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A few little-known facts, which impacted development of the aesthetic principles of the Russian avant-garde on artistic conceptions of representatives of the German socialistic drama, are considered in the article. Avant-garde movement appeared during the time of decadence preponderance in European and Russian culture. Trying to address the problem of decaying art, the avant-garde theorists introduced a set of conceptual ideas of the future epos aimed at the stimulation of life development. Real facts, documents, and newspaper materials act as a construction material for the “documentary epos” in conceptual ideas of S. Tretyakov. The method of cohesion, which reveals hidden social energy of the fragment, has a mosaic nature, by the analogy with the principles of seriality in Russian avant-garde art. Analysis of the studied materials lead us to a conclusion that exposure to aesthetic theories and theatrical practice of the Russian avant-garde exerted particular influence on B. Brecht’s theory of the epic theatre.
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This paper discusses the importance of arranged and processed archival fonds and collections for their use, particularly for research purposes. In the background and arranged archival collections easily and quickly manage by both archivists and users of archives. Ordering of archive material is also a basic prerequisite for performing user functions, and digitizing and microfilming.. In performing these archives are usually faced with different problems. The fact is that archives are not able to handle and process all stored archival materials because of the lack of staff in the services of treatment, because the successful takeover current records of quality arranged funds a good way to enable users to still use untreated and archive holdings and as simpler use of the same by the archivists in administrative purposes. In this paper we present some observations on the impact of processing archival fonds and collections, which were reached during the work with archival fonds and researchers.
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Considering the level of preservation of the archival documents created during the operation of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the first half of the 20th century, and bearing in mind the needs of its usage in scientific and research purposes, the application of the principle of liberal provenance will be the most successful system in making these documents available to historians and publicists. Despite the discontinuity of the existing archival documents, that is, the possibility of their usage as sources of information, and the differences in office management, a strong and single-minded choice of the archivist to use the principle of liberal provenance enables the clarification of the management structure of the archival documents’ creator. This further enables gaining a quick and adequate insight into the document production of the Holy Synod from 1920 to 1940.
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When it comes to various record creators, of which very few records ar left after disposal, it is necessary to consider all the facts and try to determine how to make the creators “visible” in the Inventory of record groups while at the same time avoiding to produce “crowded” review of record groups, which again makes creators “invisible”. From all this I can conclude that when allocating the record group number, this should not be done automatically to each creator. Other elements should be considered either, which are necessary to create a separate record group of the material left by a creator. We should take care whether in doing so we again make the creator “invisible” and whether the records of this creator are really interesting to researchers or we are just producing a false image of the material in the record group by allocating the number to each creator.
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It is a known fact that a large number of archival fonds and collections stored in the archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina are incomplete or fragmentary. Although there are no exact data about it, though, on the basis of published knowledge of archivists, we can claim with certainty that the issue was one of the essential problems of this activity. The paper points to the causes of the current unfavorable conditions that are generally still present in the work of the registry and archives, at different levels of complexity of this issue, and to some the most important (and possible) modalities for completing the incomplete archive funds, and directing of attention to proper handling of archives with current records in order at this stage, ie. preserving the integrity of emerging fund.
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Effects of transition processes are present in all segments of society, including in the segment of establishment and functioning of non-governmental organizations, whose work generated significant archival material. The same is important from a socio-political, cultural, social, economic, environmental, and other aspects, because non-governmental organizations covering all segments of society. This paper aims to highlight the importance of archives of non-governmental organizations, for a more complete understanding of the historical process in a given time period. In order for archival material to be the subject of historical research in the foreseeable future, it must be preserved, in which a large role, as well as responsibility lies with the archives and not only the creators. The paper presents the status of archives, analysis and suggestions for more complete and in this sense more adequate institutional protection structure of NGOs archival material.
