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Current Trends in Public Sector Research: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference Cover Image

Current Trends in Public Sector Research: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference
Current Trends in Public Sector Research: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference

Contributor(s): Dagmar Špalková (Editor), Lenka Matějová (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Political Theory, Civil Society, Public Administration, Economic policy, Government/Political systems, Political economy, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Socio-Economic Research
Published by: Masarykova univerzita nakladatelství
Keywords: Public administration; public sector; Czech Republic; Ministerial Employee satisfaction; Civil Service; Tax policy; Pension Sharing; Education in Czech Republic; Slovakia; EU;
Summary/Abstract: The organizers of the traditional “Slapanice'' seminar have asked me to write the foreword to these proceedings. The seminar is celebrating its 20th anniversary this year and, they say, I was present at its birth. So here I am, having been officially declared to be an eyewitness, which has made me little bit broody. Twenty years ago, when we started inviting our colleagues from affiliated departments and institutes engaged in the teaching and research of public sector economics to Slapanice, not even the founder of our field of studies, the legendary Professor Yvonne Strecková, could have envisaged the successful future of the seminar that we are experiencing today.

  • E-ISBN-13: 978-80-210-8125-3
  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-80-210-8082-9
  • Page Count: 454
  • Publication Year: 2016
  • Language: English
Evaluation of User Interface Usability of Public Administration Webpages by Models

Evaluation of User Interface Usability of Public Administration Webpages by Models
(Evaluation of User Interface Usability of Public Administration Webpages by Models)

  • Author(s):Barbora Musilová, Miloslav Hub
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Evaluation research, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
  • Page Range:12-19
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:usability; models; user interfaces; usability evaluation;
  • Summary/Abstract:This article presents a not well-known way of usability evaluation and it focuses on user interface evaluation using models. It is another method of evaluating, apart from user and the expert evaluation. This article presents a short review of the existing models and it is focused on usability evaluation. There are seven basic models. Some of them are demanding because of their time requirements; other because of their knowledge demands; or there is a combination of both factors.
Small and Medium Size Enterprises in the Municipality Public Procurement and Municipal Companies. Case Study of the Czech Republic

Small and Medium Size Enterprises in the Municipality Public Procurement and Municipal Companies. Case Study of the Czech Republic
(Small and Medium Size Enterprises in the Municipality Public Procurement and Municipal Companies. Case Study of the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Radek Jurčík
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Public Administration, Public Law
  • Page Range:20-26
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:public administration; public contracts; small and medum size enterpises; municipalities; municipal companies
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper explores the relationship between procurement and implementation SMEs with the municipality aspect. This article highlights the fact that the new policy within the EU is to support SMEs in public procurement. The article deals with some spatial relations of public contracts in the Czech Republic. Focus is on public contracts awarded statutory cities of the Czech Republic and its municipal companies.
Risk-Taking Attitudes and Lottery Experiment

Risk-Taking Attitudes and Lottery Experiment
(Risk-Taking Attitudes and Lottery Experiment)

  • Author(s):Jozef Nemec, Tomáš Želinský, Matúš Kubák
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Behaviorism, Evaluation research, Social Theory
  • Page Range:27-35
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:lottery game; DoSpeRT; regression;
  • Summary/Abstract:We carry out framed lottery game experiments with the aim to study whether economic agents behave in accordance with expected utility theory. We control for socio-economic background of the participants and we use Domain-Specific Risk-Taking [DoSpeRT) scale to detect, which of the five risk domains [ETHICAL, FINANCIAL, HEALTH, RECREATIONAL, SOCIAL) have most impact on risky behavior in a lottery game. We find out, that females are more rational than males in non-risky environment and males are more rational in a risky environment. Also, the evidence of more frequent use of risky strategy by males is found.
Exploring the Emerging Impacts of Open Data in the Public Sector

Exploring the Emerging Impacts of Open Data in the Public Sector
(Exploring the Emerging Impacts of Open Data in the Public Sector)

  • Author(s):Renata Machova, Martin Lněnička
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:36-44
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:open data; open government; impact; public sector; partial least squares;
  • Summary/Abstract:Open Government Data initiatives, and in particular open data portals, are being developed at the national, regional, local and international level. The increasing availability of open data affects the whole economy. Therefore, this paper explores the emerging impacts of these data in the public sector by using key aspects and attributes of existing e-government development indices. It extends the previously published models and evaluates the impacts of open data enabling factors and also generating mechanisms in the economic, educational, environmental, health, politics and legislation, social, and trade and business development.
Advancing Comparative Research on the Extent and Impacts of Intermunicipal Cooperation

Advancing Comparative Research on the Extent and Impacts of Intermunicipal Cooperation
(Advancing Comparative Research on the Extent and Impacts of Intermunicipal Cooperation)

  • Author(s):Troy Mix, Eduard Bakoš, Filip Hrůza
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Comparative politics, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:45-51
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:municipal cooperation; comparative research; impacts; Czech; United States Air Force;
  • Summary/Abstract:Why do municipalities cooperate and what are the main impacts of such cooperation? Though intermunicipal cooperation (IMC) is not a new public administration topic, answers to these basic questions remain unsettled. In an effort to address these questions, this paper scopes a cross-national comparative research agenda on IMC by 1) identifying data sources and methods that can reveal the extent and impacts of IMC in the Czech Republic and the US and 2) characterizing the implementation of IMC in these settings.
Social Innovations in Slovakia: Success versus Failure

Social Innovations in Slovakia: Success versus Failure
(Social Innovations in Slovakia: Success versus Failure)

  • Author(s):Beata MERIČKOVÁ MIKUŠOVÁ, Juraj Nemec, Mária Murray Svidroňová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Politics and society, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:52-60
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:co-creation; social innovation; failure,; public spaces;
  • Summary/Abstract:The objective of this paper is to present the factors that were the key differences between successful and failed social innovations in a co-creation initiative in Slovakia. Out of 33 implemented projects in this initiative we analyzed 21 final reports for the co-creation projects and selected 5 cases for an in-depth analysis. With 5 representatives of the co-creation projects we conducted structured interview, based on methodology of LIPSE project [Learning from Innovation in Public Sector Environments, project that focuses on identifying drivers and barriers of social innovation and its outcome).
Evaluation of Ministerial Employee Satisfaction within the Context of the Civil Service Act

