of intensifying attribution and identification. Thus it is possible to lock the addressee in the discursive universe created by the addresser, which in many respects resembles the techniques used in the advertising argumentation.

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LA MÉTAPHORE COMME FIGURE D’EXPRESSION DU CONFLIT RACIAL DANS LA CROIX DU SUD DE JOSEPH NGOUÉ

Author(s): Omer T TAKAM / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2018

This article deals with metaphor seen as the key figure at the core of the process of meaning generation concerning the conflict that opposes the black race to the white one in The Southern Cross. The figure takes on various expressive configurations in expressing the danger speakers of both races face, each one appearing dangerous, able to destroy their adversary. The Black use it to unveil the monstrous inhumanity of the White towards them, while the White employ it to portray the Black as a worthless human being. The clash of the two races allows us to perceive the black victory and their possible freedom from the white chain. This is the meaning intended to be provided by this study through a stylistic approach.

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MYTHE ET MÉTAPHORE DANS L’ÉCRITURE DE SYLVIE GERMAIN

Author(s): Crina-Magdalena Zarnescu / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2018

Drawing on Borges’s idea, according to which man compensates the limits of reason in an effort to understand the most intimate mechanisms of existence through imagination, which creates myths and symbols, this paper aims at analyzing the metaphor which Sylvie Germain builds in her poetic novel Le Livre des Nuits. Metaphor is the ingredient of an alchemical writing supposed to catch the movement of ideas and feelings facing an aggressive and compelling reality. Metaphor is with Sylvie Germain a source of mythical innovation in the sense that it recalibrates the ancient myths in modern times' terms. If we were to define Germain’s metaphor by its sensory, pathos, esthetic and axiological traits, then we would turn to two of her works which help us see through it the “colours of the invisible” and hear the “echoes of silence” of her writing.

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O zahtjevu stabilnosti u književnom jeziku

Author(s): Vilém Mathesius / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 1-2/1973

Mana današnjih sporova oko pravilnog češkog jezika u tome je što se u njima problem jezičke pravilnosti razmatra sam za sebe. Ne posvećuje se pažnja, bar ne sistematska, očiglednoj pripadnosti ovoga problema širem i stoga nadređenom problemu jezičke usavršenosti (prefinjenosti). A objektivno rasuđivati о težnji za jezičkom pravilnošću možemo samo onda ako tu težnju osvijetlimo sa stanovišta brige za jezičku istančanost ili sa stanovišta jezičke kulture.

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OSNOVNA OBILJEŽJA RAZGOVORNOG FUNKCIONALNOG STILA

Author(s): Irena Stevovic / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 17/2017

This paper deals with the fundamental characteristics of the conversational functional style, inspecting the way in which this functional style, at different levels of language, differs from other functional styles. Since this functional style is insufficiently studied and described, this paper deas with the issues relating to the character of the conversational functional style and gives an overview of its primary features in phonetic, morphological, syntactic, lexical and phrasal level.

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Pristup kompleksnijoj stilističkoj analizi srpskohrvatskoga stihovanog izraza

Author(s): Jovan Vukovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3-4/1972

Ako želimo da potražimo i što je moguće adekvatnije da prikažemo izražajne efekte jedne lirske pesme, moramo imati izgrađene kriterije lingvističke analize; potrebno nam je poslužiti se osnovnim principima savremene strukturalne lingvistike, dalje od suhog deskriptivnog tipa a bliže do funkcionalne lingvistike u pravom smislu. Može, kao što se to često čini, predmet analize biti samo jedan „sloj” izražajnih efekata: značenjski efekti, bez formalnih ili sa malim zahvatom u formalne elemente, ili obrnuto formalni elementi sa manjim ili većim osloncem na semantičku stranu izraza; može posebno biti zahvaćen i izdvojen zvučni sloj, koji se opet može raščlanjivati na: a) ulogu čisto fonetskih (odnosno fonoloških) elemenata, b) ulogu akcenatskofonetsikih jedinica, c) dejstvovanje rečenične intonacije, — i, d) najzad, predočava nam se u posebnom aspektu rečenična struktura (u posebnom vidu kompleksnije može biti zahvaćena sintaksička i intonaciona struktura u međuodnosima njihovih izražajnih efekata).

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RADICAL LANDSCAPES OF R. F. LANGLEY’S POETRY: A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF “TO A NIGHTINGALE”

Author(s): Vurmay M. Ayça / Language(s): English / Issue: 170/2019

This paper aims to examine R. F. Langley’s poetry as an example of radical landscape poetry, which is characterized by the interplay between landscape and language in an open field of con/textual relationships, with special focus on his poem “To a Nightingale”. Langley’s poetry can be regarded as a Modernist compound of tradition and innovation, affirmation and negation, certainty and doubt, and the human and the non-human. Langley’s poetic landscape(s) or his artistic canvas is associated with the late-modernist writing of his time. In Langley’s poetry, the relationships between landscape/environment and humanity, the human and the non-human are depicted as mutually constructive. Situated between the romantic and the existentialist discourses, Langley’s poetry possesses a modernist, depersonalized, scientific, innovative, experimental and speculative approach to reality and language. “To a Nightingale” epitomizes the modernist indeterminacy of reality and language through the vertiginous vacillation of the speaker between alternatives of truth and expression in the checkerboard of existence, as well as through the disordered structure and shape of the poem, alternating between opposite poles, through the use of stylistic devices such as parataxis, juxtaposition, enjambment, parallelism, deviation, foregrounding and discoursal relations.

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Sabito kazivanje i jasnoća stila

Author(s): Blažo Milicevic / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 4/1978

U našem dinamičnom vremenu posebno dolazi do izražaja nastojanje da se utroši što manje prostora (ako se piše) i vremena (ako se usmeno kazuje) za informaciju, etiketu, novinski naslov, reklamu i sl. Nekada su u svemu ovome presudni ekonomski razlozi, nekada tehnički, likovni, ali model neke konstrukcije ostaje i dalje se širi. Razumljiva je težnja informatorova da sa što manje jezičkih sredstava jasno iskaže misao. Ali je još Tomo Maretić, zalažući se za jasnoću i jedrinu stila, ukazao na to da i sabitost može biti isto tako mana stila kao i razvučenost

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