CEEOL - Browse Subjects Result

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Предизвикателствата пред управлението на ликвидността на съвременната банка

Author(s): Darina Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

A stable and well-managed banking system is a key factor for the sustainable economic development of any country. Traditionally, the banks’ stability is associated with their solvency, but effective liquidity management is what determines which bank will remain in the business and for how long. This study outlines the classic challenges to liquidity risk management in the banking system and tracks the evolution in the approaches and strategies used. The new challenges for the banks generated by the dynamic development of monetary relations on a global scale are also explored. Their resolution is likely to lead to industry restructuring, changes in the business models followed and the services provided.

More...

Ролята на преките чуждестранни инвестиции за ускоряване на икономическото развитие на България

Author(s): Mehmed Rasim / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

One of the biggest challenges in developing countries is the lack of accumulated capital that should provide the necessary investments for economic growth. Developing countries are increasingly implementing FDI-oriented policies to improve their international competitiveness and secure capital for economic development.

More...

Управление на качеството на външния одит в публичния сектор – нов МСВОИ 140

Author(s): Toma Donchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Quality management of audit directly affects the achievement of the objectives of the audit and of the Supreme Audit Institutions. The internationally accepted basis for quality management is ISSAI 140, adopted by INTOSAI, which was the subject of a comprehensive change that ended in 2023 and effective date to enter into force is 1.1.2025. The main change related to audit quality is adopted risk-based quality management approach compared to the prescriptive quality control approach until now. This report aims to present the main requirements and specifics of the risk-based approach to external audit quality management in the public sector.

More...

Възможности и проблеми пред сближаването на международните стандарти за финансово отчитане и общоприетите счетоводни принципи на САЩ

Author(s): Lilyana Dzhoneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The ongoing discussion around the convergence of IFRS and US GAAP highlights the potential for financial reporting change in internationally. Such convergence would result in a single accounting language that would benefit international investors and transnational corporations. Central to this discussion are specific topics, including revenue recognition, leasing contracts, financial instruments, intangible assets, inventories and research and development expenditure. By addressing these more fundamental differences and promoting harmonization, businesses can expect greater clarity in financial reporting, improved comparability and an increase in the confidence of investors.

More...

Зеленият (ESG) маркетинг, необходимост от трансформации на търговските банки

Author(s): Vania Krusteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Climate change has posed new challenges for central banks, regulators and supervisors. As a result, environmental, social and governance standards are becoming increasingly key to the reputation of banks. In the growing environment of challenges facing commercial banks – digitalisation, new competitors, variable interest rates, regulation and more – it is unacceptable to downplay environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues when it comes to the need for largescale transformation. Until recently, ESG departments existed as divisions that were not deeply connected to the bank's overall strategy, customer and product offerings, or incentive schemes. The reasons for embedding ESG standards and practices in all functions stem from a broader transformation project and to involve everyone from the senior executives (C-suite) to the local bank branch. ESG is a central driver for the radical, end-to-end transformation required of European banks and an important key challenge they need to address alongside credit, costs, consolidation and technology. ESG is positioned as the new litmus of good banking practice based on three converging trends. The first is climate change and the need to finance the decarbonisation of economic activities, which promises to open up new areas of activity for banks. The second is reputational, where banks and businesses that fail to meet their ESG commitments risk being accused of greenwashing. The third is regulation that will require banks to measure and disclose ESG risks in their loan portfolios and other banking activities, as well as the impact of their activities across a wider range of environmental, social and governance considerations. As a consequence of these reasons, ESG standards are expected to be crucial for the reputation of banks. In the coming years, banks that have a lead in this process will be more competitive and will gain reputational advantages over their competitors. Green (ESG) marketing and digital transformation are two important trends in the commercial banking sector that reflect the growing emphasis on sustainability, environmental responsibility and the adoption of digital technologies. Let's explore how these two aspects intersect: This article presents the reasons, nature, benefits and possible downsides of the impact of green marketing on financial institutions, as well as the importance of the digital transition and ESG standards for the well-being of the economy's foundational sector.

More...

Инфлацията е по-твърда от Централните Банки

Author(s): Myuzeyam Shyukryu / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Are we aware of how much the rate of fluctuation in the world economy has changed compared to the previous century? While countries that appear to be powerful countries and superpowers in the world (such as USA, Japan, EU countries) are rapidly moving towards crisis and stagnation, on the other hand, countries in the category of “developing countries” (Brazil, India, Russia, South Korea ), which have been ignored until now, are experiencing growth and these same countries have begun to come to the fore by rapidly increasing their development potential. They began to have a say in the world arena and become an effective force.

More...