Evaluation of Ministerial Employee Satisfaction within the Context of the Civil Service Act
(Evaluation of Ministerial Employee Satisfaction within the Context of the Civil Service Act)

  • Author(s):Milan Půček, František Ochrana, Michal Plaček
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Civil Law, Public Administration, Labor relations, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:61-67
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:ministrial employee; satisfaction; Civil Service Act;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the results of empirical research [April-June 2013) regarding the employees of ministries in the Czech Republic [N = 1351 respondents) who deal with analytical, conceptual, strategic, planning, project, programming, strategic and managerial activities. From the current perspective, it regards workers who fall under the regime of the Civil Service Act, which came into effect on 1.1.2015. The main objective of the survey was to explore some aspects of employee satisfaction linked to performance in their position. Based on the survey results, we define the previous state which existed prior to the introduction of new legislation and discuss the possible impacts of the new legislation on employee satisfaction and on the level of the civil service as a whole.
Impact of Decentralization on the Efficiency of Public Procurement. The Case of the Czech Republic

Impact of Decentralization on the Efficiency of Public Procurement. The Case of the Czech Republic
(Impact of Decentralization on the Efficiency of Public Procurement. The Case of the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Milan Půček, František Ochrana, Martin Schmidt, Michal Plaček
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Law, Government/Political systems
  • Page Range:68-75
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:public procurement; decentralization; centralization; efficiency; accountability;
  • Summary/Abstract:The article examines the impact of decentralization factors on the efficiency of public procurement. We analyzed the influence of these factors using an econometric model applied to data on public procurement purchases of gas for the years 2013-2014. In the context of the available data, this tender procedure is with a relatively homogeneous subject of performance, which significantly eliminates the possible distortion of the results due to various quality parameters of the required performance and different methods for determining the estimated value of public contracts.
Offer, Receive and Share: How to Measure Proposers in fMRI Ultimatum and Dictator Game

Offer, Receive and Share: How to Measure Proposers in fMRI Ultimatum and Dictator Game
(Offer, Receive and Share: How to Measure Proposers in fMRI Ultimatum and Dictator Game)

  • Author(s):Lenka Kopečková, Jan ŘEZÁČ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social psychology and group interaction, Behaviorism, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:76-85
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:fMRI; proposer; empathy; ultimatum; dictator;
  • Summary/Abstract:Ultimatum game is in fMRI tested overwhelmingly from the responder's point of view. We assessed experimental designs which would allow for simultaneous testing of a proposer and a receiver under hyperscanning protocol. Our final laboratory designs use a specific set of choice sets and enables an iterated ultimatum game combined with control condition and dictator game. We run two pilots with different settings.
Politicization of Civil Service in Slovakia: Case Study of Selected Ministries in 2004-2014

Politicization of Civil Service in Slovakia: Case Study of Selected Ministries in 2004-2014
(Politicization of Civil Service in Slovakia: Case Study of Selected Ministries in 2004-2014)

  • Author(s):Naďa Adamicová, Katarina Staronova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Civil Society, Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Politics and society, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today)
  • Page Range:86-93
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:top civil service; politicization; turnover; Slovakia; Central Europe;
  • Summary/Abstract:Politicization of top civil service in Central and Eastern Europe has been discussed among both academics and practitioners for some time now. It has been concluded that the politicization of civil servants has resurged since the accession into the EU, which has lead to a great deal of uncertainty among civil service. Nevertheless, the evidence on turnover is mostly stemming from interviews and expert survey since CEE countries lack basic data on HR functions. This paper wants to address this gap and looks into turnover data [both scope and depth) among top civil service officials at the six Slovak ministries between 2004 and 2014. During this period, the Slovak government was completely changed three times.
Knowledge Management in Public Administration. What Can Be Found in Research Outputs in the Czech Republic - Preliminary Findings

Knowledge Management in Public Administration. What Can Be Found in Research Outputs in the Czech Republic - Preliminary Findings
(Knowledge Management in Public Administration. What Can Be Found in Research Outputs in the Czech Republic - Preliminary Findings)

  • Author(s):David Špaček
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:94-101
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:knowledge management; public administration; public management;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper first introduces the topic of knowledge management in public administration. Its main focus is to summarize how it was approached in research in the Czech Republic. The research of which the preliminary results are presented is based on research outputs as recorded in the Czech information system for research, experimental development and innovations [the called "RIV"). The results indicate particularly the novelty of the topic as well as relatively high ICT-oriented approaches.
Does Negative News Create Tax Evaders? Evidence from a Tax Compliance Experiment

Does Negative News Create Tax Evaders? Evidence from a Tax Compliance Experiment
(Does Negative News Create Tax Evaders? Evidence from a Tax Compliance Experiment)

  • Author(s):Jiří Špalek, Otto Eibl, Zuzana Špačková, Jozef Zagrapan, Miloš Fišar
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Media studies, Government/Political systems, Evaluation research, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:102-110
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:experiment; tax; compliance; evasion; media; framing;
  • Summary/Abstract:Tax evasion is perceived as one of the main problems of public finance. People tend to avoid paying taxes if they do not recognise a return in the form of public goods provided by the state or local government. The rate of tax compliance might also be affected by external factors such as the media, which hold great power over public opinion. We conducted a laboratory experiment to study whether the framing of the effectiveness of state spending influenced the decision to pay taxes. Subjects read news headlines with information on how state institutions spend their budgets.
The Paradox of "Lost Engagement" in the Public Sector Theory

The Paradox of "Lost Engagement" in the Public Sector Theory
(The Paradox of "Lost Engagement" in the Public Sector Theory)

