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Ferma Agricola Model Studina, judetul Romanati

Author(s): Victor-Viorel Vatamanu,Danut Ghita / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2018

The agricultural farm of Studina represents the begining of the agricultural scientific research in Romanți country and also one of the most important agricultural centers of Oltenia. Researching the archives, autors tried to discover documents that prove the scientific performance from an ancient geographic space wich, by name, reminds us of our historical origins: ROMANAȚI – ROMA NATI – BORN AT ROME. This paper presents economical importance as well as educational purposes for young people as a major goal of Studina „s agricultural farm. Excellent results were materialized by obtaining as special corn type – Galben de Studina – preserved in the gene banks of Fundulea and Suceava and by teaching many farmer generations.

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Gospodarstwo pszczelarskie jako forma przedsiębiorstwa rodzinnego: analiza społeczno-ekonomiczna

Author(s): Andriy Popovych / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2019

The beekeeping sector in the EU is small compared to other agricultural sectors, but necessary to pollinate most crops. In the European Union and Ukraine, the majority of beekeepers are small family farms. The family farm is an important institution of Western European agriculture and an important element of rural social life. The purpose of this article is to examine a particular type of agricultural enterprise and the type of activity that is beekeeping and to identify its specific features, which makes it possible to classify it as a family enterprise. The socio-economic analysis of apiculture is carried out from the perspective of two approaches. The first approach means meeting formal criteria for family farming. The second approach takes into account the most common practice in individual beekeeping. The study suggests that the formulation and a series of theoretical and practical rules regarding family farming has been confirmed in the analysis of an individual beekeeping farm as a small form of agricultural production.

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Pesticides; A necessary evil in the agricultural value chain–A review

Author(s): Joshua Yeboah Asiamah,Josiah Wilson Tachie-Menson,Daniel Sakyi Agyirifo,Rosemary Agbeko,Frank Essem / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Even though pesticides constitute a very essential component of improved and modern agriculture, the abuse of pesticides has brought substantial poisoning worldwide, especially in developing countries. This review investigates the possible sources by which people are exposed to pesticides worldwide and the impact on their livelihood. The group who often are exposed to these chemicals includes, farm workers, children, farmers, and family members who have direct link to the pesticide application sites as well as persons who are exposed to these pesticides through the domestic use of waterbodies and consumption of foodstuff or crops sprayed with these pesticides. Central to this review is the critical discussions of the different scientific research findings on health effects and risks related to pesticides usage. Again, organophosphates and organochlorines pesticides are found in most of the pesticide contaminated sites and can remain in soil and waterbodies for a longtime. This work has also provided cases of incidence of carcinogenicity in humans, as a result of pesticides use. We concluded that, breeding or developing insect tolerant or resistant crops may curb the profuse use of pesticides in agriculture.

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Wspólna polityka rolna a zrównoważenie ekonomiczne i środowiskowe gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce

Author(s): Katarzyna Smędzik-Ambroży,Marta Guth / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2019

The purpose of the article was to determine the impact of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) instruments on the economic and environmental sustainability of farms in Poland in 2004-2014. For this purpose, a panel analysis was used based on farm accountancy data network. It has been shown that agri-environmental subsidies are an instrument that had a positive impact on the economic and environmental sustainability of farms in Poland. In addition, it has been proven that replacing subsidies for agricultural production with single area payments does not favor the increase in the sustainability of agriculture in Poland. In connection with this, agri-environmental subsidies are the most beneficial instrument in the pursuit of increasing the sustainability of agriculture in Poland. From this point of view their importance should be strengthened because they contribute to the implementation of the postulate of increasing the sustainability of the EU agriculture, which is the strategic goal of the European Union.

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Międzynarodowa konkurencyjność polskiej branży ziemniaczanej po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Anna Sylwia Kowalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2019

Celem artykułu jest ocena zmian, jakie zaszły w wielkości, wartości oraz strukturze polskiej wymiany handlowej ziemniakami i produktami z ziemniaków, oraz konkurencyjności tej wymiany. Za miernik konkurencyjności przyjęto wskaźniki OE, TC, MP oraz CTOT. Wykazano, że po wstąpieniu Polski do UE widoczny jest wzrost eksportu ziemniaków i ich produktów. Polska jest eksporterem przede wszystkim produktów przetworzonych, tj. ziemniaków mrożonych oraz produktów skrobiowych. Największe zmiany z strukturze towarowej dotyczą rynku chipsów. Polska w ciągu badanego okresu zwiększyła eksport tych produktów o prawie 247% pod względem ilości, a o 91,5% pod względem wartości. Z kolei ilość importowanych chipsów zwiększyła się w analizowanym okresie aż o 1760%, ich wartość zaś o 1450%. Polska pod względem wartości ma przewagi komparatywne w przypadku ziemniaków oraz ich przetworów, natomiast wykazuje brak tych przewag w przypadku produktów skrobiowych.