Income Taxation in Bulgaria: 10 Years after Flat Tax: To Keep or to Move to Progressive Taxation

Author(s): Presiana Ilieva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

One of the main objectives of fiscal policy is conducting optimal income taxation, because it has a central role in achievement of social justice and welfare. Income taxation influences the levels of employment and investment or affect the choices of individuals concerning their productivity at work. In the paper are presented the main theoretical models for income taxation. Crucial for income taxation policies is also tax calculation. Following the Criterion of Haig and Simons in tax estimation should be included all sources of income or so-called income from economic use of production factors, minus costs incurred for their acquisition. The tax liability is calculated as multiplication of tax income and tax rate. For determining tax rate some important moments must be considered, depending also on the taxation model conducted, amounts and tax group boundaries, the non-taxable minimum, the margin, upper tax rate, the public attitudes, the total tax amount to collect as budget revenues. From 2008, according to Personal Income Tax Law taxation system in Bulgaria has been introduced proportional taxation with 10% tax rate. The main objective of flat income taxation in Bulgaria is to help reduce the share of the informal (shadow) economy, leading to increase in tax revenues. At the paper are analyzed four main aspects of taxation influence to the whole economy: inequalities; revenues from direct taxes; the shadow economy and the investment activity. Implementing proportional taxation in Bulgaria had many objectives to achieve. Experts analyses in details the results from taxation in economic life. They suggest new models, which could work more efficiently in Bulgaria. The responsible politicians however are more influenced by lobbies and do not consider future taxation reforms.

More...

Banking Products and Bank Risk Management of the World Bank

Author(s): Valeri Konicheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the World Bank Group, which comprises the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), International Finance Corporation (IFC), Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). It includes details on the group's structure, locations, and a brief history. The World Bank offers a diverse range of financial products, including loans, risk management services, credit enhancement, disaster risk management insurance, contingent financing, and advisory services. The bank is exposed to several types of risks, including operational, and corporate risks, and financial risks. The bank is also exposed to risky events such as fraud, noncompliance, and losses. The World Bank Treasury manages the bank's activities and is responsible for Treasury Risk, Compliance, and Controls (TRERC). The World Bank is focusing on promoting sustainable development by addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality, such as lack of access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities. By addressing these underlying factors, the bank aims to promote long-term resilience to risks and create sustainable and inclusive growth.

More...

Navigating the Digital Frontier: Banking Innovation, Sustainable Finance, and ESG Investing in Bulgaria

Author(s): Margarita Gyurova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The world we live in is rapidly evolving and the financial landscape is changing as a result of that. The aim of this project paper is to explore the dynamic interaction between banking innovation, digital transformation, and sustainable finance within Bulgaria’s financial sector. It also analyzes the digitalization of the Bulgarian banking sector, the rapidly-developing role of technologies, as well as the introduction of AI in banking. The influence of business intelligence (BI) is examined, as well as the trends related to the blockchain technologies, newly developed banking operations, customer experience and their effect on the financial sector. The second part of the project presents the successful approaches associated with sustainable finance, highlighting the significance of integrating Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) regulations into investment strategies made by the banking institutions all over the country within this framework.

More...

Предприемачество чрез изкуства и български фолклор

Author(s): Slavina Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Bulgarian folklore is vast, colorful and unique. Folk arts are beautiful, interesting, intriguing and melodious, this makes them a ground for creating an enterprise developing performing arts. Entrepreneurs developing similar businesses contribute to the preservation, enrichment and popularization of traditions and culture, part of the life and lifestyle of Bulgarians for millennia. At its most basic, the creative sector consists of those industries that rely on human creativity to generate wealth. The leader is the main driver and generator of a product, a vision in the future to achieve positive results. Intelligence and knowledge in a given field of art, as well as the creator's idea of a creative work, make him an innovator. This is a prerequisite for creating a new intellectual product, and hard work leads to the realization of this product. The experience and vision of the author are an important part of the necessary qualities to be able to present to the audience his point of view in the vast ocean called folklore. Every creative entrepreneur must have his own personal skills to develop, improve and manage his business correctly and willingly. Personal skills should include knowledge and skills to act in the creative industry that he is targeting, have leadership skills, knowledge of negotiation, which leads to being in contact with the team and the people with whom it is necessary to negotiate to reach its ultimate goal. Ensemble „Bulgare“ is a successful creative project that has become an emblem of Bulgarian folklore. It is distinguished by uniqueness and its own appearance. An example of an institution with very good management, self supporting, showing the creativity and flexibility of Hristo Dimitrov - entrepreneur and producer.

More...