  • Author(s):Petr Wawrosz, Radim Valenčík
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Public Finances
  • Page Range:111-119
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:engagement of public sector theory; human and social capital; sector of productive services; transferred price;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper deals with the paradox of “lost engagement” in the public sector theory. Although we face in the present time many serious problems public sector theory does not to them pay appropriate attention. Even when some problems are reflected by theory, the reflection does not sufficiently affect real life or the reflection represents only sporadic attempts. The paper brings examples of the Czech scientific paper that are engaged, it means they try to analyze the serious problems in time of publishing the paper. Further we shortly discuss Czech and foreign books trying complexly analyze development of the world in the latest fifty years. Based on this we will outline what an engaged and comprehensive concept of the presence should include and why its important part should be a solution of principal issues of the public sector.
Usefulness of Tax Assignation for the Czech Tax System: The Direction of Debates on Introducing

Usefulness of Tax Assignation for the Czech Tax System: The Direction of Debates on Introducing
(Usefulness of Tax Assignation for the Czech Tax System: The Direction of Debates on Introducing)

  • Author(s):Vladimír Hyánek, Marie Hladká
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Political economy, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:122-130
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:gift; non-profit organization; tax assignation; tax designation scheme;
  • Summary/Abstract:The Czech Republic is the only country of the Visegrad Four that still does not apply the percentage tax designation scheme as one of the forms of financing of the non-profit sector. The mechanism has been discussed in the Czech Republic for years, however the idea has not been put to practice yet. A number of these discussions was approached as seeking a vision for the future while in other cases the discussions shifted to the political level or studies were drawn up on introducing the mechanism to the Czech legislation.The authors present the direction and development of debates on introducing percentage tax designation scheme in the Czech Republic, introduce arguments presented for and against the percentage tax designation scheme and estimate impact of the introduction in the Czech Republic.
Introducing Accrual Accounting in the Czech Local Governments: Challenges and Risks

Introducing Accrual Accounting in the Czech Local Governments: Challenges and Risks
(Introducing Accrual Accounting in the Czech Local Governments: Challenges and Risks)

  • Author(s):Filip Hrůza, Francesca Manes Rossi
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:131-138
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:local government; public sector accounting; financial management; accounting reform; accrual accounting;
  • Summary/Abstract:Within recent decades the new public financial management stream has brought different changes and innovations in the accounting systems of public entities globally. A trend towards the adoption of accrual accounting has been largely recognized between European countries, even in accordance with pressure exercised by the European Union, aimed at achieving comparable financial reporting. The Czech Republic has recently entered the group of countries with reformed public sector accounting [PSA) to make public finance system more realistic and accountable in accordance to EU accounting policy recommendations. Focusing on Czech local governments [CLG) the paper presents the identification of main points in mentioned implementation process in the Czech Republic and the analysis of perception and use of the related outcomes by CLG financial officers based on previous research.
The Impact of Unemployment on Public Budgets. The Czech Republic Case-study

The Impact of Unemployment on Public Budgets. The Czech Republic Case-study
(The Impact of Unemployment on Public Budgets. The Czech Republic Case-study)

  • Author(s):Robert Jahoda, Jana Godarová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Labor relations, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:139-147
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:unemployment; social policy; public expenditure; tax revenue; economic modeling;
  • Summary/Abstract:The unemployment is one of the factors which have a direct impact on the performance of the economy. Furthermore, there is a direct link between the unemployment rate and the government budgetary position; unemployed persons usually draw on social benefits and their tax payments to public budgets are lower. This paper aims to comprehensively assess the impact of unemployment on the condition of both the income and the spending side of public budgets. We based our quantification of the impact of unemployment on public budgets on earlier published studies.
Fully Merit-based and Closed Pay-as-you-go Pension System: Basis of Reforms

Fully Merit-based and Closed Pay-as-you-go Pension System: Basis of Reforms
(Fully Merit-based and Closed Pay-as-you-go Pension System: Basis of Reforms)

  • Author(s):Jana Kotěšovcová, Radim Valenčík
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Welfare systems, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:148-155
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:pension system; human capital; transferred price; productive services;
  • Summary/Abstract:A reform of social investment and social insurance system [especially financing of educational and health care services) necessarily requires a reform of the pension system so that this system should be fully merit-based, closed and with a single basic pension payment. This will make it possible to create a feedback among economic effects of the sectors that contribute to acquisition, retention and employment of the human capital [especially by providing educational and healthcare services) and sources of their funding. The fully merit-based pension system need not collide with meeting the principles of solidarity and simultaneously, it creates a highly motivating environment for all stakeholders [providers and users of services related to acquisition, retention and employment of the human capital).
Economic Context of the Czech Army Military Deployments and Export

Economic Context of the Czech Army Military Deployments and Export
(Economic Context of the Czech Army Military Deployments and Export)

  • Author(s):Miroslav Krč
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Economic policy, Military policy, Public Finances
  • Page Range:156-162
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:military spending; public economy; military deployments; export;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper analyzes the influences of the military deployment on the export and the consequences of military spending on the public sector. The theory of the state defence economy deals with the impact of military spendings on economic variables. Several studies have confirmed the positive effects of the military spending. Using the quantitative analysis the paper is trying to evaluate the economic impact of the military deployments on the export between 2002 and 2009. Statistical data were used to identify interdependencies between Czech army spendings on the military deployement and the size of the export to Iraq destination.
Fiscal Bills and Implementation Lags

Fiscal Bills and Implementation Lags
(Fiscal Bills and Implementation Lags)

  • Author(s):Daniel Němec, Hana Lipovská
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Government/Political systems, Political economy, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:163-170
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:fiscal discretion; fiscal procedure; government budget; implementation lags; Senate;
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to broaden our knowledge of the implementation lag and primarily to analyse the impact of bicameralism on it. For the aim of this research, an original dataset of fiscal discretionary bills and state budget bills was created. The dataset on the fiscal discretionary bills is based on the original list of discretionary government expenditures and revenues, which was compiled by the Czech National Bank. Our extended dataset covers 69 bills in total for the period 1994-2013. While standard implementation of fiscal discretionary measures takes 215 days, implementation without the Senate took only 143 days. The monocameral procedure used for the state budget bill takes just 103 days. For the aim of our research, we defined the original concept of fiscal procedure as a monocameral legislative process.
Modelling of Municipality Indebtedness Evaluation at Regional Level