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Zmiany w administracji rolnej i ich wpływ na wdrażanie instrumentów wsparcia rolnictwa w Polsce

Author(s): Alina Walenia / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2019

Cele artykułu stanowią identyfikacja zmian w organizacji i funkcjonowaniu administracji rolnej związanych ze zniesieniem Agencji Rynku Rolnego oraz Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych i utworzeniem Krajowego Ośrodka Wsparcia Rolnictwa, a także omówienie wpływu tych zmian na obsługę beneficjentów obszarów wiejskich i rolnictwa korzystających z finansowych instrumentów wsparcia. Wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w grupie beneficjentów wsparcia rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich wskazywały, że rolnicy oczekują więcej i lepszej informacji na temat wdrażanych programów i działań, przyśpieszenia terminów rozpatrywania wniosków oraz większej dostępności do instytucji obsługujących rolnictwo. Ankietowani wskazywali na konieczność ograniczenia biurokracji i usprawnienie procesu wnioskowania. Respondenci wskazywali, że zmiany w układzie instytucjonalnym nie miały wpływu na poprawę wykonywania zadań w zakresie obsługi rolnictwa.

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Produkcja rolna w Polsce a eksport rolno-spożywczy

Author(s): Jacek Strojny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2018

The research is aiming at the identification of the dynamic causality between agricultural production in Poland and exports of agri-food goods. Identification of the magnitude and direction of these variables may be used for economic policy forming. The study covers the period of 1991—2013 and is based on the data from the FAO; the research employs the vector autoregression methodology (VAR). The study comprises, among others, the analysis of the impulse response function and variance decomposition of forecasts’ errors of VAR model variables. The results of the research show that agricultural production in Poland is shaped by both own and exports delays. On the other hand, agri-food exports are mainly influenced by their own development trends. This means that, in the VAR model, exports should be seen as a priority ('more exogenous').

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Identyfikacja i ocena zmienności cen drewna w nadleśnictwie Płock

Author(s): Przemysław Suchodolski,Marcin Idzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2018

The main aim of the research is to evaluate the variability of prices of selected wood assortments in the Płock Forest District. Prices of eight wood types were analysed according to the rules of time series decomposition using the CENSUS II X-11 method. The cycles length was also evaluated by means of Fourier spectral analysis. Data were obtained from the Płock Forest District and covered the years 2004—2014 on a monthly basis. On the basis of the conducted study, it was found that wood prices in the Płock Forest District are characterised by a clear share systematic variability which means that a trend and cyclicality can be distinguished. The results of this research have also shown considerable scale of seasonal and accidental fluctuations in wood prices. The analysis of wood prices showed a growing trend for all assortments, while the dynamics of seasonal fluctuations differed depending on the assortment. Significant intensity of random fluctuations was found, which were characterised by high amplitude of deviations.

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Produktywność rolnictwa Unii Europejskiej w latach 2009-2018. Pomiar i analiza z wykorzystaniem zagregowanych indeksów produ

Author(s): Robert Rusielik / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The study measured the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of European Union (EU) agriculture in 2009-2018. Aggregated Färe-Primont productivity indexes were used for this purpose. The indexes are relative in nature, i.e. their level is determined in relation to other countries, and thus, first of all, productivity indicators were calculated for 25 EU countries. Then, an analysis of the changes in these indicators in the analysed years was performed. Based on the analysis, countries were grouped into four specific groups distinguished by differences in the level of productivity and by the dynamics and nature of changes taking place at this level. In essence, group A are countries with the highest levels of productivity throughout the period under analysis. Group B are countries characterized by an average level of productivity. Group C are countries where the level of productivity is decreasing, while group D are countries with the lowest productivity. In the next stage of research, an attempt was made to compare the identified groups in terms of selected indicators. The aim of the research was to show the differences in the level of productivity between EU countries and to try to find factors affecting this level.