Research Innovations in Post COVID Environments

Author(s): Sivaram Vemuri / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The presentation examines what it takes to transform the research process to find innovative solutions for sustainable living in post-Covid 19 environments. The concern of this presentation is that current research inadequately addresses the multidimensionality of both individual and society's concerns in a post COVID environment. The presentation is an answer to why research thus far has not provided adequate responses to society's challenges for simultaneously delivering health, well being, and economic prosperity at the individual and society levels. The researcher's challenge is to provide a way forward to deliver simultaneously of quality of sustainable living related to individual concern for healthy living and for providing broadly defined social welfare. The three-part presentation comprises (1) identifying the need for transforming the research process, (2) Advocating the use of the Systemic Innovation Capability model for determining the importance of strategic intent and need for leadership to deliver a shift in the research process, and (3) the changes required for transforming the university research processes. The presentation will conclude by advocating for developing initiatives for promoting a research culture for promoting sustainable growth mindsets amongst researchers.

More...

Прилагане на счетоводните стандарти за данъчно облагане

Author(s): Ali Veysel / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report examines the application of accounting standards for taxation in Bulgaria. It analyzes the need for accounting information for determining tax rights and obligations. Emphasis is placed on the significance of accounting policies for tax planning. The provisions of the tax laws, which prove the importance of the accounting standards, are systematized. The results of a study for the instructions and the opinions of the National Revenue Agency to establish the references to accounting are presented.

More...

Фискален отзвук на пандемията от COVID-19 в България

Author(s): Diyana Metalova,Presiana Nenkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of this study is to present the fiscal response to the crisis with the Covid-19 pandemic in Bulgaria. An analysis of the fiscal measures taken in 2020 and 2021 to limit the negative consequences of the epidemiological crisis has been made and their impact on the main budget indicators has been traced. The effect of the pandemic on the established fiscal rules has also been studied.

More...

Изследване на връзката между макроикономическите дисбаланси и растежа на страните в Европейския съюз

Author(s): Atanas Atanassov,Snejanka Bobeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report presents the possibility of measuring the macroeconomic imbalances of the European Union countries by using the so-called integrated indicator. The relationship between the integrated indicator for measuring the macroeconomic imbalances and the economic growth of the European Union countries has been studied, using correlation and cross-correlations coefficients, through which the presence of possible lag effects has been established. For this purpose, annual data for the European Union countries for the period from 2007 to 2020, included, were used. An econometric model has been developed for the impact of macroeconomic imbalances on economic growth.

More...

Двуфакторна зависимост между доверието на потребителите и бизнес климата с реалния растеж НАБВП в България

Author(s): Lachezar Borisov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The report demonstrates a two-factor relationship between the consumer confidence indicator and the total business climate indicator on the one hand, and real GDP growth by quarter on the other hand, over the past three years. The analysis aims to build on conclusions already drawn by the author on the possibility of using key indicators from business surveys as early warning indicators for economic crises and therefore for rapid decision-making. The economic crisis triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic has acutely raised the need for indicators that provide timely signals of impending fluctuations in economic growth dynamics. Managers' direct assessments of the business climate indicator, and the population's assessments of the consumer confidence indicator, have largely the same dynamics as seasonally-adjusted real GDP growth data on a quarter-on-quarter basis over the previous period. The existence of a direct bivariate relationship between the two indicators from the business surveys and the economic growth also determines the fact that they can serve as a signal of the direction of economic development in the short term. This, in turn, also allows for rapid decision-making on specific economic policies.

More...

Ролята и значението на системите за управленски контрол в съвременния свят

Author(s): Antoaneta Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to present the role and importance of management control systems. This paper includes an overview of the characteristics of management control systems and their main advantages. A systematic review of current research on management control systems during the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that the scope of management control systems needs to be expanded and upgraded in the psychological dimension.

More...

The European Union’s Common Commercial Policy in times of turmoil

Author(s): Grzegorz Mazur / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The general aim of the chapter is to identify the main challenges for the EU’s Common Commercial Policy in the context of post-pandemic and war’s experiences as well asfuture trade-related challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The chapter is based on literature/EU official documents, studies, and statistical analysis of the EU’s merchandise trade. It has been structured into two general sections. The first one presents recent trends in the EU’s external merchandise trade caused by the pandemic’s economic repercussions. This is followed by a short analysis of trade disruptions from the Russian-Ukrainian war and trade reactions to the new situation from the EU. Findings: The European Union faces challenges of a fundamental political and economic nature and the Common Commercial Policy is among the main policies defining the EU’s role in the dynamically changing global environment. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought dramatic instabilities to EU economy and trade and the new strategy of the Common Commercial Policy addressed some of the challenges of the evolving global trading system, revealed by the pandemic-related turbulences. Moreover, the Russia–Ukraine war with its geoeconomic and geopolitical consequences has exposed the CCP to new challenges and necessary adjustments. The latest strategy of the EU’s CCP, grounded on open strategic autonomy, emphasises a strong necessity of defending the interests and values of the EU and requires making the trade policy an important engine of green and digital transformation of EU economy. The renewed CCP must also address important trends in the geopolitics of trade and distortions ofthe global system that have symptomised already before the pandemic and the war. Originality and value: The chapter is addressed to students, scholars, and policymakers by contributing to the ongoing debate on the current changes in the global trading system and reactions to those changes from the EU’s Common Commercial Policy.