Modelling of Municipality Indebtedness Evaluation at Regional Level
(Modelling of Municipality Indebtedness Evaluation at Regional Level)

  • Author(s):Pavel Petr, Romana PROVAZNÍKOVÁ, Jiří Křupka
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Government/Political systems, Political economy, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:171-178
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:data analysis; indicators of indebtedness; modelling; municipal debt; North-east Cohesion Region;
  • Summary/Abstract:The objective of this article is to evaluate and analyse municipal indebtedness of the Czech Republic [CR) municipalities [with the exclusion of the capital city Prague) from the point of view of their size - both for the entire CR for year 2013 and the NUTS2-Northeast [NUTS2-NE) region for the years 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Selected indicators have been used to evaluate municipal debt (MD). One of them is the “budget responsibility" indicator. This indicator will be compulsory for municipalities based on approving the CR constitution law. Another indicator is the share of debt in the total municipality assets. We have used a system approach for executing this analysis.
Who Has Had the Main Say in the Path of the Czech Pension Reform: Politicians, Experts - or Both?

Who Has Had the Main Say in the Path of the Czech Pension Reform: Politicians, Experts - or Both?
(Who Has Had the Main Say in the Path of the Czech Pension Reform: Politicians, Experts - or Both?)

  • Author(s):Martin Potůček, Veronika Rudolfova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Government/Political systems, Welfare systems, Political economy
  • Page Range:179-186
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:pension reform; the Czech Republic; Discursive Institutionalism; frame analysis; politicians, experts; communication;
  • Summary/Abstract:Although pension systems are among the most stable elements of social systems, even they evolve. In recent decades, dozens of countries have joined in by enacting minor adjustments or significant reforms. Politicians as well as invited experts have been paying close attention to the topic. In this paper, we analyze the framework of the spirit and content of the discourse of the Czech pension reform between 2004 and 2014 with the aid of discursive institutionalism theory and methods of framing analysis.
Provisional Budgets and Budget Accuracy in Czech Towns

Provisional Budgets and Budget Accuracy in Czech Towns
(Provisional Budgets and Budget Accuracy in Czech Towns)

  • Author(s):Lucie SEDMIHRADSKÁ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Economic policy, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:187-192
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:budget accuracy; provisional budget; local government; rebudgeting;
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the paper is to explore the frequency of the provisional budgets and the influence of the time of budget approval on budget accuracy in Czech towns with more than ten thousand inhabitants between 2010 and 2014. The difference of means test [t-test) is used for the analysis. Provisional budgets are quite common in Czech towns, on average 28% towns used provisional budget between 2010 and 2015. Its usage is higher in the postelection years, especially 2011. The time of budget approval does not influence the accuracy of any type of budget revenues, however it has, with exception of 2012, positive impact of the accuracy of current expenditure. Its accuracy is higher in towns which approved their budgets later, i.e. in the course of the current fiscal year.
Policy Case Study: Impact of the Policy Changes on the Housing Loan Market

Policy Case Study: Impact of the Policy Changes on the Housing Loan Market
(Policy Case Study: Impact of the Policy Changes on the Housing Loan Market)

  • Author(s):Emília Sičáková-Beblavá, Miroslav Beblavý
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Economic policy, Evaluation research, Financial Markets
  • Page Range:193-200
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:bank; consumer; interest rates; policy changes;
  • Summary/Abstract:The article analyses the impact of the state regulation on a housing loan market in Slovakia in the period of 2010 till 2015. This issue is explored by the case study that enables a holistic view of the influence of three factors [policies) in one area and comparing the situation prior to and after the policy changes.
Method of Non-weighted Average Absolute Deviation in Context of Income Inequality. Case Study of the Czech Republic

Method of Non-weighted Average Absolute Deviation in Context of Income Inequality. Case Study of the Czech Republic
(Method of Non-weighted Average Absolute Deviation in Context of Income Inequality. Case Study of the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Kamila Turečková
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Methodology and research technology, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:201-206
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:income inequality; method of non-weighted average absolute deviation;
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim of this present paper is to introduce the alternative new method to express and measure income inequality in the society and in the economy. There is presented use of the method of non-weighted average absolute deviation for expressing and comparing income inequality in case of Czech Republic in years 2005-2013. The result of measuring of income inequality usingh method of non weighted average absolute deviation is, in practical part of article, compared to 3 other, well-known traditional indicators - Gini coefficient, Robin Hood Index and S80/S20 Ratio in order to highlight compatibility between all these methods to measure income inequality.
Pension Sharing

Pension Sharing
(Pension Sharing)

  • Author(s):Jaroslav Vostatek
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Gender Studies, Welfare systems, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:207-214
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:old-age pensions; widow pensions; gender gap; pension rights for divorcees; pension sharing;
  • Summary/Abstract:A proposal to introduce sharing of assessment base by spouses in the Czech social pension insurance is confronted with the pension theory and policy. The proposed “joint social insurance" should arise automatically, with the option of cancellation based on an agreement. The case has primarily confirmed the need to respect the basic concept of public pensions in the given country. The concept of pensions as entitlements of individuals, and not families, is in conflict with the mentioned proposal which cannot be overcome in the conditions of the complicated defined benefit system. After a potential transition to a notional defined contribution system the sharing of pensions would be feasible - but not necessary.
Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Russia: Public Expenses - Are They Effective?

Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Russia: Public Expenses - Are They Effective?
(Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Russia: Public Expenses - Are They Effective?)