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The author in his work on the case of the Fund F.35 Society for the Serbian National Theatre actualize the issue of collecting and storing documentation related to legacies and endowments, legacies and bequests and benefactors who have contributed and to permit operation of many cultural institutions. Their contributions, which were characterized as endowments (funds), legacies or charitable donations, greatly helped institutions were thus financed, that their activity. One of these is the Society for the Serbian National Theatre in Novi Sad, which is a patron theater group SNP, was collecting funds that were directed to financing the theater group. The paper emphasizes the neglect archives for resolving the status of the documentation, which is simply scattered on the funds in the archives (if and preserved) or can be located at other institutions of protection, and often also in private collections of various collectors. The attitude towards this documentation is author of this article is unsustainable and it concludes with the suggestion solution to improve this condition. The basis for the improvement of relations to this documentation by him achieving better cooperation owners of archives relating to endowments, legacies and benefactors. This particularly refers to the realization of joint projects these institutions, on presentation of documents, which promotes commitment benefactors to contribute to enable the creative work of the institutions, which were bequeathed his immovable property or financial assets.
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Archive holdings and collections in the field of education make up a significant part of the archive material in the archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Most of these funds are incomplete. The paper points to some shortcomings of archival theory and practice when it comes to overall system of evaluation of registry and archival material. Particularly noteworthy is the issue of the incompleteness of archival fonds and collections in the field of education and points to the possible improvement of the situation with, among other things, analysis of experiences of the Archive of Tuzla Canton.
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It should be noted that this is not about taking registry once in the form of a whole, but this is a long-term and individual collecting the original documents and various other materials from private collections. After the phase of gathering comes the phase of sorting and selecting, and then determine and identify those individual documents whose treatment is a priority with regard to time which belongs to either of the matter being processed and understanding of said document or documents gathered from a variety of bulk collections and registry. In this way, collected numerous individual documents, that have been out of the registry system and they become significant units and small collections of important research and understanding of certain topics. By processing each document as one manuscript, primarily those in the Ottoman language, we create automatically a unique database through a variety of local and international programs to gather and document archival material. Collecting materials from processed local offices scattered and dispersed collections themselves by entering into a digital processing system becomes thematically and chronologically arranged. In so far as to what one gets administrative permission for access to a particular type of material collected so far to reduce its need for long and exhausting research. Allowing access to archival material processed coming from unorganized collections and which is presented in the form of extensive abstract as a possible approach to systematically arranged material through a system of electronic databases, will show all the importance and usefulness of the individual, and then collected and processed from a variety of documents scattered offices and bulk collections. Attribution, processing and publication of the above-described type of material that comes from scattered offices and scattered collections, in addition to sijil as organized collection of documents of the Ottoman judicial office, it will significantly improve giving access in our region to all the understanding of various topics in Bosnian history of the Ottoman period.
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The author points out a personal statement, made on the basis of many years of work in the Archives of Yugoslavia, that the archival material, at the present time, and inevitably in the future, as located, arranged and worked on in archives, by nature and, even, necessarily be available such information - group or individual. From the initial availability only informative resources on archives (inventories, lists, registers, Abstract, etc.), Progressed to the availability of information about individual archive documents and data in them. It contributes to the development of information technology, which encourage and even coerced archives to use them. Technological development also provides fast access to archival information (scanning, digitizing, etc.) and their transfer to the destination of their customers, who do not have to come and reserve time on research in the archives. Availability of archival documents and archival information will face three major problems: a) the will and ill-will state administrations for their broader or narrower availability, b) supporting the development of legal regulations (legal and regulatory) and c) for a faster and more extensive bandwidth of archival information, which can be slow, due to uneven standardization and outdated technology. At the end of the paper sets out the proposals for solutions to basic problems in the availability of archives and archival information.
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In this work, the author brings his experiences and views about practical applications and benefits of electronic list of archive material. The author presents basic guidelines how to prepare the material for the list, how to do list, which software to use and what are the advantages of electronic list of archive material.
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Orderliness of archival management in registry depends on many factors, which are primarily related to an adequate space (depot), equipment, and especially for the archival personnel, as the most important factor. Registrar must be the force that moves a plan of the archival management. In order to answer the task, they have to be professionally qualified for independent work in the archives, with the aim of positive focus of archival management. Local government as registry is significant for archives and therefore subject of the analysis of this paper. The goal of this paper is to show how much is important human factor (registrar), as well as their professional skills for those jobs.