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Zróżnicowanie struktury certyfikowanych gospodarstw ekologicznych w krajach Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Lidia Luty / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2017

The main objective of this article is to present the differences in the structures of certified organic farms in the European Union (EU) countries within 2005—2013, using dynamic and spatial approach. The method of vectors elimination was used in a study. The analysis showed that changes in the structure of organic farms in the EU countries were not always reflected in the structure of their areas. More significant changes occurred in the structure of farm number, in particular with regard to the countries which joined the European Union in 2004. In 2013 it was possible to distinguish five groups of EU countries that are similar to each other in terms of structure of number and six — in terms of the structure of area. In the majority of EU countries, organic farms covered the area over 10,0 ha.

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Lesistość w Polsce w przekrojach terytorialnych

Author(s): Katarzyna Ciesielska,Mariusz Ciesielski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2017

The aim of the article is to present changes in forest cover within 2002—2014 in different territorial profiles. The analysis was conducted on the basis of CSO data concerning forest land, population and changes in administrative division, which were compared in relation to gminas, voivodships and urban agglomerations. The results indicate an increase in forest land area by 290000 ha in the period analysed, which implies an increase in the forest cover indicator by 0.9% across the country. The forest area per 1000 inhabitants also increased (on average by 5.7 ha in Poland). The differences in both indicators were the most visible at a lower territorial level.

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Warunki i efekty działalności łowieckiej w Polsce według województw

Author(s): Dominik Śliwicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2017

The aim of the article is to distinguish voivodships with similar conditions and results of hunting activities. As a research tool, the technique of linear sorting and grouping of multi-feature objects was used. The survey was conducted using the data on hunting for 2015 published by CSO. For the selection of diagnostic variables included in the construction of the rankings and groups of voivodships the parametric Hellwig method was used. Similar outcomes were obtained as a result of the research conducted by two methods with various ways of diagnostic variables normalization and different design of development measures, both in terms of ordering and isolating groups of voivodships.

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Powiązania integracyjne rolnictwa z przemysłem spożywczym na Podkarpaciu

Author(s): Roman Chorób / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2017

The paper presents factors influencing the integration of agriculture and food industry in the Podkarpackie voivodship. The status analysis of these dependencies in 2005 and 2013 was prepared on the basis of data obtained from surveys among agricultural producers. For the purpose of the analysis powiat was adopted as a research unit for spatial comparisons. The impact of the analysed factors on the integration of the food economy in the region was assessed. In the computation of integrational links intensity the value of contract production in the total value of market output of agricultural farm was considered. The presented results show that the development of the examined relationships is determined by, i.a.: percentage of agricultural farms producing mainly for market, share of agricultural land in the total area, stocking density of pigs per 100 ha of arable land and density of hard surface roads. As a result, it can be stated that the development of agri-food integration depends mainly on the profitability of agricultural production.

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Wpływ ubezpieczeń gospodarczych na rozwój gospodarstw rolnych

Author(s): Agnieszka Kurdyś-Kujawska,Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2016

This article aims to assess the impact of economic insurance for the development of farms by exploring their development in the division on the farm with them and enjoying not benefit. As the development of farm the authors understand the process leading to the quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of this group. Data for the study were obtained in surveys conducted directly with the owners (or managers) of Middle Pomerania farms. The study period covered the year 2012 and for some of the questions included in the survey — 2004—2011. Research hypothesized that the insurance coverage is an important factor in determining the development of farms. The study used Hellwig’s standard method and classification of households based on arranging objects. Each community was divided into four groups of households. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the voluntary insurance are economic stimulant for the development of farms.

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Wykorzystanie gradacyjnej analizy danych do klasyfikacji podregionów pod względem struktury agrarnej

Author(s): Grzegorz Koszela / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2016

The article deals with the problem of measuring the dissimilarity structures. It turned out that the proposed measure, built by analogy with the Gini coefficient, can capture the subtleties, to which are not sensitive measure based on the metrics, commonly used in the literature. This paper presents a way to visualize structures using maps over-representation and ways of grouping objects by gradation data analysis. The groupings results are shown in comparison with the results obtained by other methods.