  • Author(s):Nadezhda Yashina, Maria Ginzburg, Olga Emelyanova, Ilya Litovsky
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Public Finances
  • Page Range:215-222
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:SME; SME development; public expenses; public fnance, financial standing; public finance management;
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explore the following issue: are public expenditures on support and development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia effective? Within the framework of this study, the authors tested the following hypothesis: [1) the level of development of small and mediumsized enterprises in the regions of Russia depends on the level of State support for SMEs and [2) the level of development of SMEs in the federal subject of the Russian Federation depends to a higher degree on the level of the financial status of the federal subject, rather than on State expenditures to support SMEs in this federal subject.
Tax Evasion Views - European Values Study Results

Tax Evasion Views - European Values Study Results
(Tax Evasion Views - European Values Study Results)

  • Author(s):Hana Zídková, Jana Tepperová, Karel Helman
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Comparative politics, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:223-230
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:tax evasion; shadow economy; European Values Study; cash payment;
  • Summary/Abstract:Tax morale and compliance are currently high on the developed countries’ governmental agenda. Tax policymakers search for ways to prevent tax evasion. Tax collection and inclinations towards tax evasion are related not only to taxation system features, but also to institutional and social factors, such as citizens’ beliefs and values. We use the European Value Study survey and compare particular countries by their citizens’ willingness to justify cheating on taxes and paying in cash to avoid taxation. The responses to the questions are scaled from 1 to 10, where 1 represents zero tolerance for tax evasion or paying cash, thus enabling it.
The Level of Education in Regions of the Czech Republic according to Census Results

The Level of Education in Regions of the Czech Republic according to Census Results
(The Level of Education in Regions of the Czech Republic according to Census Results)

  • Author(s):Tomáš Fiala, Jitka Langhamrová, Jana Langhamrova, Kornélia Csefalvaiová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Education, Demography and human biology, Socio-Economic Research, Sociology of Education
  • Page Range:232-239
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:age structure; census; education; Czech Republic;
  • Summary/Abstract:Level of education has a significant impact in assessing the cultural level and quality of human capital in the region regarding to age, gender and educational level for the whole population. The paper presents changes of education level of population in the period 1991-2011 and interregional differences based on the census data of Czech population. The development of unemployment rate and average age of population in each education category is also mentioned. Significantly different from other regions is Prague having the oldest population, the highest education level and at the same time the lowest unemployment rate.
Determinants of Hospital Efficiency in the Czech Republic

Determinants of Hospital Efficiency in the Czech Republic
(Determinants of Hospital Efficiency in the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Eva Gajdošová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Evaluation research, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today), Tourism
  • Page Range:240-247
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:efficiency; hospital; DEA;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper deals with factors affecting hospital technical efficiency in the Czech Republic between the years 2008 and 2013, namely the existence of differences in average efficiency rate in the distribution according to the type, number of beds and location [Czech regions) of hospitals. Technical efficiency is analysed by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA) method.
Participatory Budgeting as an Innovation in Local Public Services Delivery: The Slovak Case

Participatory Budgeting as an Innovation in Local Public Services Delivery: The Slovak Case
(Participatory Budgeting as an Innovation in Local Public Services Delivery: The Slovak Case)

  • Author(s):Lydia GONDÁŠOVÁ, Mária Murray Svidroňová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Economic policy, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
  • Page Range:248-256
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:public services delivery; innovation; participatory budgeting; citizen involvement;
  • Summary/Abstract:The marketization of public services brings among other objectives also an increase in public expenditure efficiency, improvements in public services quality and co-creation in public services provision. In this article we analyze participatory budgeting that can be perceived as an innovative tool for an effective management of public services delivery. Participatory budgeting enables better allocation of public sources according to citizen's needs. By involving the citizens in decision making concerning the local government's spending, the participatory budgeting also enables co-creation of the public services and helps to increase the quality of public services.
Approaches to the Assessment of Research and Development in EU Countries

Approaches to the Assessment of Research and Development in EU Countries
(Approaches to the Assessment of Research and Development in EU Countries)

  • Author(s):Martina Halásková, Pavel Bednář
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Methodology and research technology, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
  • Page Range:257-265
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:assessment; indicators; publications; research and development; researchers;
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper deals with approaches to the assessment of Research and Development [R&D) in the countries of the European Union. Results of the research introduce the assessment of R&D in the EU [27) countries, on the basis of the indicator of R&D results [the number of publications in R&D per 1,000 inhabitants, and the number of publications per FTE researcher from the government and the higher education sector), and the indicator of human resources in R&D [research in the public sector per 1,000 active persons) in 2012, using cluster analysis and correlation analysis.
Communication Media in the Aspect of Competitive Intelligence of Selected University - Research of Pardubice University

Communication Media in the Aspect of Competitive Intelligence of Selected University - Research of Pardubice University
(Communication Media in the Aspect of Competitive Intelligence of Selected University - Research of Pardubice University)

  • Author(s):Kateřina Kantorová, Jan Panuš, Hana JONÁŠOVÁ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Communication studies, Higher Education , ICT Information and Communications Technologies
  • Page Range:266-274
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:marketing; competitive intelligence; university;
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper is focused on the analysis of communication methods, with the aim to utilize the rate of individual communication media of selected stakeholder groups [applicants of researched University). The constituent part of this article is an example of benchmarking of the most frequent communication tools, websites and social networks. The major source is based on individual phases of a processing cycle, such as management of data collection, processing, and data analysis. The aim is to simplify University fast orientation in rapidly growing marketing communication and stabilize the competitive position. Data is taken from a questionnaire among students.
Region to Region Comparison of Selected Social Services for Senior Citizens

Region to Region Comparison of Selected Social Services for Senior Citizens
(Region to Region Comparison of Selected Social Services for Senior Citizens)

  • Author(s):Miloslava Kašparova, Jiří Křupka, Pavel Jirava
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Welfare systems, Comparative politics, Evaluation research, Demography and human biology
  • Page Range:275-283
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:social services; senior; population ageing; data analysis; regional comparisons;
  • Summary/Abstract:This contribution deals with the topic of certain social services provided on the level of and by the Czech Republic [CR) administrative regions. This contribution is focused senior citizens [elderly) target group. The objective of a background study executed for the purpose of this contribution was to identify how social services for this target group had developed with time. The objective is also to show what the midterm tendencies in this services sector in connection with democratic developments towards population ageing are. Relevant data was acquired from Regional information service [RIS) and from the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the CR [MPSV CR).
Internal Quality Assurance Practices in Czech Public Higher Education