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Categorized institutions in the Republic of Croatia have relatively few staff who are trained to handle the documentation of an organization. Nowadays, most institutions prefer to hire a new person with the required competencies and to address the problem of managing their material facilities. However, it is often not possible because in the past years jobs did not open, but usually close. Also, the market there is also a small number of staff with the necessary skills and knowledge in the management of documentation. The only staff who is qualified to perform such jobs as archivists and staff in registries with state exam for the care and treatment of archival and current records, and such staff are already employed in their institutions. In order to solve the problem of insufficient qualified staff, it is necessary to even greater cooperation between the competent archival institutions and authorities categorized in Croatia. One of the major limitations of the educational structure of employees of the bodies was categorized and a modest supply of education. The archival community must strive to ensure that as many continuing education programs for employees who are responsible for processing and preservation of records of their institutions, because they are already part of the system and they need to provide good knowledge and understanding of contemporary trends in the areas of records management, electronic documents, physical and technical security material, etc. the programs should include as many managerial staff of the body categorized as a major influence on the motivation of the individual and the organization has a culture and an organization that provides support staff. Knowledge transfer to an archivist of the staff in registries has a great impact on the general level of professional competence.
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First of all, author presents academic community which is represented by the European Centre Maribor (ESM), as a non profit, non governmental institution registered for implementation of university education and for implementation of research projects. For now the ESM have several accredited programs of study I , II and III level, so now it covers several national and international research projects. Study of II level of Archivistics and documentology is a new program that will provide the title of Master of archivistics and documentology for students. The program was prepared in cooperation with our and with foreign archival experts. The program got the support of many individuals, Slovenian archives and related institutions and companies at home and abroad. The program is intended for the purpose of acquiring archival knowledge, archival theory and practice, informatics, documentology. The new and additional informations are needed for employed in professional archival institutions or archival services and also to all of those who deals with any processes related to documents, without looking at form of records and the way of its storing.
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This paper discusses the nature of archival knowledge and its representation in the university education programs of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author presents research about the presence of archival knowledge in programs of university education in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of these studies confirm the fact of inadequate, very reduced presence of archival knowledge , even in the field of History programs, where it is still present. According to the author it is the consequences of an inadequate status of archival science and archival knowledge in society, but also of an inadequate relation towards the scientific characteristics of archival knowledge within the profession. Bureaucratic structures in the academic area of Bosnia and Herzegovina have not yet recognized the importance of archival knowledge in the system of globalization of knowledge that should be realized through the full implementation of the Bologna process, so that the initiative of the experts and scientists from the base (archives , archival associations) do not accept. Exit from the current unsatisfactory situation author sees in endeavor of archivists to improve the situation.
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In Italy in the early nineties, in order to save the public balance, country begins to leaving the traditional system of direct investment, so it is privatized enterprises, public institutions and entire sector of administration. Policy of privatization has consequences for the legal status of the archival materials, which is subjects of a dual regime - public part (created in the past) and private part (for the following period).
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Considering that nowadays development of technology is became simplified and cheaper for production of a large amounts a written and electronic materials , it is necessary to do the evaluation with the creator and regularly select material with limited validity for keeping. On that way the archive would take over only material of a permanent significance. The article present the situation on the field where we evaluate the materials and make special list (and creators should make those lists).
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Office management in the Slovak Republic is regulated by the Law about archives and registry , no. 395/2002, and amending of certain acts, and Regulation no. 628/2002 which implement certain provisions of the Law about archives and registry . The intention of the law in the Slovak Republic is to ensure the system of office management for different creators as are government administration, governments and legal entities. The law also follows the case of liquidation or reorganization of legal entities and clearly defined rules for dealing with the current registry information or with archival documents . In accordance with this Act is also the Law about bankruptcy code , no. 7/2005, which brings other responsibilities . This article further informs about the obligations of legal entities in the process of liquidation , reorganization or bankruptcy and analyzes the situation in practice at the Slovak Republic.
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