More...

Dilemmas of organising public transport in COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 times

Author(s): Marcin Jurczak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The chapter aims to identify the most important challenges related to public transport organisation during COVID and post-COVID times. The author asks several questions: How have the restrictions affected (and still affect) public transport? Can economically efficient public transport services be offered in COVID and post-COVID times? And finally: Is public transport safe for users, and will it be safe in the future? Design/methodology/approach: The chapter is based on the literature review and examination of selected case studies. The analysis is carried out in urban transport, regional and interregional rail transport and international transport (particularly air transport). Findings: The chapter specifies the “dilemmas”, of which the most important is a contradiction between the essential requirement for the operation of public transport (to transport many people in a small space) and the basic principle of minimising the increase in COVID infections (the avoidance of large crowds of people). Research limitations: Quantitative methods could further develop and confirm the study. Practical implications: The chapter diagnoses the main challenges related to the organisation and operation of public transport systems in (socially and economically) uncertain times that lie within areas of interest of both managers and local government authorities. Originality and value: The study contributes to the ongoing discussion on improving publictransport.

More...

Firm capabilities, export diversification, and crisis affectedness: A study of Polish exporters during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021

Author(s): Marian Gorynia,Piotr Trąpczyński / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose: This chapter investigates the factors influencing a company’s vulnerability to economic crises, particularly focusing on the role of firm capabilities and export diversification. In light of the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, the study explores how these variables interact to shape a company’s resilience in the face of crisis. Design/methodology/approach: This study utilises primary data collected from Polish exporters in 2022, allowing for a retrospective analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact. Drawing on the resource-based view and firm internationalisation theories, the research formulates hypotheses concerning the relationships between firm capabilities (marketing and technological) and crisis affectedness, moderated by export diversification. Findings: Both marketing and technological capabilities have a negative impact on a company’s vulnerability to economic crises. However, this effect is more pronounced for companies with lower export diversification. In contrast, highly diversified exporters show reduced sensitivity to firm capabilities in mitigating crisis affectedness. Research limitations/implications: This study focuses on Polish exporters in a post-transition economy, which may differ from firms in other economic contexts. Additionally, the research explores a specific crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and its effects on export-oriented companies. Further research is needed to generalize these findings to other crises andregions. Practical implications: The findings suggest that companies should invest in marketing and technological capabilities to enhance resilience during crises, especially if they have a limited international diversification strategy. Highly diversified exporters may need to balance their focus on capabilities with broader market approaches. Originality and value: This research contributes to the understanding of how firm capabilities and export diversification interact to influence a company’s vulnerability to economic crises, with practical implications for exporters navigating turbulent times in a globalized world. The study sheds light on the complexities of resilience-building strategies in post-transition economies and underlines the importance of adaptability in international business.

More...

Factors influencing consumer trust in sharing economy platforms—a comparative study of Polish and Moroccan consumers

Author(s): Wiktoria Rakowska,Zakaria Talouni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The study aims to define the significance of trust and identify consumers’ trust-building factors in sharing economy platforms in two different cultures. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a narrative literature review and exploratory primary qualitative research—focus groups, providing an in-depth insight into the perception of trust in the sharing economy in Poland and Morocco. Findings: Eight factors are crucial in the trust-building process toward sharing economy platforms. For Polish consumers, functional elements such as customer service or service provider reputation standards are critical in building trust, unlike Moroccans, who value the platform’s reputation the most. Research limitations: The study’s focus group size and the possibility of being influenced by other participants’ responses may limit the generalizability of the results. Practical implications: The research stresses the importance of the cultural context in the trust-building process. It may help the sharing economy platforms to customise their offers for consumers coming from different cultural backgrounds, gain their trust and make them feel secure. Originality and value: The study provides new insights into consumers’ perception of trust determinants in two different cultural contexts and contributes to the ongoing discussion on the importance of trust in the sharing economy.

More...