Internal Quality Assurance Practices in Czech Public Higher Education
(Internal Quality Assurance Practices in Czech Public Higher Education)

  • Author(s):Daria KUCHAŘOVÁ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Higher Education , Evaluation research
  • Page Range:284-292
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:internal quality assurance; quality measurement instruments; quality management; higher education;
  • Summary/Abstract:The environment in which higher education institutions (HEIs) are operating has dramatically changed. Wider access to HE and new ways of government funding, has put pressure on accountability of HEIs. Increased competition and international mobility of students and staff has raised expectations about quality. As a result, delivering a high quality service has become an important strategic goal for the many HEIs, so they are forced to introduce internal mechanisms to manage quality. In order to effectively manage quality, it is important to be able to accurately measure it.
Expected Level of State, Entrepreneurship and Individual Responsibility for Improving Quality of Life

Expected Level of State, Entrepreneurship and Individual Responsibility for Improving Quality of Life
(Expected Level of State, Entrepreneurship and Individual Responsibility for Improving Quality of Life)

  • Author(s):Peter Madzík, Milan Droppa, Alena Daňková, Adriana Grigerová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Methodology and research technology
  • Page Range:293-301
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:quality of life; state responsibility; entrepreneurship responsibility; individual responsibility; Kano model;
  • Summary/Abstract:This article presents an approach to the analysis of selected attributes of quality of life [QoL), based on the Kano model. The aim of the article is to empirically examine the importance of these attributes for an individual. A group of 17 most mentioned and systematically measured attributes of quality of life were defined by literature review and data from international databases. The importance of these attributes and their impact on the satisfaction of individuals were subsequently examined using the Kano model methodology [which is based on questionnaires) and supporting statistical tools. The results were then interpreted and generalized by categorizing particular attributes into three main categories: Must-be, One-dimensional and Attractive.
Appropriateness of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Water Management: A Comparison of Cost Evaluations in Small and Large Catchment Areas

Appropriateness of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Water Management: A Comparison of Cost Evaluations in Small and Large Catchment Areas
(Appropriateness of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Water Management: A Comparison of Cost Evaluations in Small and Large Catchment Areas)

  • Author(s):Jan MACHÁČ, Lenka Slavíková
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:302-309
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:cost-effectiveness analysis; water management; Water Framework Directive; good status; disproportionality of the costs;
  • Summary/Abstract:The growing demand for clean water has led to the adoption of the EU Water Framework Directive [Directive 2000/60 EC; WFD). The new legislation has had a major impact on water management and national economies and instituted numerous requirements, including “good status” of all water bodies by 2015. However, achieving “good status” is associated with large investments, often beyond the capabilities of polluters. In justified cases, member states may request an extension of the deadline based on disproportionality of the costs of meeting the WFD requirements.
Performance Evaluation of the Czech Urban Public Transport Companies

Performance Evaluation of the Czech Urban Public Transport Companies
(Performance Evaluation of the Czech Urban Public Transport Companies)

  • Author(s):Markéta Matulová, Hana FITZOVÁ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Evaluation research, Transport / Logistics
  • Page Range:310-318
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:public transport; efficiency; network DEA; the Czech Republic;
  • Summary/Abstract:Environmental issues, decreasing reserves of oil, and growing population in larger cities are the main reasons for developing efficiency benchmarking measurement models of public transport systems. The objective of this paper is to analyze technical efficiency and service effectiveness of public transport systems in 19 cities in the Czech Republic. In order to evaluate the overall performance, network Data Envelopment Analysis [DEA) was employed. Two inputs [number of employees and costs), two intermediate measures [vehicle kilometers and seat kilometers) and two outputs [number of passengers and sales) were used.
Funding System of Higher Professional Education in Belgium, Netherlands and Austria

Funding System of Higher Professional Education in Belgium, Netherlands and Austria
(Funding System of Higher Professional Education in Belgium, Netherlands and Austria)

  • Author(s):Petr Mulač, Martina KUNCOVÁ
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Higher Education , State/Government and Education, Public Finances
  • Page Range:319-327
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:higher professional institutions; public funding; private expenditure; formula funding models; Tuition fees; student support systems;
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper provides a framework for understanding the structure of funding systems for professional higher institutions in selected countries in Europe - in Belgium [Flanders), the Netherlands and Austria. It also delivers a short comparative analysis of their structure, funding sources, student tuition fees and student support systems. Nearly all selected countries already implemented formula funding models for education but offer quite different approaches.
Bribes, Tips and Gifts: Informal Payments in Healthcare. Similarities and Differences

Bribes, Tips and Gifts: Informal Payments in Healthcare. Similarities and Differences
(Bribes, Tips and Gifts: Informal Payments in Healthcare. Similarities and Differences)

  • Author(s):Roman Mužik
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Evaluation research, Health and medicine and law, Corruption - Transparency - Anti-Corruption
  • Page Range:328-335
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:informal payments; healthcare; bribes; tips; gifts;
  • Summary/Abstract:The nature of informal payments is not straightforward. The aim of this article is to create a framework that would be helpful in distinguishing informal payments among themselves and from formal payments and corruption. Based on the literature review with combination of content analyses on informal payments we have created 10 indicators by which a comprehensive framework was created. Framework presents similarities and differences among payments. We found out that in 4 of the 10 indicators all payments are different among themselves.
Social Innovation Types in Consumer Protection in Alternative Financial Services after the Great Recession

Social Innovation Types in Consumer Protection in Alternative Financial Services after the Great Recession
(Social Innovation Types in Consumer Protection in Alternative Financial Services after the Great Recession)