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Rozwój rolnictwa ekologicznego na świecie

Author(s): Lidia Luty / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2016

In the world there is still growing interest in agricultural production system in accordance with the criteria of organic farming. In 2005, the world ecological area remained at the level of more than 29 mln ha, and in 2012, was already more than 37 mln ha. Its participation in relation to the total agricultural area increased in those years from 0,67% to 0,85%. The number of organic producers in the world increased almost three times. The aim of this paper was to present the development of organic farming in the world between 2005 and 2012, taking into account such characteristics as: ecological area of agricultural land and crops, the share of organic area in the overall area of the utilized agricultural area, the number of organic producers and the average size of organic land, as well as the area of organic agricultural land per 100 inhabitants.

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Sezonowość cen skupu mleka w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej w latach 2004-2018

Author(s): Anna Olszańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2020

Celem opracowania jest ocena zmian w sezonowości cen skupu mleka w Polsce na tle wybranych krajów UE. Analizowano zmiany zachodzące w czasie funkcjonowania Polski na wspólnym rynku Unii Europejskiej, a także wpływ zniesienia kwot mlecznych na ceny. Do badań wybrano w sposób celowy dwóch największych producentów mleka w Unii – Niemcy i Francję, a także kraje Europy Środkowej – Czechy i Słowację oraz Polskę. Zakres czasowy badań obejmował lata 2004-2018. Wejście Polski w struktury rynku unijnego spowodowało wzrost cen skupu mleka. Wahały się one w podobnych cyklach jak w pozostałych analizowanych krajach. Podobny był także rytm wahań sezonowych cen w skali roku. Zniesienie kwot mlecznych nie wywołało istotnych perturbacji, jeśli chodzi o ceny skupu. Stało się to jednak okazją do pogłębienia zmian strukturalnych zachodzących stopniowo na tym rynku.

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Wpływ zmian klimatu na produkcję w gospodarstwach rolnych

Author(s): Ewa Kołoszycz / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

Agricultural production is very sensitive to climate change, due to its natural nature. Farm owners wanting to limit the influence of this impact or to mitigate the effects, have introduced various adaptation measures. The aim of the article is to present the main effects of climate change on plant and animal production on farms and to show the possibilities and barriers to implementing adaptation measures. The article is a review study. The main effects of climate change impact include a reduction in the quantity and quality of production, weakening animal and plant resistance to diseases and pests, and reproduction problems. Adaptation measures are undertaken by farmers, but they can also be initiated by the farm’s external environment. The main challenges that farmers are facing include their adaptability problems and the way they perceive climate change and the risks associated with them.

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Innowacyjność i efektywność przedsiębiorstw przemysłu spożywczego w Polsce w ujęciu regionalnym

Author(s): Aneta Zakrzewska,Piotr Chojnacki / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

This paper was an attempt at assessing the innovation activity and efficiency of expenditure on innovation activity in food industry firms in Poland by regions and to identify the advantages of food industry firms from specific voivodeships in terms of their innovation activity and efficiency. Expenditure on and effects of the innovation activity in food industry firms in the respective voivodeships of Poland in 2016-2018 were analysed. As regards innovation, the most active units were those in the Mazowieckie and Małopolskie voivodeships. A strong propensity towards innovation and high efficiency were also noted in such firms in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Dolnośląskie voivodeships. The highest efficiency in the expenditure on innovation activity characterised the food industry in the Lubuskie and Opole voivodeships. Despite their strong propensity to innovate, the food industry firms in the Lublin and Mazowieckie voivodeships showed low efficiency, while those in the Łódź voivodeship performed the worst.

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Wybrane uwarunkowania produkcji i sprzedaży towarów w krótkim łańcuchu dostaw żywności przez gospodarstwa zajmujące się

Author(s): Renata Matysik-Pejas / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2020

The aim of the study was to identify factors determining farms’ decision to produce and sell products obtained from animals of native breeds in short food supply chains. The empirical material was the result of a survey carried out in 2017. The direct interview method was used to collect information. The research sample included 144 farms keeping animals of native breeds of cattle, sheep and pigs. The spatial scope of the research covered three provinces of south-eastern Poland. The group of factors positively stimulating the development of food sales in short supply chains includes the knowledge and skills of breeders and the expected demand for products from the farms. In turn, the group of factors constituting obstacles and causing farms not to undertake this activity is connected with the necessary amount of work input, the need to develop a marketing concept for this activity and to create an appropriate image on the market, as well as veterinary, sanitary and tax regulations.

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