  • Author(s):Jiří Navrátil, KLÁRA Placier
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Political economy, Financial Markets, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:336-343
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:social innovation; non-profit organization; consumer protection; alternative financial services;
  • Summary/Abstract:The impact of the Great Recession on many aspects of our societies, politics and economies has become a frequent theme of research; however, there are still many empty spaces left for the study of economically and politically relevant issues. One of these has been the consequences of recent economic crisis for the social innovation patterns of the field of Consumer Protection in Alternative Financial Services (CPAFS). There are several reasons for this focus. First, the field of Alternative Financial Services (AFS) has recently become one of the quickly developing areas of economic life and existing studies suggest that it was the recession which sped up the transformations and innovations in the field. At the same time, the crisis has had a large socio-economic impact on societies and citizens.
Comparison of Health Care Policy among Czech Regions during 2000-2015

Comparison of Health Care Policy among Czech Regions during 2000-2015
(Comparison of Health Care Policy among Czech Regions during 2000-2015)

  • Author(s):Marek Pavlík
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Comparative politics, Health and medicine and law
  • Page Range:344-351
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:health care policy; regions; strategic documents; officers;
  • Summary/Abstract:Health policy is a broad spectrum of activities across many resorts and involves many actors at different level of government. The health policy at the state level is often analyzed, broadly discussed and compared with other countries. However the regional level seems to be more hidden and considered as less important although regions have many powers due to self-government principles and may affect the state health policy.
Valuation of Externalities Related to Investment Projects in Agriculture

Valuation of Externalities Related to Investment Projects in Agriculture
(Valuation of Externalities Related to Investment Projects in Agriculture)

  • Author(s):Marie Pechrová
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Agriculture, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:352-360
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Cost Benefit Analysis; investment project; valuation of externality;
  • Summary/Abstract:Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic provides subsidies for investment projects of agricultural holdings mainly through Rural Development Programme of the Czech Republic for years 2014-2020. As the finances are public the projects for funding should be selected knowing their social costs and benefits, and hence efficiency and feasibility. For this purpose Costs Benefit Analysis (CBA) is recommended. The projects financed from RDP had not been selected based on CBA before. There is a need to evaluate the externalities related to the projects and establish their prices which will be used when the farmer prepares application for subsidy. The aim of the article is to prepare the methodological field for the valuation of externalities.
Fight against NGO Inefficiency: The Use of Financial and Impact Management Tools in the Czech Republic

Fight against NGO Inefficiency: The Use of Financial and Impact Management Tools in the Czech Republic
(Fight against NGO Inefficiency: The Use of Financial and Impact Management Tools in the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Jakub Pejcal, Marek Vyskočil
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Public Finances
  • Page Range:361-368
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:non-profit sector; management; impact assessment; social impact;
  • Summary/Abstract:Impact management uses tools that should help to make the activities of organizations more efficient. The main interest in impact management is in the public sector because it involves a great amount of public money. The principles of impact management can also be important in the nongovernmental nonprofit sector because of the absence of a profit mechanism, nonprofit goals, and public goods, and the presence of public money in form of grants. This paper was inspired by the German study "Wirkungsorientierte Steuerung in Non-Profit-Organisationen” and is intended to offer similar insights into the practices of nongovernmental nonprofit organizations [NGOs) in the Czech Republic.
Nursing Care in Social Services Facilities

Nursing Care in Social Services Facilities
(Nursing Care in Social Services Facilities)

  • Author(s):Ladislav Průša, Jana Langhamrova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Evaluation research, Health and medicine and law
  • Page Range:369-374
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:nursing care; social services; old people’s home; home with a special regime; home for the handicapped;
  • Summary/Abstract:One of the most topical issues in the provision of social services is the question of funding of nursing care that is provided to users in the institutions with residential social services. The goal of this article is to provide an objective information basis for bilaterally effective changes in the system of providing healthcare and social services. The current setup of basic mechanisms of organizing, providing and financing healthcare and social services in residential social services facilities does not provide the necessary “mirror.” Data for this paper was obtained in the survey of 10 institutions with residential social service that was carried out in the year 2014-2015. Relations between relevant variables were verified by using selected statistical methods.
Can Demographic Characteristics Explain Intermunicipal Differences in Production of Municipal Waste?

Can Demographic Characteristics Explain Intermunicipal Differences in Production of Municipal Waste?
(Can Demographic Characteristics Explain Intermunicipal Differences in Production of Municipal Waste?)

  • Author(s):KRISTÝNA RYBOVÁ, Jan Slavík
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Politics and society, Demography and human biology
  • Page Range:375-382
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:municipal solid waste; demographic change; influencing factors; regression;
  • Summary/Abstract:Ongoing demographic changes have been influencing many aspects of society and its functioning, infrastructure including waste management is not any exception. This paper aims at quantifying how demographic variables influence the municipal waste generation in the Czech Republic. For this purpose similar variables as in studies from abroad are constructed and reviewed methods are applied on the data for municipalities from the Czech Republic in year 2011. 8 indicators for 5 887 municipalities were investigated. For the analysis correlation and multidimensional linear regression were used.
Atmospherics Measurement: The Ways to Make Public Goods Available

Atmospherics Measurement: The Ways to Make Public Goods Available
(Atmospherics Measurement: The Ways to Make Public Goods Available)

  • Author(s):Ekaterina Shishova, Ksenia Kuzmina
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Museology & Heritage Studies, Evaluation research, Sociology of Culture, Tourism
  • Page Range:383-388
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:atmospherics; visitor experience; cultural heritage; museum; public sector;
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of atmospherics to the public sector research. Since museums as cultural institutions preserve the cultural heritage and take care of socially and culturally significant public goods, they should also guarantee the accessibility to cultural objects for different social groups and provide them sufficient information about preserved cultural objects. Although museums nowadays find themselves in the situation of governmental funding reduction, their main objectives along with preservation of cultural objects, security issues, and accessibility should be focused on development of such museum services as structured itineraries, saturated with information maps, improvement of public service areas in park and museum complexes.
Free Public Transport: The City of Žilina

Free Public Transport: The City of Žilina
(Free Public Transport: The City of Žilina)

  • Author(s):Matúš Sloboda
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Transport / Logistics
  • Page Range:389-397
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:public transport; fare free; Slovakia; Tallinn;
  • Summary/Abstract:Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia, is shining example of innovative and progressive city. Especially in one particular policy - free public transport. Fare free public transport became very articulated policy just before local election 2014 in several Slovak cities. Many politicians, inspired by Tallinn, had free public transport policy as the major point of their political agenda. This article is devoted to free public transport policy in Slovak city Žilina. It analyses presentation of the policy in the city and perception of the policy by the politicians who advocate proposal and implantation plan.
Intermunicipal Cooperation and Local Cost Efficiency: The Case of Waste Management Services in the Czech Republic

Intermunicipal Cooperation and Local Cost Efficiency: The Case of Waste Management Services in the Czech Republic
(Intermunicipal Cooperation and Local Cost Efficiency: The Case of Waste Management Services in the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Jana Soukopová, Daniel Klimovský
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Comparative politics
  • Page Range:398-405
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:municipalities; waste management; intermunicipal cooperation; efficiency; the Czech Republic;
  • Summary/Abstract:The analysis presented here follows the theme of intermunicipal cooperation and constitutes a systematic test of impact of intermunicipal cooperation in the Czech Republic. Our empirical analysis used linked open data and data from the survey of Czech municipalities to examine the dynamics of intermunicipal cooperation in the market of solid waste, which is one of the most relevant local services.
Implementation of Quality Principles for Public Services Providing

Implementation of Quality Principles for Public Services Providing
(Implementation of Quality Principles for Public Services Providing)

  • Author(s):Stanislava ŠIMONOVÁ, Jakub Novák
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Public Administration, Evaluation research
  • Page Range:406-414
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:public administration; public services; quality management; quality principles;
  • Summary/Abstract:Increasing the quality of production belongs to management goals of every company, be it quality of products or services. Higher quality of production is reflected in e.g. obtaining competitive advantage on the market or as effective area administration, returning customer or a citizen satisfied with public administration services etc. Management therefore strives for higher quality and resulting financial as well as non-financial profitability. The request for quality improvement is a part of defined standards, complex methods and tools for quality management.
The Association between Land Take by New Development and Land Fertility: Are Environmental Charges Effective?

The Association between Land Take by New Development and Land Fertility: Are Environmental Charges Effective?
(The Association between Land Take by New Development and Land Fertility: Are Environmental Charges Effective?)

  • Author(s):Eliška Vejchodská
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Agriculture, Environmental and Energy policy, Environmental interactions
  • Page Range:415-422
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:land take; land fertility; environmental charges;
  • Summary/Abstract:One of the negative effects of sprawl is land take by new development and interconnected decrease of available agricultural land, eventually forest land. An even more serious problem is the loss of precious agricultural land with high level of fertility. The aim of the paper is to assess, if the charge for the conversion of agricultural land has a statistically observable impact on the decision-making of investors in terms of the location of new development according to its agricultural potential.
Development of Number of Physicians and Beds in Basic Medical Branches of Acute Bed Care in the Czech Republic

Development of Number of Physicians and Beds in Basic Medical Branches of Acute Bed Care in the Czech Republic
(Development of Number of Physicians and Beds in Basic Medical Branches of Acute Bed Care in the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Iveta Vrabková, Ivana Vaňková
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Evaluation research, Health and medicine and law
  • Page Range:423-431
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:acute bed care; basic medical branches; free disposal hull model; correlation coefficient;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper compares the state of the technical efficiency of acute bed care in basic medical branches - the internal medicine, surgery, gynaecology and paediatrics for 2003 and 2013 by individual regions of the Czech Republic. The development of the technical efficiency is tested by means of the input-oriented Free Disposal Hull model (FDH). Three models were tested (M(2003), M(2013), M(hypothetical)) and they are based on the same input and output variables. There were chosen two input variables, namely the number of beds and number of physicians. The output variable was the number of hospitalized patients in basic medical branches in the regions of the Czech Republic.
Blank Spots in Social Business Activities. Case Study at the Local Level

Blank Spots in Social Business Activities. Case Study at the Local Level
(Blank Spots in Social Business Activities. Case Study at the Local Level)

  • Author(s):Mirka Wildmannova
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Public Administration
  • Page Range:432-440
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:social economy; social entrepreneurship; grant policy; public administration; disadvantaged people;
  • Summary/Abstract:Social entrepreneurship is characterised by a high degree of creativity and innovation, not only in technical terms but also in relation to management-social aspects. Social entrepreneurship is a relatively young sector which is not legally addressed in the Czech Republic. Its development dates back to the 19th century but its main development comes in the second half of the 20th century. The objective of this paper is to assess the current issues faced by social businesses - at the local level- in the city of Brno. The main research question is to identify blank spots in social entrepreneurship. To assess the specific problems of the social entrepreneurship, the method of qualitative survey in selected social businesses has been selected. At the same time, we have carried out an analysis of the cooperation between public administration and social businesses in selected cities.
Patent Activity Analysis of Czech Universities at the Industrial Property Office of the Czech Republic

Patent Activity Analysis of Czech Universities at the Industrial Property Office of the Czech Republic
(Patent Activity Analysis of Czech Universities at the Industrial Property Office of the Czech Republic)

  • Author(s):Petr Zdřálek, RŮŽENA ŠTEMBERKOVÁ, Pavla MATULOVÁ, Petra MAREŠOVÁ, Kamil Kuča
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Higher Education
  • Page Range:441-449
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:university patents; patenting activity analysis; leading technology overview; impact of patents; significant patent information;
  • Summary/Abstract:Universities contribute to economic growth not only through teaching and research, but through engagement and collaborations with industry and other off campus entities. One way of measuring the economic effects of these activities is to examine patent data. Recent years have seen an increased use of patent metrics to evaluate innovation and research performance. Patent documents and patent data generally have several advantages as technology indicator, whereas they are accessible in electronic formats. These data provide details of inventions resulting from university research and collaboration. Sophisticated analysis enables us to examine these documents and track technological knowledge.
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